INTISARI

PERANCANGAN DAN ANALISIS TEGANGAN SISTEM PERPIPAAN

BERDASARKAN STANDAR ASME B 31.4

(STUDI KASUS JALUR PERPIPAAN LPG DERMAGA UNIT 68 – TANGKI

BOLA UNIT 47 PERTAMINA RU IV CILACAP)

Tugas akhir ini mengangkat materi perancangan dan analisis tegangan sistem

perpipaan LPG PERTAMINA RU IV Cilacap. Sistem perpipaan ini akan

mendistribusikan LPG dari kapal di dermaga Unit 68 ke tangki bola Unit 47.

Sistem perpipaan dirancang berdasarkan standar ASME B 31.4, yang meliputi

perancangan pipa, perancangan komponen perpipaan, dan dilanjutkan dengan

perancangan lokasi penempatan penumpu pipa. Perancangan sistem perpipaan

mengacu pada data desain yang didapatkan berdasarkan data proses dan data

lapangan. Analisis tegangan yang dilakukan terdiri dari simulasi pembebanan pada

sistem perpipaan hasil perancangan dan simulasi pembebanan dengan variasi ukuran

pipa, temperatur operasi, dan tekanan operasi.

Dari hasil perancangan dipilih pipa dengan spesifikasi ukuran NPS 10” SCH

40. Material yang digunakan adalah ASTM A 106 grade B. Berat kosong pipa adalah

593.22 N/m sedangkan berat operasi pipa adalah 856,82 N/m. Lokasi penempatan

penumpu pipa dirancang mampu menahan beban berat, gempa, angin, dan ekspansi

termal, dimana jenis penumpu pipa yang digunakan adalah jenis anchor, rest, dan

guide.

Hasil simulasi pembebanan sistem perpipaan hasil perancangan terhadap

beban sustain, occasional, dan ekspansi termal, menunjukkan bahwa besar tegangan

dan perpindahan posisi yang dihasilkan pada sistem perpipaan lebih kecil dari batas

maksimum yang diijinkan oleh standar ASME B 31.4, sehingga sistem perpipaan

dinyatakan aman.

Dari hasil simulasi pembebanan pada sistem perpipaan dengan variasi ukuran

pipa, dimana tekanan operasi dan temperatur operasi dijaga tetap pada kondisi desain,

disimpulkan bahwa semakin besar ukuran pipa maka besar nilai rasio tegangan

longitudinal yang dihasilkan semakin menurun.

Dari hasil simulasi pembebanan pada sistem perpipaan dengan variasi

temperatur operasi, dimana tekanan desain dan ukuran pipa dijaga tetap pada kondisi

desain, disimpulkan bahwa bahwa besar nilai tegangan ekspansi yang dihasilkan

meningkat dengan semakin besarnya perbedaan temperatur lingkungan dan operasi

Dari hasil simulasi pembebanan pada sistem perpipaan dengan variasi tekanan

operasi, dimana ukuran pipa dan temperatur desain dijaga tetap pada kondisi desain,

disimpulkan bahwa bahwa besar nilai tegangan radial yang dihasilkan meningkat

dengan semakin besarnya tekanan operasi.

Kata kunci : Sistem Perpipaan, ASME B 31.4, Perancangan Pipa, Penumpu Pipa,

Analisis Tegangan Pipa.

ABSTRACT

DESIGN AND STRESS ANALYSIS OF PIPING SYSTEM

BASED ON ASME B 31.4 STANDARD

(CASE STUDY LPG PIPING LINE OF JETTY UNIT 68 –

BALL TANKS UNIT 47 PERTAMINA RU IV CILACAP)

The thesis is about design and stress analysis of piping systems Pertamina

LPG RU IV Cilacap. The piping system will distribute LPG from ships at dock Unit

68 Unit 47 to the tank ball.

Piping system is designed based on standard ASME B 31.4, which includes

the design of the pipeline, the design of piping components, and continue with the

design of the location of the placement of the pipe leverage. Piping system design

refers to the design data based on the data obtained and the process of field data.

Stress analysis is performed consists of simulating loading on the piping system

design and simulation results to variations in the size of the pipe loading, operating

temperature, and operating pressure.

From the results of pipe design, pipe size specification selected NPS 10" SCH

40. Material used is ASTM A 106 Grade B. Non-operation weight of is 593.22 N/m

while operation weight of pipe is 856.82 N / m. Pipe support location designed

capable of withstanding heavy loads, earthquake, wind, and thermal expansion, which

the type of pipe support used is a kind of anchor, rest, and guide.

The results of the loading simulation of the piping system design to sustain

loads, occasional loads, and thermal expansion, indicating that maximum stress and

maximum displacement position in piping systems is smaller than the maximum

allowed by the standard ASME B 31.4, so the piping system is declared safe.

From the simulation results of loading on piping systems with variation in the

size of the pipe, where the operating pressure and operating temperature is

maintained at the design conditions, it was concluded that the greater the size of the

pipe, the greater value of the ratio of longitudinal stress produced decreases.

From the simulation results of loading on piping systems with variation in the

operating temperature, where the design pressure and the size of the pipe is

maintained at the design conditions, it was concluded that that the huge expansion of

the resulting stress value increases with the magnitude of the temperature difference

between operating temperature and environment temperature.

From the simulation results of loading on piping systems with operating

pressure variation, where the size of the pipe and the design temperature is

maintained at the design conditions, it was concluded that that the large value of the

radial stress generated by the magnitude of increased operating pressure.

Key word : Piping System, ASME B 31.4, Pipe Design, Pipe Support, Pipe Stress,

Analysis.