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8/3/2019 KULIAH KE 9 KONTEK

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KULIAH KE 9

PENGENALAN TERHADAPPENGENALAN TERHADAPAPPROACHAPPROACH


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APPROACHAPPROACH

=PENDEKATAN UNTUK PENANGANAN SUATU

MASALAH

MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENYELESAIANYANG ADA (TEKNIK/REKAYASA)

SEDAPAT MUNGKIN MENDEKATI

KENYATAAN/PERMASALAHAN


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PENDEKATAN TERHADAPPENYELESAIAN

PEKERJAAN TEKNIK1. INFORMASI

2. STANDARD

3. RENCANA/RANCANGAN

4. PERFORMANCE


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Empat langkah Praktis untukmenyelesaikan masalah anda

1. Yakin bahwa semua masalah dapat diselesaikandengan mudah. Makin kuat keyakinan anda, makin

mudah masalah diselesaikan.2. Mengenal masalah sesungguhnya.

Bamyak masalah dapat diselesaikan dengan mudahbila kita tahu masalah kita tidaklah masalah yangsesungguhnyatetapi hanyalah masalah biasa.Dapatkah anda menurunkan harapan? Dapatkahanda mengganti cara berpikir tentang persepsirealitas?


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3.Pisahkan dan kuasai masalahnya. Bagi/pisahkanmasalah kedalam langkah langkah kecil ataukategori.

Setiap kategori mempunyai karakteristik yang sama.

Bagi lagi setiap langkah/kategori kedalam masalahyang lebih kecil kecil lagi sampai hal itu siapdiselesaikan (atau kelihatannya mudah diselesaikan).

Kemudian selesaikan satu persatu.

Selalu tanyakan: Dapatkah masalah Ini dibagimenjadi langkah langkah kecil yang mempunyaikarakteristik yang sama secara keseluruhan?


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4.Pikirkan bagaimana menyelesaikanmasalah dalam beberapa cara.

Jangan hanya fokus pada satu

penyelesaian saja dan hanya pada satumasalah saja. Cari solusi, bukanmasalah. Berfikir secara berbeda.Gunakan perangkat mental anda untukmenyelesaikan masalah. Selalu ingatprinsip prinsip cerdas dan empatperaturan dasar dalam penyelesaianmasalah.


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Tujuh cara menyelesaikan masalah

Knowledge,

Science,

Mathematics,Mental Simulation,

Dream,

Creativity,

Discipline


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Bagaimana meningkatkan pengetahuan anda?

Makin luas pengetahuan, makin mudah bagi anda untuk

menyelesaikan masalah. Baca buku, berita, bicara dengan orang tentang kehidupannya,

pengetahuannya, bagaimana mereka berhasil dan gagal.

Dengarkan orang lain.

Lihat bagaimana orang lain menyelesaikan masalah mereka,

mungkin dapat memberikan masukan/ide bagaimana kita dapatmenyelesaikan masalah kita sendiri.

Tanya pendapat orang lain

Berpengelaman bukan berarti bahwa kita perlu mengalaminyasendiri.

Pengalaman buruk orang lain dapat menjadi pengalaman kitajuga.

Dengarkan alam.


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Ilmu Pengetahuan sebagai penyelesaian

masalah praktis

(Science as practical problem solver)

Untuk menyelesaikan masalah secara

ilmiah lakukan:

experiments, (percobaan)

observation, (observasi)

simulation, (simulasi)

survey (survei)


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Experiment (percobaan)

Prinsipnya experiment berarti kita ingin tahuresponsnya berdasarkan satu atau beberapakombinasi faktor.

Kita juga tahu faktor apa yang mempengaruhifaktor lainnya melalui percobaan. Dalampercobaan, kita dapat mengontrol subyekdibawah perlakuan yang sangat terbatas.


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OBSERVASI

Artinya kita tidak mempunyai banyak kontroltentang subyek yang kita teliti. Kita hanyamengobservasi perilaku dan menebak

beberapa latar belakang teoritis untukmenjelaskan perilaku tersebut.

Bila latar belakang teorits kita benar, makaramalan dari teori akan sesuai dengan hasilobservasi.


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Simulation (=Simulasi)

Artinya kita ingin mengimitasi atau meniru

sebagian dari dunia nyata dengan

menggunakan beberapa model dan interaksi

dari model model tersebut.


