makalah farmakologi ii

8/19/2019 Makalah Farmakologi II

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/makalah-farmakologi-ii 1/22

MAKALAH FARMAKOLOGI II

“PENANGANAN ASMA PADA IBU HAMIL”

DOSEN : RATNA WIDIYASARI S,Mc,Klin, Apt

NAMA KELOMPOK :

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AKADEMI FARMASI YARSI PONTIANAK TAHUN

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Kata Pengantar

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Daftar isi

K#t# P3n&#nt#" ........................................................................................................... 2

BAB I...................................................................................................................... 4

PENDAHULUAN.......................................................................................................4

! L#t#" B3l#*#n&...................................................................................................... 4

!% R('(.#n M#.#l#4..................................................................................................5

!) T(1(#n.................................................................................................................5

BAB II..................................................................................................................... 6

PEMBAHASAN.........................................................................................................6

%! Sistem Pernafasan Ibu Hamil..................................................................................6

%!!% P3'3n(4#n *36(t(4#n 7*.i&3n................................................................................6

%!!)P3nin&*#t#n 7l('3 Ti$#l.......................................................................................7

2.2 Asma Pada Kehamilan.......................................................................................... 7

2.3 Jenis-jenis Asma...................................................................................................8

2.4 Etiologi............................................................................................................... 9

2. !ejala Asma...................................................................................................... 10

2." Kom#li$asi........................................................................................................10

3.% Pengaruh Kehamilan terhada# Asma.....................................................................11

3.%.2 P3n&#"(4 A.'# T3"4#$#p K34#'il#n......................................................................11

3.%.3 Di#&n7.i. A.'# B"7nc4i#l................................................................................... 12

3.%.4 P3'3"i*.##n L#67"#t7"i('...................................................................................13

)!! P3'3"i*.##n P3n(n1#n&...................................................................................... 13

4.% #enanganan asma selama $ehamilan .....................Error! Bookmark not dened.

4.%.2 P3n#n&#n#n #.'# *"7ni* p#$# *34#'il#n.................................................................15



+!!) H#l5H#l Unt(* M3nc3&#4 A&#" Ti$#* T3"1#$i S3"#n&#n A.'# S3l#'# H#'il....................16

BAB III.................................................................................................................. 18

PENUTUP.............................................................................................................. 18

A! K3.i'p(l#n......................................................................................................... 18

DAFTAR PUSTAKA.................................................................................................19

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A.'# 6"7n*i#l #$#l#4 .(#t( p3n2#*it $3n&#n ci"i '3nin&*#tn2# "3.p7n t"#*3# $#n

6"7n*(. t3"4#$#p 63"6#&#i "#n&.#n&#n $3n&#n '#ni83.t#.i #$#n2# p3n2i'pit#n 1#l#n

n#8#. 2#n& l(#. $#n $3"#1#tn2# $#p#t 63"(6#45(6#4 6#i* .3c#"# .p7nt#n '#(p(n 4#.il

$#"i p3n&76#t#n =T43 A'3"ic#n T47"#*ic S7ci3t2>

#$i $#p#t $i.i'p(l*#n 6#4-# A.'# $#l#' *34#'il#n #$#l#4 &#n&&(#n

in8l#'#.i *"7ni* 1#l#n n#p#. t3"(t#'# .3l '#.t $#n 37.in78il .34in&&# '3ni'6(l*#n

&31#l# p3"i7$i* 63"(p# .3.#* n#p#., $#$# t3"#.# 63"#t, $#n 6#t(* 2#n& $it3'(*#n p#$#

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'3n$3"it# #.'#! E83* *34#'il#n p#$# #.'# ti$#* $#p#t $ip"3$i*.i!

