kuliah #3.pptx

8/11/2019 Kuliah #3.pptx

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Alat Pengangkat dan Pengangkut Material(Material Handling Equipment)

Crane and HoistKuliah #3

By

Sugiharto

Mechanical Engineering Department University of Pasundan

Bandung- Indonesia


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1. Introductions

History of Cranes

Driving the hoist of wooden cranewooden crane


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1. Introductions (contd)

History of Cranes

The development of slewing level luffing cranes from 18561956


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1. Introductions

(contd)

History of Cranes

The development of

floating cranes 19051936


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History of Cranes

100 t mobileall-purpose crane


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History of Cranes

Lemniscategrabbing crane

2500 t

offshore

crane


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Some types of cranes and lifting equipment

Container quay

cranes

Automatic

stacking

cranes


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Bulk unloader

Level

luffing

cranes


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Bock crane

Autocrane

for heavy

loads


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Ringer crane

Floating

derrick


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Two offshore cranes;

each for 4000 t

(By courtesy of

Heerema/IHC

Gusto Eng. BV)

Tower

crane


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Container

mover

Excavator


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Shuttle

carrier


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CRANE

SLEWING JIB

OVERHEAD TRAVELLING

HYDRAULICFOLDING TYPE

MOTORISED HOIST

WIRE ROPE

CHAIN

MANUAL HOIST (CHAIN BLOCK)

GANTRY

MOBILE

1. Introductions

SLEWINGJIB CRANE

BERPUTAR 360

DERAJAT


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Up / Down Hoist

OVERHEAD TRAVELLING CRANE


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DISEBUT JUGA SEBAGAI

TRUCK MOUNTED CRANE

HYDRAULIC CRANEFOLDING TYPE



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Up / Down Hoist

Cross Travel


WIRE ROPE MOTORISED HOIST

Up / Down Hoist

CHAIN MOTORISED HOIST


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MANUAL HOIST


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Lifting Height /

Hook Path

Span / Cross Travel

Long Travel /

Travel Distance

Gantry

Structure

GANTRY CRANE



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1. Indoor

2. Outdoor


KATEGORI CRANE & HOIST

Indoor

PENGGUNAAN DI INDUSTRI

Mass Production

Batch Production

PENGGUNAAN DI WORKSHOP

Custom Made Production

Outdoor

PELABUHAN Perdagangan

KAWASAN INDUSTRI

Construction

Dry Dock


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Fixed head

1. SLEWING JIB CRANE

2. FOLDING TYPE HYDRAULIC CRANE

3. GANTRY CRANE

Mobile

1. OVERHEAD TRAVELLING CRANE

2. MOTORISED HOIST

3. MANUAL HOIST

1. Introductions (contd)CONTOH PEMASANGAN CRANE

PEMILIHAN CRANE & HOIST

FAKTOR UTAMA DALAM PEMILIHAN CRANE:

1. CRANE

2. HEAD ROOM


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HEAVY DUTY KAWASAN INDUSTRI

NORMAL DUTY

LIFTING / MOVING SPEED

SINGLE SPEED

DUAL SPEED (Low/Creep & High)


FUNGSI CRANE

OVER HEAD CRANE (OHC) : FAKTOR HEAD ROOM

HEAD ROOM RENDAH

HEAD ROOM TINGGI


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HEAD ROOM RENDAH

JARAK TOP STRUCTURE CRANE

DENGAN KOLOM


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HEAD ROOM TINGGI

JARAK TOP STRUCTURE CRANE

YANG TINGGI DARI KOLOM


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KESESUAIAN PEMILIHAN CRANE MENGIKUT

FAKTOR GIRDER

SINGLE GIRDER SUSPENSION CRANE

(Beban Rendah)

SINGLE GIRDER OHC

(Beban Medium)

DOUBLE GIRDER OHC

(Beban Tinggi)



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Untuk Kapasitas Beban Rendah

SINGLE GIRDER SUSPENSION OHC



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Untuk Kapasitas Beban Sederhana

SINGLE GIRDER OHC



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Untuk Kapasitas Beban Tinggi

DOUBLE GIRDER OHC



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SINGLE GIRDER UNDER RUNNING

CRAB/TROLLEY

Kapasitas Rendah dengan Head Room Rendah

SINGLE GIRDER TOP RUNNING

Kapasitas Rendah dengan Head Room Tinggi

DOUBLE GIRDER UNDER RUNNING

CRAB/TROLLEY

KapasitasTinggi dengan Head Room Rendah

DOUBLE GIRDER TOP RUNNING CRAB/TROLLEY

(Double Rail Crab/Trolley)

KapasitasTinggi dengan Head Room Tinggi

KESESUAIAN PEMILIHAN CRANE MENGIKUTI FAKTOR CRAB/TROLLEY

& END CARRIAGE



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SINGLE GIRDER UNDER RUNNING CRAB/TROLLEY OHC



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SINGLE GIRDER UNDER RUNNING CRAB/TROLLEY OHC



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SINGLE GIRDER TOP RUNNING OHC



