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PERENCANAAN KAPAL BULK CARRIER 16000 DWT DENGAN
KECEPATAN 13 KNOT RUTE
PELABUHAN TANJUNG PERAK SURABAYA – PELABUHAN
TRISAKTI BANJARMASIN
SKRIPSI
GILANG PRIAMBADA RAMADHAN
NRP : 1510313028
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
2019
PERENCANAAN KAPAL BULK CARRIER 16000 DWT DENGAN
KECEPATAN 13 KNOT RUTE PELABUHAN TANJUNG PERAK
SURABAYA – PELABUHAN TRISAKTI BANJARMASIN
SKRIPSI
Diajukan Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Memperoleh Gelar
Sarjana Teknik
GILANG PRIAMBADA RAMADHAN
1510313028
UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL “VETERAN” JAKARTA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PERKAPALAN
2019
PERANCANGAN KAPAL BULK CARRIER 16.000 DWT
DENGAN KECEPATAN 13 KNOT RUTE SURABAYA –
BANJARMASIN
Gilang Priambada Ramadhan
Abstrak
Kapal kargo curah atau kapal bulker adalah kapal untuk dagang yang dirancang
untuk mengangkut kargo curah atau tanpa kemas. Dikatakan curah karena cara
meletakkan muatan dengan cara mencurahkan/menuangkan butiran/biji-bijian.
seperti contoh batu bara, semen, biji-bijian, bijih logam, dan sebagainya di dalam
rongga-rongga kargo yang terpisah. Pada penelelitian ini direncanakan desain
lambung kapal. Ukuran utama kapal didapatkan dengan metode regresi yang
didasarkan pada data kedua kapal pembanding dari Bereau Veritas untuk
mendapatkan ukuran utama yang kemudian dilakukan pembuatan rencana garis,
rencana umum, analisis hidrostatik, analisa stabilitas dan analisa. Dan dihasilkan
ukuran utama kapal rancangan, yaitu dengan panjang kapal keseluruhan ( LOA ) = 135,86 , panjang kapal (LPP)= 127.34m , Lebar kapal (B)= 22,028m, Tinggi kapal (H) = 11,41m Sarat kapal (T) = 8,45m Kecepatan Kapal (Vd)= 13 knot
Kata Kunci : Kapal bulk carrier, Kargo curah, Ukuran utama
vi
DESIGN OF 16,000 DWT BULK CARRIER SHIP WITH
SPEED OF 13 KNOT ROUTES SURABAYA – BANJARMASIN
Gilang Priambada Ramadhan
Abstract
Bulk cargo ships or bulker vessels are trading vessels designed to transport bulk
cargo or without containers. It is said to be bulk because of how to put the load by
pouring / pouring grain / grain. such as coal, cement, seeds, metal ores, etc. in
separate cargo cavities. In this study planned the hull design of the ship. The main
size of the vessel is obtained by a regression method based on the data of the two
comparison vessels from Bereau Veritas to obtain the main size which is then
carried out by making a line plan, general plan, hydrostatic analysis, stability
analysis and analysis. And produced the main size of the design ship, namely with
the overall length of the ship (LOA) = 135.86, the length of the ship (LPP) =
127.34m, the width of the ship (B) = 22.028m, height of ship (H) = 11.41m
Loaded ship (T) = 8,45m Ship Speed (Vd) = 13 knots
Keywords: Bulk carrier ship, bulk cargo, main size
vii
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji dan syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan Rahmat dan
Hidayah-Nya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan proposal skripsi dengan judul
“PERANCANGAN KAPAL BULK CARRIER 16.000 DWT DENGAN
KECEPATAN 13 KNOT RUTE PELABUHAN TANJUNG PERAK SURABAYA –
PELABUHAN TRISAKTI BANJARMASIN”, ucapan terimakasih terutama kami
tunjukan kepada :
1. Bapak Jooned Hendrarsakti, Ph.D selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta
2. Bapak Purwo Joko Suranto, ST, MT selaku Kepala Program Studi Teknik
Perkapalan Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta
3. Bapak Drs. Bambang Sudjasta, ST, MT selaku dosen pembimbing 1 atas ilmu,
masukan serta satan yang bermanfaat dan selalu sabar dalam proses
membimbing.
