laporan akhir praktikum pengelasan.docx

7/24/2019 laporan akhir praktikum pengelasan.docx

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LAPORAN AKHIRPROSES PRODUKSI I

PENGELASAN(WELDING)

Disusun Oleh :

Nama :D.ERIANTO SIMANJUNTAK

NIM :12!11"#$2

PROGRAM STUDI S1 TEKNIK MESIN %AKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS RIAU21"


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KATA PENGANTAR

Se&ala 'ui s)u*u+ 'enulis 'ana,*an *e'a-a Tuhan an& Maha Esa/ *a+ena a,as

*asih -an *a+unia0N)a 'enulis -a'a, men)usun La'+an A*hi+ P+a*,i*umPengelasanini.

La'+an ini -iha+a'*an -a'a, -i'e+&una*an a&i 'a+a 'ema3a un,u* memahami

-an mem'elaa+i 'en&e+aan Pen&elasan -an -a'a, meme+i*an &ama+an ,en,an&

seuah ilmu )an& memahas 'en&elasan se+,a memu-ah*an *i,a -alam

mela*u*an '+a,i*um 'en&elasan ini-en&an Mesin Las Lis,+i* SMA4 -an Ase,eline.

Penulis u&a men&u3a'*an ,e+ima*asih *e'a-aDosen pengampu Bapak

Yohanes,ST,.MT danKe'a-a Pa+aAss!en-an Tekns La+a,+ium Te*nl&i P+-u*si

se+,a *e'a-a 'iha*0'iha* )an& meman,u 'en)usun -alam men)elesai*an la'+an ini.

Penulis men)a-a+i ah5a La'+an ini ,i-a* lu'u, -a+i *e*u+an&an -an masih auh

-a+i sem'u+na. Un,u* i,u 'enulis men&ha+a'*an *+i,i* -an sa+an )an& meman&un -a+i

'ema3a un,u* *esem'u+naan la'+an ini *e-e'ann)a. Sem&a la'+an ini -a'a,

meme+i*an man6aa, a&i 'ema3a -an semua 'iha* )an& ,e+lia, -alam 'enulisan

la'+an a*hi+ P+a*,i*umPengelasan ini.A*hi+ *a,a 'en)usun men&u3a'*an

,e+ima*asih.

Pe*ana+u/ 27 N8eme+ 21"

Penulis


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Daftar isi

LAPORAN AK9IR...........................................................................................................1

KATA PENGANTAR.......................................................................................................2

A I...............................................................................................................................1

PENDA9ULUAN...........................................................................................................1

1.1. La,a+ ela*an&.....................................................................................................1

1.2. Tuuan..................................................................................................................1

1.". Man6aa,................................................................................................................11

1.$. Sis,ema,i*a Penulisan La'+an.............................................................................11

A II.............................................................................................................................12

TEORI DASAR...............................................................................................................12

2.1 Pen&e+,ian Las.....................................................................................................12

2.2 Klasi6i*asi ;a+a0;a+a Pen&elasan.........................................................................12

2." Jenis0Jenis Pen&elasan.........................................................................................1"

2.$ Ele*,+-a Las.......................................................................................................""

2.< P+se-u+ -an Pe+sia'an Pen&elasan......................................................................"=

2.# Psisi Pen&elasan.................................................................................................$

2.! Jenis >Jenis Samun&an Las................................................................................$1

2.= Kam'uh Las.........................................................................................................$"

2.7 ;a+a Men)ala*an Las Lis,+i*...............................................................................$()0);

A-a'un a&ian0a&ian u,ama las F)0a3e,)lene a-alah sea&ai e+i*u,:

1. Tab30 GasAcetylene

Km'nen ini e+&una sea&ai ,em'a, 'enam'un&an &as a&e!lene )an&

a*an -i&una*an selama '+ses 'en&elasan/ 6un&si -a+i &as a&e!lene a-alah

sea&ai sume+ ahan a*a+ 'a-a 'en&elasan las o*+a&e!lene.

Gama+ 2# Taun& A3e,)lene

2. Taun& Gas O*si&en

e+6un&si un,u* menam'un& &as *si&en )an& a*an -i&una*an selama

'+ses 'en&elasan/ 6un&si *si&en a-alah un,u* menai**an suhu a'i

'en&elasan *e,i*a e+3am'u+ -en&an &as a&e!lene.


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Gama+ 2! Taun& O*si&en

. R)3(at*r

Re&ula,+ e+6un&si un,u* men&e,ahui ,e*anan isi ,aun& *si&en -an

a&e!lene -an un,u* men&a,u+ ,e*anan *e+a )an& -uu,uh*an.

Gama+ 2.1Re&ula,+

a&ian0a&ian -a+i +e&ula,+ a-alah:

. Manome!e" Tekanan Is

e+6un&si sea&ai ,em'a, 'ema3aan s*ala ,e*anan isi ,aun&.

-. Manome!e" Tekanan e"/a

e+6un&si sea&ai ,em'a, 'ema3aan s*ala 'en&a,u+ ,e*anan *e+a )an&

a*an -i&una*an.

A-a'un 3a+a un,u* me&&una*an +e&ula,+ a-alah sea&ai e+i*u,:

Ka,u' u,ama 'a-a ,aun& *si&en -an a&e!lene -iu*a.

S*ala 'a-a manme,e+ ,e*anan isi a*an nai* men&i*u,i ,e*anan isi

,aun& *si&en -an a&e!lene.

Ka,u' +e&ula,+ -i'u,a+ sea+ah a+um am ma*a s*ala ,e*anan *e+a a*an

nai*.

!. S)(a0 8+ose;


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Selan& (0ose -i&una*an un,u* men&ali+*an &as a&e!lene-an *si&en -a+i

,aun& )an& melalui +e&ula,+ )an& a*an menuu *e se,an& las (!o"&h.

