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INDONESIAN ECONOMY

SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSIPrepared by:

INDRI KARTIKA

SULTAN AGUNG ISLAMIC UNIVERSITYSEMARANG - INDONESIA

PengertianMerupakan suatu sistem yang terintegrasi untuk menghasilkan informasi akuntansi mulai dari mengumpulkan data, menganalisis, mencatat, mengikhtisarkan dan menyajikan informasi akuntansi kepada pihak-pihak yang berkepentinganGambar proses/siklus AkuntansiBuktiTransaksiJurnalBukuBesarLaporanKeuanganBukuPembantuThe Accounting CycleLO 3 Identify steps in the accounting cycle.Transactions Evidents1. Journalization6. Financial Statements7. Closing entries8. Post-closing trail balance9. Reversing entries3. Trial balance2. Posting5. Adjusted trial balance4. AdjustmentsWork SheetIllustration 3-6Basic TerminologyLO 1 Understand basic accounting terminology.EventTransactionAccountReal AccountNominal AccountLedgerJournalPostingTrial BalanceAdjusting EntriesFinancial StatementsClosing EntriesReal &nominal accountReal account1. Assets2. Liabilities3. EquitiesNominal Account1. Revenues2. Expenses

Debits and CreditsLO 2 Explain double-entry rules.An Account shows the effect of transactions on a given asset, liability, equity, revenue, or expense account.Double-entry accounting system (two-sided effect).Recording done by debiting at least one account and crediting another.DEBITS must equal CREDITS.Account NameDebit / Dr. Credit / Cr. Debits and CreditsIf Debit entries are greater than Credit entries, the account will have a debit balance.LO 2 Explain double-entry rules.$10,000Transaction #2$3,000$15,0008,000Transaction #3BalanceTransaction #1

Normal Balance CreditNormal Balance DebitDebits and Credits SummaryLO 2 Explain double-entry rules. Balance Sheet Income Statement=+=-AssetLiabilityEquityRevenueExpenseDebitCreditDebits and Credits SummaryLO 2 Explain double-entry rules.Basic Accounting EquationLO 2 Explain double-entry rules.Relationship among the assets, liabilities and stockholders equity of a business: The equation must be in balance after every transaction. For every Debit there must be a Credit.

Illustration 3-3Ownership structure dictates the types of accounts that are part of the equity section.Proprietorship or PartnershipCorporationCapital AccountDrawing Account

Common StockAdditional Paid-in CapitalDividends DeclaredRetained EarningsOwnership StructureLO 2 Explain double-entry rules.Corporation Ownership StructureLO 2 Explain double-entry rules.Stockholders EquityBalance SheetStatement of Retained EarningsNet income or Net loss (Revenues less expenses)Income StatementDividendsRetained Earnings (Net income retained in business)Common Stock (Investment by stockholders)Illustration 3-4General Journal a chronological record of transactions. Journal Entries are recorded in the journal.

1. JournalizingLO 4 Record transactions in journals, post to ledger accounts, and prepare a trial balance.General JournalPosting the process of transferring amounts from the journal to the ledger accounts.

General Ledger

General JournalJan. 3Sale of stockGJ1100,000100,000100GJ12. PostingLO 4 Record transactions in journals, post to ledger accounts, and prepare a trial balance.Trial Balance a list of each account and its balance; used to prove equality of debit and credit balances.

3. Trial BalanceLO 4 Record transactions in journals, post to ledger accounts, and prepare a trial balance.Jurnal Penyesuaian (adjusting entries)Mengapa diperlukan?1. Penggunaan dasar waktu (accrual basis)2. Pemisahan akun-akun yang bersifat campuran (nominal dan riil) pada akhir periode3. Beberapa transaksi belum dicatat pada akhir periodeObjek jurnal penyesuaianBiaya Dibayar DimukaBiaya Dibayar Di BelakangPendapatan Diterima DimukaPendapatan Diterima DibelakangPencadangan Kerugian PiutangPemakaian PersediaanDepresiasi Aktiva Tetap6. Preparing Financial StatementsLO 6 Prepare financial statement from the adjusted trial balance.Financial Statements are prepared directly from the Adjusted Trial Balance. Balance SheetIncome StatementStatement of Cash FlowsStatement of Retained Earnings Closing EntriesLO 7 Prepare closing entries.To reduce the balance of the income statement (revenue and expense) accounts to zero. To transfer net income or net loss to owners equity.Balance sheet (asset, liability, and equity) accounts are not closed.Dividends are closed directly to the Retained Earnings account.7. Closing EntriesLO 7 Prepare closing entries.Example: Assume the following Adjusted Trial Balance

Example: Prepare the Closing journal entry from the adjusted trial balance on the previous slide. Closing EntriesLO 7 Prepare closing entries.Sales185,000Income summary202,000Interest income17,000Income summary115,000Cost of goods sold47,000Salary expense25,000Depreciation expense43,000Income summary87,000Retained earnings87,000Retained earnings10,000Dividends declared10,000 Post-Closing Trial BalanceLO 7 Prepare closing entries.Example continued:

Reversing EntriesLO 7 Prepare closing entries.Reversing entries is an optional step that a company may perform at the beginning of the next accounting period.Chapter 3-*

