sistem pendukung keputusan identifikasi penyakit … · mendiagnosa suatu gejala penyakit akibat...
TRANSCRIPT
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SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN IDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT AKIBAT GIGITAN NYAMUK MENGGUNAKAN METODE
DECISION TREE
TUGAS AKHIR
Sebagai Persyaratan Guna Meraih Gelar Sarjana Strata 1 Teknik Informatika Universitas Muhammadyah Malang
Oleh:
NENY YUNIARTI
201010370311428
JURUSAN TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADYAH MALANG 2015
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LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN IDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT AKIBAT GIGITAN NYAMUK MENGGUNAKAN METODE DECISION TREE
TUGAS AKHIR
Sebagai Persyaratan Guna Meraih Gelar Sarjana Strata 1 Teknik Informatika Universitas Muhammadyah Malang
Menyetujui,
Pembimbing I
(Ilyas Nuryasin M.Kom)
(NIDN: 0723118601)
Pembimbing II
(Nur Hayatin S.ST)
(NIDN: 0726038402)
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LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:
Nama : Neny yuniarti
Tempat / Tgl Lahir : Malang, 22 Juni 1992
NIM : 201010370311428
Fakulats / Jurusan : Teknik / Teknik Informatika
Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa Tugas Akhir dengan judul “SISTEM PENDUKUNG
KEPUTUSAN IDENTIFIKASI PENYAKIT AKIBAT GIGITAN NYAMUK MENGGUNAKAN
METODE DECISION TREE” beserta seluruh isinya adalah karya saya sendiri dan bukan
merupakan karya tulis orang lain, baik sebagian maupun keseluruhan, kecuali dalam
bentuk kutipan yang telah disebutkan sumbernya.
Demikian surat pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenar-benarnya. Apabila
kemudian ditemukan adanya pelanggaran terhadap etika keilmuan dalam karya saya ini,
atau ada klaim dari pihak lain terhadap keaslian karya saya ini maka saya siap
menanggung segala bentuk resiko/sanksi yang berlaku.
Malang, Januari 2015
Yang Membuat Pernyataan
(Neny Yuniarti)
Mengetahui,
Pembimbing I
(Ilyas Nuryasin M.Kom)
Pembimbing II
(Nur Hayatin S.ST)
(NIDN: 0723118601) (NIDN: 0726038402)
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KATA PENGANTAR
Alhamdulillahirabbilalamin, puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT atas
limpahan rahmat dan hidayah-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan dengan
baik tugas akhir yang berjudul:
“SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN IDENTIFIKASI
PENYAKIT AKIBAT GIGITAN NYAMUK MENGGUNAKAN METODE
DECISION TREE”
Pada tugas akhir ini, membahas tentang mengidentifikasi atau
mendiagnosa suatu gejala penyakit akibat gigitan nyamuk dengan menggunakan
metode decision tree. Sehingga dari gejala-gejala yang telah diinputkan dapat
menghasilkan suatu kesimpulan nama penyakit yang diderita berserta berbagai
informasi yang dibutuhkan mengenai penyakit tersebut.
Penulis menyadari bahwa tugas akhir ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan. Oleh
sebab itu penulis mengharapkan masukan berupa saran maupun kritik yang
membangun untuk pengembangan dari tugas akhir ini kedepannya.
Akhir kata penulis berharap semoga tugas akhir ini dapat bermanfaat dan menjadi
tambahan ilmu pengetahuan. Tak lupa penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua
pihak yang telah membantu hingga tugas akhir ini terselesaikan.