Gama+ 2= Selan& (9se

". S)ta0 Las 8!orch;

Se,an& Las (To"&h e+6un&si sea&ai ,em'a, 'en3am'u+ &as a&e!lene

-en&an &as *si&en/ 'a-a se,an& las ,e+-a'a, *a,u' a&e!lene -an *a,u'

*si&en )an& e+6un&si un,u* men&a,u+ esa+n)a &as )an& a*an -i*elua+*an/

'a-a se,an& las u&a ,e+-a'a, no11le )an& e+6un&si sea&ai ,em'a,

'ema*a+an 3am'u+an &as a&e!lene-an *si&en.

Gama+ 27 Se,an& Las (T+3h

2..#.2 A5i Las OA

N)ala hasil 'ema*a+an -alam las *si0ase,ilen -a'a, e+uah e+&an,un& 'a-a

'e+an-in&an an,a+a &as *si&en -an &as ase,ilenn)a.

ENIS @ENIS API LAS

A-a ,i&a ma3am n)ala a'i -alam las *si0ase,ilen se'e+,i -i,unu**an 'a-a &ama+

-i a5ah :


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a. N>a(a as)ti()0 ()bi9 80>a(a /arb3rasi;

ila ,e+lalu an)a* 'e+an-in&an &as ase,ilen )an& -i&una*an ma*a -i

an,a+a *e+u3u, -alam -an *e+u3u, lua+ a*an ,imul *e+u3u, n)ala a+u

e+5a+na i+u. Di an,a+a *e+u3u, )an& men)ala -an seluun& lua+ a*an

,e+-a'a, *e+u3u, an,a+a )an& e+5a+na *e'u,ih0'u,ihan/ )an& 'anan&n)a

-i,en,u*an leh umlah *eleihan ase,ilen. 9al ini a*an men)ea*an

,e+a-in)a *a+u+isasi 'a-a l&am 3ai+. N)ala ini an)a* -i&una*an -alam

'en&elasan l&am mnel/ ni*el/ e+a&ai enis aa -an e+ma3am0ma3am

ahan 'en&e+asan 'e+mu*aan nn06e+us.

Gama+ " N)ala Ka+u+asi

. N>a(a */si)0 ()bi9 80>a(a */si:asi;

ila &as *si&en leih -a+i'a-a )an& -iu,uh*an un,u* men&hasil*an

n)ala ne,+al ma*a n)ala a'i mena-i 'en-e* -an 5a+na *e+u3u, -alam

e+uah mena-i un&u. N)ala ini a*an men)ea*an ,e+a-in)a '+ses

*si-asi a,au -e*a+u+isasi 'a-a l&am 3ai+. N)ala )an& e+si6a, *si-asi ini

ha+us -i&una*an -alam 'en&elasan 6usin -a+i *unin&an -an 'e+un&&u

namun ,i-a* -ianu+*an un,u* 'en&elasan lainn)a.

Gama+ "1 n)ala O*si-asi

?. N>a(a 0)tra(

N)ala ini ,e+a-i ila 'e+an-in&an an,a+a *si&en -an ase,ilen se*i,a+

sa,u. N)ala ,e+-i+i a,as *e+u3u, -alam )an& e+5a+na 'u,ih e+sina+ -an

*e+u3u, lua+ )an& e+5a+na i+u enin&. O*si&en )an& -i'e+lu*an n)ala ini

e+asal -a+i u-a+a. Suhu ma*simum se,in&&i "" sam'ai "


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Gama+ "2 N)ala Ne,+al

,ara M)0>a(a/a0 Da0 M)mati/a0 A5i Las OA

1. ;a+a Men)ala*an A'i Las Pa-a Las OF)0A3e,)lene :

*a,u' 'a-a ,aun& a3e,)lene -an *si&en.

A,u+ ,e*anan *e+a 'a-a +e&ula,+/ i*a -i'u,a+ sea+ah a+um am ma*a

a*an menai**an ,e*anan/ seali*n)a a*an menu,u' *a,u' 'en&a,u+

,e*anan 'a-a +e&ula,+.

u*a *a,u' a&e!lene'a-a !o"&hse-i*i, saa.

N)ala*an a'i men&&una*an 'eman,i*.

u*a *a,u' *si&en 'a-a ,+3h.

a,u+ a'i 'en&elasan 'a-a *a,u' ,+3h.

2. ;a+a Mema,i*an A'i Las OF)0A3e,)lene.

Tu,u' *a,u' *si&en 'a-a ,+3h hin&&a +a'a,.

Tu,u' *a,u' a3e,)lene 'a-a ,+3h hin&&a +a'a,.

Tu,u' *a,u' 'a-a masin&0masin& ,aun& -an *elua+*an &as sisa )an&

,e+'e+an&*a' -i-alam selan&

2.! E()/tr*:a Las

un&*us (3a,in& ele*,+-e e+6un&si sea&ai 6lu*s )an& a*an ,e+a*a+ 'a-a

5a*,u '+ses e+lan&sun&/ -an &as )an& ,e+a-i a*an melin-un&i '+ses ,e+ha-a'

'an&a+uh u-a+a lua+. ;ai+an 'emun&*us a*an ,e+a'un&-an meme*u 'a-a


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'e+mu*aan las )an& -iseu, sla&/ )an& *emu-ian -a'a, -ie+sih*an -en&an

mu-ah. Ele*,+-a las -a'a, men&hasil*anF0+a) e+*uali,as -en&an 'ene,+asi

me-ia.

Gama+ "" Ele*,+-a Las

Ele*,+-a -ia&i mena-i ee+a'a *lasi6i*asi/ an,a+a lain :

1. E()/tr*:a m)03r3t ba9a00>a

a. Ele*,+-a aa *a+n

. Ele*,+-a aa 'a-uan

3. Ele*,+-a u*an aa (nn 6e++us

Km'sisi ahan ele*,+-a -ie-a*an un,u* -a'a, mem'e+mu-ah memilih

ahan ,amah un,u* men&elas en-a *e+a )an& sesuai -en&an ahan ele*,+-a.

