susu fermentasi clementia caroline 13.70.0020 a5 unika soegijapranata

8/16/2019 Susu Fermentasi Clementia Caroline 13.70.0020 A5 Unika Soegijapranata

1/33

Acara III

PRODUK SUSU FERMENTASI

LAPORAN RESMI PRAKTIKUM

TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN SUSU

Disusun oleh : Nama : Clemenia Caroline

NIM : !"#$%#%%&%

Kelom'o( : A)

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNOLOGI PANGAN

*AKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIANUNI+ERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGI,APRANATA

SEMARANG

&%!)


2/33

1. PENDAHULUAN

2.

2.1. Topik

"# Pra(i(um e(nolo-i 'en-olahan susu (loer A 'a.a hari Ra/u !0 Mei &%!1

men-enai /a/ Susu *ermenasi 2an- .ila(sana(an /ersamaan .en-an 'en-amaan

/a/ Susu Kenal Manis#

3#

4.1. Tujuan

5. Tu4uan .ila(u(ann2a 'ra(i(um ini a.alah unu( men-eahui 'rinsi' mem/ua

yoghurt .an (e5ir .en-an i'e ino(ulum 2an- /er/e.a 2a(ni men--una(an (ulur

se-ar 6 fresh culture bacteria7 .an men--una(an 8 plain yoghurt 9 (omersial

men-eahui cara (er4a 'em/uaan acidophilus milk men-eahui (ara(erisi(

yoghurt (e5ir .an acidophilus milk 2an- .ihasil(an .ari i'e ino(ulum 2an-

/er/e.a 6(e(enalan .an .era4a (easaman7 sera unu( men-eahui 'er/e.aan

(ara(erisi( yoghurt, (e5ir .an acidophilus milk.

!


3/33

6. HASIL PENGAMATAN

.

.1. Ta!"# p"n$a%a&an

0# Hasil 'en-amaan men-enai 'ro.u( susu 5ermenasi .a'a .iliha 'a.a a/el !#

;#

!%# Ta/el !# Pro.u( susu 5ermenasi

!!#

Kel#! ,enis yoghurt

!"# Ke(

enalan

!3# Dera4a

(easaman

!)#

Hasil

!1#

!!$# Yoghurt .en-an ino(ulum 8 fresh culture9 !0# < !;# 3)

&%#

+

&!#

&

& Yoghurt .en-an ino(ulum 8 plain yoghurt 9

(omersial&"#


4/33

)*. )4. )). )6. ).

)'. )(. 6+. 61. 62.

6*.

&


5/33

64. PEM,AHASAN

1)#

11# Dalam 'em/uaan susu 5ermenasi a(iias enBim la(ase .ari mi(ro/a starter a(an

men-hi.rolisis la(osa men4a.i -lu(osa .an -ala(osa sehin--a le/ih mu.ah .icerna

.an .isera' oleh u/uh# Susu 5ermenasi /erman5aa unu( men-uran-i lactose

intolerance 2aiu -an--uan 'encernaan se'eri .iare (em/un- (ram 'eru seelah

minum susu (arena 4umlah la(ase .alam susu han2a se.i(i sehin--a sisa la(osa

susu i.a( .i5ermenasi oleh mi(ro/a .alam usus halus# La(ase 2an- /erasal .aru

(ulur starter .alam susu 5ermenasi erse.ia le/ih /an2a( sehin--a men-an.un-

se.i(i la(osa .i/an.in-(an susu se-ar# ?er.asar(an mea/oli 'rimern2a susu

5ermenasi .a'a .i/e.a(an men4a.i & 4enis 2aiu 'ro.u( 5ermenasi asam la(a .an

'ro.u( 5ermenasi asam la(a .an al(ohol# Conoh 'ro.u( 5ermenasi asam la(a

2aiu yoghurt susu asam susu casei# Se.an-(an conoh 'ro.u( 5ermenasi asam

la(a .an al(ohol 2aiu (e5ir .an (oumiss 6Usmiai A/u/a(ar &%%;7# Pa.a

'ra(i(um (ali ini a(an .i/ua " 4enis 'ro.u( susu 5ermenasi 2aiu yoghurt (e5ir

.an acidophilus milk # Menuru Rahman 6!;;&7 Pro.u( 5ermenasi .i/a-i men4a.i 3

4enis 2aiu 'ro.u( 2an- men-an.un- asam aau al(ohol 'ro.u( /erasam in--i

'ro.u( /erasam se.an- sera 'ro.u( /erasam ren.ah# Yoghurt ermasu( 'ro.u(

/erasam se.an- (e5ir ermasu( 'ro.u( 2an- men-an.un- asam aau al(ohol

se.an-(an acidophilus milk meru'a(an 'ro.u( 5ermenasi an'a a.a rasa al(ohol#

1$#

10# Nilai -iBi 'a.a yoghurt le/ih in--i .i/an.in-(an susu se-ar (arena oal 'a.aan

'a.a yoghurt menin-(a sehin--a (an.un-an Ba=Ba -iBi lainn2a i(u menin-(a#

Yoghurt men-an.un- 'roein se/esar 1"% lema( se/esar 1$" .an iamin A

se/esar 0% SI# ?e/era'a 5a(or 2an- .a'a mem'en-aruhi (ualias .ari yoghurt 2aiu(ualias susu se/a-ai /ahan .asar lama 'en2im'anan suhu in(u/asi .an 4enis

starter 2an- .i-una(an# ?a(eri asam la(a 2an- .a'a .i-una(an .alam 'em/uaan

yoghurt a.alah !treptococcus sali"arius, !. thermophillus, #actobacillus

delbrueckii, #. bulgaricus, #. acidophilus, #. casei .an #. bifidus 6Ha5sah

Asriana &%!&7# Menuru A-usina et al # 6&%!"7 (e5ir meru'a(an 5ermenasi susu

2an- elah .i'aseurisasi .an (emu.ian .iam/ah(an starter /eru'a /i4i (e5ir# ?i4i

"


6/33

(e5ir erse/u men-an.un- #actobacillus kefiri s'esies .ari -enus #euconostoc

#actococcus .an Acetobacter # Selain iu /i4i (e5ir

"


