ppt refarat saraf kranial.ppt

7/26/2019 PPT Refarat Saraf Kranial.ppt

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SARAF KRANIAL DAN ASPEKSARAF KRANIAL DAN ASPEK

KLINIS DALAM INDERA KHUSUSKLINIS DALAM INDERA KHUSUS

OLEH :

HARA HARJI JAEJA, S.Ked

PEMBIMBING : dr. IRMAYANI ABOE KASIM, M.Kes, Sp.S

DIBAWAKAN DALAM RANGKA TUGAS KEPANITERAAN KLINIK

BAGIAN NEUROLOGI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

UNIVERSITAS HALU OLEO

KENDARI


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SARAF KRANIALIS(SARAF OTAK)

Nervi Craniales (Jamak)

Nervus Cranialis (Tunggal)


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Gambar 1: Tempat keluar Nervi Craniales aribatang !tak


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Nerves in Order Modality Function

Olfactory Special sensory Smell

Optic Special sensory Vision

Oculomotor Somatic motor

Visceral motor

Levator palpebrae, superioris, superior,

medial & inferior recti muscles

Parasympathetic to ciliary & pupillary

constrictor muscles

Trochlear Somatic motor Superior oblique muscle

Trigeminal Branchial motor

General sensory

Muscles of mastication

Sensory for head/neck, sinuses,

meninges, & external surface of tympanicmembrane

Abducens Somatic motor

Lateral rectus muscle

Facial Branchial Motor

Visceral Motor

General SensorySecial Sensor

Muscles of facial expression

Parasympathetic to all glands of head

except the parotidSensor for ear and tm anic membrane

Table 1. Cranial Nerves Summary


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Nerves in Order Modality Function

Glossopharyngeral Branchial Motor

Visceral Motor

Visceral Sensory

General Sensory

Special Sensory

Stylopharyngeus muscle

Parotid Gland

Carotid Body

Sensation posterior one-third tongue &

internal surface of tympanic

membrane.

Taste posterior one-third tongueVagus Branchial Motor

Visceral Motor

Visceral Sensory

Special Sensory

Muscles pharynx & larynx

Parasympathetic to neck, thorax, &

abdomen

Sensory from pharynx, larynx &

visceraSensory from external earSpinal Accessory Branchial Motor

Trapezius & sternocleidomastoid

muscles

Hypoglossal

Somatic Motor Tongue muscles except palatoglossal

Table 1. Cranial Nerves Summarycont


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Nervi Craniales dan fungsinya" Nervus Ol#a$t!riusleas signals #r!m t%e n!se t! t%e brain&

"" Nervus Opti$us

leas t%e signals !# t%e retina t! t%ebrain&

""" Nervus O$ul!m!t!rius

e'e an e'eli m!vement as ell as t%e iris(iris) steers&


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" Nervus Abu$ens

"nternal #!urt% t%e lateral e'e mus$le&"" Nervus Fa$ialis (Fa$e nerve)

"# t%e mus$ulature !# t%e mimi$ steers*

als! t%e taste persepti!n in t%e #r!nt t!t%irs !# t%e t!ngue an internal #!urt% all%ea glans meiate e+$ept t%e .ar!tis&

"""Nervus estibul!$!$%learis (/earing an

0uilibrium Nerve)Resp!nsibl' #!r t%e #!raring !# t%ein#!rmati!n #r!m t%e %earing snails an t%e!rgan !# t%e euilibrium&


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"2 Nervus Gl!ss!p%ar'ngeus (T!ngue T%r!atNerve)

3eas t%e signal !# t%e rear t!ngue se$ti!n t!t%e brain an internal #!urt% mus$les !# t%et%r!at& "mp!rtantl' #!r t%e sip a$t&

2 Nervus agus

-ain nerve !# t%e .aras'mpat%i$us an at t%e

regulari4ati!n !# t%e a$tivit' !# man' internal!rgans takes part&


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2" Nervus A$$ess!riusSupplie m!t!r t%e -us$ulus trape4ius an t%e-us$ulus stern!$lei!mast!ieus& T%e nervusa$$ess!rius a$tuall' rises #r!m t%at ba$k -ark&Sin$e it pulls %!ever parallel t! ba$k -arksint! t%e %ea $ave an leaves t%ese t%an !n t%e%ea basis again* it is ranke am!ng t%e $ranial

nerves&2"" Nervus /'p!gl!sus

T%e t!ngue m!vement steers


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PEMERIKSAAN KLINISA. NERVUS OLFAKTORIUS NI! Saraf Peng"idu

.ersiapan :

5at : bau6bauan 'ang tiak asing(k!pi* te%* tembakau)

S'arat : pen'akit intranasal (6)


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Gambar& .emeriksaan N&"


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Cara #e$eri%saan&

.asien iberita%u ba%a a'a pen$iumann'a

%enak iperiksa&

.asien iminta mengienti#ikasi apa 'g ter%iu

!le%n'a bila suatu b!t!l 'g berisi 4at tertentu

iekatkan ke sala% satu lubang %iungn'a& 3akukan %al 'g sama i lubang %iung 'g lain&

N I lanjutan


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Penilaian& N!rm!smia: mampu meng%iu gn tepat

An!smia : %ilangn'a a'a peng%iu

/ip!smia : a'a peng%iu kurang ta,am (misaln'a pusila)

.ar!smia : ter%iu bau 'g tk sesuai ($!nt!% baumin'ak ka'u puti% iienti#ikasi sebagaibaang g!reng)

Kak!smia : mirip gn par!smia ttp selalu iienti#ikasisebagai bau 'g tk men'enangkan&

/alusinasi !l#akt!rik : ter%iu sesuatu tanpa aan'aperangsangan (misaln'a paa psik!sis*

epilepsi: un$inate #it)

N I lanjutan


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An!smia* sering i,umpai paa: Fraktur basis $rani :

K!mplikasi meningitis

Tum!r l!bus #r!ntalis (sinr!ma F!ster Kenne')

K!ngenital Albinismus

.ar!smia an kak!smia* apat bersi#at:

K!nversi %isterik

Sementara paa trauma $apitis

N I lanjutan


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'. NERVUS OPTIKUS N II!

Pe$eri%saan (erdiri dari &a& Keta,aman pengli%atan (visual a$uit')b& 3apangan panang (visual #iel)$& .emeriksaan #unus

& .engenalan arna : 6 stilling is%i%ara test $arPersia#an&o Ruangan engan penerangan 'ang baiko .astikan pen'akit6pen'akit paa mata tiak aao 7uta %uru# atau tiako Keta,aman pengli%atan iperiksa paa mata bergilirano Gantungkan kartu snellen paa ,arak 8 atau 9 meter


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Test Keta,aman .engli%atan


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.emeriksaan visus se$ara neur!l!gis: bukanuntuk meng!reksi kelainan re#raksi&a& Keta,aman .engli%atan (isual A$uit')o Jau% : n!rmal 88 atau 99

oAbn!rmal /an'a mampu meng%itung ,ari paa ,arak

1 meter: OS6;: 19< /an'a mampu mengenal gerakan tangan:

OS6;: 1= Tiak mampu mengenal $a%a'a: OS6;:

ppt refarat saraf kranial.ppt

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