2.3 Jenis-jenis Asma

A.'# $i6#&i '3n1#$i $(# 13ni., 2#it( :

A.'# int3"i.i* =63"#.#l $#"i $#l#'>

Y#n& .36#6 .3"#n&#nn2# ti$#* $i*3t#4(i

A.'# 3*.t3"i.i* =63"#.#l $#"i l(#">

Y#n& p3'ic( .3"#n&#nn2# 63"#.#l $#"i l(#" t(6(4 =6i#.#n2# l3-#t p3"n#8#.#n>

S3"#n&#n #.'# $#p#t 63"l#n&.(n& .in&*#t #t#( 63"4#"i54#"i! Bi.#n2# .3"#n&#n $i'(l#i

4#n2# 6363"#p# '3nit .3t3l#4 ti'6(ln2# p3'ic(! F"3*(3n.i #.'# 63"63$#563$# p#$#

ti#p p3n$3"it#! S3"#n&#n #.'# 2#n& 436#t $#p#t '3n236#6*#n *3'#ti#n!

2.4 EtiologiA$# 6363"#p# 4#l 2#n& '3"(p#*#n 8#*t7" p"3$i.p7.i.i $#n p"3.ipit#.i ti'6(ln2# .3"#n&#n

#.'# 6"7n*4i#l!

! F#*t7" P"3$i.p7.i.i

#! G3n3ti*!Di'#n# 2#n& $it("(n*#n #$#l#4 6#*#t #l3"&in2#, '3.*ip(n 63l(' $i*3t#4(i

6#&#i'#n# c#"# p3n("(n#nn2# 2#n& 13l#. p3n$3"it# $3n&#n p3n2#*it #l3"&i

6i#.#n2# '3'p(n2#i *3l(#"&# $3*#t 1(&# '3n$3"it# #l3"&i! K#"3n# #$#n2#

6#*#t #l3"&i ini, p3n$3"it# .#n&#t '($#4 t3"*3n# p3n2#*it #.'# 6"7n*4i#l 1i*#

t3"p#p#" $3n&#n 8#*t7" p3nc3t(.! S3l#in it( 4ip3".3nti8i.it#. .#l("#n

p3"n#p#.#nn2# 1(&# 6i.# $it("(n*#n!

F#*t7" P"3pi.it#.

6! Al3"&3nDi'#n# #l3"&3n $#p#t $i6#&#i '3n1#$i ) 13ni., 2#it( :



> In4#l#n, 2#n& '#.(* '3l#l(i .#l("#n p3"n#p#.#n

E : $36(, 6(l( 6in#t#n&, .3"6(* 6(n&#, .p7"# 1#'(", 6#*t3"i $#n p7l(.i

%> In&3.t#n, 2#4& '#.(* '3l#l(i '(l(t

E : M#*#n#n $#n 76#t576#t#n

)> K7nt#*t#n, 2#n& '#.(* '3l#l(i *7nt#* $3n&#n *(lit!

E : p3"4i#.#n, l7&#', $#n 1#' t#n&#nc! P3"(6#4#n C(#c#

C(#c# l3'6#6 $#n 4#-# p3&(n(n&#n 2#n& $in&in .3"in& '3'p3n&#"(4i

#.'#! At'7.8i" 2#n& '3n$#$#* $in&in '3"(p#*#n 8#*t7" p3'ic( t3"1#$in2#

.3"#n&#n #.'#! K#$#n&5*#$#n& .3"#n&#n 63"4(6(n&#n $3n&#n '(.i',

.3p3"ti : '(.i' 4(1#n, '(.i' *3'#"#(, '(.i' 6(n&#,! H#l ini 63"4(6(n&#n

$3n&#n #"#4 #n&in .3"6(* 6(n&# $#n6 $36(

$! St"3..

St"3.. &#n&&(#n 3'7.i $#p#t '3n1#$i p3nc3t(. .3"#n&#n #.'#, .3l#in it(

1(&# 6i.# '3'p3"63"#t .3"#n&#n #.'# 2#n& .($#4 #$#! Di.#'pin& &31#l#

#.'# 2#n& ti'6(l 4#"(. .3&3"# $i76#ti p3n$3"it# #.'# 2#n& '3n&#l#'i .t"3..

