hasil review jurnal bioteknologi pembuatan tepung mocaf dengan cara fermentasi

8/17/2019 Hasil Review Jurnal Bioteknologi Pembuatan Tepung Mocaf Dengan Cara Fermentasi

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HASIL REVIEW JURNAL BIOTEKNOLOGI PEMBUATAN TEPUNG MOCAF DENGAN

CARA FERMENTASI

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

A. LATAR BELAKANG

Bioteknoloi !e"#$%k%n %t# $en#n%%n 'ioki!i%( !ik"o'ioloi( &e"t% "ek%)%&%

enetik% &e*%"% te"$%+# )%n 'e",#n&i #nt#k !en-%&ilk%n '%"%n %t%# l%inn)% '%i

ke$entin%n!%n#&i% B#ll /0123 !el%l#i OECD O"%ni&%tion ,o" E*ono!i* Coo$e"%tion

%n+ De4elo$!ent3. Bioteknoloi kon4en&ion%l %+%l%- 'ioteknoloi )%n !en%!'il

!%n,%%tn)% +%"i !ik"oo"%ni&!e #nt#k !en-%&ilk%n $"o+#k '%"%n +%n 5%&% &e%i +en%n

ke'#t#-%n &e-%"i6-%"i !%n#&i% !el%l#i $"o&e& ,e"!ent%&i. Pen#n%%n !ik"o'% !%&i- &e*%"%

t"%+i&ion%l +%l%! $"o+#k&i !%k%n%n +%n t%n%!%n &e"t% $en%7et%n !%k%n%n. Conto-n)%

&e$e"ti $e!'#%t%n te!$e( t%$e( *#k%( +%n I%in6I%in. Bioteknoloi !o+e"n 'e",#n&i

!eno$ti!%lk%n $e!%n,%%t%n 'ioloi &el +%n 'ioloi!olek#le" #nt#k !e!'#%t %t# $"o+#k

)%n 'e"!%n,%%t '%i ke-i+#$%n !%n#&i%. Bioteknoloi!o+e"n !en#n%k%n $e!%n,%%t%n

'ent#k "ek%)%&% enetik% #nt#k !en#'%- %t# &i,%to"%ni&!e &e-in% !e!iliki

ke!%!$#%n )%n +iinink%n. Conto-n)% &e$e"ti $"o+#k&i inlin(inte",e"on( %nti'o+i!onoklon%l.

U$%)% !e7#5#+k%n ket%-%n%n $%n%n n%&ion%l +%n !en#"%ni kete"%nt#n%n

i!$o" $%n%n te"#t%!% te"i# )%n *en+e"#n !en%n*%! ke+%#l%t%n $%n%n n%&ion%l

%+%l%- $e"l# +ike!'%nk%n +i4e"&i,ik%&i $%n%n +en%n !en#t%!%k%n lok%lit% +%e"%-

&e$e"ti #'i k%)# +%n %nek% #'i l%inn)%. Te$#n #'i k%)# )%n tel%- +i!o+i,ik%&i +%n

+ike!'%nk%n +i In+one&i% %+%l%- te$#n *%&&%4% ,e"!ent%&i MOCAF3. Te$#n te"&e'#t

+%$%t +i5%+ik%n &e'%%i '%-%n '%k# #nt#k $e!'#%t%n "oti( !ie +%n $"o+#k8$"o+#k !%k%n%n

l%inn)% )%n !e!'#t#-k%n '%-%n '%k# te$#n.

Te$#n MOCAF !e!$#n)%i $"o&$ek )%n '%ik #nt#k !en'&it#&i te"i#(

!enin%t i!$o" te"i# 9(: 5#t% ton $%+% t%-#n 2;/;( 'il% '&tit#&i te$#n *%&&%4% &e'e&%"

/;< &%5% te"-%+%$ te"i#( !%k% +i'#t#-k%n 9:; "i'# ton te$#n *%&&%4%. H%l ini &et%"%

+en%n ke'#t#-%n /(1 5#t% ton #'ik%)# &e%" +%n &et%"% $#l% +en%n ke'#t#-%n /;; "i'#

-ekt%" l%-%n #'i k%)# &i%$ $%nen Dit5en PPHP( Ke!ent"i%n Pe"t%ni%n RI 3.

A&o&i%&i P"o+#&en Te$#n Te"i# In+one&i% A$tin+o3 !e!$e"ki"%k%n( kon!&i

te"i# n%&ion%l $%+% t%-#n ini n%ik /;(:< !en5%+i 9(=: 5#t% ton +i'%n+ink%n t%-#n l%l# 9(>


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5#t% ton. T"en $enink%t%n kon!&i te"i# %nt%"% l%in te"+o"on $e!'e"l%k#%n ke'i5%k%n 'e%

i!$o" te"i# &e'e&%" :< )%n !en)e'%'k%n '%n)%k i!$o"ti" te"i# 'e"%li- !en5%+i

$"o+#&en. H%l it# te"5%+i k%"en% -%"% te"i# i!$o" !en5%+i le'i- !%-%l &etel%- $enen%%n

'e% !%k +i'%n+ink%n !e!$"o+#k&i +%"i +%l%! nee"i. Sol#&i )%n !e!#nkink%n %+%l%-

+en%n !en'&tit#&i te$#n te"i# +en%n te$#n !o*%,.

Ke'e"%+%%n te$#n MOCAF &e'%%i %lte"n%ti, +%"i te$#n te"i#( %k%n 'e"!%n,%%t

'%i in+#&t"i $enol%-%n !%k%n%n n%&ion%l. Jeni& +%n k%"%kte"i&tik )%n -%!$i" &%!% +en%n

te"i#( n%!#n +en%n -%"% )%n 5%#- le'i- !#"%- !e!'#%t te$#n MOCAF !en5%+i

$ili-%n )%n &%n%t !en%"ik. Be"'%%i 5eni& $"o+#k ol%-%n te$#n te"i# )%n 'i&%

+i%ntik%n ole- te$#n MOCAF( 5#% !e!'#%t t"%n&i&i $en#n% ke$%+% te$#n MOCAF

ti+%k lit #nt#k +il%k#k%n.