4. Bapak Ir. Amir Marasabessy, MT selaku dosen pembimbing 2 atas ilmu,
masukan serta satan yang bermanfaat dan selalu sabar dalam proses
membimbing.
5. Kedua Orang Tua yang selalu memberikan semangat dan masukan masukan
serta motivasi untuk membuat proposal skripsi ini, serta semua orang yang
sayang terhadap penulis.
6. Abang, Adik serta Teman Angkatan 2015 MARITIM yang selalu
menyemangati dan menghibur serta semua pihak yang telah membantu baik
secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dalam penulisan proposal skripsi ini
Penulis Menyadari bahwa Proposal Skripsi Perancangan Kapal ini masih banyak
terdapat kekurangan dari segi penyajian materi maupun sistematika penulisan yang
disebabkan keterbatasan penulis sebagai manusia.
ix
Semoga Proposal Skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi penulis dan rekan-
rekan Mahasiswa Perkapalan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pembangunan Nasional
“Veteran” Jakarta.
Jakarta, 1 Agustus 2019
Penulis
Gilang Priambada Ramadhan
x
DAFTAR ISI
PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ............................................................................ ii
PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ...................................................... iii
PENGESAHAN PEMBIMBING............................................................................... iv
PENGESAHAN PENGUJI ........................................................................................ v
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ vi
ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. vii
KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................. viii
DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. x
DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................... xv
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................. xvii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................. xxi
DAFTAR NOMENKLATUR .................................................................................... xxii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 2
1.3. Tujuan Penulisan ..................................................................................... 3
1.4. Ruang Lingkup ........................................................................................ 3
1.5. Jenis Kapal Dan Muatan Yang Diangkut ................................................ 3
1.6. Sistematika Penulisan .............................................................................. 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1 Perkembangan Kapal Bulk Carrier ............................................................ 5
2.2 Karakteristik Kapal Bulk Carrier .............................................................. 5
2.3 Jenis Bulk Carrier ...................................................................................... 7
2.4 Jarak Jelajah .............................................................................................. 8
2.5 Data Pelabuhan .......................................................................................... 8
2.5.1 Tanjung Perak Surabaya ............................................................... 8
2.5.2 Trisakti Banjarmasin ..................................................................... 11
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2.6 Formula Dan Teori Perancangan ............................................................... 13
BAB III METODE PERANCANGAN
3.1 Metode Penelitian ....................................................................................... 15
3.2 Diagram Alur Perancangan ........................................................................ 16
3.2.1 Tujuan Perencanaan Kapal ........................................................... 17
3.2.2 Tinjauan Umum Perancangan ....................................................... 17
3.2.3 Perancangan Awal ......................................................................... 17
3.2.4 Data Kapal Pembanding ................................................................ 17
3.2.5 Koreksi Pra-Rancangan ................................................................. 17
3.2.6 Jika Tidak Sesuai ........................................................................... 17
3.2.7 Jika Sesuai ..................................................................................... 17
3.2.8 Perencanaan Utama ....................................................................... 18
3.2.9 Pembuatan Rencana Garis, Kurva Hidrostatik Dan Bonjean ........ 18
3.2.10 Hambatan, Propulsi Dan Daya Mesin ........................................... 18
3.2.11 Rencana Umum ............................................................................. 18
3.2.12 Tonage Dan Lambung Timbul ..................................................... 18
3.2.13 Capacity Plan ................................................................................. 19
3.2.14 Stabilitas Dan Trim ........................................................................ 19
3.2.15 Floodable Lenght ..........................................................................19
3.2.16 Kontruksi ......................................................................................19
3.2.17 Kekuatan .......................................................................................20
3.2.18 Peluncuran .................................................................................... 20
3.2.19 Kesimpulan Hasil Rancangan Kapal ............................................. 20
3.3 Data Kapal Pembanding ............................................................................ 20
3.4 Perancangan Awal ...................................................................................... 22