&#n&&(#n 3'7.i p3"l( $i63"i n#.34#t (nt(* '3n23l3.#i*#n '#.#l#4

p"i6#$in2#! K#"3n# 1i*# .t"3..n2# 63l(' $i#t#.i '#*# &31#l# #.'#n2# 63l('

6i.# $i76#ti!

3! Lin&*(n&#n K3"1#

M3'p(n2#i 4(6(n&#n l#n&.(n& $3n&#n .36#6 t3"1#$in2# .3"#n&#n #.'#! H#l ini

63"*#it#n $3n&#n $i'#n# $i# 63*3"1#! Mi.#ln2# 7"#n& 2#n& 63*3"1# $il#67"#t7"i('

43-#n, in$(.t"i t3*.til, p#6"i* #.63., p7l(.i l#l( lint#.! G31#l# ini '3'6#i* p#$# -#*t(

li6(" #t#( c(ti!

8! Ol#4"#&# #*ti8it#. 1#.'#ni 2#n& 63"#t

S36#&i#n 63.#" p3n$3"it# #.'# #*#n '3n$#p#t .3"#n&#n 1i*# '3l#*(*#n

#*ti8it#. 1#.'#ni #t#( 7l#4"#&# 2#n& 63"#t! L#"i c3p#t p#lin& '($#4 '3ni'6(l*#n

.3"#n&#n #.'#! S3"#n&#n #.'# *#"3n# #*ti8it#. 6i#.#n2# t3"1#$i .3&3"# .3t3l#4 .3l3.#i

#*ti8it#.!

2. !ejala Asma

G31#l# #.'# 63".i8#t 3pi.7$i*, .3"in&*#li "3?3".i63l $3n&#n#t#( t#np#

p3n&76#t#n!

G31#l# #-#l 63"(p# :

6#t(* t3"(t#'# p#$# '#l#' #t#( $ini 4#"i .3.#* n#p#.



n#p#. 63"6(n2i ='3n&i> 2#n& t3"$3n&#" 1i*# p#.i3n '3n&43'6(.*#n n#p#.n2#

"#.# 63"#t $i $#$#

$#4#* .(lit *3l(#"!

G31#l# 2#n& 63"#t #$#l#4 *3#$##n &#-#t $#"("#t 2#n& '3n&#nc#' 1i-#! Y#n&

t3"'#.(* &31#l# 2#n& 63"#t #$#l#4: S3"#n&#n 6#t(* 2#n& 436#t

S3.#* n#p#. 2#n& 63"#t $#n t3".3n&#l5.3n&#l

Si#n7.i. =*(lit *36i"(#n, 2#n& $i'(l#i $#"i .3*it#" '(l(t>

S(lit ti$(" $#n p7.i.i ti$(" 2#n& n2#'#n #$#l#4 $#l#' *3#$##n $($(*

K3.#$#"#n '3n("(n

2." Kom#li$asi

• K3&(&("#n

• P3".#lin#n p"3'#t("

• P3"t('6(4#n 1#nin t3"4#'6#t

• K7'p3n.#.i 2#n& t3"1#$i p#$# 83t(. #$#l#4 :

• M3n("(nn2# #li"#n $#"#4 p#$# (t3"(.

• M3n("(nn2# ?3n7(. "3t("n i6(

• K("?# $i..7.i#.i 7*.i tt6 63"&3.3" *3 *i"i

• S3$#n&*#n p#$# i6( 2#n& 4ip7*.3'i#, "3.p7n 83t(. 2#n& t3"1#$i :

• M3n("(nn2# #li"#n $#"#4 *3 p(.#t• M3nin&*#tn2# "3.i.t3n.i p3'6(l(4 $#"#4 p#"( $#n .i.t3'i*

• M3n("(nn2# c#"$i#c 7(tp(t

P3"l( $ip3"4#ti*#n 383* .#'pin& p3'63"i#n 76#t576#t#n #.'# t3"4#$#p

83t(., -#l#(p(n ti$#* #$# 6(*ti 6#4-# p3'#*#i#n 76#t 76#t #nti #.'# #*#n

'3'6#4#2#*#n #.'#!