2. E()/tr*:a b)r:asar/a0 f30si0>a

a.Elek!"oda ang ha#s !e"paka %!e"umapan)

Ele*,+-a )an& hais ,e+'a*ai ma*su-n)a a-alah ele*,+-a )an&

hais menu,u'i ahan a,au *am'uh las -alam '+ses las -an u&a &as

)an& *elua+ a*ia, melelehn)a ele*,+-a -an la'isan 'elin-un&

-i&una*an sea&ai 'elin-un& saa, 'en&elasan usu+.

b. Ele*,+-a )an& ,i-a* lan&sun& hais ,e+'a*ai (,un&s,en ele3,+-e ,i-a*

,e+um'an

Ji*a ele*,+-a )an& -i'a*ai e+ahan ,un&s,en/ )ai,u ele*,+-a

)an& memili*i *e,ahanan 'anas )an& ,in&&i ,e+ha-a' suhu las -an

han)a -i&una*an sea&ai usu+ ,e,a' un,u* a+a* ,e+,en,u. Ele*,+-a

ini -i&una*an 'a-a 'en&elasan -en&an me,-e GTA4 (Gas Tun&s,en

A+3 4el-in&.


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. E()/tr*:a m)03r3t (a5isa0 5)(i0:300>a

a. E()/tr*:a b)rba(3t

Ele*,+-a las )an& e+alu, an)a* -i'e+&una*an 'a-a '+ses men&elas

-en&an usu+ n)ala/ -imana alu,an -a+i sua,u *a5a, in,i ele*,+-a ,e+ua, -a+i

ahan > ahan se'e+,i s-a sili*a,/ alumunium sili*a,/ esi man&an/ ,i,an

-i*si-a/ *alsium *a+na, -an sea&ain)a.

b. E()/tr*:a ti:a/ b)rb30/3s 8)()/tr*:a 5*(*s;

Ele*,+-a ini san&a, a+an& -i&una*an *a+ena su*a+ memeliha+a

*es,ailan usu+ n)ala -ian-in&*an -en&an ele*,+-a e+alu,.

Pa-a umumn)a ele*,+-a ini -i&una*an -alam men&&una*an las ,ma,is

*a+ena *am'uh las mem'un)ai ahan 'en&isi ,e+sen-i+i -an 'ema*ainn)a 'a-a

mesin las ,an&an han)a 'a-a mesin las a+us sea+ah )an& -i&una*an un,u*

men&elas en-a *e+a )an& ,i-a* ,e+lalu 'en,in& (e+*uali,as +en-ah se'e+,i :

men&ela 'a&a+/ e+ui en-ela/ -an sea&ain)a.

2.!.1 Simb*( E()/tr*:a :a0 Ma/0a0>aSe3a+a *eselu+uhan/ ele*,+-a -a'a, -i*lasi6i*asi*an menu+u, *lasi6i*asi A4S/

enis ahan 'elin-un&/ 'sisi 'en&elasan )an& sesuai/ -an enis a+us lis,+i*. Un,u*

leih elasn)a -a'a, -iliha, 'a-a ,ale -i a5ah ini:

Gama+ "$ Pen&*-ean Ele*,+-a menu+u, A4S


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Dalam 'enulisan *-e ele*,+-a 'a-a ,ael *lasi6i*asi ele*,+-a/ iasan)a e+isi

ECCCC. Den&an *e,e+an&an sea&ai e+i*u,:

7 E E()/tr*:a

7 CC :3a 93r3f C t)r:)5a0 8CC;menan-a*an *e*ua,an ,a+i* ahan las se,elah

-ilas*an/ misaln)a E#CC e+a+,i ahan ,e+seu, *ua, ,a+i*n)a se,elah -ilas*an

#. 'si/ E!CC e+a+,i ahan ,e+seu, *ua, ,a+i*n)a se,elah !. 'si/ e&i,u

'ula se,e+usn)a.

7 C 93r3f C /)tiamenunu**an 'sisi 'en&elasan )an& ,e'a,. Un,u* an&*a 1

menunu**an leh -i'e+&una*an un,u* semua 'sisi. An&*a 2 menunu**an

han)a isa -i'e+&una*an -en&an 'sisi ,e+,en,u.

, - huru/ - tera$hirmenunu**an enis a+us lis,+i* )an& sesuai -en&an la'isan

ele*,+-an)a.


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Gambar "Klasi6i*asi Ele*,+-a


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Gambar #Tael Ele*,+-a (lanu,an


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Tab() 1Pen&*-ean Ele*,+-a Di&i, Te+a*hi+ A4S

;n,h : E0#1"/ a+,in)a :

o Ke*ua,an ,a+i* minimum -en -e'si, las a-alah #. l?in2a,au $2 *&?mm2

o Da'a, -i'a*ai un,u* 'en&elasan se&ala 'sisi

o Jenis sela'u, ele*,+-a +u,il0*alium -an 'en&elasan -en&an a+us A; a,au

D; a,au D;0

2." Pr*s):3r :a0 P)rsia5a0 P)0)(asa0

2.".1 Pr*s):3r P)0)(asa0

a. Sia'*an ala, -an ahan

. Gama+ *e+a -i'ahami -an -i'elaa+i

3. en-a *e+a -ilu*is men&&una*an mis,a+ aa/ usu+/ -an 'en&&a+is

-. Mesin las -in)ala*an/ -an i*a las ase,elin *a,u' +e&ula,+n)a

-iu*a

e. en-a *e+a -ilas -ia,as mea las sesuai '+se-u+ 'en&elasan

6. e+sih*an *e+a* > *e+a* )an& menem'el 'a-a en-a *e+a a&a+

,e+liha, hasil 'en&elasan men&&una*an 'alu a,au si*a, *a5a,

&. Ma,i*an mesin las

h. Ala, > ala, *e+a -ie+sih*an -an -ile,a**an 'a-a ,em'a,n)a

i. e+sih*an +uan&an

2.".2 P)rsia5a0 P)0)(asa0


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Pe+sia'an umum -alam 'en&elasan meli'u,i 'en)e-iaan ahan/

'emilihan mesin las/ 'enunu*an u+u las/ 'enen,uan ala, 'e+a*i, -an ee+a'a hal

lain)a la&i.

