studi tentang kebutuhan air bersih pada pulau tidung revisi

7/21/2019 Studi Tentang Kebutuhan Air Bersih Pada Pulau Tidung Revisi

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STUDI TENTANG KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH PADA

PULAU TIDUNG, KEPULAUAN SERIBU

Peni Puspitasari

431501505

PRGRA! STUDI PENDIDIKAN GEGRA"I

#URUSAN GEGRA"I

"AKULTAS IL!U SSIAL

UNI$ERSITAS NEGERI #AKARTA

%014

Pr&p&sa' S(ripsi


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1. Tujuan Penelitian

Tu)uan pene'itian ini a*a'a+

1- !en.eta+ui /erapa (e/utu+an air /ersi+ pen*u*u( *i Pu'au Ti*un.-

%- !enentu(an pr&e(si )u'a+ pen*u*u( *an (e/utu+an air untu( 'ia ta+un (e

*epan *i Pu'au Ti*un.-

2. Latar Belakang Masalah

In*&nesia erupa(an ne.ara an. (aa air *an en*u*u(i urutan (e 5 *iantara

ne.ara2ne.ara (aa air sete'a+ Brai', Rusia, +ina, *an Kana*a- Di(eta+ui /a+a In*&nesia

ei'i(i ena persen perse*iaan air *unia atau se(itar %16 *ari perse*iaan Asia Pasi7i(-

e(un.an air *i In*&nesia *iper(ira(an epunai *iper(ira(an epunai t&ta' 8&'ue

se/esar 309 )uta eter (u/i(- :a'aupun air erupa(an senaa (iia an. ter*apat *i a'a

se;ara /er'ipa+2'ipa+- Naun, (eterse*iaan air an. eenu+i sarat /a.i (eper'uan

anusia re'ati7 se*i(it- Hana 0,


3/12

Pu'au Ti*un. erupa(an sa'a+ satu pu'au *i Kepu'auan Seri/u an. ei'i(i )u'a+

pen*u*u( (eti.a ter/ana( *i antara pu'au2pu'au 'ain *i Kepu'auan Seri/u- Pa*a ta+un %010

enurut BPS ter;atat /a+a se/ana( 4-149 )ia en.+uni i'aa+ terse/ut *en.an

(epa*atan pen*u*u( en;apai 3,99 (%- Pu'au ini )u.a *i(ena' se/a.ai sa'a+ satu *estinasi

isata an. a*a *i Kepu'auan Seri/u- Pu'au Ti*un. an. ei'i(i 'uas i'aa+ se/esar 10@

+a ini erupa(an pu'au *en.an pen.un)un. ter/ana( (e*ua sete'a+ Pu'au Untun. #aa /i'a

*i/an*in.(an *en.an pu'au2pu'au *i Kepu'auan Seri/u 'ainna- !enurut *ata Ba*an Pusat

Statisti( =BPS>, pa*a ta+un %014 *i(eta+ui /a+a )u'a+ isataan an. en.un)un.i

Pu'au Ti*un. /ai( '&(a' aupun an;ane.ara /er)u'a+ 3?3-99? )ia- :ar.a ean7aat(an

+a' terse/ut *en.an ;ara enea(an (aar *an sarana pariisata *en.an (euntun.an 500

ri/u rupia+ per +ari *i saat usi 'i/uran- Naun, en.in.at /a+a pu'au (e;i' rentan

ter+a*ap (eterse*iaan air, a(a ta( +eran /i'a sa'a+ satu asa'a+ an. en*era pu'au ini

a*a'a+ (eterse*iaan air /ersi+ an. san.at ter/atas- Di(eta+ui /a+a pas&(an air /ersi+ *ari

te(n&'&.i reverse osmosis /e'u sepenu+na en;u(upi (e/utu+an ar.a, terutaa pa*a

saat usi 'i/uran- Pa*a saat usi 'i/uran, /e/erapa ar.a /a+(an ere'a(an untu( ti*a(

eenu+i (e/utu+an se+ari2+ari seperti e'a(u(an !K =!an*i u;i Ka(us> +in..a a(+ir

'i/uran se'esai- Ter'e/i+, pa*a saat easu(i usi (earau an. /er(epan)an.an e/uat

st&( air /ersi+ sea(in /er(uran.- Pa*a tan..a' 10 Septe/er %01%, Bupati Kepu'auan

Seri/u, A;+a* Lut7i en.a(ui /a+a (e(uran.an air /ersi+ terasa *i 3 (e'ura+an, *an sa'a+

satuna a*a'a+ Ke'ura+an Pu'au Ti*un.- !e'i+at +a' terse/ut, a(a a'ternati7 an. *i;apai

a*a'a+ en..una(an suur resapan an. ean7aat(an air +u)an se/a.ai pas&(an air untu(

