hubungan stcw solas ism dan isps

HUBUNGAN STCW SOLAS ISM CODE ISPS CODE

Cahya PurnomoAkademi Maritim YogyakartaHotel Melia Purosani, 20-22 Mei 2014

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STCW(Standard of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers)Dimaksudkan untuk menetapkan standard kualifikasi bagi Master/Nakhoda, Perwira-perwira kapal dan personel yang melaksanakan tugas jaga di laut pada kapal-kapal pelayaran niaga. STCW diadopsi pada tahun 1978 oleh konferensi Organisasi Kemaritiman Internasinal (IMO) di London dan ditetapkan sebagai keharusan mulai tahun 1984. Hasil Konvensi diamandement secara signifikan pada thun 1995. Yang saat ini disebut STCW 95. *

Amandemen tersebut diberlakukan pada 1 February 1997 dan disyaratkan ununtuk diimplemantasikan secara penuh pada 1 Februari 2002. Perubahan yang paling pentingdiperhatikan: a)peningkatankendalinegarapelabuhan; b)komunikasiinformasikepada IMOuntuk mengijinkanpelaporan penyimpangan dan konsistensitimbal balikdalampenerapanstandar-standar tersebut *

c)sistemstandarkualitas(QSS),penyimpanganpelatihan,penilaian dan prosedur untuk mendapatkan sertifikat d) penempatan tanggung jawab di pihak lisensi dan negara-negara bendera yang memanfaatkan warga negara asing, memastikan pelaut tersebut memenuhi standard objectif kompetensie) persyaratan waktu istirahat bagi personil yang melaksanakan dinas jaga.*

SOLAS 78International Convention for the Safety of Life at SeaAdalah perjanjian keselamatan maritim internasional. Mensyaratkan negara bendera untuk memastikan bahwa kapal mereka mematuhi standard keamanan minimum dalam konstruksi, peralatan dan operasi. Didalamnya meliputi pasal-pasal kewajiban umum dan lain sebagainya, diikuti oleh tambahan (annex) dibagi menjadi 12 bab*

Chapter I General Provisions. Surveying the various types of ships and certifying that they meet the requirements of the convention.Chapter II-1 Construction Subdivision and stability, machinery and electrical installations The subdivision of passenger ships into watertight compartments so that after damage to its hull, a vessel will remain afloat and stable.Chapter II-2 Fire protection, fire detection and fire extinctionFire safety provisions for all ships with detailed measures for passenger ships, cargo ships and tankers.Chapter III Life-saving appliances and arrangements Life-saving appliances and arrangements, including requirements for life boats, rescue boats and life jackets according to type of ship.*

Chapter IV Radio communications. TheGlobal Maritime Distress Safety System(GMDSS) requires passenger and cargo ships on international voyages to carry radio equipment, including satelliteEmergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons(EPIRBs) andSearch and Rescue Transponders(SARTs).Chapter V Safety of navigation. This chapter requires governments to ensure that all vessels are sufficiently and efficiently manned from a safety point of view. Chapter VI Carriage of Cargoes. Requirements for the stowage and securing of all types of cargo and cargo containers except liquids and gases in bulk.*

Chapter VII Carriage of dangerous goodsRequires the carriage of all kinds of dangerous goods to be in compliance with theInternational Maritime Dangerous Goods Code(IMDG Code).Chapter VIII Nuclear ships. Nuclear powered ships are required, particularly concerning radiation hazards, to conform to the Code of Safety for Nuclear Merchant Ships.Chapter IX Management for the Safe Operation of Ships. Requires every ship owner and any person or company that has assumed responsibility for a ship to comply with theInternational Safety Management Code(ISM)*

Chapter X Safety measures for high-speed craft. Makes mandatory the International Code of Safety forHigh-Speed Craft(HSC Code).Chapter XI-1 Special measures to enhance maritime safety. Requirements relating to organizations responsible for carrying out surveys and inspections, enhanced surveys, the ship identification number scheme, and operational requirements.

