present patah
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 1/44
![Page 2: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 2/44
![Page 3: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 3/44
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
JENIS KECEDERAAN
DEFINISI PATAH
tulang yang retak atau patah
satu kecederaan atau keretakan yang
disebabkan oleh daya hentaman
secara tepat atau tidak tepat
terputus kesinambungan tulang
KLASIFIKASI PATAH
P%*%+ Te$)&'%
P%*%+ Te$*&*&.
tiada luka
tidak terdedah kepada udara luar.
tidak mencederakan tisu-tisu
mempunyai luka
terdedah kepada udara luar.
mencederakan tisu, otot
menembusi kulit
![Page 4: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 4/44
![Page 5: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 5/44
JENIS KECEDERAAN
JENIS/ JENISPATAH
Patah Remuk / Berkecai
(Comminuted)
Patah Melintang / Melintang
(rans!erse)
Patah ebu ("reen #tick) Patah erpusing (#piral)
Patah $esung (%mpacted)Patah #erong (&bli'ue)
Patah Tebu (reen Stick)
epatahan separa di mana tulang patah
dan membengkok
arah tidak mengalir keluar
Patah yang tidak berpisah kerana
tulangnya masih lembut
#elalu ter*adi kepada kanak-kanak atau
bayi.
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 6: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 6/44
JENIS KECEDERAANPatah Serong (!bli"ue)
epatahan yang bersudut ta*am
yang disebabkan dari hentakan
kuat secara tiba-tiba.
Patah #elintang $ #elintang
(Trans%erse)
epatahan yang mendatar atau
merentas disebabkan oleh
akti!iti yang sangat lasak.
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 7: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 7/44
JENIS KECEDERAAN
Patah Terpusing (Spiral)
Patah &esung (Impacted)
Patah yang tulangnya cucuk-mencucuk antarasatu sama lain.
epatahan yang ter*adi akibat ter*atuh dari
tempat yang tinggi dan terpecah dari pelbagai
sudut.
epatahan yang disebabkan dari
daya putaran yang kuat dan
menghasilkan kepatahan seperti
+spring.
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 8: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 8/44
JENIS KECEDERAAN
Patah Remuk $ Berkecai('omminuted)
epatahan tulang yang
men*adi serpihan kecil akibat
dari impak yang sangat kuat.
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 9: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 9/44
SUKAN TERLIBAT
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
BOLA SEPAK
![Page 10: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 10/44
SUKAN TERLIBAT
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 11: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 11/44
SUKAN TERLIBAT
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
ANGKAT BERAT
![Page 12: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 12/44
SUKAN TERLIBAT
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
RAGBI
![Page 13: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 13/44
![Page 14: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 14/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
R%,%*%n 'e.%*%+%n1.Konse!"#$% 0*%n.% .e)e#%+%n
2 #%n !e"%$% &e'(e)"*"n
![Page 15: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 15/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Un*&' $%,%*%n !e"%$% +onse!"#$% %*& s$'en %*%& ,-"s#$n’
#.%!%n-'%n .%#% %n--4*% .%*%+5
#&% !en# 6%n- +%.$ #en-%n .%*%+ !e(%(&n6% *&$&*)$$''o($/$s"s$+"n &n*&' *e.4+ )e$n--&/n--& %*%&)e$)&(%n/)&(%n
In en6e)%)'%n 'e#&%/#&% !en# )e$+%.$%n '%,%!%n.%*%+ en7%# +e0"n )"n s+" )$e"++"n
P(%!*e$ 49 P%$! 0POP/ K%(!& !&(9%*5 7&-% #'en%( !e)%-%P(%!*e$ P%$! 0POP5 )%+%n )4 6%n- #-&n%'%n &n*&''e"&"#+"n *&(%n-
I% %#%(%+ )%+%n -e&"# #e"$ 6%n- )4(e+ e$%.%*'%n*&(%n- 6%n- .%*%+ !e)e(& !e)e(& .$4!e! .en-e(&%$%n S49*
"%((&! 6%n- %'%n en6%)&n- 'e)%( *&(%n- *e$!e)&* S49*C%((&! %(%+ K%(&! (e)&* 6%n- *e$+%!( e(%(& .$4!e! '%#%n e*%)4(" )e)e$%.% +%$ !e(e.%! *&(%n- $4!%'