Dalam menen,u*an ala, ala,/ -isam'in& menen,u*an lasn)a i,u sen-i+i

hal )an& u&a ,-a* *alah 'en,in&n)a a-alah 'enen,uan ala, 'e+ai, a,au ala, an,u.

Ala, 'e+a*i, ini a-alah ala, ala, *husus )an& -a'a, meme&an& -en&an *ua, a&ian

a&ian )an& a*an -ilas sehin&&a hasil 'en&elasan mem'un)ai en,u* )an& ,e'a,.

Ja-i 'emilihan ala, an,u )an& ,e'a, a*an menen,u*an *e,eli,ian en,u* a*hi+ -an

a*an men&u+an&i 5a*,u 'en&elasan. Ala, 'e+a*i, -alam 'en&elasan -a'a, -ia&i

-alam -ua *elm'* )ai,u *elm'* )an& meme&an& a&ian0a&ian )an& a*an

-ilas 'a-a ,em'a,n)a sehin&&a memu-ah*an 'en&elasan -an )an& *e-ua a-alah

'eme&an& )an& -a'a, menahan 'e+uahan -a+i en,u* *ns,+u*si.

Pe+sia'an a&ian )an& a*an -ilas :

1. P)rsia5a0 sisi (as

Se,elah 'enen,uan '+ses 'en&elasan ma*a &eme,+i samun&an ha+us

-i,en,u*an -en&an mem'e+ha,i*an ,i&*a,an ,e*ni* -a+i e&ian 'emua,an/

si6a, *eam'uan 'en&e+aan n)a -an *emun&*inan 'en&hema,an )an&a*hi+n)a ,e+,uu 'a-a en,u* alu+.

2. P*sisi 5)0)(asa0 :a0 a(at 5)m)a0

Psisi 'en&elasan )an& ,e+ai* -iliha, -a+i su-u, *5ali,as samun&an -an

e6isiensi 'en&elasan a-alah 'asisi -a,a+/ Ka+ena i,u -alam manen,u*an u+u,an

'e+a*i,an/ lan-asan 'e+a*i,an ala, 'e+a*i, ha+us men&usaha*an seauh

mun&*in men&&una*an 'sisi -a,a+.

". Las i/at :a0 5)ra/ita0

Dalam 'en)e,elan ini se+in& se*ali a&ian a&ian ha+us -ihuun&*an sa,u

sama lain -en&an lasan 'en-e*0'en-e* 'a-a ,em'a, ,em'a, ,e+,en,u )an&

-inama*an las i*a,

$. P)m)ri/saa0 :a0 5)rbai/a0 a(3r

en,u* -an u*u+an alu+ ,u+u, menen,u*an mu,u lasan/ *a+ena i,u 'eme+i*saan

,e+ha-a' *e,eli,ian en,u* -an u*u+an n)a ha+us u&a -ila*u*an 'a-a saa,

seelum 'en&elasan.


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,e+3am'u+ -en&an l&am las -a'a, menimul*an 3a3a, las se'e+,i +e,a*/

luan& halus -an lain sea&ain)a )an& -a'a, mamaha)a*an Peme+sihan)a

)ai,u -en&an 3a+a me*ani* a,au 3a+a *imia.

2.# P*sisi P)0)(asa0

1. P*sisi Diba


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Gambar &Psisi O8e+hea-

2.$ )0is @)0is Samb30a0 Las

1. Samb30a0 T)m3 8B3tt *i0t;

Samun&an sei-an& -i'a*ai ,e+u,ama un,u* men)amun& uun&0uun&

'la, -a,a+ -en&an *e,ealan )an& sama a,au ham'i+ saMa. Keun,un&an u,ama

enis samun&an ini ialah men&hilan&*an e*sen,+isi,as )an& ,imul 'a-a

samun&an le5a,an ,un&&al. Ke+u&ian u,aman)a ialah uun& )an& a*an

-isamun& iasan)a ha+us -isia'*an se3a+a *husus (-i+a,a*an a,au

-imi+in&*an -an -i'e+,emu*an se3a+a ha,i0ha,i seelum -ilas.

Gama+ $ Samun&an Temu

2. Samb30a0 Sisi 8E:) *i0t;Samun&an sisi umumn)a ,i-a* s,+u*,u+al ,e,a'i 'alin& se+in& -i'a*ai

un,u* mena&a a&a+ -ua a,au leih 'la, ,e,a' 'a-a i-an& ,e+,en,u a,au un,u*

mem'e+,ahan*an *eseaa+an (ali&nmen, a5al.


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Gama+ $1 Samun&an Sisi

. Samb30a0 Sa(i0 T3m5a0 8La5 *i0t;

Samun&an le5a,an me+u'a*an enis )an& 'alin& umum. Samun&an ini

mem'un)ai -ua *eun,un&an u,ama:

Mu-ah -isesuai*an. P,n&an ,e+seu, -a'a, -i&ese+ un,u*

men&a*m-asi *esalahan *e3il -alam 'emua,an a,au un,u*

'en)esuaian 'anan&.

Mu-ah -isamun&. Te'i ',n&an )an& a*an -isamun& ,i-a*

meme+lu*an 'e+sia'an *husus -an iasan)a -i',n& -en&an n)ala (a'i

a,au &ese+an

Keun,un&an lain samun&an le5a,an a-alah mu-ah -i&una*an un,u*

men)amun& 'la, )an& ,ealn)a e+lainan.