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SINGLE GIRDER TOP RUNNING OHC



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DOUBLE GIRDER UNDER RUNNING CRAB/TROLLEY OHC

Double Girder

Under Running Crab



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DOUBLE GIRDER TOP RUNNING CRAB/TROLLEY OHC



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DOUBLE GIRDER TOP RUNNING CRAB/TROLLEY OHC



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PANDUAN REKAYASA CRANE SYSTEM

Detail Brief Dari Pihak Pengguna

Input Teknis Draf Rekayasa bentuk Awal

Penyediaan Rekayasa bentuk Akhir & Spesifikasi


SKETSA UNTUK REKAYASA


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SKETSA UNTUK REKAYASA1. Introductions (contd)


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PROSEDUR PROSES REKAYASA BENTUK CRANE SYSTEM

KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA

BRITISH STANDARD (B.S) FEM (Federation of European Handling Equipment Manufacturer)


PENDAFTARAN SERTIFIKASI

KELULUSAN UJIAN BEBAN

(Load Test Approval) : 1.25 x SWL

DESIGN SUBMISSION APPROVAL

(Lengkap dengan Spesifikasi Bahan & Perkiraan)

SYARAT-SYARAT KELULUSAN

KAPASITAS < 5 TON :

Tidak perlu Design & Calculation Submission

Kelulusan Ujian Beban

Surat ijin Kelulusan dari Pabrikan (Manufacturer Cerf)

KAPASITAS > 5 TON :

Perlu Design & Calculation Submission

Kelulusan Ujian Beban

Surat ijin Kelulusan dari Pabrikan (Item Import)


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BRITISH STANDARD

B.S. 105:1919: Crane RailB.S. 3579:1963: Sheaves

B.S. 482: Hook SWL

B.S. 2573 Part 1, 1977, B.S. 3579:1963

(Crane System Design Consideration)

B.S. 2757, B.S. 822: Electrical MotorB.S. 775, B.S 587: Starter & Contactor

B.S. 466:1960: Gearing

B.S. 302 and B.S. 621: Wire Rope

B.S. 15:1948: Steel Structure

B.S. 538, B.S. 639:1952: Welding Procedure & Electrode



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Alat Pengangkat dan Pengangkut Material(Material Handling Equipment)

Hoisting EquipmentKuliah #3

By

Sugiharto

Mechanical Engineering Department University of Pasundan

Bandung- Indonesia


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1. Hoisting Equipment

Hosting equipment are usually powered equipment used for lifting and

lowering unit and varying loads intermittently. In certain equipmentwhile lifting and lowering, shifting of the load can also be

accomplished, within an area known as the reach of the equipment.

The primary function of hoisting

equipment is transferring through lifting and lowering operations.

A variety of equipment fall under the heading of hoisting equipmentstarting from hoists, different types of elevators and cranes. Excepting

for elevators, these equipment generally utilize a drum, wire rope,

pulleys and load lifting attachments for performing the lifting and

lowering (i.e. hoisting) motions.

Hoisting equipment can be stationary, portable or travelling type. Oftenhoisting equipment are mounted on powered vehicles like truck, rail or

ship, when the movement of the lifted load is not limited to a fixed area

of operation.


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2. PARTS OF HOISTING EQUIPMENT

Chain and Chain Sprockets

The types of chains used in hoisting equipment are

(i) welded load chains and

(ii) roller chains.

Welded chains are used in low capacity hoisting machines (hoists,

winches, hand operated cranes etc.)

Disadvantages of the welded chain are their

(i) heavy weight,(ii) susceptibility tojerks and overloads,

(iii) heavy wear of the links,

(iv) low safe speed of movement,

(v) sudden failure without previous indication etc.

On the other hand the advantages are their(i) flexibility in all directions,

(ii) possibility of using small sized pulleys and drums, (iii) simple

design and manufacturing process etc.

The diameter of welded chain pulleys or drums are, however, should

not be less than 20d, where d is the diameter of rod of each link.


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2. PARTS OF HOISTING EQUIPMENT (contd)

Roller chains are composed of plate links, hinge-jointed by pins. Chains

may be made with two plates or for heavier duty with up to twelve plates.

Roller chains are used for both hand operated hoists as well aselectrically driven equipment like hoists or winches for lifting heavy load at

slow speeds (about 15 mpm) and in guideways.

Roller chains are superior to welded chains in many ways namely in

reliability as links are made from solid plates. Roller chains have high

flexibility in the plane of rotation and hence sprockets of smaller diametermay be used. The friction in the joints are also less hence more efficient.

However, the major limitation of roller chain is that it cannot be used to

carry weight at an angle to the plane of rotation of the links. In such a

case excessive bending load of the plates tend to damage/break the pins.

It is because of this drawback, the roller chains have largely beenreplaced by steel wire ropes in the power driven hoisting equipment.


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I listen, I forget

I see, I rememberI do, I understand

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