7/33

3

1;# 4u-a men-an.un- (hamir $luy"eromyces mar%ianus 2an- .a'a mem5ermenasi

la(osa sera !accharomyces unisporus !accharomyces cere"isiae .an

!accharomyces e%iguous 2an- i.a( .a'a mem5ermenasi la(osa# Menuru

Fusri2ah Ausini 6&%!37 (e5ir memili(i rasa 2an- (has 2aiu asam .an

/eral(ohol# ?a(eri asam la(a .i.alam (e5ir memili(i man5aa se/a-ai 'ro/ioi(

unu( mene(an 'erum/uhan /a(eri 'en2e/a/ 'en2a(i 'encernaan (arena /a(eri

asam la(a mem'ro.u(si sen2a@a animi(ro/a se'eri /a(eriosin h2.ro-en

'ero(si.a .an /er/a-ai ani/ioi( lainn2a# Acidophilus milk er/ua .ari susu s(im

.an (emu.ian .i5ermenasi .en-an #actobacillus acidophilus 2an- meru'a(an

strain .en-an -olon-an intestinal implantable 6san-a a(i5 (ei(a .ianam .alam

saluran 'encernaan manusia7 6Asa@an Asa@an !;;07# Acidophilus milk

men-an.un- asam la(a se/an2a( !"&=!)% 'roein 3=) lema( ! .an i.a(

men-an.un- al(ohol 6Ei et al. &%%37# #actobacillus acidophilus meru'a(an /a(eri

probiotic 2an- .a'a men-ham/a 'erum/uhan 4amur candida 64amur 'en2e/a/

in5e(si 'a.a ron--a mulu7 6Perami et al # &%!"7#

$%#

+.1. P-inip P"%!ua&an

$!# Dalam 'em/uaan yoghurt .an (e5ir .i/e.a(an men4a.i & 4enis ino(ulum 2aiu

.en-an men--una(an fresh culture .an plain yoghurt (omersial# Se/elum .ila(u(an

'roses 'em/uaan yoghurt ino(ulum elah .i'ersia'(an erle/ih .ahulu .en-an cara

men-a(i5(an masin-=masin- (ulur men--una(an me.ia MRS broth cair .an

.iin(u/asi selama 30 4am# Me.ia de Man &agosa !hape 6MRS7 men-an.un-

/e/era'a su/sansi se'eri 'olisor/a asea ma-nesium .an man-an 2an-

.i(eahui se/a-ai 5a(or 'eum/uhan unu( #actobacilli sehin--a coco( unu(

menum/uh(an #actobacillus sp. .an /a(eri asam la(a lainn2a 2an- /er5un-si.alam 'em/uaan 'ro.u( susu asam 6Alas &%%17# Seelah 30 4am ma(a a(an

.ihasil(an en.a'an 'a.a me.ia# Lalu me.ia .i/uan- hin--a han2a erin--al

en.a'an (ulur# Seelah iu .icuci .en-an -aram 5isiolo-is %0) 6 food grade7#

Kemu.ian memanas(an !%% ml susu cair .i .alam erlenme2er hin--a menca'ai

suhu 0)C .an .iun--u hin--a suhun2a urun men4a.i 3)C 6erasa han-a .i

an-an7# Hasil 'anen (ulur (emu.ian .iuan-(an (e .alam susu cair 2an- elah

.i'anas(an .en-an 'er/an.in-an !:! .an .ihomo-en(an .en-an cara .i-o2an-


8/33

3

secara 'erlahan# Kemu.ian (em/ali .iin(u/asi 'a.a suhu 3&=33C hin--a er/enu(

curd .an .ia.u( hin--a raa .en-an /aan- (aca seril sehin--a


9/33

)

$ ino(ulum (ulur se-ar .a'a .i-una(an .alam 'em/uaan susu 5ermenasi#

Se.an-(an unu( (ulur (omersial i.a( 'erlu melalui 'roses='roses erse/u#

*ello@s 6!;;%7 men4elas(an /ah@a 'ers2araan uama /a-i ia' (ulur starter la(a

a.alah men-an.un- 4enis=4enis mi(roor-anisme 2an- .iin-in(an mam'u

/er(em/an- .alam (on.isi 2an- .i/eri(an sera men-hasil(an 'eru/ahan=

'eru/ahan 2an- .iin-in(an .an /e/as .ari (onaminasi#

$"#

$3# Meo.e 'em/uaan yoghurt .ila(u(an .en-an cara mula=mula susu s(im .an susu

cair se-ar .i'anas(an 'erlahan hin--a susu menca'ai suhu 0)%C .an 4an-an sam'ai

men.i.ih selama & meni# Hal erse/u /eru4uan unu( mem/unuh mi(roor-anisme

(onaminan men.enaurasi enBim 'en-ham/a 2an- men-ham/a 5ermenasi

selan4un2a sera memecah (asein susu 6Kosi(o@s(i !;0&7# Menuru ?uc(le et al #

6!;0$7 'emanasan men2e/a/(an .enaurasi si5a=si5a 'roein 'hey .an 'eru/ahan

casein 2an- men-hasil(an (onsisiensi 2an- le/ih /ai( .an le/ih sera-am 'a.a

'ro.u( a(hir# Pen--unaan susu sa'i se-ar elah sesuai .en-an 'ern2aaan

Ha.i@i2oo 6!;0"7 /ah@a 4enis susu er/ai( unu( men-hasil(an yoghurt aau (e5ir

a.alah susu se-ar# O(oro 6&%%;7 men2aa(an /ah@a 'enam/ahan susu s(im a(an

menin-(a(an oal 'a.aan .i .alam susu .an a(an /er(onri/usi erha.a' rasa .an

e(sur a(hir 2an- .ihasil(an# Susu 2an- .i-una(an haruslah /e/as .ari ani/ioi(a

aau resi.u=resi.u 'en-ham/a lainn2a (arena .a'a men-ham/a 'er(em/an-an

starter .an men2e/a/(an 'er(em/an-an (easaman .an aroma 2an- 4ele( 6Giani

Eanuarini &%!!7#

$)#

$1# Lalu se/an2a( !!% ml susu s(im .an !!) ml susu cair se-ar .icam'ur(an (e .alam

@a.ah (aca seril .an se-era .iuu'# Pencam'uran susu s(im .an susu cair se-ar /eru4uan unu( menin-(a(an (e(enalan aroma (easaman 'roein sera

men-uran-i aroma lan-u 'a.a 'ro.u( a(hir yoghurt 6Poer !;0$7# Kemu.ian susu

.alam @a.ah (aca erse/u .i.in-in(an .alam /as(om /erisi air hin--a erasa

han-a# Penurunan suhu seelah 'emanasan /eru4uan unu( men-o'imal(an 'roses

ino(ulasi 6?l2un- !;;)7# Poer 6!;0$7 mene-as(an /ah@a 'enam/ahan ino(ulum

harus .ila(u(an 'a.a suhu 3&=33C su'a2a mi(roor-anisme (onaminan i.a( .a'a

um/uh# Hal ini sesuai 'ula .en-an 'en.a'a .ari Sumner Hu(ins 6!;;%7 2an-


10/33

)

men-un-(a'(an /ah@a 'enam/ahan (ulur starter se/ai(n2a .ila(u(an i.a( .alam

(ea.aan san-a 'anas


11/33

1

$$# (arena 4i(a .ila(u(an 'a.a suhu in--i ma(a .a'a mem/unuh (ulur /a(eri asam

la(a .an mence-ah er4a.in2a 'roses (oa-ulasi# Selan4un2a unu( (elom'o( A!