Gambar !2Samun&an Tum'an&

!. Samb30a0 S3:3t 8,*r0)r *i0t;

Samun&an su-u, -i'a*ai ,e+u,ama un,u* memua, 'enam'an&

e+en,u* *s se&i em'a, se'e+,i )an& -i&una*an un,u* *lm -an al*

)an& memi*ul mmen 'un,i+ )an& esa+.


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Gambar !Samun&an Su-u,

". Samb30a0 T 8T7*i0t;

Jenis samun&an ini -i'a*ai un,u* memua, 'enam'an& en,u*an (uil,0

u' se'e+,i '+6il T/ '+6il 1/ &ela&a+ 'la, ('la, &i+-e+/ 'en&a*u ,um'uan a,au

'en&ua, sam'in& (ea+in& s,i66ene+/ 'en&&an,un&/ *nsl (+a3*e,.

Umumn)a ',n&an )an& -isamun& memen,u* su-u, ,e&a* lu+us.

Gambar !!Samun&an T

2.% Kam539 Las

1. Kam'uh @

Gambar !"Kam'uh @

2. Kam'uh B @


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Gambar !# Kam'uh B @

. Kam539 C

Gambar !$Kam'uh C

$. Kam'uh K

Gambar !%Kam'uh K

". Kam539 D*3b() U

Gambar !&Kam'uh Dule U

#. Kam539 I


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Gambar "'Kam'uh I

2.& ,ara M)0>a(a/a0 Las Listri/

1. Mesin las -ihi-u'*an -en&an men3l*an *ael mesin las 'a-a luan&

3l*an )an& a-a

2. Se,elah hi-u' -an a+us -ialan*an 'asan&*an *lem massa 'a-a en-a

*e+a

". Pasan&*an *a5a, las 'a-a s,an& las

A-a 2 3a+a un,u* men)ala*an usu+ lis,+i* )ai,u sea&ai e+i*u,:

a. Dia>30/a0

Pen)alaan ini -en&an 3a+a men&a)un*an ele*,+-a ,e+ha-a' en-a *e+a.

Gambar "1Pen&a)unan Ele*,+-a

b. Dis)0t39/a0

Pen)alaan ini -en&an 3a+a men)en,uh*an ele*,+-a ,e&a* lu+us ,e+ha-a'

en-a *e+a.


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Gambar "2 Pen)en,uhan Ele*,+-a

2.1' A>30a0 E()/tr*:a

A-a'un enis0enis a)unan ele*,+-a a-alah sea&ai e+i*u,:

1. A(3r S5ira(

Ele*,+-a -i&e+a**an se'e+,i e+en,u* s'i+al ,e+ha-a' en-a *e+a.

Gambar "Alu+ S'i+al

2. A(3r i7a

Ele*,+-a -i&e+a**an e+en,u* i&0a& ,e+ha-a' en-a *e+a.

Gambar "!Alu+ i&0a&

. A(3r M)(i0/ar

Ele*,+-a -i&e+a**an e+en,u* melin&*a+ ,e+ha-a' en-a *e+a -ise'anan&

alu+ )an& a*an -ilas.

Gambar ""Alu+ Melin&*a+

!. A(3r S)itia


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Ele*,+-a -i&e+a**an men)e+u'ai en,u* se&i,i&a ,e+ha-a' alu+ )an& a*an

-ilas.

Gambar "#Alu+ Se&i,i&a

". A(3r Tra5)si3m

Ele*,+-a -i&e+a**an e+en,u* ,+a'esium -ise'anan& alu+ 'en&elasan.

Gambar "$Alu+ T+a'esium

2.11 P)ra(ata0 K)s)(amata0 Da(am P)0)(asa0

e+i*u, ini a-alah 'e+ala,an *eselama,an )an& 5ai -i'a*ai selama'en&elasan :

. Topeng Las

T'en& Las e+6un&si un,u* melin-un&i 5aah -an ma,a 5el-e+ -a+i 'e+3i*an

a'i las se+,a sina+ ul,+a8ile,.

Gambar "%T'en& Las

-. Ap"on

A'+n e+6un&si un,u* melin-un&i ,uuh 'elde"-a+i 'e+3i*an a'i las.


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Gambar "&A'+n

2. Sa"ung Tangan Las

Sa+un& ,an&an las e+6un&si un,u* melin-un&i ,an&an 'elde" -a+i 'e+3i*an

a'i las -an sina+ ul,+a8ile,.

Gambar #'Sa+un& Tan&an Las

3. Sepa!u Sa(e!

Se'a,u sa6e,) e+6un&si un,u* melin-un&i *a*i 'elde"-a+i'e+3i*an a'i las/

a+us lis,+i* -an en-a e+a, se+,a ,aam.

Gambar #1Se'a,u Sa6e,)

4. a&ama!a Las

Ka3ama,a las e+6un&si un,u* melin-un&i ma,a -a+i 'e+3i*an un&a a'i -an

un,u* memu-ah*an 'elde"un,u* meliha, 3ai+an l&am las.


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Gambar #2Ka3ama,a Las

2.12 ,a?at Las

1. P*r*sit>

Po"os!a-alah 3a3a, las )an& -isea*an a-an)a &as )an& -i-alam l&am

lasan/ 3a+a men&a,asin)a a-alah -en&an meme+sih*an -ae+ah 'en&elasan

-an menu+un*an *e3e'a,an 'en&elasan.

Gambar #P+si,)

2. S(a I0?(3si*0

Slag In&luson a-alah 'en&,+ -a+i ,e+a*? *,+an ,e+a*/ 3a+a men3e&ahn)a

a-alah -en&an meme+sih*an mani* las seelum mela*u*an 'en&elasan

la'isan e+i*u,n)a.

