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MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | i
LANDASAN PROGRAM PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ARSITEKTUR
(LP3A)
Teaching Farm dan Agrowisata Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian
Universitas Diponegoro di Kabupaten Batang
PENDEKATAN DESAIN : ARSITEKTUR HIJAU Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagai persyaratan guna memperoleh gelar Sarjana Arsitektur
Disusun oleh:
Muhammad Nur Ardiansyah
NIM. 21020114120056
Dosen Pembimbing 1:
Ir. Agung Dwiyanto, MSA
NIP. 19620110 198902 1 001
Dosen Pembimbing 2:
Dr. Ir. Suzana Ratih Sari, MA, MM
NIP. 19670430 199203 2 002
Dosen Penguji:
Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Setioko, MEng
Dr. Ir. Atik Suprapti, MT
E. Endrianto Pandelaki, ST, MT, PhD
S-1 DEPARTEMEN ARSITEKTUR FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
2018
MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | ii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS
MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | iii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | iv
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI
TUGAS AKHIR UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS
MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | v
KATA PENGANTAR
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ABSTRAK
Universitas Diponegoro atau Undip merupakan Universitas yang berada di Semarang Jawa Tengah.
Pada tahun 2018, secara resmi Undip mendapatkan lahan hibah seluas 9,5 Ha oleh pemerintah
Kabupaten Batang yang berlokasi di Desa Tumbrep, Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Batang melalui
penyerahan SK yang diserahkan secara langsung oleh Bupati Batang kepada Rektor Undip.
Berdirinya Undip Semarang di Kabupaten Batang merupakan salah satu pendukung untuk
menaikan indek pembangunan manusia (IPM) khususunya pada bidang pendidikan yang kini
berada pada 65. Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian merupakan salah satu Fakultas yang dipilih
untuk dibuka di Kabupaten Batang.
Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian memiliki 2 departemen, yaitu departemen Peternakan dan
departemen Pertanian. Dengan 4 program studi, program Diploma dengan jurusan Manajemen
Usaha Peternakan, program S1 meliputi jurusan Peternakan, Agribisnis, Agroekoteknologi, dan
Teknologi Pangan, program magister meliputi Agribisnis, dan Ilmu Peternakan, serta program
Doktor Ilmu Peternakan. Berdasarkan Kemenristekdikti no.1 tahun 2017 tentang PSDKU, syarat
pembukaan program studi cabang adalah program studi yang memiliki akreditasi A di kampus
utama, dalam hal ini Undip akan membuka program studi S1 Peternakan Undip Batang.
Proyek pembangunan ini kemudian disebut Program Studi di Luar Kampus Utama (PSDKU) yang
direncanakan akan membutuhkan anggaran sebesar 45 Milyar untuk pembangunan tahap satu
untuk program studi S1 Peternakan.
Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sebuah perencanaan dan perancangan kawasan Kampus yang tidak
hanya baik secara fungsinya akan tetapi dapat meningkatkan potensi daerah.
Penulisan ini berfokus pada perencanaan dan perancangan kawasan kampus PSDKU S-1
Peternakan Undip di Kabupaten Batang dengan fasilitas teachingfarm dan pusat wisata sebagai
wadah pembelajaran dan bisnis.