3.% Pengaruh Kehamilan terhada# Asma

P3n&#"(4 *34#'il#n t3"4#$#p p3"1#l#n#n *lini. #.'#, 63"?#"i#.i $#n ti$#*

$#p#t $i.(&#! Di.pn3# .i't7'#ti* 2#n& t3"1#$i .3l#'# *34#'il#n, 2#n& '3n&3n#i

0/;5/; -#nit# 4#'il, 6i.# '3'63"i *3.#n '3'p3"63"#t *3#$##n #.'#!

W#nit# 2#n& '3'(l#i *34#'il#n $3n&#n #.'# 2#n& 63"#t, t#'p#*n2# #*#n

'3n&#l#'i #.'# 2#n& l36i4 63"#t .3l#'# '#.# *34#'il#nn2# $i6#n$in&*#n $3n&#n

'3"3*# 2#n& $3n&#n #.'# 2#n& l36i4 "in&#n! S3*it#" 0/; -#nit# 4#'il $3n&#n

#.'# #*#n '3n&#l#'i p3"1#l#n#n #.'# 2#n& .#'# p#$# *34#'il#n5*34#'il#n

63"i*(tn2#!

Gl(c* Gl(c* '3n2i'p(l*#n 6#4-# p3nin&*#t#n *#$#" I&E$ip3"*i"#*#n #*#n '3'p3"6("(* *3#$##n #.'# .3l#'# *34#'il#n, .36#li*n2#



p3n$3"it# $3n&#n *#$#" I&E 2#n& '3n("(n #*#n '3'6#i* *3#$##nn2# .3l#'#

*34#'il#n!

E*.#.3"6#.i .3"#n&#n #.'# t#'p#*n2# .3"in& t3"1#$i p#$# t"i'3.t3" III #t#(

p#$# .##t p3".#lin#n, 4#l ini '3ni'6(l*#n p3n$#p#t #$#n2# p3n&#"(4 p3"(6#4#n

8#*t7" 47"'7n#l, 2#it( p3n("(n#n p"7&3.t3"7n $#n p3nin&*#t#n p"7.t#&l#n$in,

.36#&#i 8#*t7" 2#n& '3'63"i*#n p3n&#"(4!

P#$# p3".#lin#n $3n&#n .3*.i7 .3.#"3# "3.i*7 ti'6(ln2# 3*.#.3"6#.i .3"#n&#n

#.'# '3nc#p#i 9 *#li lip#t $i6#n$in&*#n 1i*# p3".#lin#n 63"l#n&.(n& p3"?#&in#'!

3.%.2 Pengaruh Asma ,erhada# Kehamilan

P3n&#"(4 #.'# t3"4#$#p *34#'il#n 63"?#"i#.i t3"&#nt(n& $3"#1#t 63"#t

"in&#nn2# #.'# t3".36(t! A.'# t3"(t#'# 1i*# 63"#t 6i.# .3c#"# 63"'#*n#

'3'p3n&#"(4i 4#.il #*4i" *34#'il#n, 6363"#p# p3n3liti#n '3n(n1(**#n #$#n2#

p3nin&*#t#n in.i$3n.i #67"t(., *3l#4i"#n p"3'#t(", 1#nin $3n&#n 63"#t 6#$#n l#4i"

"3n$#4, $#n 4ip7*.i# n37n#t(.! B3"#tn2# $3"#1#t .3"#n&#n #.'# .#n&#t '3'p3n&#"(4i

4#l ini, t3"$#p#t *7"3l#.i 63"'#*n# #nt#"# 8(n&.i p#"( i6( $3n&#n 63"#t l#4i" 1#nin!

An&*# *3'#ti#n p3"in#t#l '3nin&*#t $(# *#li lip#t p#$# -#nit# 4#'il $3n&#n #.'#

$i6#n$in&*#n *3l7'p7* *7nt"7l!

