draft poster 2011 gusti rusmayadi

8/3/2019 Draft Poster 2011 Gusti Rusmayadi

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2011I-MHERE FACULTY OF BIOLOGYINDONESIA-MANAGING HIGHER EDUCATION UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA

FOR RELEVANCE AND EFFICIENCY

The Application of Comfort Index for Growth and Development of endemic orchids

(Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume Forma Pelaihari)in Green-House Covered with

Insect Proof Net

GUSTI RUSMAYADI1, Hj. RODINAH1 AND HERI SUJADMIKO2

1 Fakulty of Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat2 Fakulty of Biology, University of Gadjah Mada

SUMMARY

Comfort environment condition will influence on orchid flowering, the using of comfort index as indicator for

determination artificial environment is suitable or not for orchids. The greenhouse covered with insect proof

net is designed from the viewpoint of physically controlling the environment of production. Phalaenopsis

amabilis (L.) Blume Forma Pelaihari each ten is placed inside greenhouse on mango and coffee media to

observation. The roof was placed net with radiation penetration about 25%. The net radiation for mango

medium is Rn = -539 Wm-2. The net radiation for coffee medium is Rn = -541 Wm -2. It indicate that coffee

media has low temperature rather than mango media. After 6 month in greenhouse, orchid that was placed on

mango media can make stem of flower about 23 cm with rate about 1.4 cm per days and have 3 nodes. The

climatic space is suitable for orchid to growth and development. The others are to reform stem of flower not

only climatic space but also media temperature too.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

This research have goals, that are (i) to application comfort index to orchid in green house covered

with insect proof net (ii) to see growth and development orchids in artificial environment (green

house), (iii) orchids capability make stem and flower.

RESEARCH METHODS

Methods. At the center of the greenhouse, 2.0 m away from the corner and 1.2 m from the floor, and the

outside greenhouse meteorological instrument are installed and weather measured, that are air temperature in

C, relative humidity in %, radiation in Wm-2

unit and media temperature in C. Those climate are measuredby a thermo-hygrometer recorder and solar-meter recorded typeTR-72S. Media temperature is measured by

soil thermometer Weeksler type. Growth and development of orchid were observation every day and week.

The net radiant flux density (per unit projected area) for a small, horizontally above the ground is

where Loe is the long-wave emittance for each side of the object, L iu

and Lid are the long-wave irradiances for the up- and down-facing surface, and a s and aL are short- and long-

wave absorptivities. Fluxes are taken as positivie in the direction away from the heat exchange surface.


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RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Climate-graph showed that growth and development orchid in greenhouse to suitable to growth and

development orchid like in naturally habitat (Figure1). Relative humidity in greenhouse on July (dry season) is

down to close by 60%. After 6 month in greenhouse, orchid that was placed on mango media can make stem

of flower. The early research founded (Rusmayadi et

al., 2010) that the suitable region for optimal long ofblossom (LB) and sum of blossom (JB) and sum of fruit

(SF) are the region that has average temperature

between 27.527.9 and average relative humidity

between 77.585.9%. Blanchard & Runkle (2006) said

the inhibition of flowering when the day temperature

was 29 C and the night temperature was 17 C or 23C suggests that a warm day temperature inhibits flowerinitiation in Phalaenopsis.

Although climate space

is the same to orchid to growth and development but media temperature isdifferent (Figure 2). In the frame is comfort condition. The outside comfort

frame condition is very hot, very cold, very wet, and very dry.

Average temperature on mango and coffee media are

26.6C and 26.4C, respectively. Coffee mediatemperature that lowest may be caused of has been stable

bark, crack and thin slot, hard periderm and not sap. The

net radiation to the mango media is Rn = -539 Wm-2

.

While, the coffee media is Rn = -541 Wm-2

(Figure 3).

Coffee media more need radiant energy to get it capacity

than mango media. Root length growth rate of mango and

coffee media are 1.3 cm (y = -0.0773x2 + 4.031x - 50.76) and 1.1 cm (y

= -0.0051x2 + 0.2205x - 1.0678) per weeks, respectively. The high

media temperature determined root capacity to get water. Water

absorption can increase if root zone temperature is high. So, orchid that

replaced on mango media not only have root that was more length but

also can make stem of flower. The new stem was appeared after 147

days after planting.

CONCLUSION

The climatic space is suitable for orchid to growth and development. Stem of flower is reform not only

determined by climatic space and media type but also media temperature is important.

Stem of flower Meteorology instrument Media temp. instrument Orchids on coffee media

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

270 280 290 300 310

Temperature(C)

Julian date

Mango medium

Coffee medium

14.015.016.017.018.019.020.021.022.023.024.025.026.027.028.029.030.031.032.033.0

34.035.0

50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0

Temperature(oC)

Relative Humidity (%)

Pelaihari

Loksado

Banjarmasin

Greenhouse

VERY WET

VERYH

OT

VERY DRY

VERYCOLD

Sd Sp

St

Loe

Liu

LoeLid

Mango bark Coffee bark


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draft poster 2011 gusti rusmayadi

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