.iam/ah(an !% 6&) ml7 ino(ulum 8 fresh culture9 2an- er.iri .ari #actobacillus

bulgaricus .an !treptococcus thermophilus .an (elom'o( A& .iam/ah(an !% 6&)

ml7 ino(ulum 8 plain yoghurt 9 ?io(ul (e .alam susu erse/u secara ase'is .en-an

men--una(an a'i /unsen .an al(ohol# Perla(uan ase'is /eru4uan unu(

men-hin.ari um/uhn2a mi(roor-anisme (onaminan# Penam/ahan (ulur /eru4uan

su'a2a er4a.i 5ermenasi 'a.a susu 6*ello@ !;;%7# Kemu.ian .iuu' .en-an

aluminium foil aau 'lasi( unu( meminimal(an (onaminasi# Selan4un2a

.iin(u/asi 'a.a suhu 3&=33C selama ! hari an'a -an--uan 6i.a( /oleh .i/u(a .an

.ia.u(=a.u(7 sam'ai (onsisensi custard 2an- .iin-in(an erca'ai# Menuru

Ha.i@i2oo 6!;0"7 'a.a saa aha'an in(u/asi er4a.i 5ermenasi oleh /a(eri asam

la(a unu( men-u/ah la(osa men4a.i asam la(a# A'a/ila elah er/enu(

-um'alan .ia.u( 'erlahan hin--a (enal meraa# Kemu.ian yoghurt 2an- su.ah

4a.i .iamai (e(enalan .era4a (easaman .an as'e( sensori#

$0#

$;# Pa.a 'roses 5ermenasi yoghurt !treptococcus thermophilus a(an /er(em/an- /ia(

le/ih ce'a unu( mem'ro.u(si .iaseil asam la(a asam asea .an asam 5orma

se.an-(an #actobacillus bulgaricus men-alami 'erum/uhan 2an- le/ih lam/a

(arena memili(i a(iias 'roease 2an- lemah sehin--a /a(eri ini a(an mele'as(an

'e'i.a .ari 'roein susu# Hal ini a(an meran-san- 'erum/uhan /a(eri

!treptococcus thermophilus# Seirin- .en-an 'enin-(aan (easaman yoghurt

'erum/uhan /a(eri !treptococcus thermophilus a(an melam/a .an se/ali(n2a

mem'erce'a 'erum/uhan /a(eri #actobacillus bulgaricus 2an- memili(i

(ara(erisi( .a'a um/uh .en-an /ai( .i lin-(un-an 2an- /erasam in--i 2an-secara i.a( lan-sun- .iran-san- oleh 'ro.u(si asam 5orma 'a.a aha' a@al#

#actobacillus bulgaricus a(an mem/eri(an e5e( /erle/ihan 'a.a 'ro.u(si asam

la(a .an aseal.ehi. sehin--a (e.ua /a(eri a(an /ersama=sama

mem5ermenasi(an ham'ir seluruh la(osa men4a.i asam la(a# Asam la(a .an

aseal.ehi. /ersama=sama .en-an .iaseil asam asea .an /ahan=/ahan mu.ah

men-ua' lainn2a 2an- .ihasil(an oleh 5ermenasi /a(eri a(an men-hasil(an aroma


12/33

1

'a.a yoghurt oleh sen2a@a=sen2a@a erse/u .an mem/eri(an rasa (has 'a.a

yoghurt 6*ello@s !;;%7#


13/33

$

0%# Prinsi' 'em/uaan (e5ir a.alah 5ermenasi susu .en-an men--una(an /a(eri

#actobacillus bulgaricus !treptococcus lactis .an yeast 2an- .a'a men-urai(an

la(osa men4a.i asam la(a 6%1! asam la(a7 sera yeast 2an- mem'ro.u(si

al(ohol 6%)! al(ohol7 6PelcBar Rei. !;)07# Saa 5ermenasi (e5ir

#actobacillus bulgaricus a(an mem/enu( aseal.ehi.a 2an- /er(onri/usi 'a.a

'em/enu(an aroma (e5ir !treptococcus lactis a(an mem/enu( ciarasa (e5ir .an

yeast a(an mem/enu( al(ohol 6Prai@i &%%07# Selain iu (ar/on.io(si.a 4u-a

er/enu( sehin--a 'ro.u( mem'un2ai rasa (ar/ona 6*ar.iaB !;;$7# Peru/ahan

iu a(an mem/enu( cia rasa (e5ir 2an- .iin-in(an# Saa 5ermenasi er/enu( 'ula

(e5iran 2an- meru'a(an 'olimer 2an- er.iri aas uni=uni -ula 6-ala(osa .an

-lu(osa7 .alam 4umlah sama#

0!#

0 Persia'an ino(ulum se-ar ini 4u-a .ila(u(an erle/ih .ahulu .en-an men-a(i5(an

masin-=masin- (ulur men--una(an me.ia 2an- in(u/asi selama 30 4am se'eri

2an- .ila(u(an 'a.a 'em/uaan yoghurt han2a (ulur 2an- .i'anen a.a "

mi(roor-anisme .en-an 'er/an.in-an !:!:!# Se.an-(an unu( (ulur (omersial

i.a( 'erlu melalui 'roses erse/u# Cara (er4a 'em/uaan (e5ir a.alah mula=mula

susu se-ar .i'anas(an .en-an 'anci enamel 'erlahan hin--a suhu menca'ai 0)C

;)C 4an-an sam'ai men.i.ih selama & meni# Hal erse/u sesuai .en-an eori

Ha.i@i2oo 6!;0"7 /ah@a susu se-ar meru'a(an susu er/ai( unu( men-hasil(an

yoghurt aau (e5ir# Paseurisasi /eru4uan unu( mem/unuh mi(roor-anisme

(onaminan men.enaurasi enBim 'en-ham/a 2an- men-ham/a 5ermenasi

selan4un2a .an memecah (asein susu 6Kosi(o@s(i !;0&7# Lalu &"% ml susu

.iuan- .alam @a.ah (aca seril .an se-era .iuu' lalu .i.in-in(an .alam /as(om

/erisi air hin--a erasa han-a# Hal ini sesuai .en-an eori menuru Sumner Hu(ins 6!;;%7 /ah@a 'enam/ahan (ulur starter se/ai(n2a .ila(u(an i.a( .alam