Kata Kunci : PSDKU Undip Batang, Agrowisata, Teaching Farm, Universitas Diponegoro
MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | vii
DAFTAR ISI
COVER .................................................................................................................................................. i
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS .............................................................................................ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................................................... iii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI .......................................................................... iv
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................................................... v
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................................................. vi
DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................................................ x
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................................................... xii
BAB I ................................................................................................................................................... 1
PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1. Latar Belakang ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................................................. 2
1.3. Tujuan dan Sasaran ............................................................................................................... 2
Tujuan ............................................................................................................................ 2
Sasaran ........................................................................................................................... 2
1.4. Manfaat ................................................................................................................................. 2
Subjektif ......................................................................................................................... 2
Objektif .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.5. Ruang Lingkup ....................................................................................................................... 2
Ruang Lingkup Substansial ............................................................................................ 3
Ruang Lingkup Spasial.................................................................................................... 3
1.6. Metode Pembahasan ............................................................................................................ 3
Metode Deskriptif .......................................................................................................... 3
Metode Dokumentatif ................................................................................................... 3
Metode Komparatif ....................................................................................................... 3
1.7. Sistematika Pembahasan ...................................................................................................... 3
1.8. Alur Pikir ................................................................................................................................ 4
BAB II .................................................................................................................................................. 5
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ........................................................................................................................... 5
2.1. Tinjauan Kampus program PSDKU ........................................................................................ 5
Pengertian Umum Kampus PSDKU ................................................................................ 5
2.2. Standar Persyaratan PSDKU .................................................................................................. 6
Kurikulum Pendidikan S1 Peternakan............................................................................ 6
2.3. Standar Sarana dan Prasarana Akademik Umum.................................................................. 9
Sarana dan Prasarana Kuliah ......................................................................................... 9
Sarana dan Prasarana Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi ............................................... 10
Sarana dan Prasarana Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi ....................................... 17
Sarana dan Prasarana Dosen ....................................................................................... 18
Sarana dan Prasarana Ruang Bersama ........................................................................ 18
2.4. Sarana dan Prasarana Akademik Khusus Bidang Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian................................ 19
Perencanaan Laboratorium S-1 Peternakan Undip Batang ......................................... 20
Laboratorium Penelitian .............................................................................................. 21
2.5. Sarana dan Prasarana Manajemen ..................................................................................... 25
Sarana dan Prasarana Pimpinan .................................................................................. 25
Sarana dan Prasarana Tata Usaha ............................................................................... 26
Sarana dan Prasarana rapat ......................................................................................... 26
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Sarana dan Prasarana Penelitian dan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat (PPM) .............. 27
Sarana dan Prasarana Penelitian Penjaminan Mutu ................................................... 28
2.6. Sarana dan Prasarana Penunjang ........................................................................................ 29
Tempat Beribadah ....................................................................................................... 29
Ruang Konseling........................................................................................................... 29
Ruang Kesehatan ......................................................................................................... 29
Jamban ......................................................................................................................... 30
Gudang ......................................................................................................................... 30
Kantin ........................................................................................................................... 30
Bengkel ........................................................................................................................ 32
Tempat Parkir .............................................................................................................. 32