3.5 Prosedur Penentuan Ukuran Utama ............................................................ 22
3.6 Tinjauan Kapal Pembanding ...................................................................... 23
3.7 Menentukan Ukuran Utama ........................................................................ 23
3.7.1 Mencari Displacement ................................................................ 23
3.7.2 Mencari LPP (Panjang Antar Garis Tegak) ................................ 24
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3.7.3 Mencari LOA (Panjang Seluruhnya) .......................................... 24
3.7.4 Mencari LWL (Panjang Garis Air) .............................................. 25
3.7.5 Mencari CB (Koefisien Block) .................................................... 25
3.7.6 Mencari Sarat Air (T) Atau Draft (d) .......................................... 26
3.7.7 Mencari Lebar Kapal (Breadth) ................................................... 26
3.7.8 Mencari Tinggi Kapal H (Height) ............................................... 27
3.7.9 Mencari Koefisien Tengah Kapal (CM) ...................................... 27
3.7.10 Mencari Koefisien Bidang Garis Air (CW) ................................. 28
3.7.11 Koefisien Prismatik Atau Prismatic Coefficient (Cp) ................. 28
3.7.12 Hasil Hitungan Pokok (Ukuran Utama) ...................................... 29
3.8 Koreksi Perancangan ................................................................................... 29
3.9 Merencanakan DWT & LWT ..................................................................... 33
3.9.1 Perhitungan LWT ......................................................................... 33
3.9.2 Perhitungan DWT ........................................................................ 36
4.1 Perancangan Kapal .................................................................................... 42
4.2 Rencana Garis (Lines Plan) ...................................................................... 42
4.2.1 Pengertian Rencana Garis .......................................................... 42
4.2.2 Pembuatan Curve Section Area (Ldisplacement) ...................... 43
4.2.3 Pembuatan Curve Section Area (LPP) ....................................... 49
4.2.4 Pembuatan A/2T dan B/2 ........................................................... 54
4.2.5 Pembuatan Linggi Haluan dan Buritan ...................................... 59
4.2.6 Pembuatan Body Plan ................................................................ 61
4.2.7 Pembuatan Halfbreadth Plan ...................................................... 63
4.2.8 Penggambaran Halfbreadth Plan ................................................ 64
4.2.9 Pembuatan Sheer Plan ................................................................ 66
4.3 Perhitungan Hidrostatik Dan Bonjean ........................................................ 67
4.3.1 Perhitungan Hidrostatik ............................................................. 67
4.3.2 Kurva Bonjean…......................................................................103
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
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4.4 Hambatan, Propulsi dan Daya Mesin….....................................................115
4.4.1 Perhitungan Hambatan..............................................................103
4.4.2 Daya Mesin...............................................................................132
4.4.3 Propulsi Kapal...........................................................................103
4.5 Perhitungan Rencana Umum.....................................................................153
4.5.1 Definisi Rencana Umum..........................................................153
4.5.2 Crew Kapal Dan Pembagiannya..............................................154
4.5.3 Perhitungan LWT.....................................................................156
4.5.4 Perhitungan DWT....................................................................160
4.5.5 Perhitungan Berat Muatan Bersih (Payload)...........................166
4.5.6 Perhitungan Konstruksi............................................................166
4.6 Perhitungan Konstruksi..............................................................................198
4.6.1 Perkiraan Beban…………………………...............................198
4.6.2 Perhitungan Plat Geladak Kekuatan Dan Plat Kulit................216
4.6.3 Konstruksi Dasar Ganda..........................................................229
4.6.4 Perhitungan Profil Gading-gading...........................................234
4.6.5 Perhitungan Profil Balok-balok...............................................245
4.6.6 Penumpu Geladak (Deck Girder) ............................................254
4.6.7 Web Stiffener............................................................................262
4.7 Perhitungan Kekuatan.......................................................... ............266
4.7.1 Perhitungan Kekuatan Kapal...................................................266
4.7.2 Kekuatan Memanjang..............................................................267
4.8 Perencanaan Ruang Muat Dan Tangki-tangki (Capacity Plan)….............279
4.8.1 Perencanaan Ruang Muat Cargo Hold.....................................280
4.8.2 Perhitungan Diesel Oil Tank (DOT) .......................................314
4.8.3 Perhitungan Capacity Fuel Oil Tank (FOT) ...........................322
4.8.4 Perhitungan Lubricant Oil Tank..............................................329
4.8.5 Perhitungan Fresh Water Capacity (FW) ................................366
