Structure I6th Class : 6th of April 2014

Adrian Budianto

Universitas Terbuka Korea Selatan

adrian.budianto@gmail.com

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Class 6

Modul 9 Simple Past Past Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Progressive

Simple Past Tense

e.g. I went to office yesterday.

now

past future

Simple Past Tense

Fungsi ContohMenyatakan kegiatan yang dimulai dan diakhiri pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau, walaupun pembicara tidak menyebutkan waktunya

Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.

Biasanya diikuti keterangan waktu I played football last week.

S + V2

Simple Past Tense

Pola Contoh

PositiveS + V2S + was/were + adj/adv/noun

I cooked fried rice this morning.I was late this morning

NegativeS + did not + V1S + was/were not + adj/adv/noun

I didn’t cook fried rice this morning.I was not late this morning.

QuestionDid+ S + V1 ….?Was/Were + S + adj/adv/noun ….?

Wh-Question + did + S + V1?Wh-Question + was/were + S + adj?

Did you go to the library?Were you tired yesterday?

What did you do last night?Who was late this morning?

Did not didn’tWas not wasn’tWere not weren’t

Past Continuous

e.g. She was talking on the phone.

now

past future

Past Continuous

Fungsi ContohMenyatakan suatu kejadian yang berlangsung beberapa saat (waktunya biasanya tidak ditentukan) di masa lampau.

He was sleeping.They were playing football.

S + was/were + Ving

Past Continuous

Pola Contoh

PositiveS + was/were + Ving They were cooking.NegativeS + was/were not + Ving I was not driving.QuestionWas/Were + S + Ving….?

Wh-Question + was/were + S + Ving?

Were you sleeping?

Who was laughing just now?

Was not wasn’tWere not weren’t

Past Continuous + Past Tense

Dalam kalimat, disatukan dengan Past Tense untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian terjadi di saat kejadian lain-nya berlangsung (kedua kejadiannya di masa lampau)

Contoh I was sleeping when he came to my house. While I was sleeping, he came to my house.

I was sleeping

now

past future

he came to my house

While vs When

When + Past tense I was sleeping when he came to my house.

While + Past Continuous While I was sleeping, he came to my house. I was sleeping while my sister was cleaning the house.

Past Perfect

now

past future

Britney arrived

Jennifer called me

Britney had arrived when Jennifer called me

Past Perfect

Fungsi ContohMenyatakan suatu kejadian telah terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lampau.

When I arrived at home, the thief had broken into my house.

Dapat menyatakan sebab akibat apabila digabungkan dengan simple past tense

He passed the exam because he had studied very hard.

S + had + V3

Past Perfect

Pola Contoh

PositiveS + had + V3 She had finished her homework before

she went shopping.NegativeS + had not/hadn’t + V3 I had not eaten. I was very hungry this

morning.QuestionHad+ S + V3….?

Wh-Question + had + S + V3?

Had you finished your homework before you went shopping?

Who had finished the homework before weekend?

Present Perfect vs Past Perfect

Present Perfect Past Perfect

Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan sebelum saat ini.

Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan sebelum masa lampau.

Jane eats lunch

12 PM

Jane is not hungry

1 PM

Jane said: “I am not hungry, I have already eaten my lunch.

4 PM

Jane said: “I was not hungry (at 1 PM), I had already eaten my lunch.

Kejadiannya terjadi (mulai) dimasa lalu

Jane was not hungry

Past Progressive vs Past Perfect

Past Progressive Past Perfect

7 – 7.30 AM : eating breakfast7.15 AM : Someone knock the door

7 – 7.30 AM : eating breakfast7.45 AM : Someone knock the door

8 AM : “I was eating my breakfast when someone knocked the door.”

8 AM : “I had eaten my breakfast when someone knocked the door.

Kejadian 1 masih berlangsung ketika kejadian 2 terjadi

Kejadian 1 sudah selesai ketika kejadian 2 terjadi

Past Perfect Progressive

now

past future

She looked exhausted because she had been running for 10 kilometers.

Running for 10 km

Look exhausted

Past Perfect Progressive

Fungsi Contoh

Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang terjadi di masa lampau dan terus berlangsung pada masa lampau.

She looked very tired because she had been running.

Menyatakan berapa lama suatu kejadian telah berlangsung sebelum kejadian sebelumnya terjadi.tense

We had been playing the game for 2 hours when our mother came.

S + had been + Ving

Past Perfect Progressive

Pola Contoh

PositiveS + had been + Ving She had been studying for 20 hours.NegativeS + had not been + Ving He had not been sleeping before QuestionHad+ S + been + Ving….?

Wh-Question + had + S + been + Ving?

Had you been running before you came here?How long had you been studying Korean before you came here?

Past Perfect Progressive vs Past Progres-sive

Past Perfect Progressive Past Progressive

5 – 7.45 : raining8 AM: get up8.05 AM : look out the window

5 – 8.30 : raining8 AM: get up8.05 AM : look out the window

1 PM: “When I got up this morning, I looked out the window. It had been raining”

1 PM: “When I got up this morning, I looked out the window. It was raining”

now

past future

now

past future