Gambar #!Sla& In3lusin

. I0?*m5()t) F3si*0

In&omple!e 5uson a-alah 'en3ai+an )an& ,i-a* sem'u+na -a+i mani* las/

'en3e&ahann)a a-alah e+sih*an -ae+ah lasan -an la*u*an '+e0hea,in&.


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Gambar #"In3m'le,e %usin

!. I0?*m5()t) P)0)trati*0

In&omple!e Pene!"a!on a-alah *e-alaman 'enemusan l&am las *u+an&

-alam? ,i-a* sem'u+na/ 3a+a men3e&ahn)a a-alah -en&an menu+un*an

*e3e'a,an 'en&elasan.

Gama+ ## In3m'le,e Pene,+a,in

2.1 L*am

ahan ,e*ni* -a'a, -i&ln&*an -alam *elm'* l&am -an u*anl&am. Selain -ua *elm'* ,e+seu, a-a *elm'* lain )an& -i*enal

-en&an nama me!alod (men)e+u'ai l&am )an& seena+n)a ,e+masu*

ahan u*an l&am. L&am -a'a, -i&ln&*an mena-i -ua )ai,u:

1. L&am %e++ :ai,u l&am )an& men&an-un& esi(%e.

2. L&am nn %e+ : ai,u l&am )an& ,i-a* men&an-un& unsu+e esi

(6e.

L*am mam53 (as)ai,u *emam'uan 8ahan l&am un,u* -a'a,

-ilas/ ,an'a men&alami 'enu+unan si6a, > si6a, )an& -imili*in)a se3a+a

e+leihan. Se-an&*an (*am ti:a/ mam53 (asme+u'a*an l&am )an&

memili*i *emam'uan lasn)a +en-ah a,au ,i-a* -a'a, -ilas/ )an& -en&an

mu-ah men&alami 'e+uahan si6a,


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2.1! Pa0as - H)at I053t

In'u, 'anas a-alah esa+n)a ene+&i 'anas ,ia' sa,uan 'anan& las *e,i*asume+ 'anas e+&e+a*. In'u, 'anas (9/ -in)a,a*an -en&an 'e+samaan sea&ai

e+i*u, :

9 H

P

V HEI

V

-imana/

9 : Masu*an 'anas (J?m

P : Tena&a in'u, (5a,,

E : P,ensial lis,+i* (8l,

I : A+us lis,+i* (am'e+

8 : Ke3e'a,an Las (m?s

In'u, 'anas u&a mem'en&a+uhi en,u* 'enam'an& lin,an& lasan %#ead on pla!e

)an& meli'u,i esa+n)a 'e+mu*aan l&am in-u* )an& men3ai+/ 'e+mu*aan ahan 'en&isi

-an 9A.

%un&si u,ama sume+ 'anas 'a-a las 3ai+ ((uson 'eldng a-alah un,u*

men3ai+*an l&am/ )an& mem'un)ai -ua 'en&a+uh/ )ai,u 'a-a 'emen,u*an s,+u*,u+

mi*+ las -an u&a menimul*an si*lus ,e+mal -ae+ah lasan )an& masin&0masin& a*an

-ielas*an sea&ai ei*u,.

2.1" P)r9it30a0 K)/3ata0 Samb30a0 Las

Pen&uian samun&an las sama halnn)a -en&an 'en&uian l&am. Se3a+a umum

,e+a&i a,as 2 ma3am )ai,u :

1. Tes, Des,+u3,i8e

A-alah 'en&uian )an& me+usa* en-a ui -en&an meme+i 'emeanan

s,a,i3 a,au'un -)nami3 ,e+ha-a' en-a ui/ se'e+,i : 'en&uian ,a+i*/ ui

*e*e+asan/ ui im'a3, -an lainn)a.

2. Tes, Nn Des,+u3,i8e

A-alah 'en&uian ,an'a me+usa* en-a ui/ se'e+,i : Pen&ama,an s,+u*,u+

mi*+ en-a ui/ 'en&ama,an si6a, 6isi* en-a ui.


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2.1" Dasar ta0:a P)0)(asa0

Siml0siml *husus )an& -i&una*an 'a-a &ama+ un,u*

menen,u*an mana lasan ha+us ,e+le,a*/ enis e+sama )an& a*an -i&una*an/

se+,a u*u+an -an umlah l&am las ha+us -i-e'si,*an -i sen-i. Siml0siml

ini ,elah -is,an-a+-isasi leh 4el-in& S3ie,) Ame+i*a (A4S. Dasa+ ,an-a

'en&elasan -i,unu**an 'a-a &ama+ :

Siml las me+uu* 'a-a siml un,u* enis las ,e+,en,u/ se'e+,i 6ille,/ alu+/

'e+mu*aan/ 'lu& -an sl, )an& me+u'a*an semua enis las. Siml -asa+

'en&elasan -i,unu**an 'a-a &ama+ -ia5ah ini.

Gambar #%Dasa+ siml las.

Gambar 67Dasar tanda pengelasan


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BAB III

ALAT DAN BAHAN

.1 A(at

.1.1 Las Listri/ SMA

e+i*u, a-alah ala, ala, )an& -i&una*an -alam '+a*,i*um 'en&elasan SMA4 ini/ )ai,u :

1. Sa,u uni, Mesin las lis,+i*

Gambar #&Mesin Las Lis,+i*

2. Se,an& Las

Gambar $'Pene'i, Ele*,+-a

". Kael Las Lis,+i*

Gambar $1Kael Las Lis,+i*

$. Klem Massa


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Gambar $2Klem Massa

7A?)t>(i0) )(:i0 8OA;

Gambar 75Penggores


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A-a'un ala, )an& -i&una*an 'a-a '+a*,i*um 'en&elasan OA4 an,a+a

lain :