(ea.aan 2an- san-a 'anas (arena .a'a mem/unuh (ulur /a(eri asam la(a .an

mence-ah er4a.in2a 'roses (oa-ulasi# Selain iu Ha.i@i2oo 6!;0"7 menam/ah(an

/ah@a u4uan .ari 'en.in-inan a.alah unu( mem/eri(an (on.isi 2an- o'imal /a-i

'erum/uhan /a(eri asam la(a# Kemu.ian unu( (elom'o( A" .iam/ah(an 0

6&% ml7 ino(ulum 8 fresh culture9 .an (elom'o( A3 .iam/ah(an 0 6&% ml7

ino(ulum 8 plain yoghurt 9 ?io(ul (e .alam susu erse/u secara seril 6men--una(an


14/33

$

a'i /unsen .an al(ohol7# Seia' 'roses harus .ila(u(an secara ase'is unu(

men-hin.ari um/uhn2a mi(roor-anisme (onaminan 6*ello@


15/33

0

0"# !;;%7# Seelah iu .iin(u/asi(an 'a.a suhu &%=&)oC selama ! hari an'a -an--uan

6i.a( /oleh .i/u(a=/u(a mau'un .ia.u(=a.u(7 hin--a (onsisensi custard 2an-

.iin-in(an erca'ai# Menuru Rehm et al # 6!;;)7 suhu .an @a(u in(u/asi 2an-

'alin- /ai( .alam 'em/uaan (e5ir a.alah 'a.a suhu !)=&&C selama &3="1 4am#

Seelah in(u/asi selesai (emu.ian .imasu((an (e .alam suhu 3C .an a'a/ila

su.ah er/enu( -um'alan .ia.u( 'erlahan hin--a (enal meraa# Menuru Ha2es

6!;;)7 'ro.u( (e5ir harus .isim'an .alam 'en.in-in /ersuhu J)%C su'a2a 'ro.u(si

asam /erle/ih sera (erusa(an a(i/a /a(eri non=oleran asam .a'a .ice-ah#

Kemu.ian (e5ir 2an- elah 4a.i .ila(u(an analisa (e(enalan .era4a (easaman .an

.iliha (e/erhasilan .ari 'ro.u( .en-an cara mencici'i sera mem/an.in-(an

.en-an 'ro.u( (omersial#

03#

0)# Prinsi' 'em/uaan acidophilus milk 2an- .ila(u(an (elom'o( A) ham'ir sama

.en-an 'em/uaan yoghurt .an (e5ir namun /a(eri 2an- .i-una(an a.alah

#actobacillus acidophilus 2an- .iin(u/asi 'a.a suhu "$C## Per/e.aann2a

acidophilus milk .en-an yoghurt er.a'a 'a.a ino(ulum 2an- .i-una(an .an

'er/e.aann2a .en-an (e5ir er.a'a 'a.a (an.un-an al(ohol .imana 'a.a

acidophilus milk i.a( men-an.un- al(ohol 6i.o.o &%%&7# Lan-(ah a@al .alam

'em/uaan acidophilus milk a.alah .en-an 'emanasan susu s(im secara 'erlahan

hin--a susu menca'ai suhu 0)oC selama & meni# Sanoso 6!;;37 menam/ah(an

/ah@a susu s(im .a'a menin-(a(an (e(enalan aroma (easaman 'roein sera

men-uran-i aroma lan-u 'a.a 'ro.u( a(hir# Se.an-(an 'emanasan /eru4uan unu(

mem/unuh mi(roor-anisme (onaminan 2an- .a'a men-ham/a 'erum/uhan

#actobacillus acidophilus men.enaurasi enBim 2an- men-ham/a 5ermenasi

selan4un2a sera memecah (asein susu 6Kosi(o@s(i !;0&7# Kemu.ian susu.imasu((an (e .alam @a.ah (aca seril .an se-era .iuu' sera .i.in-in(an .alam

/as(om /erisi air hin--a erasa han-a# Selan4un2a .iam/ah(an (ulur starter 2an-

/erasal .ari fresh culture se/an2a( ! 6) ml7 secara ase'is# Hal ini sesuai .en-an

eori Poer 6!;0$7 .an Aell et al. 6&%%07 2an- men-aa(an /ah@a 'enam/ahan

ino(ulum .ila(u(an 'a.a suhu 2an- i.a( erlalu 'anas 2aiu 3&=33oC su'a2a

mi(roor-anisme (onaminan i.a( .a'a um/uh# ,umlah 'enam/ahan starter

se/an2a( ! 4u-a sesuai .en-an 'ern2aaan Ei et al. 6&%%37 /ah@a .alam


16/33

0

'em/uaan acidophilus milk .i-una(an starter #actobacillus acidophilus se/an2a(

! "# Proses erse/u .ila(u(an secara ase'is unu( men-hin.ari um/uhn2a

mi(roor-anisme


17/33

;

01# (onaminan 6*ello@ !;;%7# Kemu.ian .iuu' .en-an aluminium foil aau 'lasi(

unu( meminimal(an (onaminasi# Selan4un2a .ila(u(an in(u/asi 'a.a suhu "$C

selama ! hari an'a -an--uan 6i.a( /oleh .i/u(a .an .ia.u(=a.u(7 sam'ai

er/enu( smooth curd # ?ila elah er/enu( -um'alan .ia.u( 'erlahan hin--a

(enal meraa# Kemu.ian acidophilus milk 2an- su.ah 4a.i .iamai (e(enalan

.era4a (easaman .an as'e( sensori# Suhu in(u/asi 2an- .ila(u(an elah sesuai

.en-an eori menuru Tamine Ro/inson 6!;;;7 /ah@a #actobacillus acidophilus

meru'a(an #actobacilli 2an- /ersi5a o/li-a homo5ermenai5 i.a( moil .an

men-hasil(an asam la(a .en-an suhu o'imum 'erum/uhann2a a.alah ")=3)C#

0$#

00# Dalam mela(u(an 'erco/aan 'eneliian mau'un 'ra(i(um ala=ala .an /ahan 2an-

.i-una(an harus .alam (ea.aan seril# Proses unu( men.a'a(an ala=ala .an

/ahan .alam (ea.aan seril .ise/u serilisasi# To'les (aca 2an- .i-una(an .alam

'em/uaan 'ro.u( susu 5ermenasi ini haruslah .iserilisasi erle/ih .ahulu a-ar

'ro.u( susu 5ermenasi 2an- i.a( er(onaminasi# Proses ase'is .an seril

meru'a(an hal 2an- san-a 'enin- .ila(u(an unu( men-hin.ari er4a.in2a

(onaminasi oleh mi(roor-anisme 2an- i.a( .i(ehen.a(i 6Ha.ioeomo!;;"

