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Pengantar Makroekonomi TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan

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Page 1: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

Pengantar

Makroekonomi

TEE 314

Bisnis Kelistrikan

Page 2: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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Pendahuluan

Mikroekonomi

Ilmu yang mempelajari upaya-upaya manusia untuk memenuhi

kebutuhannya yang tidak terbatas dengan sumber daya yang

terbatas (Lipsey, Richard G. dan Steiner, Peter O., 1981)

Makroekonomi

Ilmu Ekonomi :

Ilmu Ekonomi

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Mikroekonomi → Makroekonomi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Persamaan :

Mempelajari upaya manusia memenuhikebutuhannya yang tidak terbatas dengansumber daya yang terbatas

Perbedaan

Corak analisis• Mikroekonomi : meliputi bagian-bagian kecil dari

keseluruhan kegiatan perekonomian → analisiskegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar

• Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh → analisistindakan konsumen secara keseluruhan, keseluruhankegiatan pengusaha dan keseluruhan perubahankegiatan ekonomi.

Page 4: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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Mikroekonomi → Makroekonomi (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Perbedaan

Ruang lingkup dan fokus analisisnya

• Mikroekonomi → analisis tentang pilihan untuk :

– Efisiensi dalam penggunaan sumber-sumber

– Mencapai kepuasan maksimum

• Makroekonomi → analisis tentang :

– Pentingnya segi permintaan dalam menentukan tingkat

kegiatan dalam perekonomian

– Pentingnya kebijakan dan campur tangan pemerintah

untuk mewujudkan prestasi kegiatan ekonomi di tingkat

yang dikehendaki

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Isu-Isu Utama Analisis Mikroekonomi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Titik tolak faktor produksi/sumber yang dimilikimasyarakat terbatas, sedangkan keinginan manusia tidakterbatas

Masyarakat harus membuat pilihan

Kegiatan “memilih” dibedakan kepada dua aspek :

1. Dalam kegiatan memproduksi barang dan jasa

2. Dalam kegiatan menggunakan barang dan jasa

Masalah “memilih” tersebut dianalisis denganmengemukakan tiga pertanyaan

1. Apakah jenis barang dan jasa yang harus diproduksi?

2. Bagaimanakah caranya memproduksi berbagai barangdan jasa yang dibutuhkan tersebut?

3. Untuk siapakah berbagai barang dan jasa tersebutdiproduksikan?

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Asal Mula Analisis Makroekonomi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Analisis mikroekonomi tidak dapat menjelaskan :

1. Pengangguran

2. Kenaikan harga-harga berlaku

3. Pertumbuhan perekonomian tidak sama cepat

4. Perekonomian tidak mengalami perkembangan yang stabil

Mahzab klasik tidak banyak membuat analisis hal tersebutkarena :

Sistem pasar bebas akan mewujudkan tingkat kegiatan ekonomiyang efisien dalam jangka panjang

Kesempatan kerja penuh akan selalu tercapai

Perekonomian akan mengalami pertumbuhan yang teguh

Ketidakstabilan dalam perekonomian, penyebab pertumbuhanekonomi yang lambat dan pengangguran dapat berlaku dalamsetiap perekonomian, tetapi hanya bersifat sementara

Sistem pasar bebas akan membuat penyesuaian yang mengeliminasi masalah tersebut

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The Great Depression (1929-1932)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Kemunduran ekonomi di seluruh dunia

Mekanisme pasar tidak dapat otomatis menimbulkanpertumbuhan ekonomi dan tingkat penggunaantenaga kerja penuh

John Maynard Keynes (General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, 1936), mengemukakan teori yang menjadi landasanmakroekonomi modern

Pandangan buku Keynes dapat dibedakan menjadi :

Kritik pada pandangan ahli ekonomi klasik tentangfaktor penentu tingkat kegiatan suatu perekonomian

Penjabaran faktor utama penentu prestasi kegiatanekonomi suatu negara

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Keynes

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Pengeluaran agregat, yaitu perbelanjaanmasyarakat ke atas barang dan jasa, adalahfaktor utama yang menentukan tingkatkegiatan ekonomi yang dicapai sesuatunegara

Penggunaan tenaga kerja penuh dalamsistem pasar bebas tidak selalu tercipta

Diperlukan kebijakan pemerintah untukmenciptakan tingkat penggunaan tenagakerja penuh dan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang teguh

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Analisis Penentuan Tingkat Kegiatan Ekonomi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Menunjukkan bagaimana pengeluaranagregat (permintaan agregat) dan penawaranagregat akan menentukan tingkatkeseimbangan kegiatan sesuatuperekonomian

Komponen pengeluaran agregat :

1. Pengeluaran konsumsi rumah tangga

2. Investasi perusahaan-perusahaan

3. Pengeluaran konsumsi dan investasipemerintah

4. Ekspor

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-

Masalah Utama Makroekonomi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

1. Pertumbuhan ekonomi

Perkembangan kegiatan dalam perekonomianyang menyebabkan barang dan jasa yang diproduksi dalam masyarakat bertambah dankemakmuran masyarakat meningkat

Perkembangan kemampuan memproduksibarang dan jasa sebagai akibat pertambahanfaktor-faktor produksi tidak selalu diikutipertambahan produksi barang dan jasa yang sama

Perkembangan ekonomi < perkembanganpotensinya

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Masalah Utama Makroekonomi (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

2. Ketidakstabilan kegiatan ekonomi

Page 12: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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Masalah Utama Makroekonomi (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

2. Ketidakstabilan kegiatan ekonomi

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Masalah Utama Makroekonomi (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

3. Pengangguran dan inflasi

Pengangguran : keadaan saat seseorang yang tergolong dalam angkatan kerja inginmendapatkan pekerjaan tetapi belum dapatmemperolehnya