Malang, Januari 2015
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Judul ...................................................................................................... i
Lembar Persetujuan .............................................................................................. ii
Lembar Pengesahan .............................................................................................. iii
Lembar Pernyataan ............................................................................................... iv
Abstrak ................................................................................................................. v
Abstract ................................................................................................................. vi
Lembar Persembahan ............................................................................................ vii
Kata Pengantar ..................................................................................................... ix
Daftar Isi .............................................................................................................. x
Daftar Gambar ...................................................................................................... xiv
Daftar Tabel .......................................................................................................... xvi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ...................................................................................... 3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................ 3
1.4 Batasan Masalah ......................................................................................... 3
1.5 Metodologi ................................................................................................ 4
1.5.1 Studi Pustaka .................................................................................. 4
1.5.2 Analisa Masalah .............................................................................. 4
1.5.3 Rancangan Sistem dan Implementasi ............................................. 4
1.5.4 Analisa Hasil ................................................................................... 4
1.5.5 Penulisan Laporan .......................................................................... 4
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................. 5
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ........................................................................... 6
2.1 Nyamuk ..................................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 Jenis Nyamuk ................................................................................. 6
2.1.1.1 Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti ................................................... 6
2.1.1.2 Nyamuk Anopheles .......................................................... 8
2.1.1.3 Nyamuk Culex sp .............................................................. 11
2.1.1.4 Nyamuk Mansonia ............................................................ 12
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2.2 Penyakit Akibat Gigitan Nyamuk .............................................................. 13
2.2.1 Malaria ........................................................................................... 13
2.2.2 Demam Berdarah ........................................................................... 17
2.2.3 Demam Chikungunya .................................................................... 19
2.2.4 Demam Penyakit Kuning ............................................................... 22
2.2.5 Penyakit Kaki Gajah ...................................................................... 23
2.3 Sistem Pakar ............................................................................................... 26
2.3.1 Keuntungan Sistem Pakar .............................................................. 27
2.3.2 Kelemahan Sistem Pakar ............................................................... 27
2.3.3 Alasan Pengembangan Sistem Pakar ............................................. 27
2.3.4 Modul Penyusun Sistem Pakar ...................................................... 28
2.3.5 Struktur Sistem Pakar .................................................................... 29
2.3.6 Teknik Representasi Pengetahuan ................................................. 30
2.3.7 Permasalahan yang Disentuh oleh Sistem Pakar ........................... 31
2.4 PHP ............................................................................................................. 32
2.4.1 Hubungan PHP dengan HTML ...................................................... 32
2.4.2 Kelebihan PHP ............................................................................... 33
2.4.3 PHP dan MySQL ........................................................................... 33
2.5 Decision Tree ............................................................................................... 34
2.5.1 Entropy dan Information Gain ....................................................... 34
2.5.2 Kelebihan dan Kelemahan Decision Tree ...................................... 35
2.5.3 Perhitungan Klasifikasi Atribut ..................................................... 36
BAB III ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN SYSTEM ................................. 38
3.1 Analisa Sistem ............................................................................................ 38
3.1.1 Analisa Kebutuhan .......................................................................... 42
3.1.1.1 Analisa Kebutuhan Proses ................................................ 42
3.1.1.2 Analisa Kebutuhan Input .................................................. 43
3.1.1.3 Analisa Kebutuhan Output ............................................... 43
3.1.2 Analisa Aplikasi ............................................................................. 44
3.1.2.1 Use Case Diagram ............................................................ 44
3.1.2.2 Activity Diagram .............................................................. 45
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3.1.2.3 Sequence Diagram ............................................................ 57
3.1.3 Analisa Pohon Keputusan ............................................................... 67
3.1.4 Perangkat Lunak yang Digunakan .................................................. 68
3.1.5 Perangkat Keras yang Digunakan ................................................... 68
3.2 Perancangan Sistem .................................................................................... 69
3.2.1 Perancangan Data ........................................................................... 69
3.2.2 Perancangan Aplikasi ..................................................................... 70
3.2.2.1 Flowchart .......................................................................... 70
3.2.2.2 Class Diagram .................................................................. 71
3.3 Perancangan Antar Muka ........................................................................... 72
3.3.1 Desain Interface Tampilan Awal ................................................... 72
3.3.2 Design Interface Login Admin ....................................................... 73
3.3.3 Design Interface Halaman Administrasi ........................................ 73
3.3.4 Design Interface Diagnosa (Admin) .............................................. 74
3.3.5 Design Interface Administrasi Data Kriteria .................................. 76
3.3.6 Design Interface Administrasi Informasi Penyakit ......................... 76
3.3.7 Design Interface Administrasi Pencegahan .................................... 77
3.3.8 Design Interface Administrasi Pengobatan .................................... 77
3.3.9 Design Interface Diagnosa (User) ................................................. 78
3.3.10 Design Interface Informasi Penyakit .............................................. 79