Suria@iria &%%)7#

0;#

'(.1. Pa&"u-iai Suu

;%# Susu se/elum .i-una(an .alam 'em/uaan 'ro.u( susu 5ermenasi 'a.a masin-=

masin- (elom'o( erle/ih .ahulu .i'anas(an# Proses 'emanasan .a'a .ise/u 4u-a

se/a-ai aha' 'aseurisasi (arena suhu 2an- .i-una(an menca'ai 0)C# Menuru

Saleh 6&%%37 .ua macam meo.e 'aseurisasi 2aiu:

!# LTLT 6 #o' (emperature #ong (ime7 2aiu 'aseurisasi .en-an suhu 1&C= 1)Cselama "% meni#

HTST 6 )igh (emperature !hort (ime7 2aiu 'aseurisasi .en-an suhu 0)C=

;)C selama !=& meni#

;!# ,a.i 'roses 'aseurisasi .alam 'ra(i(um ini men--una(an meo.e HTST 2aiu

0)C selama & meni# Paseurisasi e5e(i5 unu( mem/unuh /a(eri 'ao-en .alam

susu men-uran-i 'o'ulasi /a(eri .alam susu menahan a-ar mi(ro/a 'erusa( susu

i.a( sam'ai /er(em/an- 6Maiimu et al # &%!" Saleh &%%3 Ismano et al # &%!"7#


18/33

;

Hal ini .i'er(ua .en-an eori Omiccioli et al. 6&%%;7 2an- men-aa(an /ah@a

'aseurisasi


19/33

!%

; .ila(u(an unu( mem/unuh mi(roor-anisme (onaminan .an men-hilan-(an

(esa/ilan (asein susu# Menuru Saleh 6&%%37 'roses 'emanasan susu ini harus

.ila(u(an melalui aha' 'aseurisasi .an i.a( .ian4ur(an melalui aha' serilisasi

(arena serilisasi men--una(an 'emanasan .en-an suhu 2an- san-a in--i 2aiu .i

aas !%%oC selama !)=3% meni sehin--a .a'a mem/unuh semua /a(eri /ai( 'a.a

susu .an merusa( nurisi .alam susu# Hal ini .i.u(un- oleh 'ern2aaan Chirlaue

6&%!!7 /ah@a 'a.a aha' 'aseurisasi e5e( (ehilan-an nilai -iBi 'a.a susu i.a(

erlalu si-ni5i(an# Selain iu aroma .an rasa susu masih ea' .a'a .i'erahan(an#

Selain iu 'roses serilisasi susu a(an men2e/a/(an @arna susu men4a.i co(la

(arena rea(si maillard .an rasa susu men4a.i off fla"or 6alsra et al # &%%17# Oleh

(arena iu 'roses serilisasi i.a( coco( unu( 'ro.u( 5ermenasi susu#

;"#

(*.1. P"n$$u%pa#an Suu

;3# Pen--um'alan susu meru'a(an si5a 2an- 'alin- (has a(i/a (e-iaan enBim aau

'enam/ahan asam selama 'roses 5ermenasi susu# Proses 'en-asaman er4a.i saa

'roses 5ermenasi la(osa men4a.i asam la(a a(an menurun(an 'H sehin--a er4a.i

'en--um'alan (asein# Se.an-(an 'en--um'alan susu an'a 'enurunan 'H er4a.i

(arena a(iias /a(eri 'en-hasil enBim 2aiu *acillus cereus 2an- .a'a mencerna

la'isan i'is 5os5oli'i. .i se(iar /uir=/uir -um'alan susu .an men2au mem/enu(

-um'alan 2an- im/ul .i 'ermu(aan susu 6Sri A/u/a(ar &%%;7# Chirlaue 6&%!!7

2an- men2aa(an /ah@a (oa-ulasi aau 'en--um'alan susu .alam 'em/uaan susu

5ermenasi .ise/a/(an (arena asam 2an- .i'ro.u(si oleh /a(eri asam la(a# Selain

iu 'erla(uan 'anas 4u-a .a'a men--um'al(an 'roein susu (arena er4a.in2a

.enaurasi#

;)#().1. Hai# P"n$a%a&an

;1# Pa.a hasil 'en-amaan 2an- .i'eroleh .i(eahui /ah@a 'a.a yoghurt .en-an

ino(ulum fresh culture (elom'o( A! memili(i (e(enalan 2an- encer se.an-(an

yoghurt .en-an ino(ulum plain yoghurt (omersial (elom'o( A& memili(i

(e(enalan 2an- (uran- (enal# Dalam plain yoghurt (omersial elah .iam/ah(an

/ahan=/ahan lain 2an- men-a(i/a(an (e(enalann2a le/ih in--i 6*ello@s !;;%7#

,a.i .a'a .isim'ul(an /ah@a yoghurt .en-an ino(ulum plain yoghurt (omersial


20/33

!%

le/ih (enal .ari'a.a yoghurt 2an- /erasal .ari ino(ulum fresh culture# Ke(enalan

yoghurt .i'en-aruhi oleh


21/33

!!

;$# 'em/enu(an asam la(a 2an- men.esa/ilisasi mem/ran (asein sehin--a

men2e/a/(an (oa-ulasi 'roein susu .an 'em/enu(an -el yoghurt 6Es(in !;;%7#

Kosi(o@s(i 6!;$$7 menam/ah(an /ah@a e(sur yoghurt 2an- encer menun4u((an

(erusa(an yoghurt sehin--a 'a.a hasil 'ra(i(um ini sehin--a yoghurt .en-an

ino(ulum fresh culture .ian--a' se/a-ai 'ro.u( -a-al# Ke-a-alan ini .a'a er4a.i

(arena (ulur /a(eri 2an- .iam/ah(an i.a( /era.a .alam (on.isi 2an- san-a

a(i5 'roses 'enuan-an ino(ulum (e .alam susu 2an- i.a( as'eis suhu

'emanasan 2an- /erle/ihan 'en.in-inan (uran- .an 'enan-anan 2an- (uran- /ai(

erha.a' curd aau gel # Hal ini sesuai .en-an 'ern2aaan Ha.ioeomo 6!;;"7 /ah@a

'roses ase'is san-a 'enin- .ila(u(an unu( men-hin.ari (onaminasi oleh

mi(roor-anisme 2an- i.a( .i(ehen.a(i .an men-hin.ari me.ia ino(ulasi ersenuh

oleh /en.a=/en.a 2an- i.a( seril# Se.an-(an yoghurt .en-an men--una(an plain

yoghurt (omersial /erhasil (arena memili(i (ara(erisi( 'ro.u( a(hir 2an- sesuai

.en-an 'ro.u( (omersial 'a.a umumn2a# Hal ini menun4u((an /ah@a plain

yoghurt 2an- .i-una(an men-an.un- (ulur a(i5 sehin--a 'roses 5ermenasi

/er4alan .en-an /ai( 6Funia &%!!7# Menuru Es(in 6!;;%7 'H 'a.a yoghurt

/er(isar 3=3)# Hasil 'en-amaan 2an- .i'eroleh elah sesuai .en-an 'ern2aaan

erse/u# Dera4a (easaman yoghurt .ari ino(ulum fresh culture 2aiu 3) .an .era4a

(easaman yoghurt .en-an ino(ulum plain yoghurt (omersial 2aiu 3# Oleh (arena

iu .a'a .i'asi(an /ah@a 4umlah asam .an fla"or 2an- .ihasil(an su.ah e'a#

*a(or=5a(or 2an- /er(onri/usi 'a.a fla"or yoghurt a.alah (easaman (e(enalan

.an (om'onen "olatile 2an- .imili(in2a 6Sur2ono et al # &%%)7# Dalam 'ro.u(si

yoghurt !treptococcus thermophilus /er'eran se/a-ai 'en-hasil asam 6Kosi(o@s(i

!;0&7#

;0#;;# ?er.asar(an hasil 'en-amaan 'a.a (e5ir .ari ino(ulum fresh culture (elom'o( A"

