pengaruh tipe kepribadian terhadap kinerja...

PENGARUH TIPE KEPRIBADIAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN

PADA PERUSAHAAN ROTI “MANDIRI” WONOGIRI

SKRIPSI

Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan Mencapai

Derajad Sarjana Ekonomi

Oleh :

DIDIK APRIANTO

07610187

FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS

UNIVERSITAAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2012

KATA PENGANTAR

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Dengan memanjatkan puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT, atas limpahan rahmat dan

hidayah-Mu peneliti dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul: PENGARUH TIPE

KEPRIBADIAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PERUSAHAAN ROTI

”MANDIRI” WONOGIRI.

Didalam tulisan ini disajikan pokok-pokok bahasan meliputi bagaimana tipe

kepribadian karyawan meliputi tipe extraversi, neurotisme, keterbukaan, keramahan serta

kesadaran berpengaruh terhadap variabel kinerja yang meliputi kualitas, kuantitas serta

ketepatan waktu.

Peneliti ingin menyampaikan ucapan terimakasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada:

1. Bapak / Ibu yang melahirkan dan membesarkan saya serta memberikan dukungan

secara materi maupun doa.

2. Ibu Triningsih Sri S.,Dra.,MM. Dan Ibu Siti Nurhasanah, Dra. MM. selaku

pembimbing skripsi.

3. Bapak Dr. Nazaruddin Malik, M.Si. selaku Dekan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas

Muhammadiyah Malang.

4. Ibu Dra. Anik Rumijati, M.M. selaku Ketua Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

5. Ibu Marini selaku Pimpinan Perusahaan Roti “Mandiri “ tempat dimana peneliti

melakukan penelitian.

Disadari bahwa dengan kekurangan dan keterbatasan yang dimiliki peneliti, oleh

karena itu peneliti mengharapkan saran yang membangun agar tulisan ini bermanfaat bagi

yang membutuhkan.

Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Malang,19 april 2012

Peneliti

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran

1. Kuisioner

2. Skor Jawaban Responden

3. Hasil Distribusi Frekuensi

4. Hasil Uji Validitas

5. Reliability

6. Regression

7. Tabel Nilai r Product Moment

DAFTAR ISI

halaman

HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................. i

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN................................................................................... ii

SURAT PERNYATAAN .......................................................................................... iii

KARTU KENDALI KONSULTASI ......................................................................... iv

MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN .............................................................................. v

KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................. vi

DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. vii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................ x

DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................................... xii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................................

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang ..................................................................................... 1

B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................ 6

C. Batasan Masalah .................................................................................. 6

D. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................ 7

1. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................... 7

2. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................... 7

BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

A. Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................................................... 9

B. Landasan Teori ....................................................................................10

1. Pengertian Kepribadian .................................................................10

2. Proses Pembentukan Kepribadian .................................................10

3. Tipe Kepribadian ...........................................................................12

4. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kepribadian .........................16

5. Pengertian Kinerja .........................................................................17

6. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja .................................17

7. Pengukuran Kinerja .......................................................................19

8. Hubungan Antara Kepribadian Dengan Kinerja ...........................20

C. Kerangka Pikir ....................................................................................21

D. Hipotesis..............................................................................................22

BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN

A. Lokasi Penelitian ..................................................................................24

B. Jenis Penelitian.....................................................................................24

C. Data Dan Sumber Data ........................................................................24

D. Populasi Penelitian ...............................................................................25

E. Sampel Penelitian.................................................................................25

F. Definisi Operasional Variabel ..............................................................26

G. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ...................................................................28

H. Teknik Pengukuran Variabel ...............................................................28

I. Uji Instrumen .......................................................................................30

1. Uji Validitas ..................................................................................30

2. Uji Reliabilitas ..............................................................................31

J. Teknik Analisis Data............................................................................32

1. Rentang Skala ................................................................................32

2. Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda .................................................33