2.7. Teaching Farm ..................................................................................................................... 32
Kandang Kambing Komersial ....................................................................................... 33
Kandang Domba Komersial .......................................................................................... 34
Kandang Sapi Komersial ............................................................................................... 35
Kandang Unggas Komersial ......................................................................................... 45
Teaching Factory, Pabrik Pakan Ternak ....................................................................... 54
Kebun Koleksi Tanaman Pakan dan Kebun Rumput .................................................... 54
Technopark .................................................................................................................. 56
Sumur, Tandon air, dan Jarinngan Irigasi .................................................................... 58
2.8. Perencanaan Wisata berbasis Agrowisata .......................................................................... 59
Rencana Bisnis ............................................................................................................. 59
Pengertian Agrowisata ................................................................................................ 60
Penjualan Produk Olahan ............................................................................................ 60
Persyaratan Restoran/ tempat makan ........................................................................ 62
2.9. Tinjauan Asrama Mahasiswa ............................................................................................... 62
Pengertian Asrama Mahasiswa ................................................................................... 62
Standar Ukuran Asrama ............................................................................................... 63
Jenis Kamar Asrama dan Fasilitas ................................................................................ 64
2.10. Penekanan Desain Arsitektur Hijau ..................................................................................... 66
2.11. Studi Banding ....................................................................................................................... 67
FPP Undip, Semarang .................................................................................................. 67
Laboratorium Lapang Fakultas Peternakan UGM, Jogja.............................................. 70
Chimory on the Valley, Semarang ............................................................................... 72
BAB III ............................................................................................................................................... 76
DATA ................................................................................................................................................. 76
3.1. Tinjauan Lokasi .................................................................................................................... 76
Tinjauan Geografis ....................................................................................................... 76
Tinjauan Topografi ....................................................................................................... 78
Tinjauan Klimatologi .................................................................................................... 78
Jenis Tanah................................................................................................................... 80
Peraturan Bangunan Setempat ................................................................................... 80
3.2. Potensi Wisata dan Budidaya Ternak .................................................................................. 82
Tinjauan Wisata di Batang ........................................................................................... 82
Tinjauan Budidaya Ternak di Kabupaten Batang ......................................................... 85
3.3. Data Perencanaan Pembangunan ....................................................................................... 87
Biaya Investasi Psdku Prodi S1 Peternakan Di Batang ................................................. 87
Rincian Biaya Kegiatan Perkuliahan 300 Mahasiswa Selama 10 Semester ................. 90
MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | ix
Operasional SDM ......................................................................................................... 91
BAB IV ............................................................................................................................................... 92
BATASAN DAN ANGGAPAN .............................................................................................................. 92
4.1. Batasan ................................................................................................................................ 92
4.2. Anggapan ............................................................................................................................. 92
BAB V ................................................................................................................................................ 93
PENDEKATAN PROGRAM PERENCANAAN ........................................................................................ 93
5.1. Aspek Fungsional ................................................................................................................. 93
Pendekatan Pelaku dan Aktivitas ................................................................................ 93
Pendekatan Kebutuhan Ruang Berdasarkan Aktivitas ................................................ 96
Pendekatan Kapasitas Pengguna dan Pengelola ....................................................... 103
Pendekatan Jumlah Pengunjung Objek Wisata dan Parkir ........................................ 105
Pendekatan Besaran Ruang ....................................................................................... 108
Pendekatan Hubungan Ruang, dan Sirkulasi ............................................................. 114
5.2. Pendekatan Aspek Kontekstual ......................................................................................... 116
Tapak Rencana Pembangunan Kampus FPP Undip Batang ....................................... 116
5.3. Pendekatan Aspek Kinerja ................................................................................................. 118
Sistem Mekanikal ....................................................................................................... 118
Sistem Elektrikal......................................................................................................... 120
5.4. Pendekatan Aspek Teknis .................................................................................................. 122
Sistem Struktur .......................................................................................................... 122