.an (e5ir .ari ino(ulum plain yoghurt (omersial (elom'o( A3 memili(i e(sur

(e(enalan 2an- sama 2aiu (uran- (enal# 6Chirlaue &%!!7 men2aa(an /ah@a

.en-an 'en--unaan ino(ulum 8 plain yoghurt 9 2an- meru'a(an ino(ulum (omersial

2an- serin- .i-una(an seharusn2a 'erum/uhan /a(eri men4a.i le/ih o'imal

.i/an.in-(an ino(ulum 8 fresh culture9 2an- memerlu(an (on.isi lin-(un-an 2an-

harus sesuai sehin--a mun-(in 'erum/uhan /a(erin2a (uran- o'imal#


22/33

!!

?er.asar(an .era4a (easamann2a (e5ir 2an- /erasal .ari ino(ulum fresh culture

memili(i 'H 3) .an (e5ir


23/33

!&

!%%# .en-an ino(ulum (e5ir (omersial memili(i 'H )%# Menuru Ha.i@i2oo 6!;0"7

/ah@a (e5ir memili(i 'H 3=3)# Se.an-(an menuru Ga@are et al. 6&%!!7 'H .ari

(e5ir seharusn2a 31# ?er.asar(an eori=eori erse/u (e5ir (elom'o( A" .en-an

ino(ulum 8 fresh culture9 elah sesuai namun (e5ir 'a.a (elom'o( A3 .en-an

ino(ulum (omersial /elum sesuai# Hal ini mun-(in .ise/a/(an (arena a.an2a

(onaminasi oleh mi(roor-anisme 'em/usu( 2an- i.a( .iin-in(an se'eri coliform,

bacilli .an micrococci 2an- mun-(in men-hasil(an 4umlah asam erenu 2an-

.a'a mem'en-aruhi (easaman 'ro.u( a(hir 6Kosi(o@s(i !;0&7#

!%!#

!% Hasil 'en-amaan A) 'a.a a/el ! menun4u((an /ah@a acidophilus milk

men--una(an ino(ulum 8 fresh culture9 .en-an (e(enalan 2an- (enal .an 'H 3

sera men-hasil(an hasil a(hir 2an- /ai(/erhasil# Hasil 'en-amaan erse/u (uran-

sesuai menuru eori De@i Ul5ah 6&%!!7 /ah@a achidophilus milk memili(i

(e(enalan !!" .'as 2an- /erari san-a encer# Achidophilus milk seharusn2a

memili(i 'H 3)" 6?anina !;007# An-(a ini i.a( .i.a'a(an (arena 'en-u4ian

'ro.u( men--una(an (eras la(mus .an /u(an men--una(an 'H meer sehin--a

i.a( .a'a .i(eahui nilai 'H 2an- e'a# Ke-a-alan 'ro.u( achidophilus milk 4u-a

.a'a .ise/a/(an (arena (onaminasi /a(eri lain .an (ei.a(ase'isan saa

ino(ulasi .ila(u(an# Hal ini sesuai .en-an 'ern2aaan Ha.ioeomo 6!;;"7 2an-

men2aa(an /ah@a 'roses ase'is meru'a(an hal 2an- san-a 'enin- .ila(u(an

unu( men-hin.ari (onaminasi oleh mi(roor-anisme 2an- i.a( .i(ehen.a(i# Hal

ini .i'er(ua .en-an eori Suria@iria 6&%%)7 /ah@a ala=ala .an /ahan 2an-

.i-una(an harus .alam (ea.aan seril# Selama 'roses ino(ulasi ino(ulum 'ra(i(an

4u-a harus men4a-a (eserilan .en-an men--una(an mas(er .e(a .en-an a'i

/unsen .an 'en--unaan al(ohol 'a.a an-an sera me4a#!%"#

!%3# Ke5ir .an acidophilus milk ermasu( .alam 'ro.u( 5ermenasi susu namun

memiili(i (ara(erisi( 2an- /er/e.a# Hal ini .ise/a/(an (arena 4enis

mi(roor-anisme 2an- .i-una(an .alam 'roses 5ermenasi 2an- /er/e.a# Ke5ir .an

acidophilus milk memili(i rasa .an 5laor 2an- /er/e.a# Ke5ir men-an.un- -as

CO& .an al(ohol sehin--a mem/eri(an rasa 2an- le/ih se-ar# Se.an-(an


24/33

!&

acidophilus milk 2an- memili(i rasa asam an'a a.a 5laor al(ohol 6Usmiai

A/u/a(ar &%%;7# ?er.asar(an hasil


25/33

!"