B. TUJUAN PENELITIAN

Unt#k !enet%-#i *%"% $e!'#%t%n !o*%, +en%n $"o&e& ,e"!ent%&i !en#n%k%n

!ik"o'%kte"i.

C. MANFAAT PENELITIAN

/. Peneliti%n ini +i-%"%$k%n +%$%t !e!'e"ik%n in,o"!%&i !enen%i &%l%- &%t# !o+i,ik%&i

$e!'#%t%n te$#n MOCAF +en%n $en%!'%-%n '%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t &el%!% $"o&e&

,e"!ent%&i. Pen%!'%-%n '%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t +i-%"%$k%n +%$%t !e!$e"&ink%t 7%kt#

,e"!ent%&i.

2. Peneliti%n ini 5#% +i-%"%$k%n +%$%t !en%7%li $enink%t%n t%!'%-%n $"o+#k&i tot%l

te$#n &ekit%" 2;< +%"i ke'#t#-%n i!$o" n%&ion%l &el%!% li!% t%-#n ke+e$%n.

BAB II

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

A. DASAR TEORI

Sinkon Manihot Esculenta3 !e"#$%k%n ko!o+it%& t%n%!%n $%n%n )%n $entin

&e'%%i $en-%&il !'e" '%-%n $%n%n k%"'o-i+"%t +%n '%-%n '%k# !%k%n%n( ki!i% +%n

$%k%n te"n%k. In+one&i% !e!iliki $oten&i #!'i6#!'i%n &e'%%i !'e" k%"'o-i+"%t &ek%li#&


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'%-%n '%k# te$#n lok%l )%n ti+%k k%l%- +en%n te"i#( )%it# %n)on( e!'ili( #'i 5%l%"(

%"#t( &inkon &inkon3 +%n l%in &e'%%in)%. Ren+%-n)% -%"% &inkon +i$en%"#-i ole-

&i,%t &inkon &e%" )%n !#+%- "#&%k 'il% ti+%k &ee"% +il%k#k%n $en%n%n%n $%&*% $%nen

k%"en% k%+%" %i" &inkon &e%" )%n tini( %+%n)% %&%! &i%ni+% HCN3 )%n !en)e'%'k%n

"%*#n.

Jeni& &inkon )%it# &inkon $%-it +%n ti+%k $%-it. Sinkon $%-it !en%n+#n

-i+"o&i%ni+% HCN3 )%n le'i- +%"i /;; $$!. N%!#n 5eni& ini !en%n+#n k%"'o-i+"%t )%n

le'i- tini( &e-in% '%ik +i5%+ik%n &e'%%i t%$iok%. S#$%)% %!%n +i!%k%n( &inkon $%-it

-%"#& +i$"o&e& te"le'i- +%-#l# &e'el#! +i'#%t te$#n +en%n *%"% +i"en+%! 'e"#l%n6#l%n

%%" k%+%" HCN n)% 'e"k#"%n. Se!ent%"% it#( &inkon )%n ti+%k $%-it !en%n+#n HCN

k#"%n +%"i :; $$! &e-in% %!%n #nt#k +ikon!&i +%n +i5%+ik%n %nek% !%k%n%n

M#"tinin&i- +%n S#")%nti( 2;//3.

Sinkon &e"in +i%n%$ '%-%n '%k# )%n 'e"!#t# "en+%- k%"en% "en+%-n)%

$"otein( !ine"%l +%n 4it%!in. N%!#n 4%"iet%& te"tent# +%"i &inkon !en%n+#n '%n)%k

*)%noeni* liko&i+% lin%!%"in +%n lot%#&t"%lin3 )%n +%$%t +i-i+"oli&i& !en5%&i %&%!

&i%ni+% HCN3 ole- en?i! en+oen lin%!%"%&e3 ketik% 5%"in%n t%n%!%n "#&%k &el%!%

$e!%nen%n( $enol%-%n %t%# $"o&e& !ek%ni& l%inn)%. Sinkon 5#% !en%n+#n %&%!

t%nni*( ?%t ini )%n +%$%t !eni!'#lk%n 7%"n% k#&%! $%+% $"o+#k ol%-%n &inkon &e-in%

!e!$#n)%i nil%i $%&%" )%n "en+%-. H%-n( /0023

Sinkon +i 'e'e"%$% +%e"%- $en#n%%nn)% +i#n%k%n &e'%%i !%k%n%n !e!'%nt#

#nt#k !e"in%nk%n !%&%l%- kel%$%"%n &e-in% &%n%t $entin +%l%! -%l ke%!%n%n $%n%n.

P"o&e& #nt#k !enink%tk%n nil%i $"otein +%n !en#"%ni k%+%" HCN. Peneliti%n &e'el#!n)%

!en#n%k%n $"o&e ,e"!ent%&i +i!%n% Rhizopus oryzae +%nSaccharomyces

cereviseae +i#n%k%n #nt#k !enink%tk%n k%+%" $"otein +%n !en#"#nk%n k%+%" HCN +%"i

$"o+#k &inkon.

Te$#n !o*%, !e"#$%k%n ko!o+it%& te$#n *%&&%4% +en%n teknin ,e"!ent%&i

&e-in% $"o+#k )%n +i-%&ilk%n !e!iliki k%"%kte"i&tik !i"i$ &e$e"ti te"i#( )%it# $#ti-(

le!'#t( +%n ti+%k 'e"'%# &inkon. K%"%kte"i&"ik )%n !i"i$ +en%n te"i#( te$#n !o*%,

+%$%t !en5%+i ko!o+it%& 'tit#&i te$#n te"i#. In+one&i% !e!iliki tink%t $e"!int%%n )%n

tini te"-%+%$ te$#n te"i#( '%ik ole- in+#&t"i %t%# "#!%- t%n%. Se+%nk%n k%$%&it%&

$"o+#k&i te$#n te"i# +i In+one&i% !%&i- "en+%-( tinin)% $e"!int%%n te$#n te"i#

!en)e'%'k%n -%"% te$#n te"i# !en)e'%'k%n -%"% te$#n te"i# )%n tini. P"o+#k&i

%n+#! n%&ion%l 'el#! !%!$# !e!en#-i tot%l $e"!int%%n +%l%! nee"i &e-in% +%"i t%-#n

ke t%-#n te"5%+i $enink%t%n i!$o" %n+#!. H%+i( 2;/;3.