4.8.6 Perhitungan Capacity After Peak Tank....................................343
4.8.7 Perhitungan Ballast Tank Capacity..........................................350
xiv
4.9 Freeboard, Phimsol Mark, Dan Tonnage..................................................385
4.9.1 Lambung Timbul (Freeboard) .................................................385
4.9.2 Phimsol Mark...........................................................................389
4.9.3 Tonnage....................................................................................390
4.10 Floodable Length.....................................................................................396
4.10.1 Langkah Pembuatan Floodable Length Curve .........................385
4.11 Stabilitas Kapal........................................................................................402
4.11.1 Pengertian.................................................................................402
4.11.2 Perhitungan Kurva Stabilitas....................................................402
4.12.1 Koefisien Gesek Peluncuran....................................................436
4.12.2 Sudut Kemiringan Peluncuran.................................................436
4.12.3 Periode Peluncuran..................................................................437
4.12.4 Perhitungan Berat Peluncuran.................................................438
4.12.5 Perencanaan Sepatu Peluncur..................................................439
4.12.6 Perhitungan Beban Landasan...................................................440
4.12.7 Perhitungan Fase Peluncur.......................................................441
4.12.6 Perhitungan Beban Landasan...................................................440
4.12 Peluncuran Kapal.....................................................................................436
5.1 Kesimpulan..................................................................................................465
5.2 Saran............................................................................................................466
BAB V PENUTUP
DAFTAR PUSTAKA......................................................................................................467
RIWAYAT HIDUP..........................................................................................................480
xv
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Data Kapal Pembanding ......................................................................... 21
Tabel 4.1 Kapal Pembanding .................................................................................. 23
Tabel 4.2 Mencari C Displacement ........................................................................ 23
Tabel 4.3 Mencari C LPP ........................................................................................ 24
Tabel 4.4 Mencari C LOA ...................................................................................... 25
Tabel 4.5 Mencari C Draft ...................................................................................... 26
Tabel 4.6 Mencari C Height .................................................................................... 27
Tabel 4.7 Kapal Rancangan .................................................................................... 29
Tabel 4.8 Perbandingan Ratio 1 .............................................................................. 30
Tabel 4.9 Perbandingan Ratio 2 .............................................................................. 31
Tabel 4.10 Koreksi Rancangan Utama.................................................................... 32
Tabel 4.1 Data Ukuran Utama ................................................................................ 44
Tabel 4.2 Tabel NSP ............................................................................................... 44
Tabel 4.3 Hasil Pembacaan Diagram ...................................................................... 45
Tabel 4.4 Faktor Simpson Dan Lengan Momen Untuk station -2,-1 Dan 0 ........... 50
Tabel 4.5 Perhitungan CSA LPP ............................................................................. 50
Tabel 4.6 Tabel Pembuatan A/2T ........................................................................... 54
Tabel 4.7 Perhitungan Buritan ................................................................................ 59
Tabel 4.8 Tabel Sent Line ....................................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.9 Ordinat Halfbreadth Plan ........................................................................ 65
Tabel 4.10 Ofset Hidrostatik ................................................................................... 71
Tabel 4.11 Garis Air 0 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 73
Tabel 4.12 Garis Air 1 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 74
Tabel 4.13 Garis Air 2 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 75
Tabel 4.14 Garis Air 3 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 76
Tabel 4.15 Garis Air 4 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 77
xvi
Tabel 4.16 Garis Air 5 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 78
Tabel 4.17 Garis Air 6 WPA, LCF, IT Dan IL ....................................................... 79
Tabel 4.18 Garis Air 7 WPA, LCF, Dan IL ............................................................ 80
Tabel 4.19 Garis Air 8 WPA, LCF, Dan IL ............................................................ 81
Tabel 4.20 Garis Air 9 WPA, LCF, Dan IL ............................................................ 82
Tabel 4.21 Garis Air 10 WPA, LCF, Dan IL .......................................................... 83