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Survey

Artinya kita ingin tahu secara kolektif perilaku,

atau sikap atau persepsi atau opini orang

melalui pertanyaan pertanyaan sistematis

yang biasanya dibuat dalam kuesioner.


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How to do Mental Simulation?

God has given everyone of us a very excellent tool to use our mental vision.

With our mental simulation we can do role play, as if we were other person, or tosee the possible combinations ofstrategy that our competitors may use andsimulate our respond toward their strategy.

We can also use the mental simulation to make a better preparation about whatare we going to do, or do a space and time travel to a place and time that we have

never seen before. What ifanalysis in mental simulation may help us to analyze our situation and

gives us more understanding about your own life as well as our life purpose. Wecan see clearly what actually we want to accomplish in our life.


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Simulasi Mental

Untuk melakukan simulasi mental butuh banyak latihan

(practice). Harus waspada (warning) karena simulasi mental

dapat langsung mempengaruhi alam bawah sadar

(subconscious mind).

Kesimpulannya, kamu harus mengontrol imaginasimu ketika

menggunakan simulasi mental. Berbahaya bila tidak hati hati.


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How to use your sleeping time to

solve your problem?

Use your dream to solve your problem. In this way, youuse your other part of your brain. How to do it?

Sleep little then think of the problem, ask the dream tosolve it.

Think and not think. Sleep and not sleep. Almost sleepsthat we can get dream but we are also aware to wake upevery time & write it down what we get from the dream.Always force your self to awake and write it down.Otherwise you will forget when you wake up.

The result can be very surprising because we never thinkof it. This is one way to think different.

You need practice to do it right and of course need to berelaxed.


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How to enhance yourcreativity?

It is similar to dream but in our conscious level (dream is using oursubconscious level).

Force yourself to write it down at least 25 ideas.

Any crazy ideas of solutions, even if it is impossible are welcome. The secret of this method is the knowledge that creativity is a reverse of

consideration. If we consider what we think of, then our creativity is stopped.When we stop our consideration, we do not think that it is good or bad,possible or not possible, morally correct or not, and welcome any ideas, thenour creativity will slowly gain control and heated.

Write it down any ideas that come up in your mind without thinking. Justwrite it down and wait until another ideas coming and soon.

After we get some number of solutions (say 25 to 50 ideas) then we stop thecreativity process and start to consider which idea can be used, whichsolution is working or practical.

You may create something new through this tool or modify something tosolve the problem.


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Discipline as Mental Tool

This is the best tool that we have already within us. The key to use itis only one: willingness. Surely this is a very heavy duty tool but the

result of using it is really great.D

iscipline is not as hard as you maythink.

What is discipline? It is a simple act to be clean & neat, honest,regular, well prepare and be early.

When we do everything regularly and we will gain control our overour own emotion, feeling and thinking.

Once you practice this simple things, you will start to get the benefit.It ranges from a simple things up to great things. You may get selfconfidence and more happiness to work because you now you can

accomplish many things much more than before you learn discipline.

You can create your own new habit and erase your undesirable habit.In the long run, you will gain control your over your own emotion,feeling and thinking and knowing where you are and where are youheading to.


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Digging the root of your problems

1. Make lists about the problems and its characteristics: what webelieve about others, what other believe about us

2. List your belief in your Self.

3. Record the positive things from this problems or what are thepositive things of others

4. Try to shift your value and your own belief. Use your mentalsimulation to think of what is possible based on new beliefcompare to what was impossible with the old beliefs. You need tohave a shift in beliefs.

5. Then based on this new belief, you should change your way ofthinking and attitude. Think of the implication of your new belief

toward your way of thinking. Use mental simulation to check howyou will react, and act.


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Mathematics as practical problem

solver Mathematic is definitely a great weapon to solve many problems. I am talking about general mathematics here which include statistics, logic

and computer programming.

Once we can translate our problem into mathematics language, the wholemathematical principles and theorems are ready to attack the problem

rationally. Of course we need to translate back to real world after we get the solution

from the mathematics language.

The weakness of mathematics is in the translation (human have notacquire this systematic technology until now). If we translate it wrong, theresult will be wrong even though it is mathematically correct.

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