LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN DISERTASI DOKTOR TAHUN ANGGARAN 2011

Pemanfaatan Ekstrak AcetonPadinaaustralis Yang Bersifat Antibakteri Dalam Pengendalian Bakteri Vibrio alginolitycus Pada Budidaya Ikan Kerapu Tikus (Cromileptes altivelis)

Yuliana Salosso

Dibiayai Oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional, melalui DIPA Universitas Brawijaya REV.1 Nomor: 0636/023-04.2.16/15/2011 R,

tanggal 30 Maret 2011 dan berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Rektor Nomor: 214/SK/2011 tanggal 2 Mei 2011

UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA

NOVEMBER 2011

ILMU PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN

GAMBARAN HISTOLOGI DAN HISTOPATOLOGI IKAN KERAPU TIKUS (Cromileptes altivelis) YANG TERINFEKSI Vibrio alginolyticusDAN SETELAH PERENDAMAN DENGAN

EKSTRAKPadina australis

Oleh

Y. Salosso,1A. Prajitno2, A.L.Abadi3, dan Aulanni’am4 1 Mahasiswa Program Doktor Fakultas Perikanan Universitas Brawijaya

2 Staf pengajar Fakultas Perikanan Universitas Brawijaya 3 Staf pengajar Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya 4 Staf pengajar Fakultas MIPA Universitas Brawijaya

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak P.australis dalam menyembuhkan ikan kerapu tikus yang terinfeksi bakteri V. alginolitycus, dengan membandingkan gambaran histologi ikan yang sehat, sakit dan yang telah diobati dengan ekstrak P.australis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dengan satu variabel bebas yaitu dosis ektrak P. australis. Perlakukan dosis ekstrakP. australis yang diberikan dengan metode perendaman pada penelitian ini adalah 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50% serta kontrol yaitu dosis 0%. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak P.australis mampu menyembuhkan ikan kerapu tikus yang terinfeksi bakteri V.alginolitycus, sehingga dapat menyembuhkan jaringan insang dan hati ikan kerapu tikus yang terinfeksi bakteri V.alginolitycus menjadi normal kembali. Kata Kunci : Padina australis, Vibrio alginolitycus, histologi Ikan Kerapu Tikus

SUMMARY

One measure to control V. alginolitycus in environmental friendly manner is by chemical control using naturally active substance-contained marine biota. Padina australis is such marine biota, which is from brown macroalgae family and considered as the bioactive producer with anti bacteria characteristic. An active compound contained within P. australis is phenol.

The objective of research is to understand whether P. australis extract can improve hematology and tissue profiles of humpback grouper such that it improves the survival rate against the infection of bacterium V. alginolitycus, and to acknowledge the effective dose to improve the hematology and tissue profiles of humpback grouper.

Research involves some stages. P. australis is collected and extracted. P. australis acetone extract is subjected to toxicity test. Bacterium V. alginolitycus is subjected to pathogeneticity test against humpback grouper. The use of P. australis extract in the medication of humpback grouper against bacterium V. alginolitycus is also examined. Research method is experiment. Research design is Complete Random Planning. The doses of P. australis extract used in the submersion are 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, while the control is 0 %. Each treatment is replicated three times. The observed parameters are hematology, histology, and bacterium density before infection, after infection, and after medication, and the survival rate of humpback grouper in the end of research.

Result of research indicates that P. australis acetone extract can recover humpback grouper infected by bacterium V. alginolitycus by reducing the density of this bacterium in the infected fish such that it will normalize hematology and histology of humpback grouper. The effective concentration of P. australis acetone extract to recover the humpback grouper from infection by V. alginolitycus, with improved survival rate, is 40 % which is given through 30 minutes submersion for 2 days.

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