Tabel 4.22 Awl Dan Kbwl ...................................................................................... 84
Tabel 4.23 Awl Dan Kbwl ..................................................................................... 84
Tabel 4.24 Awl Dan Kbwl ...................................................................................... 85
Tabel 4.25 Awl Dan Kbwl.......................................................................................85
Tabel 4.26 Awl Dan Kbwl ...................................................................................... 86
Tabel 4.27 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 86
Tabel 4.28 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 87
Tabe 4.29 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 87
Tabel 4.30 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 88
Tabel 4.31 ∆ Dan KB .............................................................................................. 88
Tabel 4.32 Luasan wl 0-2 ........................................................................................ 89
Tabel 4.33 Luasan wl 2-4 ........................................................................................ 89
Tabel 4.34 Luasan wl 4-6 ........................................................................................ 90
Tabel 4.35 Luasan wl 6-8 ........................................................................................ 90
Tabel 4.36 Luasan wl 8-10 ...................................................................................... 90
Tabel 4.37 Seluruh Tabel Luas ............................................................................... 91
Tabel 4.38 Nilai MSA..............................................................................................91
Tabel 4.39 Menghitung LCB wl 0-2 ....................................................................... 92
Tabel 4.40 Menghitung LCB wl 2-4 ....................................................................... 93
Tabel 4.41 Menghitung LCB wl 4-6 ....................................................................... 94
Tabel 4.42 Menghitung LCB wl 6-8 ....................................................................... 95
Tabel 4.43 Menghitung LCB wl 8-10 ..................................................................... 96
Tabel 4.44 LCB wl 0-2............................................................................................ 97
Tabel 4.45 LCB wl 0-4............................................................................................ 97
xvii
Tabe 4.46 LCB wl 0-6 ............................................................................................ 97
Tabel 4.47 LCB wl 0-8............................................................................................ 98
Tabel 4.48 LCB wl 0-10.......................................................................................... 98
Tabel 4.49 Hasil LCB Seluruhnya .......................................................................... 98
Tabel 4.50 Resuma Komponen Hidrostatik ............................................................ 100
Tabel 4.51 Hasil Skala Hidrostatik ......................................................................... 101
Tabel 4.52 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 104
Tabel 4.53 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 105
Tabel 4.54 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 106
Tabel 4.55 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 107
Tabel 4.56 Luasan Tiap Station .............................................................................. 108
Tabel 4.57 Offset wl tambahan ............................................................................... 109
Tabel 4.58 Luasan tiap station ................................................................................ 110
Tabel 4.59 Luasan tiap station ................................................................................ 111
Tabel 4.60 Luasan seluruh Wl ................................................................................ 112
Tabel 4.61 Luasan Bonjean ..................................................................................... 113
Tabel 4.62 Luasan Bonjean Yang Telah Di Skalakan ............................................ 114
Tabel 4.63 Hasil Diagram BP Open Water Test ..................................................... 139
Tabel 4.64 Hasil Diagram BP Behind Water Test .................................................. 140
Tabel 4.65 Hasil Kavitasi Diagram Burril .............................................................. 143
Tabel 4.67 Komponen Penampang Pada Midship .................................................. 269
Tabel 4.68 Cargo Hold I.......................................................................................... 280
Tabel 4.69 Cargo Hold I.......................................................................................... 280
Tabel 4.70 Cargo Hold I.......................................................................................... 281
Tabel 4.71 Cargo Hold I.......................................................................................... 284
Tabel 4.72 Cargo Hold II ........................................................................................ 287
Tabel 4.73 Cargo Hold II ........................................................................................ 288
Tabel 4.74 Cargo Hold II ........................................................................................ 291
Tabel 4.75 Cargo Hold III ....................................................................................... 294
Tabel 4.76 Cargo Hold III ....................................................................................... 296
xviii