Assets
Debit / Dr.
Credit / Cr.
Normal Balance

Chapter 3-*

Debit / Dr.
Credit / Cr.
Normal Balance
Expense

Chapter 3-*

Liabilities
Debit / Dr.
Credit / Cr.
Normal Balance

Chapter 3-*

Debit / Dr.
Credit / Cr.
Normal Balance
Equity

Chapter 3-*

Debit / Dr.
Credit / Cr.
Normal Balance
Revenue

Chart of AccountsChart of AccountsAcct. No.Account100Cash105Accounts receivable110Inventory130Building200Accounts payable220Note payable300Common stock330Retained earnings400Sales500Cost of goods sold

General LedgerGeneral JournalDateAccount TitleRef.DebitCreditJan.3Cash100100,000Common stock300100,00010Building130150,000Note payable220150,00015Inventory11060,000Accounts payable20060,00020Accounts receivable10575,000Sales40075,00020Cost of goods sold50030,000Inventory11030,00029Cash10040,000Accounts receivable10540,000General LedgerCashAcct. No. 100DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.3Sale of common stockGJ100,000100,00020GJ40,000140,000Accounts ReceivableAcct. No. 105DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.20GJ75,00075,000GJ40,00035,000InventoryAcct. No. 110DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.15GJ60,00060,00020GJ30,00030,000BuildingAcct. No. 130DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.10GJ150,000150,000Accounts payableAcct. No. 200DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.15GJ60,000(60,000)Notes payableAcct. No. 220DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.10GJ150,000(150,000)Common stockAcct. No. 300DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.3Sale for cashGJ100,000(100,000)Retained EarningsAcct. No. 330DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalance0.0SalesAcct. No. 400DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.20GJ75,000(75,000)Cost of Goods SoldAcct. No. 500DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.20GJ30,00030,000

Trial BalanceTrial BalanceAcct. No.AccountDebitCredit100Cash140,000105Accounts receivable35,000110Inventory30,000130Building150,000200Accounts payable60,000220Note payable150,000300Common stock100,000330Retained earnings400Sales75,000500Cost of goods sold30,000385,000385,000

Journal EntryNo.AccountDebitCredit110,000

Class SolutionAssets=Liabilities+EquityAccountsAccountsNotesCommonRetainedCost ofCashReceivableInventoryBuildingPayablePayableStockEarningsSalesGoods Sold1.100,000100,0002.150,000150,0003.60,00060,0004.75,000(30,000)75,00030,000540,000(40,000)140,00035,00030,000150,000=60,000150,000+100,0000.075,00030,0000.0DebitCreditCashAccounts ReceivableCommon Stock1.Cash100,000100,00075,00040,000100,000Common stock100,00040,0002.Building150,000140,0000.035,0000.00.0100,000Notes payable150,0003.Inventory60,000BuildingAccounts PayableSalesAccounts payable60,000150,00060,00075,0004.Accounts receivable75,000Sales75,000150,0000.00.060,0000.075,000Cost of goods sold30,000Notes PayableInventoryCost of Goods SoldInventory30,000150,00060,00030,00030,0005Cash40,000Accounts receivable40,0000.0150,00030,0000.030,0000.0

Class Assets=Liabilities+EquityAccountsAccountsNotesCommonRetainedCost ofCashReceivableInventoryBuildingPayablePayableStockEarningsSalesGoods Sold1.2.3.4.50.00.00.00.0=0.00.0+0.00.00.00.00.0DebitCreditCashCommon stockAccounts receivable1.2.0.00.00.00.00.00.03.BuildingNotes payableSales4.0.00.00.00.00.00.0InventoryAccounts payableCost of goods sold50.00.00.00.00.00.06Retained earningsDebitCreditCashAAccounts receivableAInventoryA0.00.0BuildingAAccounts payableLNotes payableLCommon stockERetained earningsESalesRCost of goods soldE0.00.0

Accounting EquationAssets=Liabilities+Equity

T-AccountsCash0.00.0Inventory0.00.0

Sheet1DateAccount TitleRef.DebitCreditJan.3Cash100100,000Common stock300100,00010Building130150,000Note payable220150,000










Sheet1 (2)DateAccount TitleRef.DebitCreditJan.3Cash100100,000Common stock300100,000CashAcct. No. 100DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalance










Sheet1 (2)DateAccount TitleRef.DebitCreditJan.3Cash100100,000Common stock300100,000CashAcct. No. 100DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.3Sale of common stockGJ100,000100,000



Trial BalanceAcct. No.AccountDebitCredit100Cash$140,000105Accounts receivable35,000110Inventory30,000130Building150,000200Accounts payable$60,000220Note payable150,000300Common stock100,000330Retained earnings400Sales75,000500Cost of goods sold30,000$385,000$385,000






Journal slideDateAccount TitleRef.DebitCreditJan.3Cash100100,000Common stock300100,00010Building130150,000Note payable220150,000

Posting slideDateAccount TitleRef.DebitCreditJan.3Cash100100,000Common stock300100,000CashAcct. No. 100DateExplanationRef.DebitCreditBalanceJan.3Sale of common stockGJ100,000100,000



Trial BalanceAcct. No.AccountDebitCredit100Cash$140,000105Accounts receivable35,000130Building190,000220Note payable$150,000300Common stock100,000330Retained earnings38,000380Dividends declared10,000400Sales185,000430Interest income17,000500Cost of goods sold47,000520Salary expense25,000550Depreciation expense43,000$490,000$490,000










Trial BalanceAcct. No.AccountDebitCredit100Cash$140,000105Accounts receivable35,000130Building190,000220Note payable$150,000300Common stock100,000330Retained earnings115,000380Dividends declared0.0400Sales0.0430Interest income0.0500Cost of goods sold0.0520Salary expense0.0550Depreciation expense0.0$365,000$365,000








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