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B%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t BAL3 %+%l%- kelo!$ok '%kte"i "%! $o&iti, 'e"'ent#k kok#&

%t%# '%t%n( ti+%k !e!'ent#k &$o"%( -# o$ti!#! @ 9;;C( $%+% #!#!n)% ti+%k !otil(

'e"&i,%t %n%e"o'( k%t%l%&e ne%ti, +%n ok&i+%&e $o&iti,( +en%n %&%! l%kt%t &e'%%i $"o+#k

#t%!% ,e"!ent%&i k%"'o-i+"%t. Si,%t6&i,%t k-#& '%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t %+%l%- !%!$# t#!'#-

$%+% k%+%" #l%( %lko-ol( +%n %"%! )%n tini( !%!$# !e!,e"!ent%&ik%n !ono&%k%"i+%

+%n +i&%k%"i+% S)%-"#"%-!%n( /0093.

Se'%i%n 'e&%" BAL +%$%t t#!'#- &%!% '%ikn)% +i link#n%n )%n !e!iliki +%n

ti+%k !e!iliki O2 ti+%k &en&iti, te"-%+%$ O23( &e-in% te"!%k %n%e"o' %e"otole"%n.

B%kte"i )%n te"olon +%l%! BAL !e!iliki 'e'e"%$% k%"%kte"i&tik te"tent# )%n !eli$#ti

ti+%k !e!iliki $o",i"in +%n &itok"o!( k%t%l%&e ne%ti,( ti+%k !el%k#k%n ,o&,o"il%&i t"%n&$o"

elekt"on( +%n -%n)% !en+%$%tk%n ene"i +%"i ,o&,o"il%&i '&t"%t. H%!$i" &e!#% BAL -%n)%

!e!$e"ole- ene"i +%"i !et%'oli&!e #l% &e-in% -%'it%t $e"t#!'#-%nn)% -%n)% te"'%t%&

$%+% link#n%n )%n !en)e+i%k%n *#k#$ #l% %t%# 'i&% +i&e'#t +en%n link#n%n )%n

k%)% n#t"i&i. Ke!%!$#%n !e"ek% #nt#k !en%&ilk%n &en)%7% 'io&inte&i&3 5#% te"'%t%& +%n

ke'#t#-%n n#t"i&i ko!$lek& BAL !eli$#ti %&%! %!ino( 4it%!in( $#"in( +%n $i"i!i+in.

B%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t +%$%t +i'e+%k%n %t%& 2 kelo!$ok 'e"+%&%"k%n -%&il

,e"!ent%&in)%( )%it#

/. B%kte"i -o!o,e"!ent%ti, l#ko&% +i,e"!ent%&i !en-%&ilk%n %&%! l%kt%t &e'%%i &%t#6

&%t#n)% $"o+#k. Conto- Streptococus, Pediococcus, +%n beberapa Lactobacillus.

2. B%kte"i -ete"o,e"!ent%ti, l#ko&% +i,e"!ent%&ik%n &el%in !en-%&ilk%n %&%! l%kt%t 5#%

!e!$"o+#k&i &en)%7%6&en)%7% l%inn)% )%it# et%nol( %&%! %&et%t +%n CO2.

Conto- Leuconostoc( +%n 'e'e"%$% &$e&ie& Lactobacillus.

Be"ik#t !e"#$%k%n 'e'e"%$% 5eni& '%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t( %nt%"% l%in &e'%%i 'e"ik#t

/. Streptococcus thermophilus, Streptococcus lactis +%n Streptococcus cremoris. Se!#%n)% ini

%+%l%- '%kte"i "%! $o&iti,( 'e"'ent#k '#l%t *o**#&3 )%n te"+%$%t &e'%%i "%nt%i +%n

&e!#%n)% !e!$#n)%i nil%i ekono!i& $entin +%l%! in+#&t"i .

2. Pediococcus cerevisae.

B%kte"i ini %+%l%- "%! $o&iti, 'e"'ent#k '#l%t( k-#&n)% te"+%$%t 'e"$%&%n%n %t%#

'e"e!$%t tet"%+&3. W%l%#$#n 5eni& ini te"*%t%t &e'%%i $e"#&%k 'i" +%n %n#"( '%kte"i ini

'e"$e"%n $entin +%l%! ,e"!ent%&i +%in +%n &%)#"%n.


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>. Leuconostoc mesenteroides +%n Leuconostoc dextranicum.

B%kte"i ini %+%l%- "%! $o&iti, 'e"'ent#k '#l%t )%n te"+%$%t &e*%"% 'e"$%&%n%n %t%# "%nt%i

$en+ek. B%kte"i6'%kte"i ini 'e"$e"%n%n +%l%! $e"#&%k%n l%"#t%n #l% +en%n $"o+#k&i

$e"t#!'#-%n +ek&t"%n 'e"len+i". W%l%#$#n +e!iki%n( '%kte"i6'%kte"i ini !e"#$%k%n 5eni&

)%n $entin +%l%! /1 $e"!#l%%n ,e"!ent%&i &%)#"%n +%n 5#% +ite!#k%n +%l%! &%"i '#%-(

%n#"( +%n '%-%n$%n%n l%inn)%.

9. Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus

plantarum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii.

O"%ni&!e6o"%ni&!e ini %+%l%- '%kte"i 'e"'ent#k '%t%n( "%! $o&iti, +%n &e"in 'e"'ent#k

$%&%n%n +%n "%nt%i +%"i &el6&eln)%. Jeni& ini #!#!n)% le'i- t%-%n te"-%+%$ ke%+%%n %&%!

+%"i $%+% 5eni&65eni& Pediococcus %t%# Streptococcus+%n ole- k%"en%n)% !en5%+i le'i-

'%n)%k te"+%$%t $%+% &%)#"%n. P%+% -e7%n te"n%k l%in &e$e"ti &%$i '%li +%$%t +ite!#k%n

'%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t &e$e"ti Lactobacillus lactis +%n Lactobacillus brevis S#%"+%n%( 2;;=3

S#!%nti 2;;13.