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Chapter XI-2 Special measures to enhance maritime security. Includes theInternational Ship and Port Facility Security Code(ISPS Code). Confirms that the role of the Master in maintaining the security of the ship is not, and cannot be, constrained by the Company, the charterer or any other person. Port facilities must carry out security assessments and develop, implement and review port facility security plans. Controls the delay, detention, restriction, or expulsion of a ship from a port. Requires that ships must have a ship security alert system, as well as detailing other measures and requirements.*

Chapter XII Additional safety measures for bulk carriers. Specific structural requirements for bulk carriers over 150 metres in length.*

*ISPS Code(International Ship and Port Facility Security Code)International Code for the Security of Ships and of Port Facilities

Code yang mengatur proteksi aktif terhadap ancaman keamanan di kapal dan fasilitas pelabuhan

Bajak laut dan Perampokan

Trend kejadian:Serangan bersenjata terhadap kapal niaga meningkat dalam hal frekwensi, variasi serangan dan kekejamanAda peningkatan jumlah korban yang dibunuh atau dilukai*

Terorisme

Melakukan keonaran, kekacauan, kerusakan dan ancamanTerhadap korban tak berkepentingan atau obyek vital/massalUntuk mendapatkan pengaruh:Publikasi yang maksimumEmosionalJangka panjang*

Penyebab timbulnya terorisme

Politik extrim/garis kerasDisponsori oleh negaraAgama dan suku (SARA)Kepentingan tertentu atau kelompok protesEtnis minoritasNasionalisme*

Trend terorismeTerorisme menjadi sangat berbahaya, tidak hanya mengancamFenomena terorisme domestik lebih tersbar luas daripada terorisme internasionalJumlah kejadian terorisme internasional menurun, namun ancaman potensialny makin meningkatSaat ini tindakan terorisme cenderung memilih sasaran kerusakan yang meluas (global)Penggunaan high explosive, weapon of mass destruction atau biological subtances makin meningkat*

Sasaran yang berdampak ekonomi/strategisSerangan yang terkoordinasiBunuh diri dan menciptakan kehancuranJumlah korban yang sebanyak-banyaknyaMenggunakan sarana transpotasi sebagai senjataTidak mempedulikan opini publik*

SOLAS Chapter XISpecial Measures to Enhance Maritime SecuritySekarang menjadi XI 1Regulation 3: Ship Identification Number (IMO Number)Kapal harus diberi tanda IMO NumberBerlaku mulai 1 Juli 2004 atau docking pertama kali setelah 1 Juli 2004Penempatan harus secara permanen tertera :Unk luar dengan ukuran tinggi lebih dari 200 mm dengan posisi dilambung kapal. Unk kapal penumpang harus tampak juga dari atasUnk didalam kapal dengan ukuran tinggi lebih dari 100 mm dengan posisi di transverse bulkhead kamar mesin atau hatchways, pump room (tanker), transverse bulkhead ro-ro spaces (ro-ro ship)Harus tampak jelas dengan warna yang kontras & dengan plat*

*Regulation 1 DefinitionRegulation 2 ApplicationRegulation 3 Obligations of Contracting Governments with respect to securityRegulation 4 Requirements for Companies and shipsRegulation 5 Specific responsibility of CompaniesRegulation 6 Ship Security Alert SystemRegulation 7 Threats to shipsRegulation 8 Masters discretion for ship safety and securitySOLAS Chapter XI-2Special Measures to Enhance Maritime Security

*Regulation 9 Control and compliance measures1Control of ships in port2Ships intending to enter a port of another Contracting Government3Additional provisionsRegulation 10 Requirements for port facilitiesRegulation 11 Alternative security agreementsRegulation 12 Equivalent arrangementsRegulation 13Communication of informationSOLAS Chapter XI-2Special Measures to Enhance Maritime Security

*Regulation 2Application

Kapal yang beroperasi dalam perairan internasional, meliputi:passenger ships, including high-speed passenger craftcargo ships, including high-speed craft of 500 gross tonnage and upwards; andmobile offshore drilling unitsport facilities yang melayani kapal yg beroperasi dlm perairan internasional

