INTISARI
PERANCANGAN DAN ANALISIS TEGANGAN SISTEM PERPIPAAN
BERDASARKAN STANDAR ASME B 31.4
(STUDI KASUS JALUR PERPIPAAN LPG DERMAGA UNIT 68 – TANGKI
BOLA UNIT 47 PERTAMINA RU IV CILACAP)
Tugas akhir ini mengangkat materi perancangan dan analisis tegangan sistem
perpipaan LPG PERTAMINA RU IV Cilacap. Sistem perpipaan ini akan
mendistribusikan LPG dari kapal di dermaga Unit 68 ke tangki bola Unit 47.
Sistem perpipaan dirancang berdasarkan standar ASME B 31.4, yang meliputi
perancangan pipa, perancangan komponen perpipaan, dan dilanjutkan dengan
perancangan lokasi penempatan penumpu pipa. Perancangan sistem perpipaan
mengacu pada data desain yang didapatkan berdasarkan data proses dan data
lapangan. Analisis tegangan yang dilakukan terdiri dari simulasi pembebanan pada
sistem perpipaan hasil perancangan dan simulasi pembebanan dengan variasi ukuran
pipa, temperatur operasi, dan tekanan operasi.
Dari hasil perancangan dipilih pipa dengan spesifikasi ukuran NPS 10” SCH
40. Material yang digunakan adalah ASTM A 106 grade B. Berat kosong pipa adalah
593.22 N/m sedangkan berat operasi pipa adalah 856,82 N/m. Lokasi penempatan
penumpu pipa dirancang mampu menahan beban berat, gempa, angin, dan ekspansi
termal, dimana jenis penumpu pipa yang digunakan adalah jenis anchor, rest, dan
guide.
Hasil simulasi pembebanan sistem perpipaan hasil perancangan terhadap
beban sustain, occasional, dan ekspansi termal, menunjukkan bahwa besar tegangan
dan perpindahan posisi yang dihasilkan pada sistem perpipaan lebih kecil dari batas
maksimum yang diijinkan oleh standar ASME B 31.4, sehingga sistem perpipaan
dinyatakan aman.
Dari hasil simulasi pembebanan pada sistem perpipaan dengan variasi ukuran
pipa, dimana tekanan operasi dan temperatur operasi dijaga tetap pada kondisi desain,
disimpulkan bahwa semakin besar ukuran pipa maka besar nilai rasio tegangan
longitudinal yang dihasilkan semakin menurun.
Dari hasil simulasi pembebanan pada sistem perpipaan dengan variasi
temperatur operasi, dimana tekanan desain dan ukuran pipa dijaga tetap pada kondisi
desain, disimpulkan bahwa bahwa besar nilai tegangan ekspansi yang dihasilkan
meningkat dengan semakin besarnya perbedaan temperatur lingkungan dan operasi
Dari hasil simulasi pembebanan pada sistem perpipaan dengan variasi tekanan
operasi, dimana ukuran pipa dan temperatur desain dijaga tetap pada kondisi desain,
disimpulkan bahwa bahwa besar nilai tegangan radial yang dihasilkan meningkat
dengan semakin besarnya tekanan operasi.
Kata kunci : Sistem Perpipaan, ASME B 31.4, Perancangan Pipa, Penumpu Pipa,
Analisis Tegangan Pipa.
ABSTRACT
DESIGN AND STRESS ANALYSIS OF PIPING SYSTEM
BASED ON ASME B 31.4 STANDARD
(CASE STUDY LPG PIPING LINE OF JETTY UNIT 68 –
BALL TANKS UNIT 47 PERTAMINA RU IV CILACAP)
The thesis is about design and stress analysis of piping systems Pertamina
LPG RU IV Cilacap. The piping system will distribute LPG from ships at dock Unit
68 Unit 47 to the tank ball.
Piping system is designed based on standard ASME B 31.4, which includes
the design of the pipeline, the design of piping components, and continue with the
design of the location of the placement of the pipe leverage. Piping system design
refers to the design data based on the data obtained and the process of field data.
Stress analysis is performed consists of simulating loading on the piping system
design and simulation results to variations in the size of the pipe loading, operating
temperature, and operating pressure.
From the results of pipe design, pipe size specification selected NPS 10" SCH
40. Material used is ASTM A 106 Grade B. Non-operation weight of is 593.22 N/m
while operation weight of pipe is 856.82 N / m. Pipe support location designed
capable of withstanding heavy loads, earthquake, wind, and thermal expansion, which
the type of pipe support used is a kind of anchor, rest, and guide.
The results of the loading simulation of the piping system design to sustain
loads, occasional loads, and thermal expansion, indicating that maximum stress and
maximum displacement position in piping systems is smaller than the maximum
allowed by the standard ASME B 31.4, so the piping system is declared safe.
From the simulation results of loading on piping systems with variation in the
size of the pipe, where the operating pressure and operating temperature is
maintained at the design conditions, it was concluded that the greater the size of the
pipe, the greater value of the ratio of longitudinal stress produced decreases.
From the simulation results of loading on piping systems with variation in the
operating temperature, where the design pressure and the size of the pipe is
maintained at the design conditions, it was concluded that that the huge expansion of
the resulting stress value increases with the magnitude of the temperature difference
between operating temperature and environment temperature.
From the simulation results of loading on piping systems with operating
pressure variation, where the size of the pipe and the design temperature is
maintained at the design conditions, it was concluded that that the large value of the
radial stress generated by the magnitude of increased operating pressure.
Key word : Piping System, ASME B 31.4, Pipe Design, Pipe Support, Pipe Stress,
Analysis.