B. FERMENTASI ASAM LAKTAT

Fe"!ent%&i %+%l%- %t# %kti,i4it%& !ik"oo"%ni&!e te"-%+%$ &en)%7% !olek#l

o"%nik ko!$lek &e$e"ti $"otein( k%"'o-i+"%t( +%n le!%k )%n !en#'%- &en)%7%6&en)%7%

te"&e'#t !en5%+i !olek#l6!olek#l )%n le'i- &e+e"-%n%( !#+%- l%"#t +%n ke*e"n%%n tini.

Fe"!ent%&i +%$%t te"5%+i k%"en% %+%n)% %kti4it%& !ik"o'% $en)e'%' ,e"!ent%&i $%+% '&t"%t

o"%nik )%n &e%i.

A&%! l%kt%t !e"#$%k%n '%-%n ki!i% &e"'%#n% )%n +i#n%k%n &e'%%i

/. A&i+#l%n( %"o!% +%n $en%7et +%l%! in+#&t"i !%k%n%n( o'%t6o'%t%n( +%n tek&til.

2. P"o+#k&i '%-%n ki!i% +%&%"

>. Poli!e"i&%&i '%-%n )%n !#+%- +i"o!'%k )%it# $ol) l%*ti+ %*i+ PLA3 Hi+%)%t( 2;;3.

Pen#5i%n ti$e ,e"!ent%&i +il%k#k%n +en%n #5i $"o+#k&i %&. B%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t

te"+%$%t +#% ti$e ,e"!ent%&i( )%it# -o!o,e"!ent%&i +%n -ete"o,e"!ent%&i. B%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t

-o!o,e"!ent%&i -%n)% !en-%&ilk%n %&%! l%kt%t &e'%%i $"o+#k #t%!% ,e"!ent%&in)%

&e+%nk%n '%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t -ete"o,e"!ent%&i &el%in %&%! l%kt%t 5#% !en-%&ilk%n et%nol(

%&%! l%in &e$e"ti %&%! %&et%t &e"t% %& CO2. Se-in% %$%'il% '%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t )%n +i#5i

!en-%&ilk%n %& )%n te"t%!$#n +%l%! t%'#n D#"-%!( '%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t te"&e'#t

+in)%t%k%n &e'%%i -ete"o,e"!ent%&i &e+%nk%n i&ol%t )%n ti+%k !en-%&ilk%n %t%#

!e!$"o+#k&i %& +i&e'#t -o!o,e"!ent%&i S#")%ni( 2;/;3.

C. FAKTOR6 FAKTOR ANG MEMPENGARUHI PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI ASAM

LAKTAT


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/. L%!% Fe"!ent%&i

Mik"oo"%ni&!e +iinok#l%&i $%+% !e+i%( $e"t#!'#-%n )%n te"li-%t !#l%6!#l% %+%l%-

%t# $e!'e&%"%n #k#"%n( 4ol#!e +%n 'e"%t &el. Ketik% #k#"%nn)% tel%- !en*%$%i ki"%6ki"%

+#% k%li +%"i 'e&%" &el no"!%l( &el te"&e'#t !e!'el%- +%n !en-%&ilk%n +#% &el. Sel6&el

te"&e'#t ke!#+i%n t#!'#- +%n !e!'el%- +i"i !en-%&ilk%n e!$%t &el. Sel%!% kon+i&i

!e!#nkink%n( $e"t#!'#-%n +%n $e!'el%-%n &el 'e"l%nn te"#& &%!$%i &e5#!l%- 'e&%"

$o$#l%&i &el te"'ent#k.W%kt# %nt%"% !%&in6!%&in $e!'el%-%n &el 'e"'e+%6'e+% te"%nt#n

+%"i &$e&ie& +%n kon+i&i link#n%nn)%( tet%$i #nt#k ke'%n)%k%n '%kte"i 7%kt# ini 'e"ki&%"

%nt%"% /; 8 ; !enit. Ti$e $e"t#!'#-%n )%n *e$%t ini +i&e'#t $e"t#!'#-%n lo%"it!i& %t%#

ek&$onen&i%l k%"en% 'il% lo 5#!l%- &el +i%!'%"k%n te"-%+%$ 7%kt# +%l%! "%,ik %k%n

!en#n5#kk%n %"i& l#"#&.

2. $H ke%&%!%n3

M%k%n%n )%n !en%n+#n %&%! 'i%&%n)% t%-%n l%!%( tet%$i 5ik% ok&ien *#k#$

5#!l%-n)% +%n '%kte"i +%$%t t#!'#- &e"t% ,e"!ent%&i 'e"l%nn te"#&( !%k% +%)% %7et +%"i

%&%! te"&e'#t %k%n -il%n. P%+% ke%+%%n ini !ik"o'% $"oteolitik +%n li$olitik +%$%t

'e"ke!'%n 'i%k.

>. S#-#

Ti%$6ti%$ !ik"oo"%ni&!e !e!iliki -# $e"t#!'#-%n !%k&i!%l( !ini!%l +%n o$ti!%l

)%it# -# )%n !e!'e"ik%n $e"t#!'#-%n te"'%ik +%n $e"'%n)%k%n +i"i te"*e$%t.

Mik"oo"%ni&!e +%$%t +ikl%&i,ik%&ik%n !en5%+i ti% kelo!$ok 'e"+%&%"k%n -#

$e"t#!'#-%n )%n +i$e"l#k%nn)% )%it# olon%n $&ik"o,il( t#!'#- $%+% -# +inin +en%n

-# o$ti!%l /; 8 2;C( olon%n !e&o,il t#!'#- $%+% -# &e+%n +en%n -# o$ti!%l 2;

8 9:C +%n olon%n te"!o,il t#!'#- $%+% -#tini +en%n -# o$ti!%l :; 8 ;C.

