68320864 transistor
TRANSCRIPT
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Transistor
•Komponen transistor meruapakan komponen aktif tidak
seperti perintang dan kapasitor yang merupakan komponen
pasif. Komponen aktif mengandungi bahan binaan aktif
seperti Silikon, Germanium dan sebagainya yang meruapan
bahan separa pengalir yang penting dalam transistor.
•Transistor berfungsi sebagai penguat. Ia menguatkan voltan
dan arus mengikut penyambungan litar tertentu. Selain itu
juga transistor boleh berfungsi sebagai suis. Suis elektronik.
Kaki transistor adalah 3 iaitu Base (tapak), Collector
(pemungut) dan Emitter (pengeluar/ pemancar). Ketiga-tiga
kaki ini mempunyai fungsi tertentu.
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TRANSISTOR DWI KUTUB
( Bi Polar Transistor )
�� DuaDua diode diode dicantumkandicantumkan menjadimenjadi transistor.transistor.
�� Cara Cara cantumancantuman menentukanmenentukan jenisjenis transistor transistor ( PNP ( PNP atauatau NPN )NPN )
�� BahanBahan yang yang digunakandigunakan : : SilikonSilikon atauatauGermaniumGermanium
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TRANSISTOR npn
p
n
n
p
K
K
A
A
2 DIOD
Nota : P = Positif N = Negatif
=�
Collector
Emitter
Base
1 Transistor
p
n
n
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SIMBOL
npn Transistor
Collector
Base
Emitter
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TRANSISTOR pnp
p
n
n
p
A
A
K
K
2 DIOD
Nota : P = Positif N = Negatif
p
n
p
Collector
Emitter
Base
1 Transistor=�
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SIMBOL
pnp Transistor
Collector
Base
Emitter
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CARA TRANSISTOR DIPINCANG
( Transistor biasing )
�� PincangPincang HadapanHadapan ( Forward biasing ) ( Forward biasing ) Emitter & BaseEmitter & Base
�� PincangPincang TerbalikTerbalik ( Reverse Biasing ) ( Reverse Biasing ) Collector & BaseCollector & Base
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PINCANG TRANSISTOR
npn
+
-
E (N)C (N)
B (P)PINCANG
HADAPAN
PINCANG
TERBALIK +
-
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PINCANG TRANSISTOR
pnp
+
-
E (P)C (P)
B (N)PINCANG
HADAPAN
PINCANG
TERBALIK +
-
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NILAI VOLTAN PINCANG
HADAPAN (VBE) TRANSISTOR
JENIS SILIKONJENIS SILIKON JENIS GERMANIUMJENIS GERMANIUM
0.6V~ 0.7 V0.6V~ 0.7 V 0.2V ~ 0.3V0.2V ~ 0.3V
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NILAI VOLTAN PINCANG
TERBALIK (VCE) TRANSISTOR
JENIS SILIKONJENIS SILIKON JENIS GERMANIUMJENIS GERMANIUM
TIDAK TETAP,TIDAK TETAP, TIDAK TETAPTIDAK TETAP
BERGANTUNG BERGANTUNG BERGANTUNGBERGANTUNG
KEPADAKEPADA KEPADAKEPADA
KEPERLUANKEPERLUAN KEPERLUAN KEPERLUAN
LITARLITAR LITARLITAR
3V,5V,7V,9V,15V,30V3V,5V,7V,9V,15V,30V 3V,5V,7V,9V,15V,25V3V,5V,7V,9V,15V,25V
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MENGUJI TRANSISTORJENIS TRANSISTOR
�� GunakanGunakan OHMmeterOHMmeter Range : Rx1Range : Rx1
�� SukatSukat antaraantara DuaDua kaki kaki -- DapatkanDapatkan bacaanbacaan
yang yang rendahrendah..
�� AlihkanAlihkan satusatu LeadLead meter meter –– dapatkandapatkan bacaanbacaan
yang yang rendahrendah jugajuga
�� Lead yang Lead yang tidaktidak dialihkandialihkan adalahadalah Base (B)Base (B)
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MENGUJI TRANSISTOR JENIS TRANSISTOR ( sambungan )
�� LihatLihat KekutubanKekutuban didi kaki kaki BaseBase
npnnpnNegatifNegatif ( ( --veve ))
pnppnpPositive ( +Positive ( +veve ))
JenisJenis TransistorTransistorKekutubanKekutuban BaseBase
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MENGUJI TRANSISTORCollector & Emitter
�� GunakanGunakan OHMmeterOHMmeter Range : Rx10kRange : Rx10k
�� PastikanPastikan jenisjenis transistortransistor..