*Regulation 3Obligations of Contracting Governments with respect to security

Administrations shall set security levelto ships entitled to fly their flag

Contracting Governments shall set security levelport facilities within their territoryto ships prior to enter a port/whilst in port

*Regulation 4Requirements for companies and ships

Companies shall comply with the relevant requirements of this chapter and of Part A

Ships shall comply with the relevant requirements of this chapter and of part A & such compliance shall be verified and certified

Ship shall comply with the requirements for the security level set by that Contracting Government of the port, if such security level is higher than the security level set by the Administration for that ship.

*Regulation 5Specific responsibility of Companies

Who is responsible for appointing crew members

Who is responsible for deciding the employment of the ship

Who is the party to Charter Party

*Regulation 6Ship Security Alert System

ships constructed on or after 1 July 2004;passenger ships (PHSC), constructed before 1 July 2004, not later than the first survey of the radio installation after 1 July 2004; oil tankers, chemical tankers, gas carriers, bulk carriers and CHSC of 500 gross tonnage and upwards constructed before [1 July 2004], not later than the first survey of the radio installation after 1 July 2004;other cargo ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards and MODU constructed before 1 July 2004, not later than the first survey of the radio installation after 1 July 2006


initiate and transmit a ship-to-shore security alert to a competent authority designated by the Administration, identifying the ship, its locationsecurity of the ship is under threat or it has been compromised;not send to any other ships;not raise on board the ship; continue until deactivated and/or reset;being activated from the navigation bridge and in at least one other location.


Activating points shall be designed to prevent the inadvertent initiation

may be complied with by using radio installation (Chapter IV)

when received, Administration shall notify the nearby States

*Regulation 7Threats to ships

Contracting Governments shall set security levels to ships;operating in their territorial sea

having communicated an intention to enter their territorial sea

*Regulation 8Masters discretion for ship safety & security

Master shall not be constrained by; CompanyChartererfrom taking or executing any decision includingdenial of access to person or their effectsreject to load cargocontainersother CTU

*Regulation 9Control and compliance measures

Section 9.1Control of ships in portTraditional PSCSection 9.2Ships intending to enter a port of another Contracting GovernmentNew PSC conceptSection 9.3Additional provisions

*Regulation 10Requirements for port facilities

Port facilities shall comply with the relevant requirements of this chapter and part A

Contracting Governments shall set security levels and ensure the provision of security level information to port facilities and to ships prior to entering a port, or whilst in a port

*Regulation 10Requirements for port facilities

Contracting Governments with port facility shall ensure that: port facility security assessments are; carried outreviewedapprovedport facility security plans are;developedreviewedapprovedimplemented

*Regulation 11Alternative security agreements

Contracting Government may conclude agreements with other Contracting Government;on alternative security arrangementscovering short international voyageson fixed route

*Regulation 12Equivalent security arrangements

Administration may allow to implement other security measures equivalent to ISPS Code

Contracting Government may allow to implement security measures equivalent to ISPS Code

*Regulation 13Communication of information

Contracting Government shall communicate to IMO not later than 1 July 2004;national authority responsible for the security of;shipport facilitywho shall receive/act upon the security alertauthorized RSO (Recognize Security Organization)list showing the approved PFSP

*Section 1 General1.1Introduction1.2Objectives1.3Functional requirementsSection 2 DefinitionsSection 3 ApplicationSection 4 Responsibilities of Contracting GovernmentsSection 5 Declaration of SecuritySection 6 Obligations of the CompanySection 7 Ship SecuritySection 8 Ship Security Assessment (SSA)Section 9 Ship Security Plan (SSP)