B%kte"i 'e"4%"i%&i +%l%! -%l -# o$ti!#! #nt#k $e"t#!'#-%n +%n $e!'ent#k%n %&%!.

Ke'%n)%k%n '%kte"i +%l%! k#lt#" l%kt%t !e!$#n)%i -# o$ti!#! >;C( tet%$i 'e'e"%$%

k#lt#" +%$%t !e!'ent#k %&%! +en%n ke*e$%t%n )%n &%!% $%+% -# >=C !%#$#n >;C.

9. Ok&ien

Te"&e+i%n)% ok&ien +%$%t !e!$en%"#-i $e"t#!'#-%n !ik"oo"%ni&!e. B%kte"i

+ikl%&i,ik%&ik%n !en5%+i e!$%t kelo!$ok )%it# %e"o' o'li%tt#!'#- 5ik% $e"&e+i%%n ok&ien

'%n)%k3( %e"o' ,%k#lt%ti, t#!'#- 5ik% ok&ien *#k#$( 5#% +%$%t t#!'#- &e*%"% %n%e"o'3(

%n%e"o' o'li%t t#!'#- 5ik% ti+%k %+% ok&ien3 +%n %n%e"o' ,%k#lt%ti, t#!'#- 5ik% ti+%k %+%

ok&ien 5#% +%$%t t#!'#- &e*%"% %e"o'3 S#$%"+i( /0003.

D. PRINSIP KERJA


7/16

P"in&i$ +%&%" $e!'#%t%n te$#n MOCAF %+%l%- +en%n $"in&i$ !e!o+i,ik%&i &el #'i

k%)# &e*%"% ,e"!ent%&i. Mik"o'% )%n t#!'#- %k%n !en-%&ilk%n en?i! $ektinolitik +%n

&ell#lolitik )%n +%$%t !en-%n*#"k%n +in+in &el #'i k%)# &e+e!iki%n "#$% &e-in% te"5%+i

li'e"%&i "%n#l% $%ti. P"o&e& li'e"%li&%&i ini %k%n !en)e'%'k%n $e"#'%-%n k%"%kte"i&tik +%"i

te$#n )%n +i-%&ilk%n 'e"#$% n%ikn)% 4i&ko&it%&( ke!%!$#%n el%&i( +%)% "e-i+"%&i( +%n

ke!#+%-%n !el%"#t. Sel%n5#tn)%( "%n#l% $%ti te"&e'#t %k%n !en%l%!i -i+"oli&i& )%n

!en-%&ilk%n !ono&%k%"i+% &e'%%i '%-%n '%k# #nt#k !en-%&ilk%n %&%!6%&%! o"%nik.

Sen)%7% %&%! ini %k%n te"i!'i'i&i +%l%! '%-%n( +%n ketik% '%-%n te"&e'#t +iol%- %k%n +%$%t

!en-%&ilk%n %"o!% +%n *it% "%&% k-%& )%n +%$%t !en#t#$i %"o!% +%n *it%"%&% #'i k%)#

)%n *en+e"#n ti+%k !en)en%nk%n.

BAB III

METODOLOGI

A. ALAT

Al%t )%n +i#n%k%n %+%l%- !ie"( $i&%#( el%& #k#"( o4en( %l%t $e!oton #'i(

$enilin #'i( l%'# K5ei+%-l( ek&t"%kto"( $en%)%k( e"len!e)e"( l%!$# &$i"t#&( k%ki ti%(

k%&% %&'e&( +e&ik%to"( ke"t%& &%"in( *%7%n( %l#!#ni#! ,oil( +%n In+#*ti4el) Co#$le+ Pl%&!%

O$ti*%l E!i&&ion S$e*t"o!et") ICP6OES3.


8/16

B. BAHAN

B%-%n )%n +i#n%k%n +%l%! $eneliti%n ini %+%l%- #'i k%)# &e%"( '%kte"i %&%! l%kt%t(

%"%! +%$#" !e"k S#$"%6S%lt +en%n k%n+#n%n N%Cl 00.2:


9/16

P%"%!ete" )%n +i%n%li&i& )%it# k%+%" le!%k( k%+%" $"otein( k%+%" %'#( k%+%" &e"%t

k%&%"( k%+%" %i"( k%+%" k%"'o-i+"%t( k%+%" $%ti( k%+%" HCN( +%n $en#5i%n !ine"%l.

/. An%li&% k%+%" le!%k AOAC 2;;>3

K%+%" le!%k $%+% te$#n !o*%, +itent#k%n +en%n AOAC 2;;>3. Te$#n !o*%,

&e'%n)%k :; "%! +i'#nk#& +en%n ke"t%& &%"in +ilet%kk%n +i +%l%! ek&t"%kto" +%n

+iekt"%k +en%n &ol4ent n6-e%ne tekni& $%+% -# =:oC &el%!% 9 5%! %%" li$i+% +%l%!

!%n"o4e +%- 'en%"6'en%" te"ek&t"%k &e!#% &e-in% $"o&e&n)% +%$%t +i-entik%n.

Sel%n5#tn)%( -%&il )%n +i$e"ole- 'e"#$% *%!$#"%n li$i+ +%n n6-e%ne +i+i&til%&i #nt#k

!e!i&%-k%n ke+#%n)%. Ek&t"%k 'e"#$% li$i+% +i!%kk%n 'otol )%n &e'el#!n)% tel%-

+iti!'%n. P%n%&k%n l%i $%+% -# 1;oC #nt#k !en+%$%tk%n -%&il )%n !#"ni. Ke!#+i%n

+iti!'%n -%&iln)%.

