peran perawat kom

ROLES AND FUNCTIONS of HEALTH COMMUNITY NURSES

Madyo Maryoto.MNS

Perawat belum mampu melaksanakan fungsi dan peran perawat , saat ini masih banyak kita jumpai bahwa perawat belum mampu melaksanakan fungsi dan peran mereka sebagaimana yang di harapkan di pelayanan baik mereka yang bekerja di rumah sakit maupun pusat pelayanan di masyarakat.

Fenomena

A. Client Oriented Roles

B. Delivery Oriented Roles

C. Population oriented Roles

Roles

A. Client Oriented Roles

Mencakup penggunaan prinsip-prinsip epidemiologi dan proses keperawatan dalam pelayanan klien di berbagai level yaitu:

Individu

Keluarga

Kelompok

Masyarakat

1. Caregiver

Process of facilitating learning that lead to

positive health behavior

eg: educate individuals and they families about adequate nutrition

2. Educator

Process of helping the client to choose viable

solution to health problems

3. Counselor

Identify problems

Community Nurses

Clients(Indiv,

family dan community)

Identify Solutions

Develop criteria of acceptable solutions

Evaluate efect of solutions on

problem

Implement chosen solutions

Evaluate proposed solutions in term of criteria

Process of directing clients to resources

required to meet their needs

4. Referral Resource

Someone who consciously or unconsciously

demonstrates behavior to others who will perform similar role.

5. Role Model

A health case manager is a health professional

who coordinates and directs the selection and use of health care to meet clients needs services, maximize resource utilization and minimize the expense of care.

6. Case Manager

The case menejemen society of America

(1995) define case management as a collaborative process which asses, plan, implement, monitor, and evaluate option and services to meet an individual’s health need trough communication and available resources to promote quality cost-effective outcome.

Tujuan case management adalah

mengidentifikasi klien dengan resiko tinggi atau dengan potensi untuk tingginya biaya kebutuhan pelayanan, membuat pilihan yang tepat diantara ketersediaan pelayanan dan mengontrol biaya serta mengkoordinasikan perawatan untuk mencapai kepuasan optimal klien.

B. Delivery Oriented Role

Coordination is the process of organizing and

integrating services to best meet client needs in the most efficient manner possible.

1. Coordinator/Care Manager

Dynamic, transforming process of creating a

power sharing partnership (Sulivan, 1998)

2. Collaborator

The liaison role of community health nurse

incorporates facets of the coordinator and referral resource roles and may even incorporate the advocacy role, depending on the client situation.

A liaison provides a connection, relationships, or intercommunication

3. Liaison

C. Pupulation Oriented Role

Case finding community health nurse involves

identifying individual case or occurrences of specific diseases or other health related condition requiring services

1. Case Finder

Requisite skill for community health nurses. Ability to influences the behavior of other

2. Leader

A one who initiates and brings about change. Perawat komunitas memberikan pelayanan

sebagai change agent

3. Change Agent

Process by which community groups identify

common goals and mobilize assets to implement strategies that address local concerns (Berkowitz et al 2001)

4 Community Mobilizer

Process of creating temporary or permanent

alliance of individuals or groups to achieves a specific purpose

5. Coalition Builder

A person or group people who work for and

argue on behalf policy formation or changes in policy that influence the health of population groups.

6. Policy Advocate

Community health nursing function related to

the social marketer role include identifying a needed change in societal behavior, analyzing behavior motivation and perceived benefits and barriers to action, identifying particular target markets for intervention and determining the unique features of those market, developing and testing strategies to promote the desired change, implementing those strategies, and evaluating their effecti.veness

7. Social Marketer

Explore phenomena obesrved in the world

with the intent of understanding , explaining and ultimatly controling them

8. Researcher

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