BaseBase telahtelah ditentukanditentukan dalamdalam ujianujian jenisjenis
�� UkurUkur nilainilai antaraantara DuaDua kaki yang kaki yang belumbelum
ditentukanditentukan..
�� DapatkanDapatkan bacaanbacaan tinggitinggi ( ( BukanBukan infinitiinfiniti ))
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MENGUJI TRANSISTOR Collector & Emitter ( sambungan )
�� PastikanPastikan kekutubankekutuban –– Lead (meter )Lead (meter )
CollectorCollectorEmitterEmitterNegatifNegatif ((--veve))
EmitterEmitterCollectorCollectorPositifPositif ( +( +veve))
pnppnpnpnnpnKekutubanKekutuban LeadLead
!! Sama !! Sama kekutubankekutuban dgndgn Base => Base => EmitterEmitter
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MENGUJI TRANSISTOR
Transistor ROSAK
�� npnnpn TransistorTransistor
OKOK20 & 2020 & 20
∞∞ & & ∞∞
++
--
--
++
++
--
Rx 1Rx 1
Rx 1Rx 1
BC BC BocorBocorrosakrosak20 & 2020 & 20
2020 & & ∞∞
++
--
--
++
++
--
Rx 1Rx 1
Rx 1Rx 1
KEROSAKANKEROSAKANOK/ROSAKOK/ROSAKBACAANBACAANEEBBCCRANGERANGE
KEPUTUSANKEPUTUSANSUKATSUKAT
common
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MENGUJI TRANSISTOR
Transistor ROSAK
�� npnnpn TransistorTransistor
BC BC PintasPintasrosakrosak0 & 200 & 20
0 & 0 & ∞∞
++
--
--
++
++
--
Rx 1Rx 1
Rx 1Rx 1
BCE BCE PintasPintasrosakrosak0 & 00 & 0
0 & 00 & 0
++
--
--
++
++
--
Rx 1Rx 1
Rx 1Rx 1
KEROSAKANKEROSAKANOK/ROSAKOK/ROSAKBACAANBACAANEEBBCCRANGERANGE
KEPUTUSANKEPUTUSANSUKATSUKAT
common
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MENGUJI TRANSISTOR
Transistor ROSAK
�� npnnpn TransistorTransistor
CE CE PintasPintasrosakrosak00
00
++
--
--
++
Rx 10kRx 10k
Rx 10k Rx 10k
OKOK∞∞
100k100k
++
--
--
++
Rx 10kRx 10k
Rx 10k Rx 10k
KEROSAKANKEROSAKANOK/ROSAKOK/ROSAKBACAANBACAANEEBBCCRANGERANGE
KEPUTUSANKEPUTUSANSUKATSUKAT
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MENGENALI TRANSISTORBUATAN JEPUN
Part No:Part No: JenisJenis KegunaanKegunaan
2SA 2SA xxxxxxxx PNPPNP FREKUENSI TINGGIFREKUENSI TINGGI
2SB2SB xxxxxxxx PNPPNP FREKUENSI RENDAHFREKUENSI RENDAH
2SC2SC xxxxxxxx NPNNPN FREKUENSI TINGGIFREKUENSI TINGGI
2SD2SD xxxxxxxx NPNNPN FREKUENSI RENDAHFREKUENSI RENDAH
2SH2SH xxxxxxxx UJTUJT UNIJUNCTION TRANSISTORUNIJUNCTION TRANSISTOR
2SJ2SJ xxxxxxxx FETFET PP--CHANNELCHANNEL
2SK2SK xxxxxxxx FETFET NN--CHANNELCHANNEL
3SK3SK xxxxxxxx MOSFET MOSFET NN--CHANNELCHANNEL
3N3N xxxxxxxx MOSFETMOSFET DUAL TRIACSDUAL TRIACS
4N 4N xxxxxxxx OPTODEVICESOPTODEVICES
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MENGENALI TRANSISTORBUATAN EROPAH
Part no:Part no: BahanBahan KegunaanKegunaan
AAAAxxxxxx -- GermaniumGermanium RF DiodeRF Diode
ACACxxxxxx -- GermaniumGermanium Low Frequency.Low Frequency.Low PowerLow Power
ADADxxxxxx -- GermaniumGermanium Low Frequency Low Frequency Power TransistorPower Transistor
AEAExxxxxx -- GermaniumGermanium Tunnel DiodeTunnel Diode
AFAFxxxxxx -- GermaniumGermanium High FrequencyHigh Frequency
Low PowerLow Power