2. An%li&% K%+%" P"otein AOAC 2;;>3

K%n+#n%n $"otein +itent#k%n +en%n %n%li&% k%n+#n%n nit"oen. J#!l%- tot%l

$"otein +itent#k%n +en%n !en%lik%n 5#!l%- nit"oen +en%n ,%kto" ko"ek&i &e'e&%"

(2:.U5i k%n+#n%n $"otein +il%k#k%n +en%n *%"% !en#5i k%+%" Nit"oen +%l%! &%!$el

te$#n !o*%,3. H%&iln)% +ikon4e"&i +en%n !en%lik%n k%+%" nit"oen )%n +i+%$%t +en%n

(2:. H%&il kon4e"&i )%n +i+%$%t it# !e"#$%k%n k%n+#n%n $"otein +%l%! &%!$el. U5i k%+%" nit"oen( &%!$el &e'%n)%k "%! +i!%kk%n +%l%! l%'# K5ei+%-l. T%!'%-k%n %i" &e'%n)%k

/:; !L ke+%l%!n)%. /;; !L HCl / N +%n 'e'e"%$% tete& in+ik%to" !i +i!%kk%n ke

+%l%! e"len!e)e" )%n ke!#+i%n +i-#'#nk%n +en%n l%'# K5ei+%-l. P%n%&k%n $%+% -#

/;;oC. Setel%- !en+i+i-( t%!'%-k%n 2> !L l%"#t%n N%OH >;< ke +%l%! l%'# K5ei+%-l.

Pe!%n%&%n +i-entik%n %$%'il% ti+%k %+% )%n !enete& l%i $%+% e"len!e)e" t%k %+% %li"%n ke

e"len!e)e"3. H%&il l%"#t%n )%n +i e"len!e)e" +itit"%&i +en%n HCl -in% 7%"n%n)% 'e"#'%-

!en5%+i ke-i5%#%n.

>. An%li&% K%+%" A'# AOAC 2;;>3

K%n+#n%n %&- %'#3 +%l%! te$#n !o*%, +itent#k%n +en%n AOAC 2;;>3.

Penent#%n %&-( *%7%n ko&on +%n 'e"&i- +i$%n%&k%n $%+% -# ;; >3 ;C &el%!% / 5%!

+%l%! !#,,le ,#"n%*e. Ke!#+i%n +i+inink%n +%l%! +e&ik%to" +%n +iti!'%n. Be"%t *%7%n

ko&on +i*%t%t &e'%%i W/. / "%! &%!$el te$#n !o*%,3 +it%"#- +%l%! *%7%n W 23.

Ke!#+i%n *%7%n te"&e'#t +ilet%kk%n +%l%! !#,,le ,#"n%*e $%+% -# 9;; ;C &el%!% 5%!.

Ke!#+i%n *%7%n +i+inink%n +%l%! +e&ik%to" +%n +iti!'%n W>3

9. An%li&% K%+%" Se"%t AOAC 2;;>3


10/16

K%+%" &e"%t +itent#k%n +en%n AOAC 2;;>3. S%!$el ;(: "%! W/3 +it%!'%-k%n

/:; !l H2SO9 +%n 'e'e"%$% tete& %*etone &e'%%i %nti ,o%!in. C%!$#"%n ke!#+i%n

+i$%n%&k%n /;; oC -in% !#l%i !en+i+i-. Ke!#+i%n -# +ik#"%ni !en5%+i 9: oC &el%!%

>; !enit. En+%$%n +i&%"in +en%n ke"t%& &%"in +%n +i*#*i +en%n %#%+e&t -in% 'e'%&

%&%!. Ke!#+i%n +en%n $"o&e+#" )%n &%!% +i#l%ni +en%n !en#n%k%n KOH. Ke"t%&

&%"in 'e&e"t% en+%$%nn)% +i$%n%&k%n +%l%! o4en $%+% -# /:; oC &el%!% / 5%!( ke!#+i%n

+ilet%kk%n +%l%! +e&ik%to" +%n +iti!'%n W23. En+%$%n +%n ke"t%& &%"in +ilet%kk%n *%7%n

$en#%$ +%n +i$%n%&k%n +%l%! ,#"n%*e &el%!% >69 5%!( ke!#+i%n +i let%kk%n +%l%!

+e&ik%to" +%n +iti!'%n W>3.

:. An%li&% K%+%" Ai" AOAC 2;;>3

K%+%" %i" +itent#k%n +en%n !ene"ink%n &%!$el te$#n !o*%, W: ke +%l%! o4en

$%+% -# 1;; C ke!#+i%n +i+inink%n +i +%l%! +e&ik%to" +%n +iti!'%n. Pene"in%n

+il%k#k%n 'e"#l%n #l%n -in% 'e"%tn)% kon&t%n W23 .

. An%li&% K%+%" K%"'o-i+"%t

An%li&% k%+%" k%"'o-i+"%t !en#n%k%n $e"-it#n%n < k%"'o-i+"%t /;;< 6 <

$"otein < le!%k < %'# < %i".

=. An%li&% K%+%" P%ti

Ti!'%n 26: "%! *onto- )%n 'e"#$% '%-%n $%+%t )%n tel%- +i-%l#&k%n( t%!'%-k%n

:; !l %#%+e&t +%n %+#k &el%!% / 5%!. S#&$en&i +i&%"in +en%n ke"t%& &%"in +%n +i*#*i

+en%n %#%+e&t &%!$%i 4ol#!e ,ilt"%t 2:; !l. P%ti )%n te"+%$%t &e'%%i "e&i+# $%+% ke"t%&

&%"in +i*#*i : k%li +en%n /; !l ete" 'i%"k%n ete" !en#%$ +%"i "e&i+#( ke!#+i%n *#*i l%i

+en%n /:; !l %lko-ol /;


11/16

&%"in. Tent#k%n k%+%" #l% )%n +in)%t%k%n &e'%%i l#ko&% +%"i ,ilt"%t )%n +i$e"ole-.

Penent#%n l#ko&% &e$e"ti $%+% $enent#%n #l% "e+#k&i. Be"%t l#ko&% +ik%lik%n ;(0

!e"#$%k%n 'e"%t $%ti.

