kelompok 10.ppt

8/18/2019 kelompok 10.ppt

1/16

Non Defning

Relative ClausesMuhammad Ridwan

Rizal Fathoni

Moh Riqi Al Author

Eko Jatmiko


2/16

Defnition o Non DefningRelative Clause

• Nondefning relative !lauses "also

!alled non-identifying relative clauses ornon-restrictive relative clauses# giveadditional inormation on something$%ut do not defne it&


3/16

'ooking at 'anguage

• (n nondefning relative !lauses we )ut a

!omma %eore and ater the main !lause&• *se the relative )ronouns who$ which$

whose$ where and when in nondefningrelative !lauses&

•+he relative )ronoun !annot %e omitted&

E,am)le - Mark Smith, who lives next doorto us, plays in a band.


4/16

*.(N/ 012(C20 +3REFER +3 AN3+2ER

C'A*.E

• +he relative )ronoun which at the %eginning o a nondefning relative !lause !an reer to all the inormation

!ontained in the )revious )art o the senten!e$ ratherthan to 5ust one word&

E6AM7'E.

• Chris did reall8 well in his e,ams$ which is quite asurprise&

• M8 riends were all hiding in m8 a)artment$ whichisn't what I'd expected&

• .he9s stud8ing to %e!ome a do!tor$ which is dificult&


5/16

D(FFERENCE. 1(+2DEF(N(N/ RE'A+(:E

C'A*.E.• (n defning relative !lauses$ the )ronouns who, whom$ and which are oten re)la!ed

%8 that in s)oken English& (n nondefning relative !lauses$ 8ou !annot re)la!e other)ronouns with that& ;ou also !annot leave out the relative )ronoun in nondefning relative!lauses$ in the wa8 8ou sometimes !an in defning relative !lauses& +he )ronoun isrequired$ even when it is the o%5e!t o the ver% in the relative !lause& Finall8$ nondefning

relative !lauses are alwa8s se)arated rom the rest o the senten!e %8 !ommas$ unlikedefning relative !lauses$ whi!h have no )un!tuation&

E6AM7'E.

• 2e gave me the letter$ which was in a blue envelope. "nondefning !lause- +here wasonl8 one letter$ it ha))ened to %e %lue& ;ou must use which#

• 2e gave me the letter which/that was in a blue envelope. "defning !lause- +here wereseveral letters o di


6/16

+he !om)ares %etween two

kinds o relative !lauses -

Dening relative clauses Nondening clauses

Indenti!y something or

somebody

/ive e,tra inormation

Do not have commas Are se)arated rom h5e main

!lause %8 !ommas

"an use that instead o! who

or which

Do not use that

"an sometimes leave out the

relative pronoun

2ave to have the relative

)ronoun


7/16

2ow the meaning o asenten!e !hanges a!!ording

to the t8)e o relative!lause =

• Nondefning - +he man$ who was

wearing a lime green hat$ seemed alittle strange "there is onl8 one man#

• Defning - +he man who was wearing alime green hat$ seemed a little strange

" there is more than one man$ and i wantto talk a%out the one in the lime greenhat#


8/16

3ther 7oint

• 1hi!h !an reer to a whole !lause oten

with %e ad5e!tive - >1e s)ent a week high u) in the

mountain$ whi!h was wonderul?

• Nondefning relative !lauses !ome in

the middle or at the end o a senten!e>+he )oli!eman s)oke to the girl$ who didnot a))ear to listen?


9/16

Fun!tion#unction $elative pronoun %xample

&ubect who$ whi!h Fahmi$ who was one

o the smarteststudent in our

s!hool$ !ame rom

Jakarta

(bect whom$ whi!h$ who .he invited Randi$whom he had met in

Ja)an$ to her

%irthda8 )art8

)ossessive whose +he !ar$ whose

owner is going on


10/16

E,am)les o NonDefningClause at :arious Relative

7ronoun

• 1ho

&ubect "o ver% >is?# - +he woman$ who is ver8%eautiul$ is m8 tea!her&

&ubect "o ver% >!omes?# - +he manager$ whoalwa8s !omes on time$ has worked or almost@ 8ears&

(bect "o ver% >admire?# - Mr& A%raham$ who (admire so mu!h$ was m8 headmaster& B(normalwritten English$ s)oken ormal- whom


11/16

E,am)les o NonDefningClause at :arious Relative

7ronoun

• *hom

(bect "o ver% >admire?# - Mr& A%raham$ whom ( admire so mu!h$ wasm8 headmaster&

• *hose

)ossessive + +he mansion$ whose owneris going on holida8$ has %urned down&


12/16

Related %8 :er%

• 'inking :er%

A linking ver% !onne!ts the su%5e!t with aword that gives inormation a%out thesu%5e!t$ su!h as a !ondition or relationshi)&+he8 do not show an8 a!tion %ut the8 linkthe su%5e!t with the rest o the senten!e&

For e,am)le$ in the senten!e >+he8 a)ro%lem?$ the word >are? is the linking ver%that !onne!ts >the8? and )ro%lem? to showthe relationshi) %etween the two words&


13/16

Related %8 :er%Is ,as Do &mell

-m 2ave Does Come

-re 2ad Did .ta8

*as/*ere e een +urn

Example: The manager, who always comes on time, has worked foralmost 10 years


14/16

Related %8 :er%

• 2el)ing :er%

2el) out the main ver% in a senten!e2el)ing ver%s hel) e,)lain the sometimes

!om)li!ated nuan!es o meaning& Fore,am)le$ the8 !an show e,)e!tation$)ro%a%ilit8$ o%ligation$ )otential$ and

dire!tions

E,am)les- The car, which can reach speedsof over !!km"ph, costs over #$!!,!!!.


15/16

Related %8 Adver%

• 7utri Nur Fadhilah$ who ( admire so

mu!h$ has ingnored sim)l8&• 2e literall8 wre!ked his mothers !ar

• +he8re going to %e late$ sure


16/16

Reu%en .ingh$ who is worth a%out G @H milion$ hands the )honeto his a!!ountant& IMost news)a)er sa8s the a!!ountant$ Istate thatReu%en is worth @ milion& 1e are a %it !onservative and sa8 @Hmilion& (t is still rather a lot&&& es)e!iall8 or a @K8earold$ he adds%eore )assing the )hone %a!k to the teenage %usinessman$ who!oughs quietl8&

.ingh is the owner o the Miss Attitude Retail /rou)$ whi!hsu))lies ashion 5eweller8 and a!essoris& 2e is also a student$ atMan!hester Metro)litan *niversit8$ stud8ing or a degree in

fnan!ial servi!e& 'ast 8ear$ when he was still onl8 worth ten milion$he was running his own %usiness while stud8ing or e,ams at1illiam 2ulme /rammar .!hool in Man!hester&

2e o)ened the frst Miss Attitude sho) in Man!hester less thatna 8ear ago now he has @H sho)s with another @L )lanned or ne,t

8ear& 2e )oints out that he is the onl8 teenager who has set u) a!om)an8 or his own age grou)&

kelompok 10.ppt

Documents