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MENGENALI TRANSISTORBUATAN EROPAH
Part no:Part no: BahanBahan KegunaanKegunaan
BLBLxxxxxx -- SiliconSilicon High FrequencyHigh Frequency
Power TransistorPower Transistor
BPBPxxxxxx -- Silicon Silicon Photo Sensitive DiodePhoto Sensitive Diode
BTBTxxxxxx -- Silicon Silicon SCR DiodeSCR Diode
BUBUxxxxxx -- Silicon Silicon Switching / Switching / Power transistorPower transistor
BYBYxxxxxx -- Power DiodePower Diode
BZBZxxxxxx -- ZenerZener DiodeDiode
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MENGENALI TRANSISTORBUATAN AMERIKA ( USA )
Part no:Part no: BahanBahan KegunaanKegunaan
1N1Nxxxx xxxx SI/GESI/GE Power DiodePower Diode
ZenerZener DiodeDiode
2N2Nxxxx xxxx SI/GESI/GE NPN/PNP TransistorNPN/PNP Transistor
MPSMPSxxxxxx SI/GESI/GE NPN/PNP TransistorNPN/PNP Transistor
MJEMJExxxxxx SI/GE SI/GE NPN/PNP TransistorNPN/PNP Transistor
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TRANSISTOR SIGNAL
CONTOH :
BC237 / 2SC237BC107 / BC108
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TRANSISTOR MEDIUM
POWER
LUBANG SKRU
CONTOH:
BD131 / BD132 AD162
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TRANSISTOR POWER
LUBANG SKRU
CONTOH:
2SC1061 / TIP 29A 2N 3055
LOGAM
BESI
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PHOTO TRANSISTOR
�� DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI SENSOR ATAU DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI SENSOR ATAU PENERIMA CAHAYA/ INFRAPENERIMA CAHAYA/ INFRA--REDRED
�� APABILA MENERIMA CAHAYA/ APABILA MENERIMA CAHAYA/ INFRA RED : TRANSISTOR INI AKAN INFRA RED : TRANSISTOR INI AKAN BEROPERASI & MENGALIRKAN ARUS BEROPERASI & MENGALIRKAN ARUS COLLECTOR.COLLECTOR.
�� DIGUNAKAN DI LITAR DIGUNAKAN DI LITAR ““ PENERIMA PENERIMA KAWALAN JAUH DAN LITAR SENSORKAWALAN JAUH DAN LITAR SENSOR
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BINAAN PHOTO
TRANSISTOR
C E
SENSOR
(LUT SINAR)
GANTIKAN
BASE
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SIMBOL
PHOTO Transistor
Collector
Emitter
Ic
CAHAYA /
INFRA
RED
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MENUKAR TRANSISTORPERKARA PENTING !!!
PASTIKAN PASTIKAN …………....
SAMASAMA -- JENIS JENIS –– pnppnp / / npnnpn
SAMASAMA -- VOLTAGE, CURRENT, WATTAGE,VOLTAGE, CURRENT, WATTAGE,
FREKUENSIFREKUENSI
SAMASAMA -- KAKI KAKI –– Base , Collector, EmitterBase , Collector, Emitter
JANGAN!! JANGAN!! SOLDER TERLALU LAMASOLDER TERLALU LAMA
TRANSISTOR AKAN ROSAKTRANSISTOR AKAN ROSAK
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MENUKAR TRANSISTORPERKARA PENTING !!!
TRANSISTORTRANSISTOR * GUNA HEAT SINK* GUNA HEAT SINK
OUTPUT/POWEROUTPUT/POWER * BOLT & NUT JANGAN* BOLT & NUT JANGAN
TERLALU KUATTERLALU KUAT
HORIZONTAL /HORIZONTAL / * GUNAKAN LAPISAN * GUNAKAN LAPISAN
SWITCHING O/PSWITCHING O/P MICA MICA
( ( elakkanelakkan daridari Collector Collector terpintasterpintas keke bumibumi ))