1. Taun& a&e!lene

Gambar $# Taun& a3e,)lene

2. Taun& *si&en

Gambar $$Taun& O*si&en

". T+3h

Gambar $%T+3h

$. Re&ula,+


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Gambar $&Re&ula,+


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Gambar %Palu Te+a*

7. Kun3i Pas

Gambar %!Kun3i Pas

1. Kain La'

Gambar %"Kain La'

.1. A(at P)r()0/a5a0 K)s)(amata0 K)r4a


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1. T'en& las

Gambar %#T'en& Las

2. Mas*e+

Gambar %$Mas*e+

". Sa+un& ,an&an

Gambar %%Sa+un& Tan&an

$. A'+n

Gambar %&A'+n

.2 Ba9a0


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.2.1 Las Listri/ SMA

A-a'un ahan )an& -i&una*an -alam '+a*,i*um Las Lis,+i* SMA4 a-alah :

. Pla, aa

Gambar &'en-a *e+a

". Ele*,+-a

Ele*,+-a )an& -i&una*an a-alah : R 2# E #1"

Gambar &1Ele*,+-a R 2# E#1"

.2.2 Las O=>7A?)t>(i0) )(:i0 8OA;

< mm1 mm


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A-a'un ahan )an& -i&una*an 'a-a las OA4 a-alah sea&ai e+i*u, :

1. Pela, aa Se,eal 1 mm

Gambar &2-imensi 'ela, aa

2. . Ka5a, las

Di&una*an sea&ai ahan 'en&isi 'a-a '+ses 'en&elasan.

Gambar &Ka5a, Las

BAB IV


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PEMBAHASAN

ANALISA

!.2.1 A0a(isis P)0)(asa0 :)0a0 SMA

e+i*u, a-alah &ama+ hasil 'en&elasan SMA4 )an& *ami la*u*an :

A-a'un e+i*u, analisis )an& -a'a, -iamil a-alah :

1. A+us 'en&elasan e+'en&a+uh 'a-a 'en&e+aan las/ saa, mela*u*an

'en&elasan 'en&&unaan a+us ha+us -isesuai*an ,e+ha-a' *e,ealan

en-a *e+a/ A+us 'en&elasan )an& ,e+lalu esa+ men&a*ia,*an

en-a *e+a e+luan&.

2. Ke,e+am'ilan -a+i san& '+a*,i*an -alam mela*u*an 'en&elasan

san&a, 'en,in& un,u* men-a'a,*an hasil en-a *e+a )an& a&us -an

lu+us.

". Te+a* Las ha+us se&e+a ha+us -i'as,i*an e+sih/ a'aia ,e+a* las ,i-a*

e+sih a*an men&a*ia,*an la'isan +i&i las a*an susah len&*e, 'a-a

l&am lasan mau'un l&am in-u*.

$. Ge+a*an 'en&elasan ha+us *ns,an (,e*anan 'en&elasan/ a+a*

'en&elasan/ a'aila &e+a*an 'en&elasan ,i-a* *ns,an a*an

men&a*ia,*an hasil 'en&elasan )an& ,i-a* +a,a -an hasiln)a lm'a,0

lm'a,.

7A?)t>(i0)

A-a'un analisis 'a-a 'en&elasan OF)0 A3e,eline a-alah sea&ai e+i*u, :


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1. Ke,e+am'ilan san&a, -iu,uh*an -alam mela*u*an 'en&elasan ase,eline/

*a+ena iasan)a las OF)0A3e,)line -ila*u*an un,u* en-a *e+a )an&

san&a, ,i'is. Pen&elasan )an& ,e+lalu 3e'a,/ isa men&a*ia,*an ele*,+-a

a,au 'un en-a *e+an ,i-a* masa* a,au meleleh -an leih mu-ah le'as.

2. Saa, 'en&elasan se+in& ,e+a-i le,u'an 'a-a uun& nle/ hal i,u

-isea*an leh Uun& nle )an& *,+/ leh sea i,u uun& nle

'e+lu -ie+sih*an -en&an men&&una*an si*a, *a5a,.

". Gas a3e,)lene )an& ,e*anann)a ham'i+ hais men&a*ia,*an hasil +i&i0

+i&i las mena-i ele*.

$. Peme+ian ahan ,amah )an& ,e+lalu an)a* men&a*ia,*an +i&i las

mena-i ,eal sehin&&a susah un,u* -ileleh*an *emali.


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A-a'un 'e+hi,un&an -a+i las lis,+i* SMA4 a-alah sea&ai e+i*u, :

P H 1 mm

L H

H=P

V=

E x I

V

V=p

t=

350mm

17 detik=0,0205m /s

H=P

V=220

V x60

A

0,0205 m/ s =643,9 kJ/m

PROSEDUR KERA


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A:a530 5r*s):3r /)r4a :ari 5ra/ti/3m (as (istri/ sma< :a0 *a< s)baai b)ri/3t

Las Listri/ 8SMA;

A-a'un '+se-u+ *e+a 'a- alas lis,+i* SMA4 a-alah:

a Sia'*an ala, -an ahan )an& meli'u,i 'la, aa/ ele*,+-a / 'alu/ mesin las

se+,a mea las.

9i-u'*an mesin las -en&an memu,a+ sa*la+ 'a-a a&ian ela*an& mesin

3 A+us )an& -i&una*an D; -a+i 'anel a+us A; -i+uah *e D; melalui ,+a6

las

- Pilih a+us # am'e+e

e Pla+i,as D;RP;

6 Pasan&*an *lem massa 'a-a *a,u 'si,i6 -an s,an& las 'a-a *a,u ne&a,i6

& Le,a**an en-a *e+a 'a-a mea *e+a )an& ,elah -isia'*an.

h Guna*an helem las a,au *a3a ma,a las

i Pasan&*an ele*,+-a 'a-a se,an& las

La*u*an 'en&elasan sesuai ins,+u*si -a+i asis,en a,au 'en&a5as

* Ma,i*an mesin lasl Gulun& *ael las

m e+sih*an +uan&an *e+a

n Kemali*an ala, > ala, 'a-a ,em'a,n)a

!.1.2 Las O=i7 A?)t)(i0) )(:i0 8OA;

1. Ala, -an ahan -isia'*an.

2. Se,,in& ,e*anan *e+a.


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a. Ka,u' &as *si&en -an a3e,)lene 'a-a ,+3h -iu*a sehin&&a &as )an&

,e+'e+an&*a' -i-alam selan& -a'a, *elua+.