5.5. Pendekatan Aspek Arsitektural ......................................................................................... 122
BAB VI ............................................................................................................................................. 125
PROGRAM PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ARSITEKTUR ..................................................... 125
6.1. Program Dasar Perancangan ............................................................................................. 125
Program Ruang .......................................................................................................... 125
6.2. Tapak Terpilih .................................................................................................................... 127
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................................................... 130
LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................................................................... 130
BERITA ACARA SIDANG KELAYAKAN .............................................................................................. 131
MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Modul Ruang Kelas berkapasitas 35 dan 40 orang ......................................... 10
Gambar 2.2 Susunan Tempat Baca dan Tata letak Buku .................................................... 17
Gambar 2.3 Susunan dan Denah Ruang untuk Perpustakaan ............................................ 17
Gambar 2.4 Standar ukuran kursi, lebar meja, jarak antar kursi dengan kursi, jaran
antara kursi dengan dinding. ............................................................................... 31
Gambar 2.5 Standar ukuran dari penyusunan 2 kursi, 4 kursi, 6 kursi, dan 8 kursi
dalam 1 meja ....................................................................................................... 31
Gambar 2.6 Standar ukuran meja dengan kursi yang terlalui oleh sirkulasi....................... 31
Gambar 2.7 Dimensi Standar Kandang Kambing Modern .................................................. 33
Gambar 2.8 Dimensi dan standar Kandang Kambing Modern 2 ......................................... 33
Gambar 2.9 Kandang Kambing ............................................................................................ 34
Gambar 2.10 Kandang Domba Ganda sistem Kolong ......................................................... 35
Gambar 2.11 Standar Kandang Domba ............................................................................... 35
Gambar 2.12 Kemiringan lantai kandang dan ukuran selokan ........................................... 37
Gambar 2.13 macam-macam model atap kandang ............................................................ 38
Gambar 2.14 Kandang Individu dengan lorong ditengah kandang ..................................... 38
Gambar 2.15 Palungan Sapi Potong .................................................................................... 39
Gambar 2.16 Tempat Pengolahan Limbah Sapi .................................................................. 40
Gambar 2.17 Kandnag Sapi Individu ................................................................................... 40
Gambar 2.18 Kandang Sapi Kelompok ................................................................................ 41
Gambar 2.19 Kandang Sapi Kelompok ................................................................................ 42
Gambar 2.20 Skema model Perkandangan ......................................................................... 43
Gambar 2.21 Dimensi Kandang Pembesaran ...................................................................... 44
Gambar 2.22 Kandang Jepit ................................................................................................ 44
Gambar 2.23 Kandang Pejantan.......................................................................................... 45
Gambar 2.24: Arah bangunan kandang membujur kearah barat dan timur ...................... 47
Gambar 2.25: Skema kandang broiler lantai litter, dan contoh kandang ayam tipe
panggung ............................................................................................................................. 48
Gambar 2.26: Ukuran kandang ayam broiler ...................................................................... 48
Gambar 2.27: Dinding kandang dari bilah kayu ukuran jarak antara bilah ......................... 49
Gambar 2.28 Closed House ................................................................................................. 50
Gambar 2.29 Kipas pada Closed House sebagai pengatur suhu ......................................... 51
Gambar 2.30 Skema Kandang Closed House ..................................................................... 53
Gambar 2.31 Area minimum per double bunk, 60 sq ft ..................................................... 64
Gambar 2.32 Contoh Kamar Single ..................................................................................... 64
Gambar 2.33 Contoh Kamar Double ................................................................................... 65
Gambar 2.34 Contoh Kamar Triple ..................................................................................... 65
Gambar 2.35 Struktur Organisasi FPP Undip ...................................................................... 67
Gambar 2.36 Kandang Domba FPP Undip ........................................................................... 69
Gambar 2.37 Kandang Sapi Potong ..................................................................................... 69
Gambar 2.38 Kandang Kambing FPP Undip ........................................................................ 69
Gambar 2.39 Kandang Kelompok untuk Kambing FPP Undip ............................................. 70
Gambar 2.40 Pabrik Pakan Ternak, Fapet UGM ................................................................. 70
Gambar 2.41 Kandang Sapi Fapet UGM .............................................................................. 70
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Gambar 2.42 Kandang Induk dan Anakan Kambing Fapet UGM ........................................ 71
Gambar 2.43 Kandang panggung tipe kelompok, utk Kambing Fapet UGM ...................... 71
Gam bar 2.44 Cimory On The Valley Ungaran .................................................................... 72
Gambar 2.45 Struktur Organisasi Cimory Ungaran ............................................................. 74
Gambar 2. 46 Sketsa kandang sapi mini dan sketsa zona wisata Chimory ......................... 75
Gambar 3.1 Peta Kabupaten Batang ................................................................................... 76
Gambar 3.2 Peta Desa Tumbrep ......................................................................................... 77
Gambar 3.3 Tabel rata-rata curah hujan Bulanan di kecamatan Bandar ........................... 80
Gambar 3.4 Data Pengunjung Objek Wisata di Kabupaten Batang tahun 2015 ................. 83