A.'# 63"#t 2#n& ti$#* t3"*7nt"7l 1(&# '3ni'6(l*#n "3.i*7 6#&i i6(, *3'#ti#n i6(

6i#.#n2# $i4(6(n&*#n $3n&#n t3"1#$in2# .t#t(. #.'#ti*(., $#n *7'pli*#.i 2#n&

'3n&#nc#' 1i-# .3p3"ti pn3('7t7"#*., pn3('7'3$i#.tin(', *7" p(l'7n#l3 #*(t,

#"it'i# 1#nt(n&, .3"t# *3l3'#4#n 7t7t $3n&#n &#&#l n#8#.! An&*# *3'#ti#n '3n1#$i

l36i4 $#"i +/; 1i*# p3n$3"it# '3'3"l(*#n ?3ntil#.i '3*#ni*!

A.'# $#l#' *34#'il#n 1(&# $i4(6(n&*#n $3n&#n t3"1#$in2# .3$i*it p3nin&*#t#n

in.i$3n.i p"33*l#'p.i# "in&#n, $#n 4ip7&li*3'i# p#$# 1#nin, t3"(t#'# p#$# i6( 2#n&

'3n$3"it# #.'# 63"#t!B363"#p# p3n3liti#n '3n(n1(**#n 6#4-# $3n&#n p3n#n&#n#n p3n$3"it# .3c#"#

int3n.i8, #*#n '3n&("#n&i .3"#n&#n #*(t $#n .t#t(. #.'#ti*(., .34in&&# 4#.il #*4i"

*34#'il#n $#n p3".#lin#n $#p#t l36i4 6#i*!

3.%.3 (iagnosis Asma &ronhial

Di#&n7.i. #.'# ti$#* .(lit, t3"(t#'# 6il# $i1('p#i &31#l# 2#n& *l#.i* .3p3"ti

.3.#* n#8#., 6#t(* $#n '3n&i! S3"#n&#n #.'# $#p#t ti'6(l 63"(l#n&5(l#n& $3n&#n '#.#



"3'i.i $i#nt#"#n2#! S3"#n&#n $#p#t c3p#t 4il#n& $3n&#n p3n&76#t#n, t3t#pi *#$#n&5

*#$#n& $#p#t p(l# '3n1#$i *"7ni* .34in&&# *3l(4#n 63"l#n&.(n& t3"(. '3n3"(.!

A$#n2# "i-#2#t #.'# .363l('n2#, "i-#2#t p3n2#*it #l3"&i* .3p3"ti "initi.

#l3"&i*, $#n *3l(#"&# 2#n& '3n$3"it# p3n2#*it #l3"&i*, $#p#t '3'p3"*(#t $(&##n

p3n2#*it #.'#! S3l#in 4#l54#l $i #t#., p#$# #n#'n3.# p3"l( $it#n2#*#n '3n&3n#i 8#*t7"

p3nc3t(. .3"#n&#n!

P3n3'(#n p#$# p3'3"i*#.##n 8i.i* p3n$3"it# #.'# t3"&#nt(n& $#"i $3"#1#t

76.t"(*.i 1#l#n n#8#.! E*.pi"#.i '3'#n1#n&, '3n&i, 4ip3"in8l#.i $#$#, t#*i*#"$i,

p3"n#p#.#n c3p#t .#'p#i .i#n7.i. $#p#t $i1('p#i p#$# p3n$3"it# #.'# $#l#' .3"#n&#n!

D#l#' p"#*t3* ti$#* .3"in& $it3'(*#n *3.(lit#n $#l#' '3n3&#**#n $i#&n7.i. #.'#,

t3t#pi 6#n2#* p(l# p3n$3"it# 2#n& 6(*#n #.'# '3ni'6(l*#n '3n&i .34in&&# $ip3"l(*#n

p3'3"i*.##n p3n(n1#n&

3.%.4 Pemeri$saan *aboratorium

! P3'3"i*.##n Sp(t('

P3'3"i*.##n .p(t(' $il#*(*#n (nt(* '3li4#t #$#n2# :

#! K"i.t#l5*"i.t#l c4#"c7t l32$3n 2#n& '3"(p#*#n $3&"#n(l#.i $#"i *"i.t#l 37.in78il!