1. An%li&% K%+%" HCN

Ti!'%n &%!$el &e'%n)%k /: " l%l# t%!'%-k%n +en%n /;; !L %#%+e& +%n

+ilet%kk%n $%+% l%'# K5el+%-l( ke!#+i%n +il%k#k%n $e"en+%!An &el%!% 2 5%!. Setel%- it#(

+it%!'%-k%n l%i /;; !L %#%+e&( ke!#+i%n +i+i&til%&i +en%n #%$ &te%!3. T%!$#n

+i&til%t +%l%! e"len!e)e" 'e"i&i 2; !L N%OH 2.:


12/16

BAB IV

HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

A. ANALISA KADAR ABU

K%+%" %'# &inkon le'i- tini +%"i $%+% k%+%" %'# te$#n !o*%, -%l ini +%$%t

+ili-%t +%"i 7%"n% te$#n )%n +i-%&ilk%n( +i!%n% te$#n &inkon t%n$% !el%l#i ,e"!ent%&i

7%"n%n)% %%k k#nin &e+%nk%n te$#n !o*%, !e!$#n)%i 7%"n% )%n le'i- $#ti- . H%l ini

+i&e'%'k%n k%"en% ke!%!$#%n +%"i !ik"oo"%ni&!e +%l%! $e"#'%-%n 7%"n% $"o+#k

,e"!ent%&i. K%+%" A'# Tet%$i ti+%k %+% $e"#'%-%n )%n &ini,ik%n kon&t%n3 $%+% te$#n

!o*%, +en%n L%*to'%*il#& $l%nt%"#!( S%**-%"o!)*e& *e"e4i&%e +%n R-i?o$#& o")?%e k%"en%

k%+%" %'# ti+%k +i$en%"#-i ole- l%!%n)% 7%kt# ,e"!ent%&i.

B. ANALISA KADAR SERAT

K%+%" &e"%t &inkon le'i- tini +%"i $%+% k%+%" &e"%t te$#n !o*%,( -%l ini +%$%t

+ili-%t k%"%kte"i&tik kele!'#t%n te$#n )%n +i-%&ilk%n( +i!%n% te$#n &inkon t%n$%

!el%l#i ,e"!ent%&i( te$#n )%n +i-%&ilk%n %%k k%&%" &e+%nk%n te$#n !o*%, le'i- le!'#t.

H%l ini +i&e'%'k%n k%"en% ke!%!$#%n +%"i !ik"oo"%ni&!e +%l%! $e"#'%-%n tek&t#" $"o+#k

,e"!ent%&i Mik"oo"%ni&!e !%!$# !en-i+"oli&% &e"%t )%n 'e"#$% $oli&%k%"i+% &el#lo&%3

!en5%+i !ono&%k%"i+% l#ko&%3.

K%+%" &e"%t te"en+%- +i$e"ole- $%+% te$#n !o*%, -%&il ,e"!ent%&i !en#n%k%n

L%*to'%*ill#& $l%nt%"#!( S%**-%"o!)*e& *e"e4i&%e +%n R-i?o$#& o")?%e &el%!% > -%"i( )%it#

>(/2 < +%n 2(9:0.

C. ANALISA KADAR LEMAK

Ken%ik%n k%+%" le!%k +%"i te$#n !o*%, &el%!% $"o&e& ,e"!ent%&i( n%!#n ti+%k

te"l%l# &ini,ik%n. K%+%" le!%k te"tini $%+% te$#n !o*%, -%&il ,e"!ent%&i &el%!% > -%"i

!en#n%k%n S%**-%"o!)*e& *e"e4i&e%e( )%it# &e'e&%" >(>: < +%n R-i?o$#& o")?%e &e'e&%"

>(=: < &e+%nk%n $%+% ,e"!ent%&i !en#n%k%n L%*to'%*ill#& $l%nt%"#! k%+%" le!%k

te"tini $%+% ,e"!ent%&i &el%!% 9 -%"i( )%it# &e'e&%" 2(1=


13/16

!'e" ko!o+it%& +%"i !in)%k. Min)%k )%n )%n +i-%&ilk%n +i&e'#t &e'%%i &inle *ell oil

SCO3( )%n !e"#$%k%n e#,e!i&!e !i"i$ +en%n &inle *ell $"otein )%n 'i%&% +i#n%k%n

#nt#k !en#n5#kk%n $"otein )%n 'e"%&%l +%"i !ik"oo"%ni&!e &el t#n%l.

D. ANALISA KADAR PROTEIN

K%+%" $"otein &inkon le'i- "en+%- +%"i $%+% k%+%" $"otein te$#n !o*%,. K%+%"

$"otein te"tini +i$e"ole- $%+% te$#n !o*%, -%&il ,e"!ent%&i !en#n%k%n S%**-%"o!)*e&

*e"e4i&%e +%n R-i?o$#& o")?%e &el%!% > -%"i( )%it# 2(20; < +%n 9(=22


14/16

Pen#"#n%n k%+%" HCN $%+% te$#n !o*%, &el%!% $"o&e& ,e"!ent%&i 'e"l%nn.

K%+%" HCN te"en+%- $%+% te$#n !o*%, -%&il ,e"!ent%&i !en#n%k%n L%*to'%*ill#&

$l%nt%"#! +i$e"ole- $%+% ,e"!ent%&i : -%"i( )%it# &e'e&%" /(1;; !k. Se+%nk%n $%+%

S%**-%"o!)*e& *e"e4i&%e +%n R-i?o$#& +i$e"ole- $%+% ,e"!ent%&i > -%"i( )%it# &e'e&%" 2(1:;

!k +%n 2(==: !k. Pen#"#n%n k%+%" HCN ini +i&e'%'k%n k%"en% !ik"oo"%!i&!e

!%!$# !e!e*%- &i%noenik liko&i+% +%n $"o+#k t#"#n%nn)%. Sel%in it# $"o+#k ol%-%n

&inkon )%n !eli'%tk%n $"o&e& $e"en+%!%n +%n $en*#*i%n +en%n %i" $%n%&( $"o&e&

,e"!ent%&i +%n $"o&e& $ene"in%n +%$%t !en#"#nk%n k%+%" HCN $%+% &inkon. P"o&e&

$e"en+%!%n +%n $en*#*i%n +en%n %i" $%n%& +%$%t !en-il%nk%n HCN( &e'%' HCN !#+%-

l%"#t +%l%! %i" +%n !e!$#n)%i titik +i+i- 20C. K%+%" HCN H%&il #5i &t%ti&tik !en#n5#k%n

'%-7% !eto+e ini &e*%"% n)%t% +%$%t !en#"#nk%n k%+%" HCN +%n &e!%kin l%!% $"o&e&

$e"en+%!%n !%k% !%kin tini $e"&ent%&e $en#"#n%n k%+%" HCN. Di&%!$in it# 5#% *%"%

$e"en+%!%n +%$%t !el%"#tk%n &en)%7% lin%!%"in +%n lot%#&t"%lin( &e"t% !e!%*#

$e"t#!'#-%n !ik"oo"%ni&!e )%n +%$%t !en#"%ik%n "%*#n !en5%+i %&%! o"%nik. Meto+e

,e"!ent%&i &inkon 'e"t#5#%n in%kti4%&i en?i! lin%!%"%&e &e-in% ti+%k 'i&% !enk%t%li&i&

$e!'ent#k%n HCN.

