virologi 2

7/17/2019 Virologi 2

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VirologiDrh. Erina, M.Sc


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Morfologi Sifat kimia dan sika Replikasi virus

Sistem imunitas host terhadap infeksi viruscara penularan dan siklus hidup virus

Dasar-dasar virologi


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Perbedaan virus danbakteri

Virus Bakteri

Susunan Kimiawi virus terdiri dariDN atau RN

!akteri terdiri dariDN dan RN

"kuran #$%&$nm '$mikron

(empat hidup )*ligatintraseluler

+ntraselulerekstraseluler

meta*olisme irus tidak adasistem en-im

Mensintesis en-imuntuk

meta*olismeDaa mutasi irus *isa

mengu*ah sifatantigen

/ara *erkem*ang

*iak

Menginfeksi sel

hospes

!inar sion


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0atogenesitas1 aitu kemampuan organisme untukmenim*ulkan penakit

0enakit1 respon inang2host terhadap infeksi *erupatergangguna fungsi normal

+nfeksi1 m.o memasuki 3aringan tu*uh 4m.o meneranghost5

irus paotgen1 virus ang mampu menim*ulkanpenakit

irulensi1 dera3at kemampuan suatu mikroorganisme

untuk mene*a*kan infeksi 6aktor virulensi1 sesuatu hal ang terdapat dalam m.o

ang mene*a*kan penakit +sohedral1 *entuk dari nukleokapsi

Beberapa defnisi


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irion1 partikel virus ang lengkap Nukleokapsid1 asam nukleat ang dilapisi oleh selu*ung

protein 4kapsid5, nukleokapsid ada ang *erselu*ungada ang tidak

Kapsid1 selu*ung protein ang melapisi asam nukleat.

Kapsid terdiri dari *anak kapsomer ang merupakanunit dari kapsid terse*ut. !entuk kapsomer ada ang*er*entuk ku*us ada ang *er*entuk spiral 4helikal5

+kosehedral1 *entuk dari nukleokapsid ang tersusundari ku*us simetri, terdiri dari '#, , 7#,... Kapsomer

sedangkan spiral simetris dari nukleokapsid akanmem*entuk silinder ang tersusun dari se*uah sum*urotasi dari asam nukleat ang di*atasi oleh kapsomer%kapsomer


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!erdasarkan penakit ang ditim*ulkan1

0oliovirus

Ra*ies virus

8enis penakit Marine leukimia virus vian in9uen-a virus

0enemuna Epstein%!arr virus

!agaimana mereka diperkirakan *isa menim*ulkan penakit

Dengue virus 4evil spirit5 +n9uen-a virus 4in9uence of *ad air5

Kom*inasi dari hal%hal terse*ut diatas Rous Sarcoma virus

Cara pemberian nama padavirus


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Patogenesa virus


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Virus Classification

Viruses

Nucleic acid: DNA RNA

Envelope: Yes No

Symmetry: Cubic Helical

(Icosahedral) (Cylindrical)


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hape of Viruses

Spherical

Rod-shaped

Brick-shaped Tadpole-shaped

Bullet-shaped

Filament


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hapes of Viruses:Spherical


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Shapes of Viruses:Rod-shaped


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Shapes of Viruses:Brick-shaped.


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Tadpole-shaped


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Shapes of Viruses:Bullet-shaped


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Shapes of Viruses:Filament


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hape of Viruses

Spherical

Rod-shaped

Brick-shaped Tadpole-shaped

Bullet-shaped

Filament


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Virion vs virus

Virionis the infectious particle

composed ofnucleic acid, proteincapsid, :2%envelope

ma *ee;tracellular orintracellular

Virusis an stage of infection


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Capsid

6unctions 0rotection of N

ttachment for naked viruses

En-me


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International Congress onTaxonomy o Viruses Morpology

virion si-e

enveloped or nakednucleocapsid

capsid smmetrand structure

!enome"ara"teristi"s

#epli"ationstrategy

Antigenic Properties


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Viral Replication

i) adsorption (attachment)

ii) entry

iii) uncoating

iv) transcriptionv) synthesis o virus components

vi) assembly

vii) release


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Host - Organism Relationship

Interaction bet!een host and organism

aecting the development and outcome o

an inection includes"

Host#s primary physical barriers

Host#s immunologic ability to control and eliminate the

invading organisms

$rganism#s ability to evade destruction%virulence

Ability o organism to spread in the body


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Virulence of Viruses & Evasion of the

mmune Response

&oorly understood processes"

Antigenic variation

'ome viruses encode receptors or various

mediators o immunity (eg I* + ,N-) thus bloc.ingtheir ability to interact !ith receptors on their

intended targets

'ome viruses (eg HIV) reduce e/pression o class I

0HC proteins1 thus reducing ability o cytoto/ic ,

cells to .ill the virus2inected cells

Direct cell2to2cell propagation

Attenuated viruses (eg Vaccine strains)

virologi 2

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