Tabel 4.77 Cargo Hold III ....................................................................................... 298
Tabel 4.78 Cargo Hold IV ....................................................................................... 301
Tabel 4.79 Cargo Hold IV ....................................................................................... 303
Tabel 4.80 Cargo Hold IV ....................................................................................... 305
Tabel 4.81 Cargo Hold V ........................................................................................ 308
Tabel 4.82 Cargo Hold V ........................................................................................ 310
Tabel 4.83 Cargo Hold V ........................................................................................ 312
Tabel 4.84 DOT ...................................................................................................... 315
Tabel 4.85 DOT ...................................................................................................... 317
Tabel 4.86 DOT ...................................................................................................... 319
Tabel 4.87 Fuel Oil Tank ........................................................................................ 322
Tabel 4.88 Fuel Oil Tank ........................................................................................ 324
Tabel 4.89 Fuel Oil Tank ........................................................................................ 326
Tabel 4.90 Lubrication Oil Tank ............................................................................. 329
Tabel 4.91 Lubrication Oil Tank ............................................................................. 331
Tabel 4.92 Lubrication Oil Tank ............................................................................. 333
Tabel 4.93 Freshwater ............................................................................................. 336
Tabel 4.94 Freshwater ............................................................................................. 338
Tabel 4.95 Freshwater ............................................................................................. 340
Tabel 4.96 After Peak Tank .................................................................................... 343
Tabel 4.97 After Peak Tank .................................................................................... 345
Tabel 4.98 After Peak Tank .................................................................................... 347
Tabel 4.99 Ballast Tank I ........................................................................................ 350
Tabel 4.100 Ballast Tank I ...................................................................................... 352
Tabel 4.101 Ballast Tank I ...................................................................................... 354
Tabel 4.102 Ballast Tank II ..................................................................................... 357
Tabel 4.103 Ballast Tank II ..................................................................................... 359
Tabel 4.104 Ballast Tank II ..................................................................................... 361
Tabel 4.105 Ballast Tank III ................................................................................... 364
Tabel 4.106 Ballast Tank III ................................................................................... 366
xix
Tabel 4.107 Ballast Tank III ................................................................................... 368
Tabel 4.108 Ballast Tank IV ................................................................................... 371
Tabel 4.109 Ballast Tank IV ................................................................................... 373
Tabel 4.110 Ballast Tank IV ................................................................................... 375
Tabel 4.111 Ballast Tank V .................................................................................... 378
Tabel 4.112 Ballast Tank V .................................................................................... 380
Tabel 4.113 Ballast Tank V .................................................................................... 382
Tabel 5.5 Webster After Body And Fore Body CB = 0,762 .................................... 399
Tabel 5.6 Permeabilitas ........................................................................................... 400
Tabel 5.7 Kurva silang kondisi 50 % ...................................................................... 412
Tabel 5.8 Kurva silang kondisi 75 % ...................................................................... 420
Tabel 5.9 Kurva silang kondisi 100 % .................................................................... 428
Tabel 4.80 Interpolasi Tekan Rata-Rata Pada Landasan ........................................ 439
Tabel 4.81 Interpolasi Koefisien Gesek Peluncuran ............................................... 439
Tabel 4.5 Sketsa Perhitungan Peluncuran ............................................................... 443
Tabel 4.87 Analisa Peluncuran ............................................................................... 446
xx
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Jarak Tempuh ...................................................................................... 8
Gambar 2.2 Layout Pelabuhan Tanjung Perak ....................................................... 9
Gambar 2.3 Layout Pelabuhan Trisakti Banjarmasin ............................................ 12
Gambar 3.1 Diagram Alir Perancangan .................................................................. 16