6! Spi"#l c(".4'#nn, 2#*ni 2#n& '3"(p#*#n c#.t c3ll =.3l c3t#*#n> $#"i c#6#n& 6"7n*(.!

c! C"3$3 2#n& '3"(p#*#n 8"#&'3n $#"i 3pit3l 6"7n*(.!

$! N3t"78il $#n 37.in78il 2#n& t3"$#p#t p#$# .p(t(', ('('n2# 63".i8#t '(*7i$ $3n&#n

?i.*7.it#. 2#n& tin&&i $#n *#$#n& t3"$#p#t '(c(. pl(&!

%! P3'3"i*.##n $#"#4

#! An#li.# &#. $#"#4 p#$# ('('n2# n7"'#l #*#n t3t#pi $#p#t p(l# t3"1#$i 4ip7*.3'i#,

4ip3"*#pni#, #t#( #.i$7.i.!

6! K#$#n& p#$# $#"#4 t3"$#p#t p3nin&*#t#n $#"i SGOT $#n LDH

c! Hip7n#t"3'i# $#n *#$#" l3(*7.it *#$#n&5*#$#n& $i#t#. /// '') $i'#n#

'3n#n$#*#n t3"$#p#tn2# .(#t( in83*.i!

$! P#$# p3'3"i*.##n 8#*t7"58#*t7" #l3"&i t3"1#$i p3nin&*#t#n $#"i I& E p#$# -#*t(

.3"#n&#n $#n '3n("(n p#$# -#*t( 636#. $#"i .3"#n&#n!

)!! Pemeri$saan Penunjang

! P3'3"i*.##n R#$i7l7&i

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'3n(n1(**#n



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"7n&&# int3"c7.t#li., .3"t# $i#8"#&'# 2#n& '3n("(n! A*#n t3t#pi 6il# t3"$#p#t *7'pli*#.i,

'#*# *3l#in#n 2#n& $i$#p#t #$#l#4 .36#&#i 63"i*(t :

#! Bil# $i.3"t#i $3n&#n 6"7n*iti., '#*# 63"c#*563"c#* $i4il(. #*#n 63"t#'6#4

6! Bil# t3"$#p#t *7'pli*#.i 3'pi.3'# =COPD>, '#*# &#'6#"#n "#$i7l(.3n #*#n .3'#*in

63"t#'6#4!

c! Bil# t3"$#p#t *7'pli*#.i, '#*# t3"$#p#t &#'6#"#n in8ilt"#t3p#$# p#"(!

$! D#p#t p(l# '3ni'6(l*#n &#'6#"#n #t3l3*t#.i. l7*#l!

3! Bil# t3"1#$i p3n(7'7ni# '3$i#.tin(', pn3(7'7t7"#*. $#n p3n(7'7p3"i *#"$i(',

'#*# $#p#t $ili4#t 63nt(* &#'6#"#n "#$i7l(.3n p#$# p#"(5p#"(!

%! P3'3"i*.##n t3. *(lit

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'3ni'6(l*#n "3#*.i 2#n& p7.iti8 p#$# #.'#!)! El3*t"7*#"$i7&"#8i

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6#&i#n, $#n $i.3.(#i*#n $3n&#n &#'6#"#n 2#n& t3"1#$i p#$# 3'pi.3'# p#"(, 2#it( :

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6! T3"$#p#tn2# t#n$#5t#n$# 4ip3"t"7pi 7t7t 1#nt(n&, 2#*ni t3"$#p#tn2# RBB =Ri&4t B(n$l3

B"#nc4 Bl7c*>

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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