01.pengantar psikoterapi

PSIKOTERAPI

Asal kata : therapeia artinya healing atau penyembuhan.

Secara harafiah berarti : penyembuhan akal atau jiwa.

Pengertian lebih luas :penyembuhan akal melalui metoda psikologi yang dilakukan oleh praktisi yang telah terlatih dan sesuai kualifikasinya (Nelson-Jones, 2001).

DEFINISI PSIKOTERAPI

Psychotherapy is a formal process of interaction between two parties, each party usually consisting of one person but with possibility that there may be two or more people in each party, for the purpose of amelioration of distress in one of two parties relatives to any of the following areas of disability or malfunction :

DEFINISI PSIKOTERAPI

1. Cognitive functions (disorder of thinking)

2. Affective functions (suffering or emotional discomfort)

3. Behavioral functions (inadequacy of behaviour)

With the therapist having some theory of personality’s origins, development, maintenance and change along with some method of treatment logically related to the theory and professional and legal to act as a therapist.

(Raymond Corsini & Danny Wedding)

DEFINISI PSIKOTERAPI

KONSELING

Asal kata : counsilium (bahasa latin) artinya “bersama” atau “berbicara bersama”.

Pengertian : pembicaraan konselor (counselor) dengan satu atau beberapa klien (counselee).

DEFINISI KONSELING

Counseling denotes a profesional relationship between a trained conselor and a client. This relationship is usually person to person, although it may sometimes involve more than two people.

It is designed to help clients to understand and clarify their views of their lifespaces and to learn to reach their self-determined goals through meaningful, well informed choices and through resolution of problems of an emotional or interpersonal nature.

(Burks & Stefflre)

PSIKOTERAPI - KONSELING ?

Psikoterapi = Konseling

Patterson, Truax, Rogers, Carkhuff.

Psikoterapi # konseling.

Schneiders.

PERBEDAAN PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING

Psikoterapi Rekonstruktif Pelatihan menyeluruh Proses : jangka

panjang. Lebih mendalam Menggunakan medical

terms. Menangani masalah

yang lebih parah (more severe), spt : psikotik, personality disorders.

Konseling Suportif dan edukatif Pelatihan kurang

menyeluruh. Proses : biasanya

singkat. Biasanya non-medical. Menangani masalah

yang lebih ringan, Cth: penyesuaian diri,

miskomunikasi, dll.

PERBEDAAN HAKIKI PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING

Psikoterapi : world view + 1 pilihan teori sertakonsisten dalam teknik terapi yang telah ditentukan

dan terkait dengan

karakteristik psikopatologik yang diderita

klien.

Konseling : world view + paduanteori yang membantu

memahami manusia sebagai individu

dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi klien.

Paduan mazhab psikologi yang diterapkan dalam konseling

disebut

Pendekatan EKLETIK.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN PSYCHOTHERAPY

Psychoanalytic Behaviouristic

Humanistic

THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK IN COUNSELING

Psychoanalytic Behaviouristic

Humanistic

Ekletik

WORLD VIEW World View adalah cara bagaimana

kita menangkap “central issues” dari permasalahan yang dihadapi.

Dengan prinsip world view inilah konselor atau terapis mendasari cara mengambil keputusan tentang cara bereaksi yang tentu saja merupakan

central issues terapis/konselor. Menjadi khas bagi dirinya sendiri.

INTERVENSI PSIKOLOGIK

Ada 3 istilah :1. Helping relationship /

Konseling2. Interviewing

3. Psychotherapy

TUJUAN UMUM DARI PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING

Secara luas adalah :

1. Effective daily living

2. Positive relationship with others.

EFEKTIFITAS PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING

Membutuhkan prasyarat :1. Penguasaan tentang “world

view” dari klien.2. Kemampuan memilih alternatif

teori yang tepat untuk melandasi iklim relasi yang dibina dengan klien.

METODE YANG DIGUNAKAN DALAM PSIKOTERAPI – KONSELING

1. Metode direktif - mengarahkanPossesive warmth

2. Metode non direktif –tidak mengarahkanNon possesive warmth

PERSYARATAN UTAMA UNTUK BERPERAN SEBAGAI TERAPIS / KONSELOR :

1. Congruence.2. Emphatic understanding.3. Sikap yang hangat. (possesive – non possesive).

PROSES PSIKOTERAPI - KONSELING

1. Rapport2. Assessment3. Diagnosis

4. Intervention5. Evaluation

KODE ETIK PSIKOTERAPI DAN KONSELING

PRINSIP : TO DO NOTHING TO HARM THE CLIENT OR SOCIETY.1. Maintain confidentiality2. Recognize your limitations3. Avoid asking the irrelevant

details4. Treat the client as you would like

to be treated : respect, dignity, kindness, honesty, being well-accepted as a person in trusting relationship.

“The Future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their

dreams”

You Raise me up (song)

ALWAYS THERE FOR YOUAlbum : Secret Garden

When I'm less than I should be

When I just can't face the day

When darkness falls around me

And I just can't find my way

When my eyes don't clearly see

And I stumble through it all

You I lean upon, you keep me strong

And you rise me when I fall

ALWAYS THERE FOR YOUAlbum : Secret Garden

(chorus)

You are there when I most need you

You are there so constantly

You come shining through, you always do

You are always there for me

ALWAYS THERE FOR YOUAlbum : Secret Garden

When life brings me to my knees

When my back's against the wall

You are standing there right with me

ALWAYS THERE FOR YOUAlbum : Secret Garden

Just to keep me standing tall

Though a burden I might be

You don't weary, you don't rest

You are reaching out to carry me

And I know I'm heaven-blest

(Repeat chorus)