3.3.11 Design Interface Pencegahan .......................................................... 80
3.3.12 Design Interface Pengobatan ......................................................... 80
3.3.13 Design Interface Buku Tamu .......................................................... 81
BAB IV IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN ............................................. 82
4.1 Implementasi Perangkat Lunak .................................................................. 82
4.2 Implementasi Aplikasi ................................................................................ 83
4.2.1 Tampilan Aplikasi .......................................................................... 83
4.2.2 Implementasi Diagnosa Menggunakan Decision Tree ................... 87
4.2.3 Implementasi Diagnosa Penyakit pada Aplikasi ............................ 88
4.3 Pengujian Fungsional ................................................................................. 89
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4.3.1 Pengujian Fitur Perangkat Lunak ................................................... 89
4.3.2 Pengujian Diagnosa ........................................................................ 91
BAB V PENUTUP .............................................................................................. 107
5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 107
5.2 Saran ........................................................................................................... 107
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 108
LAMPIRAN
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti ............................................................. 6
Gambar 2.2 Nyamuk Anopheles .................................................................... 8
Gambar 2.3 Nyamuk Culex sp ....................................................................... 11
Gambar 2.4 Nyamuk Mansonia ..................................................................... 12
Gambar 2.5 Decision Tree ............................................................................. 37
Gambar 3.1 Use Case Aplikasi ...................................................................... 45
Gambar 3.2 Activity Diagram Login Admin ................................................. 46
Gambar 3.3 Activity Diagram Edit Kriteria .................................................. 47
Gambar 3.4 Activity Diagram Edit Informasi Penyakit ................................ 48
Gambar 3.5 Activity Diagram Edit Pencegahan ............................................ 49
Gambar 3.6 Activity Diagram Edit Pengobatan ............................................ 50
Gambar 3.7 Activity Diagram Diagnosa (Admin) ........................................ 51
Gambar 3.8 Activity Diagram Buku Tamu .................................................... 52
Gambar 3.9 Activity Diagram Diagnosa (User) ............................................ 53
Gambar 3.10 Activity Diagram Informasi Penyakit ........................................ 54
Gambar 3.11 Activity Diagram Pencegahan .................................................... 55
Gambar 3.12 Activity Diagram Pengobatan .................................................... 56
Gambar 3.13 Sequence Diagram Login Admin ............................................... 57
Gambar 3.14 Sequence Diagram Edit Kriteria ................................................ 58
Gambar 3.15 Sequence Diagram Edit Informasi Penyakit .............................. 59
Gambar 3.16 Sequence Diagram Edit Pencegahan ......................................... 60
Gambar 3.17 Sequence Diagram Edit Pengobatan .......................................... 61
Gambar 3.18 Sequence Diagram Diagnosa (Admin) ...................................... 62
Gambar 3.19 Sequence Diagram Diagnosa (User) .......................................... 63
Gambar 3.20 Sequence Diagram Buku Tamu ................................................. 64
Gambar 3.21 Sequence Diagram Informasi Penyakit ...................................... 65
Gambar 3.22 Sequence Diagram Pencegahan ................................................. 66
Gambar 3.23 Sequence Diagram Pengobatan ................................................. 66
Gambar 3.24 Hasil Decision Tree .................................................................... 67
Gambar 3.25 ERD Aplikasi ............................................................................. 69
Gambar 3.26 Flowchart Aplikasi ..................................................................... 70
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Gambar 3.27 Class Diagram Aplikasi ............................................................ 71
Gambar 3.28 Desain Interface Tampilan Awal .............................................. 72
Gambar 3.29 Desain Interface Login Admin .................................................. 73
Gambar 3.30 Desain Interface Halaman Administrasi ................................... 73
Gambar 3.31 Desain Interface Halaman Awal Diagnosa (Admin) ................ 74
Gambar 3.32 Desain Interface Halaman Input Gejala .................................... 74
Gambar 3.33 Desain Interface Halaman Data hasil Diagnosa ........................ 75
Gambar 3.34 Desain Interface Halaman Data Pasien ..................................... 75
Gambar 3.35 Desain Interface Administrasi Data Kriteria ............................. 76
Gambar 3.36 Desain Interface Administrasi Informasi Penyakit ................... 76
Gambar 3.37 Desain Interface Administrasi Pencegahan .............................. 77
Gambar 3.38 Desain Interface Administrasi Pengobatan ............................... 77
Gambar 3.39 Desain Interface Halaman Awal Diagnosa (User) .................... 78
Gambar 3.40 Desain Interface Halaman Diagnosa ......................................... 78
Gambar 3.41 Desain Interface Halaman Data Hasil ....................................... 79
Gambar 3.42 Desain Interface Informasi Penyakit ......................................... 79
Gambar 3.43 Desain Interface Pencegahan .................................................... 80
Gambar 3.44 Desain Interface Pengobatan ..................................................... 80
Gambar 3.45 Desain Interface Buku Tamu .................................................... 81
Gambar 4.1 Tampilan Home Aplikasi .......................................................... 83
Gambar 4.2 Tampilan Menu Diagnosa ......................................................... 83
Gambar 4.3 Tampilan Menu Data Hasil ....................................................... 84
Gambar 4.4 Tampilan Menu Informasi Penyakit ......................................... 84
Gambar 4.5 Tampilan Isi Menu Informasi Penyakit .................................... 85
Gambar 4.6 Tampilan Menu Pencegahan ..................................................... 85
Gambar 4.7 Tampilan Menu Pengobatan ..................................................... 86
Gambar 4.8 Tampilan Menu Administrator ................................................. 86
Gambar 4.9 Tampilan Home Aplikasi .......................................................... 87
Gambar 4.10 Implementasi Nilai Diagnosa .................................................... 88
Gambar 4.11 Implementasi Perhitungan Diagnosa ........................................ 89
Gambar 4.12 Hasil Decision Tree ................................................................... 90
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Perbedaan Sistem Kovesional VS Sistem Pakar ........................ 28
Tabel 3.1 Nama Gejala ............................................................................... 39
Tabel 3.2 Nama Penyakit ........................................................................... 40
Tabel 4.1 Contoh Gejala Pasien ................................................................. 87
Tabel 4.2 Pengujian Fitur Umum Perangkat Lunak .................................. 90
Tabel 4.3 Diagnosa Pasien Berdasarkan Keterangan Dokter ..................... 92
Tabel 4.4 Pengujian Diagnosa ................................................................... 94