G. KANDUNGAN MINERAL

T%'el /. K%n+#n%n Mine"%l Te$#n Mo*%,

Men#n%k%n S%**-%"o!)*e& &e"e4i&e%e

T%'el 2.

K%n+#n%n Mine"%l

Te$#n Mo*%,

Men#n%k%n Rhizopus oryzae

Rhizopus oryzae

L%!%

Fe"!ent%&i

C% $$!3 Fe $$!3 M $$!3 n $$!3

S%**-%"o!)*e& *e"e4i&%e

L%!%

Fe"!ent%&i

-%"i3

C% $$!3 Fe $$!3 M $$!3 n $$!3

; >1(::; 2(0:;; ND ND

> >=(0: /(;>;; ND ND

: >=(:0: ND ND ND


15/16

-%"i3

; >1(::;; 2(0:;; ND ND

> >=(>;;; 9(:>; ND ND

: >1(90:; 9(/2; ND ND

T%'le >. k%n+#n%n Mine"%l Te$#n Mo*%,

Men#n%k%n Lactobacillus plantarum

L%!%

Fe"!ent%&i

-%"i3

C% $$!3 Fe $$!3 M $$!3 n $$!3

; >1(::;; 2(0:;; ND ND

> >0(>:; 9(12;; ND ND: 99(0=:; 9(9=;; ND ND

BAB V

PENUTUP

A. KESIMPULAN

Te$#n !o*%, +%$%t +i-%&ilk%n +en%n $"o&e& ,e"!ent%&i !en#n%k%n L%*to'%*ill#&

$l%nt%"#!( S%**-%"o!)*e& *e"e4i&e%e( +%n R-i?o$#& o")?%e. L%*to'%*ill#& $l%nt%"#!(

S%**-%"o!)*e& *e"e4i&e%e( +%n R-i?o$#& o")?%e )%n -%"%n)% !#"%- +%n non $%t-oen

+%$%t !enink%tk%n k%+%" $"otein +%n !en#"#nk%n k%+%" HCN $%+% te$#n !o*%,. Te$#n!o*%, +en%n k%n+#n%n n#t"i&i te"'%ik +i-%&ilk%n $%+% 7%kt# ,e"!ent%&i > -%"i +en%n

!en#n%k%n S%**-%"o!)*e& *e"e4i&e%e +%n R-i?o$#& o")?%e( &e+%nk%n +en%n $"o&e&

,e"!ent%&i !en#n%k%n L%*to'%*ill#& $l%nt%"#! te$#n !o*%, te"'%ik $%+% 7%kt#

,e"!ent%&i : -%"i. Te$#n !o*%, )%n +i-%&ilk%n +%"i k%"%kte"i&tik ,i&ik -%!$i" !en)e"#$%i

te$#n te"i#( &e+%nk%n #nt#k k%n+#n%n n#t"i&i $"otein te$#n te"i# !%&i- le'i- '%ik +%"i

te$#n moca.


16/16

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

A!"i( E.( +%n P#t"i P"%ti7i. 2;/9. Pembuatan Moca !Modiied "assaa #lour$ dengan Proses

#ermentasi Menggunakan %eberapa &enis Ragi

B#*kle( K.A.( R.A. E+7%"+&( G.H. Fleet( %n+ M. Wooton. /01=. 'lmu Pangan. Uni4e"&it%& In+one&i%

P"e&&. J%k%"t%. >: -l!

H%-n( S. K. /002. "yanide and tannin, traditional processing and utilizatin o cassava in (rica.

Inte"n%tion%l In&tit#te ,o" T"o$i*%l A"i*#lt#"e IITA3.

H%"&ono. 2;;. %ioteknologi. J%k%"t% #+-i&ti"%

Hi+%)%t. N#".( M%&+i%n% P.( +%n S#-%"tini( S. 2;;. Mikrobiologi 'ndustri. o)%k%"t% Pene"'it

An+i

G#n%7%n( S.( Wi+5%5%( T.( +kk. 2;/:. Eect o ermenting cassava )ith Lactobacillus plantarum,

Saccharomyces cereviseae, and Rhizopus oryzae on the chemical composition o their lour .

M#"tinin&i- +%n S#)%nti. 2;//. Membuat *epung +mbi dan ariasi -lahannya. J%k%"t%

A"oMe+i% P#&t%k%

S%li! E. 2;//. Mengolah Singkong Menadi *epung Moca . P 9 6 ::. o)%k%"t% Lil) P#'li&-e"

S#%"+%n%( W. 2;;=. 'solasi dan 'dentiikasi %akteri (sam Laktat dari "airan Rumen Sapi %ali

sebagai /andidat %iopreservati . J#"n%l Vete"ine" Vol.1 No.9/::6/:0.

S#")%ni( .( +%n Okt%4i%( B.. 2;/;. %iologi dan Pengembangan Proesi Pendidik %iologi, 'solasi dan

/arakterisasi %akteri (sam Laktat dari Limbah /otoran (yam sebagai (gensi Probiotik dan

Enzim /olestrol Reduktase( P"o&i+in > J#li

S)%-"#"%*-!%n( A. /009. Mikrobiologi /edokteran Edisi Revisi. J%k%"t% Pene"'it Bin% R#$% Ak&%"%

hasil review jurnal bioteknologi pembuatan tepung mocaf dengan cara fermentasi

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