!%)# 'en-amaan secara (eseluruhan acidophilus milk memili(i in-(a (easaman

2an- le/ih ren.ah .i/an.in-(an 2o-hur .an (e5ir 6.en-an & 4enis ino(ulum 2an-

/er/e.a7#

!%1#

106.1. Intestinal Implantable

!%$# +ntestinal implantable meru'a(an mi(ro/a 2an- masu( (e .alam saluran

'encernaan .an .a'a hi.u' .i usus manusia sera .a'a men-(onersi sen2a@a

2an- /erman5aa /a-i manusia se'eri -olon-an /a(eri 'ro/ioi(# Menuru PelcBar

Rei. 6!;)07 er.a'a /era-am 4enis /a(eri 2an- mam'u /erha/ia 'a.a usus

/esar manusia 2aiu (elom'o( /a(eri asam la(a 2an- meru'a(an /a(eri -ram

'osii5 .an (elom'o( enterobacter 2an- meru'a(an /a(eri -ram

ne-ai5# Mi(roor-anisme ini hi.u' secara anaero/i( .an mam'u mele(a 'a.a

'ermu(aan saluran 'encernaan manusia# Oleh (arena iu i.a( semua /a(eri

ermasu( .alam human intestinal implantable (arena i.a( semua /a(eri ahan oleh

'H asam .alam saluran 'encernaan manusia sehin--a han2a /a(eri 2an- ahan

erha.a' 'H asam sa4a 2an- .a'a mam'u hi.u' .alam saluran 'encernaan

manusia# MiBuo(a 6!;;17 menam/ah(an i.a( semua 4enis /a(eri ermasu( .alam

human intestinal implantable (arena i.a( semua 4enis /a(eri /ersi5a 8/ai(9 /a-i

manusia se'eri /a(eri 'em/usu( .an 'ao-en 2an- .a'a menim/ul(an 'en2a(i#

Kailasa'ah2 Chin 6&%%%7 men2aa(an /ah@a i.a( semua /a(eri 2an- er-olon-

'ro/ioi( .an /a(eri asam la(a meru'a(an intestinal implantable se'eri

conohn2a #actobacillus bulgaricus .an !treptococcus thermophilus er-olon-

'ro/ioi( .an /a(eri asam la(a 6?AL7 namun (e.ua /a(eri ini i.a( ahan

erha.a' asam em'e.u sehin--a i.a( .a'a .i(ae-ori(an se/a-ai intestinal

implantable. ,a.i .a'a .i(eahui /ah@a /a(eri intestinal implantable ermasu( .alam /a(eri 'ro/ioi( namun /a(eri 'ro/ioi( /elum enu ermasu( .alam

/a(eri human intestinal implantable.#actobacillus acidophilus serin- .iemui

/era.a .alam usus /esar .an /er'eran unu( mem'ro.u(si Ba mea/oli se'eri

asam or-ani( hi.ro-en 'ero(si.a .an /er/a-ai /a(eriosin 2an- .a'a men-ham/a

'er(em/an-an /a(eri 'ao-en 2an- men2e/a/(an munculn2a 'en2a(i

-asroeneriis 6Kan/e !;;&7# #actobacillus acidophilus meru'a(an strain 2an-

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Enterobacter&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobikhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobikhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobikhttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Enterobacter&action=edit&redlink=1


26/33

!"

ermasu( intestinal implantable (arena /a(eri ini .iemu(an san-a a(i5 (ei(a

/era.a .i saluran 'encernaan manusia 6Gol.in Gor/ach !;037#

1+'.


27/33

1+(. KESIMPULAN

!!%#

• Yoghurt .an (e5ir 2an- men--una(an starter .ari 'ro.u( (omersial le/ih (enal

.i/an.in-(an yoghurt .an (e5ir .en-an men--una(an (ulur se-ar#

• Ke5ir memili(i in-(a (e(enalan 2an- 'alin- in--i .i/an.in-(an yoghurt .an

acidophilus milk #

• Acidophilus milk memili(i in-(a (e(enalan 2an- 'alin- ren.ah .i/an.in-(an

yoghurt .an (e5ir#

• 'H yoghurt a.alah 3 = 3) 'H (e5ir a.alah 31 .an 'H acidophilus milk a.alah 3)"#

• *laor (has yoghurt .ihasil(an oleh asam la(a aseal.ehi.a .iaseil asam asea

.an /ahan=/ahan "olatile lainn2a 2an- .ihasil(an oleh 5ermenasi /a(eri#

• +ntestinal implantable meru'a(an mi(roor-anisme 2an- .a'a hi.u' .i usus

manusia ermasu( /a(eri 'ro/ioi( ahan erha.a' 'H asam .an /ai( /a-i

manusia#

!!!#

!!

!!"# Semaran- &) Mei &%!1

Asisen Dosen:

!!3# Pra(i(an = T4an Iana

Chan.ra = ?eari Resiani

!!)#

!!1#

!!$#6Clemenia Caroline7

!!0# !"#$%#%%&%

11(.

!3


28/33

12+. DAFTAR PUSTAKA

!&!#

!& A-usina L# T# [email protected] T#F# Asui# &%!"# Pen--unaan Sarer ?i4i Ke5ir

Den-an Konsenrasi Fan- ?er/e.a Pa.a Susu Sa'i Terha.a' 'H Dan Ka.ar AsamLa(a# urnal +lmiah -eternakan /0254125#

!&"#

!&3# Asa@an M# # M# Asa@an# 6!;007# Te(nolo-i Pen-olahan Pan-an He@ani

Te'a Guna# C+# A(a.emi(a Pressin.o# ,a(ara#

!&)#

!&1# Alas R# M# 6!;037# Microbiology0 undamentals and Applications# MacMillan

Pu/lishin- Com'an2# Ne@ For(#

!&$#

!&0# Aell ?# P# *ello@s L# Ge.i H# Lu/in R# Muso(e P# Oi=?oaen- R# ulu#6&%%07# pportunities of ood -rocessing, !etting up and &unning a !mall1scale

airy -rocessing *usiness. CTA Mi.@a2 Technolo-2 L.#

!&;#

!"%# ?anina A# +ul(asinoic M ?ran(oic S *ira D Ko4ic M .an To'isiroic L#

6!;007# 6haracteriation of natural isolate #actobacillus acidophilus *8&A43

useful for acidophilus milk production.*acul2 o5 Technolo-2 an. Meallur-2

Karne-i4ea ?el-ra.e Fu-oslaia#

!"!#

!" ?l2un- G# 6!;;)7# Dair2 Processin- Han./oo(# Tera Pa( Processin- S2sem#

[email protected]#!""#

!"3# ?uc(le K#A R#A# [email protected] G#H# *lee .an M# ooon# 6!;0$7# Ilmu Pan-an#

Uniersias In.onesia Press# ,a(ara#

!")#

!"1# Chirlaue Raul AlcaBar# 6&%!!7# actors +nfluencing &a' Milk 9uality and airy

-roducts#Uniersi.a. Poliecnica .e +alencia Escuela Poliecnica Su'erior .e

Gan.ia Licencia.o en Ciencias Am/ienales#Gan.ia#

!"$#

!"0# De@i Inan .an Ul5ah# 6&%!!7# +ia/ilias #actobacillus achidophilus 'a.a Susu*ermenasi 2an- Di'er(a2a .en-an Te'un- Pisan- 6 Musa paradisiaca7#*a(ulas

e(nolo-i 'an-an# Uniersias ?ra@i4a2a#

!";#

!3%# Es(in N# A# M# 6!;;%7# *iochemistry of oods 2nd :dition# Aca.emic Press Inc#

Cali5ornia#

!3!#

!3 Ei S# R# Se2anin-sih A# Susilo@ai# 6&%%37# Pem/uaan Minuman Pro/ioi(

.ari Susu Ke.elai .en-an Ino(ulum #actobacillus casei, #actobacillus

plantarum, .an #actobacillus acidophilus. Uniersias Se/elas Mare# Sura(ara#

!3"#

!)