ISPS Code Part A

*Section 10 RecordsSection 11 Company Security Officer (CSO)Section 12 Ship Security Officer (SSO)Section 13 Training, Drills and Exercises on Ship SecuritySection 14 Port Facility SecuritySection 15 Port Facility Security AssessmentSection 16 Port Facility Security PlanSection 17 Port Facility Security OfficerSection 18 Training, Drills and Exercises on Port Facility SecuritySection 19 Verification and Certification19.1Verifications19.2Issue or endorsement of certificate19.3Duration and validity of certificate19.4Interim certification

*Section 3ApplicationShips engaged on international voyages:passenger ships, including high-speed passenger craftcargo ships, including high-speed craft of 500 gross tonnage and upwards; andmobile offshore drilling units

port facilities serving such ships engaged on international voyages

*Section 3Application

Sections 5 to 13 and 19 apply to ships and Companies (3.4)

Sections 5 and 14 to 18 apply to port facilities (3.5)

*Section 4Responsibilities of Contracting Governments

Contracting Governments shallset security levelsprovide guidance for protection from security incidentsFactors to be considered in setting security levelthreat information is credibletreat information is corroboratedthreat information is specific/imminentpotential consequences of security incidents

*Section 5Declaration of Security (DoS)

determined by the Contracting Government (5.1)Ship can request (5.2)shall be completed by:the master or SSO (5.4.1)the PFSO (5.42.2)could be shared between a port facility and a ship and shall state the responsibility for each (5.5)DoS shall be kept by ship & port facility (5.6 & 5.7)Minimum period to be kept (5.6 & 5.7)

*Section 6Obligations of the Company

clear statement emphasizing the masters authority (6.1)masters overriding authority and responsibility to make decisions with respect to the security of the ship (6.1)request the assistance of the Company or of any Contracting Government (6.1)the company security officer, the master and the ship security officer shall be given the necessary support (6.2)

*Section 7Ship SecurityA ship is required to act upon the security levels set by Contracting Governments (7.1)At security level 1, (7.2).1performance of all ship security duties;.2controlling access to the ship;.3controlling the embarkation of persons and their effects;.4monitoring restricted areas .5monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship;.6supervising the handling of cargo and ship.s stores; .7security communication is readily available.

*Section 7Ship Security

At security level 2, (7.3)additional protective measures

At security level 3, further specific protective measures (7.4)

*Section 8Ship Security Assessment (SSA)process of developing and updating the SSP (8.1)The CSO shall ensure that the SSA is carried out by persons with skills to evaluate the security of a ship. (8.2)on-scene security survey and: (8.4).1identification of existing security measures, procedures and operations; .2identification and evaluation of key ship board operations;.3identification of possible threats to the key ship board operations.4identification of weaknesses, including human factors in the infrastructure, policies and procedures.

*Section 9Ship Security Plan (SSP)

Each ship shall carry on board a SSP approved by the Administration. (9.1)

provisions for the 3 security levels. (9.1)

Entrust review and approval of SSP to RSOs (9.2)

Submission of SSP for approval shall be accompanied by the security assessment (9.3)

*Section 9Ship Security Plan (9.4).1prevent weapons, dangerous substances and devices .2identification of the restricted areas .3prevention of unauthorized access to the ship.4responding to security threats or breaches of security.5responding to any security instructions issued by Contracting Governments at security level 3.6evacuation in case of security threats or breaches of security; .7duties of shipboard personnel assigned security responsibilities .8auditing the security activities.9training, drills and exercises associated with the SSP

*Section 9Ship Security Plan.10interfacing with port facility security activities; .11periodic review of the plan; .12reporting security incidents;.13identification of the SSO; .14identification of the CSO (24 hour contact details); .15inspection, testing, calibration, and maintenance of security equipment, if any.16frequency of testing or calibration, if any.17identification of the locations where the ship security alert system activation points are provided*;.18procedures, instructions and guidance on the use of the ship security alert system**Administration may allow to be kept elsewhere on board