. Ka,u' &as *si&en -an a3e,)lene 'a-a ,+3h -i,u,u'.

3. Ka,u' u,ama 'a-a ,aun& *si&en -an a3e,)lene -iu*a.

-. Ka,u' +e&ula,+ *si&en -iu*a -an -ia,u+ 'a-a ,e*anan 2< 'si -an

un,u* a3e,)lene -iu*a -an -ia,u+ 'a-a ,e*anan < 'si.

". Men)ala*an A'i Las

a. Ka,u' a3e,)lene 'a-a ,+3h -iu*a.

. A'i 'a-a 'eman,i* -in)ala*an 'a-a uun& nle ,+3h.

3. Ka,u' *si&en 'a-a ,+3h -iu*a 'e+lahan0lahan hin&&a men3a'ai

3am'u+an a'i ne,+al.

$. Mema,i*an A'i Las

a. Ka,u' *si&en 'a-a ,+3h -i,u,u' +a'a,.

. Ka,u' a3e,)lene 'a-a ,+3h -i,u,u' +a'a, hin&&a a'i 'a-a uun& nle

'a-am.


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1. Ala, -an ahan -isia'*an.

2. Seelum 'e*e+aan -imulai sia'*an -an 'e+i*sa ala, u,ama -an semua 'e+ala,an

an,un)a.

". Guna*an Ala, 'elin-un& )an& ,elah -ise-ia*an/ se'e+,i *a3a ma, alas/ a'+n/

mas*e+ -an ,'en& ,ua.

$. 9uun&*an Kael 'a-a se,an& las -an *ael 'a-a *elem masaa *e mesin Las.

Gambar &! (a *i+i 'ene'i, ele*,-a -an ( *anan *lem massa


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Gama+ 7# S'esimen Las SMA4

=. . Se,elah -ilas uan& *e+a* > *e+a* 'en&elasan -en&an men** a&ian )an&

-i las men&&una*an 'alu a&a+ hasil lasan ,e+liha,

7. Din&in*an en-a *e+a


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!.2.2 Las O=i A?>t)(i0) )((:i0 8OA;

a Ala, -an ahan -isia'*an.

Seelum 'e*e+aan -imulai sia'*an -an 'e+i*sa ala, u,ama -an semua

'e+ala,an an,un)a.

3 Guna*an Ala, 'elin-un& )an& ,elah -ise-ia*an/ se'e+,i *a3a ma,a alas/

a'+n/ mas*e+ -an ,'en& ,ua.

- Kael 'a-a se,an& las -ihuun&*an *e *u,u ne&a,i8e mesin las.

e u*a *+an 'a-a ,aun& *si&en /*+an 'a-a +e&ula,+ -i 'as,i*an ,e+,u,u'

-en&an ,e*anan 2Psi

6 u*a *+an +e&ula,+ 'a-a +e&ula,+ *si&en -an a&e!lenesam'ai -en&an

,e*anan *e+a sam'ai


67/69

* en-a *e+a -ile,a**an 'a-a mea *e+a.

l La*u*an 'en&elasan men&i*u,i &a+is )an& a-a sean)a* " &a+i 'e+,ama

,an'a men&&una*an ahan 'en&isi.

Gambar &%s'esimen OA4

m La*u*an 'en&elasan men&i*u,i &a+is )an& a-a sean)a* < &a+is *e-ua

men&&una*an ahan 'en&isi.

n Din&in*an en-a *e+a.


68/69

BAB V

PENUTUP

KESIMPULAN

Pen&elasan a-alah '+ses 'en)amun&an -ua a,au leih l&am -en&an sume+

'anas. Pa-a 'en&elasan memu,uh*an *eahlian -an *e,e+am'ilan se+,a

'en&alaman un,u* mem'e+leh hasil 'en&elaasan )an& ai*. Dalam 'en&elasan

memu,uh*an 'en&a,u+an a+us 'en&elasan/ ele*,+-a/ -an su-u, 'en&elasan se+,a

enis a'i )an& -i&una*an ha+us -isesuai*an 'a-a 'en&elasan a5

SARAN

Pa*ailah 'e+len&*a'an *eselama,an *e+a seelum mela*u*an 'en&elasan.

Pas,i*an lin&*un&an se*i,a+ an-a mela*u*an 'en&elasan ,i-a* a-a e* )an&

mu-ah ,e+a*a+ -an mele-a*.


69/69

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. .9. Ams,ea-/ Philli' %. Os,5al-/ M)+n L. e&eman/ Manu(a&!u"ng

P"o&esses/ Se8en,h E-i,in/ Jhn 4ile) Sns In3./ Ne5 +*/ 17!7.

2. %lemin&s/ M.;.Sold(&a!on P"o&essng/ Ne5 +* : M3G+a509ill/ 17!$,

". 9a+sn 4i+)suma+,/ Tshie O*umu+a/ Teknolog Pengelasan Logam/

;e,a*an Keenam/ PT P+a-n)a Pa+ami,a/ Ja*a+,a/ 177$.

3. Kal'a*ian/ Manu(a&!u"ng Engnee"ng and Te&hnolog/ Thi+- E-i,in/

A--isn04esle) Pulishin& ;m'an)/ Ne5 +*/ 177

laporan akhir praktikum pengelasan.docx

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