;a*an.an- Di(eta+ui /a+a suur resapan *i Pu'au Ti*un. pa*a ta+un %01% en;apai 10

titi(-

Pene'itian ini en.ana'isis *an epre*i(si /ana(na (e/utu+an air /ersi+ untu(

(&n*isi se(aran. *an untu( (e/utu+an *i asa an. a(an *atan. *i Pu'au Ti*un., Kepu'auan


4/12

Seri/u *iana a.ar (e/utu+an air /ersi+ *apat terpenu+i *iper'u(an (e/i)a(an pen.e'&'aan

an. ene'uru+ en;a(up pen.aturan per'in*un.an atas su/er *aa air, pean7aatan

su/er *aa air *en.an *i*u(un. &'e+ pene*iaan sarana *an prasarana pen*istri/usian,

serta pen.e/an.an te(n&'&.i /a.i pene*iaan air, pean7aatan serta pen.&'a+anna-

Ke/utu+an air /ersi+ san.at per'u *iana'isis untu( eper&'e+ (esiapan *ata *an in7&rasi

tentan. air /ersi+ serta )u'a+ (e/utu+an air /ersi+ *i suatu *aera+ an. 'en.(ap *an a(urat-

3. Perumusan Masalah

Berapa /esar (e/utu+an air /ersi+ an. *iper'u(an pa*a Pu'au Ti*un., Kepu'auan

Seri/uC

4. Teori yang Digunakan

a- Air Bersi+

Air /ersi+ a*a'a+ sa'a+ satu )enis su/er *aa /er/asis air an. /erutu /ai(

*an /iasa *ian7aat(an &'e+ anusia untu( *i(&nsusi atau *a'a

e'a(u(an a(ti8itas ere(a se+ari2+ari- Ber*asar(an Peraturan !enteri

Kese+atan N&- 41< Ta+un 1@@0 Tentan. CSarat2sarat Dan Pen.aasan

Kua'itas Air, air /ersi+ a*a'a+ air an. *i.una(an untu( (eper'uan se+ari2+ari

an. (ua'itasna eenu+i sarat (ese+atan *an *apat *iinu apa/i'a te'a+

*iasa(-

1- Persaratan Kuantitas Air Bersi+

Tiap &ran. per+ari e/utu+(an air *en.an )u'a+ an. *itentu(an &'e+

/e/erapa 7a(t&r aitu 7a(t&r (e/u*aaan, status s&;ia' e(&n&i *an

stan*ar +i*up, (esa*aran ter+a*ap (e/ersi+an, pen..unaan untu( +a'2+a'

pr&*u(ti7, /iaa an. *i(e'uar(an untu( air /ersi+ *an (ua'itas air- Pa*a

(&n*isi n&ra' tu/u+ anusia eer'u(an antara 3 10 'iter air per +ari,

ter.antun. ;ua;a *an a(ti7itas an. *i'a(u(anna-

Persaratan (uantitas *a'a pene*iaan air /ersi+ a*a'a+ *itin)au *ari

/ana(na air /a(u an. terse*ia- Artina air /a(u terse/ut *apat


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*i.una(an untu( eenu+i (e/utu+an sesuai *en.an (e/utu+an *aera+

*an )u'a+ pen*u*u( an. a(an *i'aani- Persaratan (uantitas )u.a *apat

*itin)au *ari stan*ar *e/it air /ersi+ an. *ia'ir(an (e (&nsuen sesuai

*en.an )u'a+ (e/utu+an air /ersi+- Ke/utu+an air /ersi+ asara(at

/er8ariasi, ter.antun. pa*a 'eta( .e&.ra7is, (e/u*aaan, tin.(at e(&n&i,

*an s(a'a per(&taan tepat tin..a'na-

%- Tipe Ke/utu+an Air Bersi+

Ke/utu+an air /ersi+ *i*e7inisi(an se/a.ai )u'a+ air /ersi+ an.

*i/utu+(an atau *iinta *a'a suatu siste- "a(t&r27a(t&r an.