3. Uji Hipotesis ..................................................................................34

BAB IV. HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

A. Hasil Penelitian ....................................................................................37

1. Sejarah Berdirinya Perusahaan ......................................................37

2. Lokasi penelitian ............................................................................39

3. Kebijakan Kompensasi Perusahaan ...............................................40

4. Struktur Organisas .........................................................................40

5. Deskripsi Jabatan ...........................................................................42

6. Ketentuan Jam Kerja ......................................................................43

B. Gambaran Karakteristik Responden ....................................................44

1. Janis Kelamin Responden ..............................................................44

2. Status Perkawinan Responden .......................................................45

3. Usia Responden .............................................................................46

4. Tingkat Pendidikan Terakhir Responden.......................................47

C. Uji Instrumen .......................................................................................48

1. Uji Validitas ...................................................................................48

2. Uji Reabilitas .................................................................................49

D. Analisis Data ........................................................................................50

1. Hasil Analisis Rentang Skala .........................................................50

2. Ekstraversi (X1) .............................................................................51

3. Neurotisme (X2) ............................................................................52

4. Keterbukaan (X3)...........................................................................53

5. Keramahan (X4).............................................................................54

6. Kesadaran (X5) ..............................................................................55

7. Kinerja karyawan ..........................................................................56

8. Variabel Kinerja Kualitas (Y1) ......................................................56

9. Variabel Kinerja Kuantitas (Y2) ....................................................57

10. Variabel Kinerja Ketepatan Waktu (Y3) .......................................58

11. Pembahasan Tipe Kepribadian Perbagian ....................................60

E. Hasil Regresi Linier Berganda ............................................................65

F. Uji Hipotesis .......................................................................................68

a. Uji F ..........................................................................................68

b. Uji T..........................................................................................69

G. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ..............................................................71

BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

A. Kesimpulan ..........................................................................................74

B. Saran .....................................................................................................75

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

LAMPIRAN

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Halaman

Gambar 1 Kerangka Pikir ........................................................................................21

Gambar 2 Kurva Normal Uji T ................................................................................36

Gambar 4.1 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan ..............................................................41

Gambar 4.2 Uji F ........................................................................................................63

DAFTAR TABEL

Halaman

Tabel 1 Daftar Hasil Produksi ................................................................................. 5

Tabel 2 Perbedaan Penelitian Terdahulu Dan Sekarang ......................................... 9

Tabel 3.1 Pengukuran Variabel Bebas (X) Tipe Kepribadian ................................. 29

Tabel 3.2 Penilaian Rentang Skala ............................................................................33

Tabel 4.1 Jam Kerja Dan Istirahat Karyawan ............................................................43

Tabel 4.2 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin ...............................44

Tabel 4.3 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Status Karyawan ...........................45

Tabel 4.4 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia ..............................................46

Tabel 4.5 Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Pendidikan ....................................47

Tabel 4.6 Hasil Uji Validitas Tipe Kepribadian ........................................................48

Tabel 4.7 Hasil Uji Validitas Kinerja.........................................................................49

Tabel 4.8 Koefisien Reliabilitas Koefisien Kepribadian Dan Kinerja .......................50

Tabel 4.9 Rentang Skala Variabel Tipe Kepribadian Extraversi (X1) ......................51

Tabel 4.10 Rentang Skala Variabel Tipe Kepribadian Neurotisme (X2) ....................52

Tabel 4.11 Rentang Skala Variabel Tipe Kepribadian Keterbukaan (X3) ..................53

Tabel 4.12 Rentang Skala Variabel Tipe Kepribadian Keramahan (X4) ....................54

Tabel 4.13 Rentang Skala Variabel Tipe Kepribadian Kesadaran (X5) ......................55

Tabel 4.14 Rentang Skala Variabel Kinerja Kualitas (Y1) ..........................................56

Tabel 4.15 Rentang Skala Variabel Kinerja Kuantitas (Y2) ........................................57

Tabel 4.16 Rentang Skala Variabel Kinerjaketepatan Waktu (Y3) .............................58

Tabel 4.17 Hasil Analisis Regresi ................................................................................60

Tabel 4.18 Tabel T Hitung ...........................................................................................65

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Alwilsol, 2004, Psikologi Kepribadian, UMM Press, Malang.

Arikunto, Suharsimi, 2002, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik, Rineka Cipta,

Jakarta.

Jess, Gregory. 2010, Teori Kepribadian, Salemba Humanika, Jakarta

Maisaroh Devi, 2009, Pengaruh Kepribadian Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Cv. Zafatex

Surabaya, Jurnal, Jurusan Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Muhammadiyah

Malang.

Mangkunegaran, AA. Anwar Prabu, 2000, Manajemen SDM Perusahaan, Remaja

Rosdakarya, Bandung

Manulang, Marihot, 2001, Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, BFFE, Yogjakarta

Mohyi, Ach. 2005. Teori dan perilaku organisasi. Umm Press. Malang.

Nuryawati Ifa, 2009, Pengaruh Tipe Kepribadian Terhadap Kinerja Perawat Pada Bpk Rsd

“Mardi Waluyo” Blitar, Jurnal, Jurusan Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas

Muhammadiyah Malang.

Robbins, Stephen. 1996. Perilaku organisasi. PT. Prenhallindo, Jakarta

Sugiono. 2002. Metode penelitian bisnis, CV Afabeta. Bandung.

Umar, Husein. 2001. Riset sumber daya manusia dalam organisasi, PT Gramedia Pustaka

Utama. Jakarta.

Umar, Husein. 2003. Metode Riset Perilaku Organisasi. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta

Wibowo, 2007, Manajemen Kinerja, PT RajaGrafindo, Jakarta.