Gambar 5.1 Kurva Ldisp ......................................................................................... 48
Gambar 5.2 CSA Lpp .............................................................................................. 53
Gambar 5.3 A/2T .................................................................................................... 55
Gambar 5.4 Penentuan Sudut Masuk ...................................................................... 56
Gambar 5.5 B/2 Dan A/2T ...................................................................................... 57
Gambar 5.6 Linggih Haluan .................................................................................... 59
Gambar 5.7 Linggi Buritan ..................................................................................... 60
Gambar 5.8 Buritan Auto cad ................................................................................. 61
Gambar 5.9 Jari Jari Bilga ....................................................................................... 62
Gambar 5.10 Proyeksi Pembuatan Bodyplan.......................................................... 62
Gambar 5.11 Bodyplan ........................................................................................... 63
Gambar 5.12 Sent Line ........................................................................................... 64
Gambar 5.13 HalfBreadht Plan ............................................................................... 66
Gambar 5.14 SheerPlan ........................................................................................... 67
Gambar 5.15 Kurva Hidrostatik .............................................................................. 102
Gambar 5.16 Grafik Guldhammer dan Harvald 5.0 ................................................ 117
Gambar 5.17 Standar LCB grafik ........................................................................... 118
Gambar 5.18 Koreksi LCB grafik ........................................................................... 119
Gambar 5.19 Dimension Main enggine .................................................................. 130
Gambar 5.20 Performance Enggine ........................................................................ 130
Gambar 5.21 Kurva B.4 – 40 .................................................................................. 136
Gambar 5.22 Kurva B.4 – 55 .................................................................................. 137
Gambar 5.23 Kurva B.4 - 70 ................................................................................... 138
Gambar 5.24 TC diagram burril .............................................................................. 143
xxi
Gambar 5.25 Coupling cone ................................................................................... 151
Gambar 5.26 Tabel K Watson Gilfran .................................................................... 157
Gambar 5.27 Capstan .............................................................................................. 191
Gambar 5.28 Chock ................................................................................................ 191
Gambar 5.29 Fairlead .............................................................................................. 192
Gambar 8.1 Table Freeboard Tipe B....................................................................... 386
Gambar 8.2 Floodable Length................................................................................. 400
Gambar 8.3 Floodable Length................................................................................. 401
Gambar Ilustrasi Fase I ........................................................................................... 437
Gambar Ilustrasi Fase II .......................................................................................... 437
Gambar Ilustrasi Fase III ......................................................................................... 438
xxii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Lines Plan ............................................................................................ 469
Lampiran 2 Kurva Hidrostatik ................................................................................ 470
Lampiran 3 Kurva Bonjean .................................................................................... 471
Lampiran 4 General Arangement ............................................................................ 472
Lampiran 5 Capacity Plan ...................................................................................... 473
Lampiran 6 Midship ............................................................................................... 474
Lampiran 7 Profil Plan ............................................................................................ 475
Lampiran 8 Shell Expansion ................................................................................... 476
Lampiran 9 Layout Main Enggine .......................................................................... 477
Lampiran 10 Floodable Length ............................................................................... 478
Lampiran 11 Lembar Penilaian Revisi .................................................................... 479
Lampiran 12 Riwayat Hidup ................................................................................... 479
Lampiran 13 Pernyataan Bebas Plagiarisme ........................................................... 479
Lampiran 14 Turnitin .............................................................................................. 480
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DAFTAR NOMENKLATUR
Am (Area of Midship), Luasan bidang pada potongan tengah kapal [m2].