Gambar3.5 Data Pengunjung Objek Wisata di Kabupaten Batang tahun 2016 .................. 84
Gambar3.6 Jumlah Pengunjung Obyek Wisata Menurut Tempat dan Bulan di
Kabupaten Batang, 2016 ..................................................................................................... 84
Gambar 3.7 Populasi Ternak Besar/kecil Menurut Kecamatan di Kabupaten Batang,
2016 ..................................................................................................................................... 85
Gambar 3.8 Populasi Unggas Menurut Kecamatan di Kabupaten Batang, 2016 ................ 85
Gambar 3.9 Banyaknya pemotongan ternak di rumah potong hewan menurut bulan
di Kabupaten Batang, 2016 ................................................................................................. 86
Gambar 3.10 Banyaknya pemotongan Ternak di luar rumah potong hewan menurut
bulan di Kabupaten Batang, 2016 ....................................................................................... 86
Gambar 3.11 Produksi telur dan susu menurut bulan di Kabupaten Batang, 2016 ........... 87
Gambar 5.1 Hubungan Antar Massa Bangunan .................................................................. 114
Gambar 5.2 Portable Fire Extinguisher ............................................................................... 121
Gambar 6.1: Sertifikasi Tanah Undip di desa Tumbrep, Bandar, Kab. Batang .................... 127
Gambar 6.2: Citra Satelit ..................................................................................................... 127
MUHAMMAD NUR ARDIANSYAH [21020114120056] | xii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Kurikulum S1 Peternakan ......................................................................................... 9
Tabel 2.2 Rekapitulasi prodi berbasis kompetensi ................................................................... 9
Tabel 2.3 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang Kuliah ...................................................... 10
Tabel 2.4 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang Perpustakaan .......................................... 12
Tabel 2.5 Standar Jumlah Mahasiswa terhadap besaran ruang Perpustakaan ....................... 15
Tabel 2.6 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang Dosen ...................................................... 18
Tabel 2.7 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang Bersama .................................................. 19
Tabel 2.8 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana dan Prasarana Akademik Khusus Bidang Ilmu-
ilmu Pertanian ..................................................................................................................... 20
Tabel 2.9 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang Pimpinan ................................................. 26
Tabel 2.10 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang Tata Usaha ............................................ 27
Tabel 2.11 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang Rapat ..................................................... 27
Tabel 2.12 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang PPM ....................................................... 28
Tabel 2.13 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Sarana Ruang Penjaminan Mutu ................................. 28
Tabel 2.14 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Tempat Ibadah ............................................................. 29
Tabel 2.15 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Ruang Konseling .......................................................... 29
Tabel 2.16 Jenis, Rasio, dan Deskripsi Ruang Kesehatan ......................................................... 30
Tabel 2.17 Luas Kandang Ternak Domba ................................................................................. 35
Tabel 2.18 Suhu Ideal Kandang Ayam ...................................................................................... 45
Tabel 2.19 Fasilitas Science Techno Park ................................................................................. 58
Tabel 2.20 Minimun ketinggian langit-langit adalah 8 kaki atau 2,4 m ................................... 63
Tabel 2.21 Prasarana Gedung dan Luasannya ......................................................................... 68
Tabel 2.22 Prasarana kandang dan kebun lab ......................................................................... 69
Tabel 2.23 jenis ternak dan laboratorium Departemen peternakan Undip ............................ 69
Tabel 2. 24 Jumlah dan Persentase Karakteristik Pengunjung Restoran Cimory ..................... 75
Tabel 2.25 Jumlah dan motivasi berkunjung pengunjung Cimory ........................................... 75
Tabel 3.1 Iklim Kabupaten Batang ........................................................................................... 79
Tabel 3.2 Garis Sempadan Bangunan ....................................................................................... 82
Tabel 3.3 Biaya Investasi Psdku Prodi S1 Peternakan Di Batang .............................................. 90
Tabel 3.4 Rincian Biaya Kegiatan Perkuliahan 300 Mahasiswa Selama 10 Semester .............. 91
Tabel 3.5 Operasional SDM ...................................................................................................... 91
Tabel 5.1 Tabel Pendekatan Pelaku dan Aktivitas.................................................................... 96
Tabel 5.2 Tabel Pendekatan kebutuhan Ruang berdasarkan Aktivitas .................................... 98
Tabel 5.3 Tabel Pengelompokan Ruang ................................................................................... 105
Tabel 5.4 Tabel Jumlah Pengguna ............................................................................................ 105
Tabel 5.4 Jumlah Pengunjung di Kabupaten Batang berdasarkan analisa dan Kab.Batang dlm
Angka ........................................................................................................................................ 105
Tabel 5.5 Analisa Parkir Pengunjung ........................................................................................ 107
Tabel 5.6 Analisa Parkir Keseluruhan ....................................................................................... 108
Tabel 5.7 Tabel Program Ruang ............................................................................................... 113
Tabel 5.8 Rekapitulasi Besaran Ruang ..................................................................................... 118
Tabel 6.1 Program Ruang Zona Akademik ............................................................................... 125
Tabel 6.2 Program Ruang Zona Penelitian dan Pelatihan ........................................................ 125
Tabel 6.3 Program Ruang Zona Wisata dan Bisnis ................................................................... 126
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Tabel 6.4 Rekapitulasi Besaran Ruang ..................................................................................... 126