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Kepentingan Uni Eropa Dalam Projek Kerjasama Dengan China
“One Belt, One Road”
SKRIPSI
Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Ilmu Politik (S.IP) Strata-1
Disusun Oleh:
Anisa Triwilis Tianto
NIM. 201210360311144
PROGRAM STUDI ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2019
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KATA PENGANTAR
Assalamu’alaikum wr.wb
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, karena berkat Rahmat
dan Karunia-Nya penulis berhasil menyelesaikan skripsi ini, dengan harapan dapat
menjadi salah satu bentuk dedikasi penulis dalam memperkaya keilmuan
Hubungan Internasional. Shalawat serta salam yang senantiasa tercurahkan kepada
Nabi Muhammad SAW.
Penulisan skripsi ini diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh
gelar Sarjana pada Program Studi Hubungan Internasional Fakultas Ilmu Sosial
dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, dengan judul skripsi
“Kepentingan Uni Eropa Dalam Projek Kerjasama Dengan China One Belt One
Road”. Dalam penulisan skripsi ini, penulis sangat berterima kasih kepada para
Dosen Pembimbing karena tidak pernah lepas dalam memberi bantuan, bimbingan
serta dukungan dalam proses penyelesaian skirpsi ini.
Dalam proses penulisan skripsi ini, penulis menyadari akan keterbatasan-
keterbatasan yang dimiliki baik dari segi pengetahuan serta keterbatasan teknis.
Oleh sebab itu saran dan kritik yang membangun sangat diharapkan dalam
penyempurnaan skripsi ini. Penulis berharap bahwa skripsi ini dapat menjadi
bahan pembelajaran yang baik bagi penulis sendiri, pembaca, dan peneliti lain.
Wassalamu’alaikum wr.wb
Malang, 04 Februari 2019
Penulis,
Anisa Triwilis Tianto
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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Sampul ...................................................................................................... i
Lembar Persetujuan Skripsi .................................................................................... ii
Lembar Pengesahan ............................................................................................... iii
Berita Acara Bimbingan Skripsi ............................................................................ iv
Ucapan Terima Kasih............................................................................................. vi
Abstrak ................................................................................................................. vii
Abstract ................................................................................................................ viii
Kata Pengantar ....................................................................................................... ix
Daftar Isi ................................................................................................................ xi
Daftar Gambar...................................................................................................... xiii
Daftar Tabel ......................................................................................................... xiv
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1
4.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 4
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................................ 5
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................................... 5
1.4.1 Manfaat Akademis ........................................................................................ 5
1.4.2 Manfaat Praktis .............................................................................................. 5
1.5 Penelitian Terdahulu ...................................................................................... 6
1.6 Landasan Teori ............................................................................................. 18
1.6.1 Liberalisme Institusional ............................................................................. 18
1.7 Metodologi Penelitian .................................................................................. 21
1.7.1 Level Analisa ............................................................................................... 22
1.7.2 Jenis Penelitian ............................................................................................. 22
1.7.3 Teknik Analisa Data .................................................................................... 23
1.7.4 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ......................................................................... 23
1.7.5 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian .......................................................................... 23
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1.8 Hipotesis ....................................................................................................... 25
1.9 Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................... 26
BAB II PROJEK KERJASAMA ONE BELT, ONE ROAD (OBOR) ...................28
2.1 One Belt, One Road Initiative (OBOR)........................................................ 28
2.2 Kerangka Kerjasama One Belt, One Road Initiative (OBOR) ..................... 33
2.2.1 Pendanaan OBOR ........................................................................................ 42
2.3 Hubungan Kerjaasama Uni Eropa dengan China ......................................... 44
2.3.1 Hubungan Uni Eropa dan China 2003 - 2013 .......................................... 48
2.3.2 Integrasi Uni Eropa dengan Projek One Belt One Road (OBOR) ......... 58
BAB III ANALISA KEPENTINGAN UNI EROPA DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PROJEK KERJASAMA OBOR ..............................................................62
3.1 Meningkatkan Hubungan Perdagangan dan Investasi Uni Eropa-China ..... 62
3.1.1 Kebijakan Untuk Memperkuat Kerjasama Uni Eropa-China di Bawah OBOR ........................................................................................................... 69
3.2 Jalur Konektifitas Infrastruktur Trans-Regional .......................................... 75
3.2.1 Meningkatkan Akses Konektifitas Melalui Jalur Utara Eurasia............. 77
3.2.2 Jalur Konektifitas ke Regional Laut Baltik ............................................... 81
BAB IV PENUTUP ...............................................................................................87
4.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................... 87
4.2 Saran ............................................................................................................. 89
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................90
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1, Peta One Belt, One Road (OBOR) .......................................................32
Gambar 2, Jalur The New Eurasia Land Bridge Economic Corridor ....................36
Gambar 3, Jalur The China-Mongolian-Rusia Economic Corridor .......................37
Gambar 4, Jalur China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor ....................39
Gambar 5, Jalur China-Indonesia Penisula Economic Corridor ............................40
Gambar 6, Jalur China-Pakistan Economic Corridor............................................41
Gambar 7, Jalur Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor ............42
Gambar 8, China’s Eurasian Corridors ................................................................77
Gambar 9 Peta Regional Laut Baltik .....................................................................83
x
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1 Posisi Terdahulu .......................................................................................15
1
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