Seseorang yang tidak bekerja tetapi tidaksecara aktif mencari pekerjaan tidak tergolongsebagai penganggur. Contoh :

• Ibu rumah tangga

• Anak keluarga kaya yang tidak mau bekerja

Faktor utama penyebab pengangguran yaitukekurangan pengeluaran agregat

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Masalah Utama Makroekonomi (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

3. Pengangguran dan inflasi

Inflasi : suatu proses kenaikan harga-harga

yang berlaku dalam sesuatu perekonomian

Tingkat inflasi moderat : 5 – 10 persen→

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-

Masalah Utama Makroekonomi (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

4. Neraca pembayaran dan neraca perdagangan

Neraca pembayaran : suatu ringkasan pembukuan

yang menunjukkan aliran pembayaran yang

dilakukan dari negara-negara lain ke dalam negeri,

dan dari dalam negeri ke negara-negara lain.

Meliputi :

• Penerimaan dari ekspor dan pembayaran untuk impor

barang dan jasa

• Aliran masuk penanaman modal asing dan pembayaran

penanaman modal ke luar negeri

• Aliran ke luar dan aliran masuk modal jangka pendek

(deposit uang di luar negeri)

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-

Masalah Utama Makroekonomi (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

4. Neraca pembayaran dan neraca perdagangan

Dua neraca penting dalam suatu neraca

pembayaran :• Neraca perdagangan

menunjukkan perimbangan di antara ekspor dan impor

• Neraca keseluruhan

menunjukkan perimbangan di antara keseluruhan aliran pembayaran ke

luar negeri dan keseluruhan aliran penerimaan dari luar negeri

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Alat Pengamat Prestasi Kegiatan Ekonomi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

1. Pendapatan nasional

2. Penggunaan tenaga kerja dan

pengangguran

3. Tingkat perubahan harga-harga

4. Neraca pembayaran dan neraca

perdagangan

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1. Pendapatan Nasional

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Menerangkan tentang nilai barang dan jasa yang diproduksi suatu negara dalam suatu tahuntertentu. Dibedakan menjadi :

Produk Nasional Bruto (PNB/GNP)

produk nasional yang diwujudkan olehwarganegara suatu negara

Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB/GDP)

produk nasional yang diwujudkan oleh pendudukdalam suatu negara

Merupakan ukuran besarnya kemampuan suatunegara untuk menghasilkan barang dan jasadalam suatu tahun tertentu

Page 19: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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1. Pendapatan Nasional (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Negara Maju

Negara

Berkembang

GDP < GNP

GDP > GNP

Page 20: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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1. Pendapatan Nasional (cont’d)

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Kegunaan data Produk Nasional :

1. Menilai prestasi pertumbuhan ekonomi

2. Menentukan tingkat kemakmuran masyarakat dan

perkembangannya

Hitung persen pertambahan PNB/PDB dari tahun ke tahun

Hitung PNB/PDB (menurut harga tahun dasar)

PNB/PDB menurut harga tetap

Page 21: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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2. Tenaga Kerja dan Pengangguran

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Angkatan kerja : jumlah tenaga kerja yang

terdapat dalam suatu perekonomian pada

suatu waktu tertentu

Pengangguran : perbedaan antara angkatan

kerja dengan penggunaan tenaga kerja

Page 22: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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3. Tingkat Inflasi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Tingkat kenaikan harga barang tidak

seragam

Tingkat inflasi dinilai dengan “Indeks Harga

Konsumen”, yaitu indeks harga dari barang-

barang yang selalu digunakan konsumen

Page 23: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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4. Neraca Pembayaran dan Kurs Valuta Asing

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Neraca pembayaran :

Informasi hubungan ekonomi satu negara dengannegara lain

Aliran modal jangka panjang (gambaranpenawaran modal asing ke suatu negara)

Neraca keseluruhan : perimbangan mutasikeuangan suatu negara ke negara lain

Kurs valuta asing

Banyaknya uang dalam negeri yang diperlukanuntuk membeli satu unit valuta asing tertentu

Neraca keseluruhan sangat mempengaruhi kursvaluta asing

Page 24: TEE 314 Bisnis Kelistrikan€¦ · Bisnis Kelistrikan-Pendahuluan Mikroekonomi ... kegiatan seorang konsumen/suatu firma/suatu pasar •Makroekonomi : lebih global/menyeluruh →

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Tujuan Kebijakan Makroekonomi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

1. Menstabilkan kegiatan ekonomi

2. Mencapai tingkat penggunaan tenaga kerja

penuh tanpa inflasi

3. Mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang

teguh

4. Menghindari masalah inflasi

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Bentuk-Bentuk Kebijakan Makroekonomi

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

1. Kebijakan fiskal

meliputi langkah-langkah pemerintah membuatperubahan dalam bidang perpajakan danpengeluaran pemerintah untuk mempengaruhipengeluaran agregat dalam perekonomian

2. Kebijakan moneter

langkap pemerintah (Bank Sentral) untukmempengaruhi penawaran uang dalamperekonomian atau merubah tingkat bunga untukmempengaruhi pengeluaran agregat

3. Kebijakan segi penawaran

untuk mempertinggi efisiensi kegiatan perusahaan-perusahaan sehingga dapat menawarkan barang-barangya dengan harga lebih murah

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-

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.

Based on the law - Indonesia Republic Act No. 16 of 1997, Statistics section 8, providing a census economic tasks and

responsibilities Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). The implementation of the Economic Census every ten years is appropriate

in the year ending with the number 6. BPS-Statistics Indonesia has been conducted on the 1986 Economic Census, 1996,

and 2006. Economic Census is the primary source of statistical database is complete and thorough in various economic

sectors, except agriculture sector that the data collected through the Agriculture Census.sekian