![Page 16: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 16/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Sen %*%& "%!*; !e(%(&n6%#*%n--%('%n #%$ %n--4*% .%*%+se(e/' #/"n &"#"* se'(*!e.en&+n6% &n*&' en-e(%' !en#
%n--4*% *e$"e#e$% en7%# '%'&
![Page 17: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 17/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
R%,%*%n *%n.% .e)e#%+%ne)%)*'%n .$4!e! %n.&(%!*&(%n- 6%n- .%*%+ 'e.%#%
'e#&#&'%n %!%( #%n !en POP %*%&<)e$-(%!! #.%!%n- 'e.%#% %n--4*%*e$)%)* &n*&' 'ene/"+ #/"n
"n &"#"* (ee"+ 'e*'%*e.4+ !e)&+
![Page 18: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 18/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
R%,%*%n !e"%$% &e'(e)"*"n e)%)*'%n .en--&n%%n .(%n#%(%%n !e.e$* $4#5 .(%* #%n !'$&5 #%n% *&(%n- .%*%+ )$s"'(n+"n 4(e+ $4# %*%& .(%* %*%& .(%n (&%$%n!e.e$* .n #%n ,%6%$ #.%!%n- .%#%!e$.+%n *&(%n- .%*%+ e(%(&
*e)&'%n .%#% '&(* #%n -e-e(%n-%*%& $4# #!%)&n-'%n 'e.%#% .n%*%& ,%6%$ )e$'en%%n
![Page 19: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 19/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Pe)e#%+%n %'%n #(%'&'%n .%#% 7en!/7en! 9$%'*&$ *e$!e)&*:
!e$.+%n *&(%n- 6%n- 6%n- #$)"+(o/e* )$s"'(n #en-%n!e.&$n%
9$%'*&$ 6%n- e()%*'%n sen)$
9$%'*&$ 6%n- e.&n6% /+"
![Page 20: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 20/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
JENIS PEMBEDAHAN
In#en"/ $4"#$on / .e)e#%+%n
.(%n )%- 'e'("$+$ Jen!/7en! %(%* 6%n- #-&n%'%n :#%(% '%e#%+ n %(%+ ,%6%$5 .(%*e!5$4#5 .n5 .%'&5 #%n !'$& 6%n-#-&n%'%n #%(% )%#%n &n*&''eno+on *&(%n- I% #)&%*#%$.%#% +e//$ *%+%n '%$%* %*%&
**%n&
![Page 21: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 21/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
E4#en"/ $4"#$on / .e)e#%+%n6%n- #-&n%'%n &n*&''ens#"($/+"n #$s #/"n 6%n-
(e)&* .%#% *e.4+ #%$.e)e#%+%n %*%& 'e"e#e$%%n&*%% A(%*/%(%* 6%n- )4(e+
#-&n%'%n &n*&' '%e#%+ $%,%*%nE=*e$n%( F=%*4n %#%(%+ !e.e$*!"+%n> .n5 "4nne"*n- $4# #%n
Pen-%.* 0"(%.!
![Page 22: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 22/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 23: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 23/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 24: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 24/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 25: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 25/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 26: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 26/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Ke.%*%+%n *&(%n- !e(%(&n6% !e)&+#%(% *e.4+ e'&"# *$n" en"''$n5 *e*%. !e!e*en-%+n6% )4(e+
en-%)( %!% (e(/"n5(/"n5)e$-%n*&n- .%#% #"*"&+e-e)e""n #%n )%-%%n% %$%+%n
&e'/$*"n %*%& e*"($/$#"s$ #'&*
![Page 27: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 27/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Re+%)(*%! *e$%!&' (%*+%n &n*&'?e'!)(*5 'e!e)%n-%n #%n'e'&%*%n #%n 'e&#%n
&en$n+"#"n "+#$!$#$ se-""(e&e$n+"# &e$n+"#. Te$%.<>'%( %(%+ '%e#%+ 6%n- #.(+ &n*&'
+e'("/$ (es+"n #en-%n!e(%%*
![Page 28: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 28/44
KAEDAH RAWATAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 29: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 29/44
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
P$n!.(%*+%n
Me%n%!'%n )%#%n
An!&$ %7&
A'*@*
Ke!e(%%*%n'e&#%+%n #%n
.e$%(%*%n
'e&#%+%n #%n.e$%(%*%n
![Page 30: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 30/44
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Pe(%'!%n%%n .$n!. .en"e-%+%n
# #%(% '*%$%n 'e"e#e$%%n
Menguasaiteknik yang betul
Menguasaikomponenkecergasan
spesiik
Menggunakankemudahan dan
pakaian yang
sesuai
Peraturan danpenguatkuasaanundang-undang
Pengurusanmosi
Pendekatanra0atankecederaan
![Page 31: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 31/44
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Penambahan beban senaman secara beransur-ansur
empoh latihan - Berlatih pada paras yang bolehdilakukan dan *angan berlatih hingga badan men*adi
terlalu letih.