*Section 9Ship Security Plan

Personnel conducting internal audits of the security activities shall be independent of the activities being audited (9.4.1)Which changes to an approved SSP (Administration shall determine) shall not be implemented unless approved by the Administration. (9.5)SSP may be kept in an electronic format (9.6)SSP shall be protected from unauthorized access or disclosure (9.7)SSP are not subject to inspection by PSCO (9.8)clear ground --> limited access to the specific sections (9.8.1)sections 9.4/2, 4, 5, 7, 15, 17, 18 are confidential (9.8.1)

*Section 10Recordsto be kept on board for at least the minimum period specified by the Administration: (10.1).1training, drills and exercises;.2security threats and incidents.3breaches of security.4changes in security level;.5communications.6internal audits and reviews of security activities.7periodic review of the SSA.8periodic review of SSP.9implementation of amendments to the SSP.10maintenance, calibration and testing of security equipment, if any;shall be protected from unauthorized access/disclosure

*Section 11Company Security Officer (CSO)

The Company shall designate a CSO. (11.1)

A person designated as the CSO may act as the CSO for one or more ships. (11.1)

A Company may designate several persons as CSOs provided it is clearly identified for which ships each person is responsible. (11.1)

*Section 11Company Security Officer (11.2)duties & responsibilities of CSO.1 advising the level of threats; .2 SSAs are carried out;.3 development, submission for approval, implementing and maintenance of the SSP; .4 SSP is modified to correct deficiencies; .5 internal audits and reviews of security activities;.6 initial and subsequent verifications of the ship;.7 deficiencies/non-conformities are addressed and dealt with

*Section 11Company Security Officer (CSO)

.8 enhancing security awareness and vigilance;.9 adequate training;.10 effective communication and co-operation;.11 consistency between security and safety requirements;.12 the SSP for each ship reflects the ship-specific information accurately;.13 any alternative or equivalent arrangements approved for a particular ship are implemented and maintained.

*Section 12Ship Security Officer (SSO)A SSO shall be designated on each ship. (12.1)duties and responsibilities of the SSO (12.2).1regular security inspections of the ship.2maintaining and supervising the implementation of the SSP.3co-ordinating the handling of cargo and ships stores.4proposing modifications to the SSP.5reporting to the CSO any deficiencies and non-conformities.6enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board.7adequate training to be provided to shipboard personnel.8reporting all security incidents.9co-ordinating implementation of the SSP with CSO & PFSO.10security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained

*Section 13Training and Drills

CSO shall have knowledge and have received training. (13.1)SSO shall have knowledge and have received training. (13.2)Shipboard personnel having security duties/responsibilities (13.3)shall understand their responsibilitiesshall have sufficient knowledge and ability to perform their assigned dutiesDrills shall be carried out at appropriate intervals (13.4)CSOeffective coordination & implementation of SSPby participating in exercises at appropriate intervals

*Section 19Verification and Certification

19.1Verifications19.1.1.1initial verificationshall include a complete verification of its security system and any associated security equipment and the approved SSP.security system and any associated security equipment fully complies with the requirementssatisfactory condition/fit for the service

*19.1Verifications19.1.1.2renewal verification not exceeding five yearssecurity system and any associated security equipment fully complies with the requirementssatisfactory condition/fit for the service19.1.1.3 intermediate verificationat least one intermediate verification, if only one, shall take place between the second and third anniversary date.include inspection of security system and any associated security equipment 19.1.1.4 additional verificationany additional verifications as determined by the Administration.

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The verifications of ships shall be carried out by officers of the Administration.The Administration may entrust the verifications to a RSO (19.1.2)

security system and equipment after verification shall be maintained to conform with the provisions (19.1.4)After verification has been completed, no changes shall be made in security system and equipment without the sanction of the Administration (19.1.4)

*19.2Issue or endorsement of certificate

International Ship Security Certificate shall be issued after the initial or renewal verification (19.2.1)

Such certificate shall be issued or endorsed either by the Administration or by the RSO (19.2.2)

*19.3Duration and validity of certificate

International Ship Security Certificate shall not exceed 5 years (19.3.1)

When the renewal verification is completed within 3 months before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date not exceeding 5 years from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding 5 years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate (19.3.2)