Ap (After perpendicular), Garis tegak buritan yang letaknya pada linggi
kemudi bagian belakang atau pada sumbu poros kemudi.
Awl (Area of Water Line), Luasan bidang pada potongan garis air muat [m2].
B (Breadth), Jarak terluar dari sisi kiri kapal ke sisi kanan kapal yang diukur
pada tengah kapal [m].
BKI Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia, badan pemerintah (BUMN) yang didirikan
pada tahun 1964. Badan ini bertugas mengelompokan kapal yang
berbendera Indonesia menurut kelas masing–masing dan dapat
memberikan sertifikat laik laut bagi kapal yang beroperasi di Indonesia
maupun perwakilan dari klasifikasi negara yang bekerja sama dengannya.
C Koefisien daripada kapal pembanding dalam perhitungan prarancangan.
CB (Coefficient of Block), Koefisien blok adalah perbandingan antara volume
kapal dengan balok yang menyelimutinya.
CM (Coefficient of Midship), Koefisien tengah kapal adalah perbandingan
antara luasan tengah kapal dengan persegi yang menyelimutinya.
CP (Coefficient of Prismatic), Koefisien prisma adalah perbandingan antara
volume kapal dengan prisma yang menyelimutinya.
CW (Coefficient of Waterline), Koefisien garis air adalah perbandingan antara
luasan garis air muat dengan persegi yang menyelimutiya.
Cr Koefisien kapal rancangan yang didapat dari interpolasi koefisien 2 kapal
pembanding.
∆ (displacement), Jumlah air dalam ton yang dipindahkan oleh kapal yang
terapung [ton].
DWT (deadweight), Berat dari muatan, perbekalan, bahan bakar, air tawar, dan
awak kapal yang diangkut kapal sampai garis air [ton].
Fn (Froude Number), Angka froude Vs
g Lpp
.
Fp (fore perpendicular), Garis tegak haluan merupakan perpotongan antara
linggi haluan dengan garis air muat.
g gaya gravitasi 9,81 [m/s2].
GT (Gross Tonnage), Perhitungan volume semua ruang muat yang terletak
dibawah geladak kapal ditambah dengan volume ruangan tertutup yang
terletak diatas geladak [ton].
H (Height), Jarak tegak dari garis dasar ke tinggi geladak terendah yang
diukur pada tengah kapal [m].
KG (Keel of Grafity), Jarak antara lunas ke titik berat kapal [m].
LCB
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LOA (Length Over All), Panjang keseluruan kapal adalah panjang kapal
keseluruhan yang diukur dari ujung buritan sampai ujung haluan [m].
LPP (Length between perpendiculars), Panjang antara kedua garis tegak buritan
dan garis tegak haluan yang diukur pada garis air muat [m].
LWL (Length of water line) Jarak mendatar antara ujung garis muat (garis air),
yang diukur dari titik potong dengan linggi buritan (Ap) sampai titik
potongnya dengan linggi haluan (Fp) dan diukur pada bagian luar linggi
buritan dan linggi haluan [m].
MLWS (Mean Low Water Springs) adalah rata-rata tinggi yang diperoleh dari dua
air terendah berturut-turut selama periode pasang purnama [m].
NT (Net Tonnage), Perhitungan ruang dalam kapal untuk muatan kargo [ton]
T (Draft), Jarak tegak dari garis dasar ke garis air muat [m].
V Kecepatan kapal [knot] atau [m/s2].
Vdisp.