1 empoh masa yang sesuai adalah 2 hingga 2 *am 34 minit
sehari.
%ntensiti
Moti!asi
Pengkhususan - #enaman yang dipilih haruslah
khusus dan sesuai untuk mencapai tu*uan dan ob*ekti Relaksasi - apat mengurangkan ketegangan atau
kelesuan
Rutin
![Page 32: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 32/44
![Page 33: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 33/44
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
T&7&%n / !e#%'%n 4*4*/4*4* &n*&'
e(%'&'%n %'*@* !e*e$&!n6% Me.e$!%.'%n #$ e.%e$'%n
'e%+$%n5 e(4n--%$'%n 4*4*/4*4*
#%n !en#/!en# 6%n- *e-%n- #%nen"e$-%!'%n $e%'! %*%& $e?e'%*(e*/%*(e*
![Page 34: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 34/44
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Men-%n#&n- (%*+ *&) !e"%$%
)e$%n!&$/%n!&$ )%- en6e#%'%n%*(e* !&.%6% 'e)%( )e$%'!
F%e#%+ %n!&$ %7& :
e&(+'%n 'e"e#e$%%n enn-'%*'%n .e$'e)%n-%n
enn-'%*'%n 'e6%'n%n #$
![Page 35: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 35/44
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
T&7&%n :
en--e(%''%n 'e"e#e$%%n Menn--'%n !&+& )%#%n #en-%n )e$(%$
.e$(%+%n/(%+%n %*%& 74--n-5 e(&n7&$5)e$(%$ .e"&*5 !en%%n '+&!&!5 e(+
.e$%n%n 6%n- !e!&% 'e.%#% 'e)4(e+%n%*(e* #%n en-%7%$ 'e%+$%n %!%!
G C G
![Page 36: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 36/44
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
Be$(%'& !e'$%nn6% -e(%n--%n- %*%&'e&#%+%n .e$%(%*%n *#%' !e.&$n% #%n*#%' en-'&* .%,%%n 6%n- *e(%+#*e*%.'%n
Ke%#%%n #!e'e((n-
-e(%n--%n-5.%#%n- #%n #e,%n
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
![Page 37: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 37/44
LANGKAH PENCEGAHAN
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
e(n#&n- #$%n--4*% )%#%n #%$!e)%$%n- 'e"e#e$%%n
A(%*%n .e$(n#&n-%n #$ %#%(%+!e)%+%-%n #%$.#% .e$%*&$%n
Pen-&%*'&%!%%n .e$%*&$%n %'%n
en7%n %+( !&'%n en#%.%*'e"e#e$%%n 6%n- n& !e'$%n6%)e$(%'&
BUKTI KES
![Page 38: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 38/44
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
BUKTI KES
BUKTI KES
![Page 39: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 39/44
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
BUKTI KES
![Page 40: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 40/44
BUKTI KES
![Page 41: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 41/44
BUKTI KES
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
BUKTI KES
![Page 42: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 42/44
BUKTI KES
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
![Page 43: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 43/44
SEKIAN SAHAJAPERSEMBAHAN
KAMI
Te$% K%!+
PJM3182 KECEDERAAN SUKAN
GAMBAR PATAH
![Page 44: Present Patah](https://reader031.vdokumen.com/reader031/viewer/2022021112/55cf92b1550346f57b98cbae/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
7/21/2019 Present Patah
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/present-patah 44/44
GAMBAR PATAH