PRESENT PARTICIPLE

Participle: Kata kerja yang telah dikata-sifatkan, dan berfungsi sebagai kata sifat yang memberi sifat kepada noun.Present Participle: Kata kerja + ing

- mengandung arti aktif- menunjukkan waktu sekarang.

PENGGUNAAAN 1. Digunakan sebagai adjective, diletakkan didepan kt. benda yang mendapatkan keterangan sifat

itu; sebagaimana kt. sifat biasa.Contoh:a. The poor boy is swept by rushing water.b. He opened the envelope with trembling hand.c. Suddenly he was surrounded by ten laughing little boy.d. In the distance we saw a running horse.

2. Digunakan sebagai adjective, bisa juga di letakkan dibelakang kata benda yang mendapat keterangan sifat itu, apabila diiringi oleh kata-kata lain; maka participle dan kata-kata yang mengiringinya itu serupa dengan anak kalimat keterangan sifat.Contoh:a. The Chinese people is the largest community in the world possesing a common

written language.(The Chinese people is the largest community in the world which posses a common written language)

b. At last we come at a small village lying to the north of theriver Brantas.(At last we come at a small village which lies to the north of theriver Brantas)

3. Bila ada peristiwa yang mempunyai 2 subjek yang sama dan terjadi pada waktu yang bersamaan, salah satu dari keduanya dapat dituliskan dalam present participle.Contoh:a. He rode away. He whisled as he went.

= = = He rode away whistling.b. When I was walking to school. I saw him there.

= = = Walking to school, I saw him there.c. They were happy. They were traveling in Bali

= = = They were happy traveling in Bali.4. Bila ada suatu peristiwa yang segera diikuti oleh peristiwa lainnya; dan hal itu dilakukan oleh

subjek yang sama, maka peristiwa yang pertama sering diungkapkan dengan present participle.Contoh:a. He opened the drawer and took out a revolver.

= = = Opening the drawer he took out a revolver.b. She raised the trap door and painted to a flight of steps.

= = = Raising trap door and painted to a flight of steps.c. We take of our shoes we creep cautiously along passage.

= = = Taking of our shoes wecreep cautiously along passage.5. Bila peristiwa yang kedua merupakan bagian dari peristiwa yang pertama atau merupakan hasil

dari peristiwa sebelumnya, maka peristiwa kedua dapat diungkapkan dlm bentuk present participle.Contoh:a. She went out, slamming the door.b. He tried, wounding one of the bandits.c. I feel, Striking my head against the door and cutting it.

6. Present participle dapat juga menggantikan :as/ since/ after/ because/ + S+V

Contoh:a. Not knowing what to do, I telephoned the poice.

= = = (because I didn’t know what to do ............)b. Putting down my newspaper, I walked over to the window and looked out.

= = = (After I had put down my news paper..............)c. Fearing that the poice recognise him, He never went out in day light.

= = = (As/ because he feared ................)

EXCERCISE

I. Change the following sentences into present participle construction.

1. We found many leaves. The leaves fell down onto the ground.2. The volunteers helped the farmers. The farmers fought against pests.3. Members of the neighbourhood could only look at their houses. The

houses burned down.4. We sent her a letter by post. The letter told her about the accident.5. Do you know the person in that corner? Person reads a newspaper.6. Because they arrived late, they had to report to the teacher on picket.7. When we talked about cultures, we can see that we have more

Similarities than the differences.8. Since the driver didn’t know the way, she stopped and asked about the

direction.9. After we learn about cultural differences, we are more willing to

tolerate.10.As she cycled along the street, she notice people throwing garbage

out of car windows.

II. Complete the statement by using present participle or past participle.

● frightened/frightening1. The man had a _____________ thought.

● Embarrassed/embarrassing2. Don’t be _____________

● Tired/tiring3. The sheriff is so _____________ that he fell asleep.

● Challenging/challenged4. Mr. Chandra often feels happy at work because his job is _________.

● Confused/confusing5. I’m sorry. I’m _________.

● Terrified/terrifying6. The lady had a ________ experience.

● Interested/interesting7. I am really _________ in what you’ve just said.

● satisfied/satisfying/8. The food in Nice Food restaurant is ________.

● boring/bored9. Listening to a long speech is ________.

● surprised/surprising10. I am _________ hearing the news about her.