When the renewal verification is completed after the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding 5 years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate (19.3.2.1)

When the renewal verification is completed more than 3 months before the expiry date of the existing certificate, the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal verification to a date not exceeding 5 years from the date of completion of the renewal verification (19.3.2.2)


at the Renewal verification, if a new certificate cannot be issued/placed on board, existing certificate may be endorsed (19.3.4)and shall be accepted as valid for a further 5 months (19.3.4)

certificate shall cease to be valid; (19.3.8).1Renewal/ Intermediate/ (Additional) verifications are not completed within the period.2certificate is not endorsed.3company changes.4flag changes

*19.4Interim certification

after 1 July 2004, Interim ISSC may be issued for; (19.4.1).1a ship without a certificate, on delivery, prior to its entry/re-entry into service.2flag changes from party Government.3 flag changes from non-party Government.4company changes

Interim ISSC shall be valid for (19.4.4)6 monthsor until full certificate is issued, whichever comes firstmay not be extendedNo subsequent, consecutive Interim ISSC shall be issued (19.4.5)

*19.4Interim certificationto be verified; (19.4.2).1SSA completed.2copy of SSP (submitted for approval) provided onboard, and SSP is being implemented.3Security Alert System is provided, if required.4CSO.1shall ensure.1review the SSP.2SSP has been submitted for approval.3SSP is being implemented on the ship.2established necessary arrangements for completion of Initial Verificationdrills, exercises, internal audits.5arrangement for Initial Verification.6Master, SSO & relevant shipboard personnel are familiar withtheir duties specified in the Coderelevant provisions of the SSPhave been provided such information

*Section 19Verification and Certification Expiry date3 months beforeValid 5 years from previous expiry date19.3.2Valid 5 years from Renewal Verification19.3.2.219.3.2.1Valid 5 years from previous expiry date5 years from Expiry date

ISM CODEInternational Safety Management CodeMerupakan suatu sistim manajemen untuk mengoperasikan kapal dengan aman dan memiliki kepedulian terhadap lingkungan yang diberlakukan secara internasional*

Legalitas yang mendasari:Resolusi IMO No. 741 (18) dan Amandment MSC 104 (73)SOLAS 1974 Chapter IX

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Sasaran ISM CodeMenjamin keselamatan kapal dilautMencegah terjadinya korban jiwa Menghindari kerusakan lingkunganMencegah rusak/hilangnya kapal dan muatannya*

Sasaran Manajemen Keselamatan perusahaanMelakukan pengoperasian kapal yang amanMemberikan lingkungan kerja yang amanSiap menghadapi semua resiko yg teridentifikasiMeningkatkan kemampuan personil yg ada di darat dan dilautSiap dalam menghadapi situasi darurat*

Persyaratan Sistem Manajemen KeselamatanKebijakan keselamatan dan perlindungan lingkunganInstruksi dan prosedur yang terdokumentasi tentang pengoperasian kapal yang aman dan memiliki kepedulian terhadap lingkunganPenetapan tingkat dan jalur komunikasi antara kapal dan daratProsedur untuk melaporkan kecelakaan dan ketidaksesuain yang terjadiProsedur persiapan dan penanggulangan keadaan daruratProsedur internal audit dan tinjauan manajemen *

Persamaan ISPS code dan ISM codeSistem manajementSistim harus didokumentasikanSistim harus dapat dibuktikanDiterapkan disetiap perusahaan dan setiap kapalSistim harus di internal audit dan direview oleh manajemenMelibatkan banyak orangBerlaku internasionalMandatory*

Perbedaan ISPS code dan ISM codeISPS codeSecurityCSO, SSO & PFSOSSA & SSPDi kapal dan pelabuhan19 ChapterAda kewajiban pemerintah (CG), Flag state, perusahaan & kapalISM codeSafety & environmentDPASafety ManualDi kapal dan perusahaan16 elemenHanya kewajiban perusahaan dan kapal*

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hubungan stcw solas ism dan isps

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