29/33

!1

!33# *ar.iaB S# 6!;;$7# Ke5ir Susu Asam ?er(hasia# ,urusan Te(nolo-i Pan-an .an

GiBi *a(ulas Te(nolo-i Peranian IP?# ?o-or#

!3)#

!31# *ello@s P# 6!;;%7# *oo. Processin- Technolo-2 : Princi'les an. Pracise# Ellis

Hor@oo. Limie.# Ne@ For(#

!3$#

!30# Ga@are +# K# Koa.e R# Dolas K# Dhama(# 6&%!!7# (he Magic of $efir 0 A

&e"ie'. De'armen o5 Pharmaceuical chemisr2 Pharmacolo-2online !: "$1=

"01#

!3;#

!)%# Giani I# H# Eanuarini# &%!!# Pen-aruh Penam/ahan Gula Dan Lama

Pem2im'anan Terha.a' Kualias *isi( Susu *ermenasi# ,urnal Ilmu .an

Te(nolo-i Hasil Terna( +ol# 1 No# ! Hal &0=""#

!)!#!) Gol.in ?# R# S# L# Gor/ach# 6!;037# (he :ffect of Milk and #actobacillus

eeding on )uman +ntestinal *acterial :nyme Acti"ity. (he American ournal of

6linical ;utrition +ol# "; : $)1=$1!# USA#

!)"#

!)3# Ha.ioeomo R# S# 6!;;"7# Mi(o/iolo-i Dasar .alam Pra(e( Te(ni( .an

Prose.ur Dasar La/oraorium# PT Grame.ia Pusa(a Uama# ,a(ara#

!))#

!)1# Ha.i@i2oo S# 6!;0"7# Penan-anan .an Peman5aaan Sam'ah# Fa2asan I.a2u#

,a(ara#

!)$#

!)0# Ha5sah Asriana# &%! Pen-aruh +ariasi Sarer Terha.a' Kualias Fo-hur

Susu Sa'i# urnal *ionature, 2#

!);#

!1%# Ha2es P# R# 6!;;)7# *oo. Micro/iolo-2 an. H2-iene# Cha'man Hall Lon.on#

!1!#

!1 Ismano T# S# Uami H#A# Suraim# 6&%!"7# Pen-aruh Lama Pen2im'anan Dalam

&efrigerator Terha.a' ?era ,enis .an +is(osias Susu Kam/in- Paseurisasi#

urnal +lmiah -eternakan /0=17?#

!1"#!13# Kailasa'ah2 K# ,# Chin# 6&%%%7# !ur"i"al and (herapeutic -otential of

-robiotic rganisms 'ith &eference to #actobacillus acidophilus and

*ifidobacterium spp. +mmunology and 6ell *iology +ol# $0 : 0%=00# Ne@ Souh

ales Ausralia#

!1)#

!11# Kan/e M# 6!;;&7# Uses o5 Inesinal Lacic Aci. ?aceria an. Healh# In:

NaBa(a@a F# an. A# Hosono 6E.iors7# *uncion o5 *ermene. Mil( : Chalen-es

5or The Healh Science# Elseier A''lie. Science Pu/lishers# Lon.on#

!1$#


30/33

!1

!10# Kosi(o@s(i *# +# 6!;$$7# 6heese and ermented oods# *+ Kosi(o@s(i Asc#

Ne@ For(#

!1;#


31/33

!$

!$%# Kosi(o@s(i *# +# 6!;0&7# Cheese an. *ermene. *oo.s " r. e.# *# +# Kosi(o@s(i

Asc# Ne@ For(#

!$!#

!$ Maiimu C#+# A#M# Le-o@o A#N# Al=?aarri# 6&%!"7# Kara(erisi(

Mi(ro/iolo-is Kimia *isi( .an Or-anole'i( Susu Paseurisasi .en-anPenam/ahan E(sra( Daun Aileru 6@rightia calycina7 Selama Pen2im'anan#

urnal Aplikasi (eknologi -angan


32/33

!0

!;1# Sri A/u/a(ar# 6&%%;7# Te(nolo-i Pen-olahan Susu# ?alai Peneliian .an

Pen-em/an-an Pasca'anen Peranian# ?o-or#

!;$#

!;0# Sumner S R# Hu(ins# 6!;;%7# Ma(in- Yoghurt a Home#ni"ersity of

;ebraska, +nstitute of Agriculture and ;atural &esources .!A.

@@@#ianr#unl#e.u'u/s.air2-33;#hm .ia(ses 'a.a &) Mei &%!1#

!;;#

&%%# Suria@iria H#U# 6&%%)7# Mi(ro/iolo-i Dasar# Pa'as Sinar Sinani# ,a(ara#

&%!#

&% Sur2ono A# S# Mirna@ai A A'ri2anono# 6&%%)7# Su.i Pen-aruh Pen--unaan

?i5i.o/a(eria erha.a' la"or Yoghurt # urnal. (eknol. dan +ndustri -angan# +ol

!1 6!7 : 1&=1;#

&%"#

&%3# Tamine A# F# R# K# Ro/inson# 6!;;;7# Yoghurt !cience and (echnology. CRCPress# ashin-on DC#

&%)#

&%1# Usmiai A/u/a(ar# 6&%%;7# Te(nolo-i Pen-olahan Susu# ?alai ?esar Peneliian

.an Pen-em/an-an Pasca'anen Peranian# ?o-or#

&%$#

&%0# alsra P# ,# T# M# ouers T# ,# Geurs# 6&%%17# Dair2 Science an.

Technolo-2 &n. E.# Ta2lor *rancis Grou' LLC# ?oca Raon#

&%;#

&!%# i.o.o # 6&%%&7# ?ioe(nolo-i *ermenasi Susu# Pusa Pen-em/an-an?ioe(nolo-i# Uniersias Muhamma.i2ah Malan-# Malan-#

&!!#

&! Funia De@i# 6&%!!7# Pem/uaan Ni yoghurt .en-an Per/e.aan Per/an.in-an

!treptococcus thermophilus .an #actobacillus bulgaricus Sera Peru/ahan

Muun2a Selama Pen2im'anan# ,urnal Te(nolo-i Peranian +ol# !& No# &

6A-usus &%!!7 0"=;%#

&!"#

&!3# Fusri2ah N#H# R# A-usini# &%!3# The E55ec O5 *ermenaion An.

Concenraion O5 Ke5ir Grains O5 uali2 O5 Co@Qs Mil( Ke5ir# ;:!A ournal

of 6hemistry


33/33

21. LAMPIRAN

21'.

21'.1. A!&-ak

21'.2. Lapo-an S"%"n&a-a

&!;#

susu fermentasi clementia caroline 13.70.0020 a5 unika soegijapranata

Documents