epen.aru+i (e/utu+an air /ersi+ e'iputi i('i, (ara(teristi( *aera+,

u(uran (&ta, siste sanitasi an. *i.una(an, siste &perasi *an

pee'i+araan, te(anan air *a'a pipa, (ua'itas air, pen..unaan ateri air,

tin.(at e(&n&i asara(at *an +ar.a air- Se'ain itu )u.a ter*apat

/e/erapa 7a(t&r 'ain an. epen.aru+i (e/utu+an air /ersi+ seperti

)u'a+ pen*u*u(, 7asi'itas air /ersi+ *an a(ti8itas se+ari2+ari- Da'a

ana'isis (e/utu+an air /ersi+, (e/utu+an air an. *iper+itun.(an e'iputi

(e/utu+an air *&esti( *an (e/utu+an air n&n *&esti( =Dire(t&rat

#en*ra' ipta Kara, 1@@-

3- Ke/utu+an Air D&esti(

Ke/utu+an *&esti( =domestic demand> a*a'a+ air /ersi+ an. *i/utu+(an

untu( a(ti8itas se+ari2+ari seperti air untu( inu, !K =!an*i u;i

Ka(us>, easa(, *an 'ain2'ain-

Ke/utu+an *asar *&esti( erupa(an (e/utu+an air /ersi+ /a.i pen*u*u(

'in.(un.an perua+an an. ter/atas pa*a (eper'uan rua+ tan..a seperti

an*i, inu, easa(, *an 'ain 'ain =Keentrian PU,CKe/utu+an Air

Hari !a(siuC>- Tin..ina (e/utu+an ini ter.antun. pa*a peri'a(u,


6/12

status s&sia' *an )u.a (&n*isi i('i =BSN Ra)u, 1@@5>- Stan*ar (e/utu+an

air *&esti( aitu (e/utu+an air /ersi+ an. *i.una(an pa*a tepat2

tepat +unian pri/a*i untu( eenu+i +a)at +i*up se+ari2+ari, seperti

pea(aian air untu( inu, an*i, *an en;u;i- Satuan an. *ipa(ai

a*a'a+ 'iter&ran.+ari- Ana'isis se(t&r *&esti( untu( asa en*atan.

*i'a(sana(an *en.an *asar ana'isis pertu/u+an pen*u*u( pa*a i'aa+

an. *iren;ana(an-

Untu( eper(ira(an )u'a+ (e/utu+an air *&esti( saat ini *an *i asa

an. a(an *atan. *i+itun. /er*asar(an )u'a+ pen*u*u(, tin.(at

pertu/u+an pen*u*u( *an (e/utu+an air per(apita- Ke/utu+an air

per(apita *ipen.aru+i &'e+ a(ti8itas 7isi( *an (e/iasaan atau tin.(at

(ese)a+teraan- 'e+ (arena itu, *a'a eper(ira(an /esarna (e/utu+an

air *&esti( per'u *i/e*a(an antara (e/utu+an air untu( pen*u*u( *aera+

ur/an =per(&taan> *an *aera+ rura' =per*esaan>- A*ana pe/e*aan

(e/utu+an air *i'a(u(an *en.an perti/an.an /a+a pen*u*u( *i *aera+

ur/an ;en*erun. ean7aat(an air se;ara /er'e/i+ *i/an*in.(an

pen*u*u( *i *aera+ rura'- Besarna (&nsusi air *apat en.a;u pa*a

/er/a.ai a;a stan*ar an. te'a+ *ipu/'i(asi(an- Beri(ut a*a'a+ ta/e'

en.enai (riteria peren;aanan air /ersi+

URAA!

"AT#$%R "%TA B#RDA&AR"A! 'UMLA( P#!DUDU" )'*A+

,1.---.--- --.---

s/0 1.---.---

1--.---

s/0 --.---

2-.---

s/0 1--.---

2-.---

"ota

Metroolitan

"ota Besar "ota &e0ang "ota "eil Desa

1 2 3 4

K&nsusi Unit Sa/un.an

Rua+ =SR> ='iter&ran.+ari>

1@0 1?0 130 100 90


7/12

K&nsusi Unit Hi*ran =HU>

='iter&ran.+ari>

30 30 30 30 30

K&nsusi Unit N&n D&esti(

='iter&ran.+ari>

%0230 %0231 %023% %0233 %0234

Ke+i'an.an Air =6> %0230 %0230 %0230 %0230 %0230

"a(t&r Hari !a(siu 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1

"a(t&r #a Pun;a( 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5

#u'a+ #ia per SR =)ia> 5 5 5 5 5

#u'a+ #ia per HU =)ia> 100 100 100 1002%00 %00

Sisa Te(an *i Pene*iaan

Distri/usi =!eter>

10 10 10 10 10

#a perasi =)a> %4 %4 %4 %4 %4

$&'ue Reser8&ir =6> !aF

Da Dean*>

152%5 152%5 152%5 152%5 152%5

SRHU 50 50

s* 90 %0

50 50

s* 90 %0

90 %0 ?0 30 ?0 30

a(upan :i'aa+ Pe'aanan

=6>

@0 @0 @0 @0 ?0

Sumber : Direktorat Jendral Cipta Karya, Departemen Pekerjaan mum, !""#

4- Ke/utu+an Air N&n D&esti(Ke/utu+an *asar air n&n *&esti( erupa(an (e/utu+an air /a.i

pen*u*u( *i 'uar 'in.(un.an perua+an =Keentrian PU, Ke/utu+an Air

Hari !a(siuC>- Ke/utu+an air n&n *&esti( serin. )u.a *ise/ut

(e/utu+an air per(&taan =uni;ipa'>- Besar (e/utu+an air /ersi+ ini

*itentu(an /ana(na (&nsuen n&n *&esti( an. e'iputi 7asi'itas

per(ant&ran =peerinta+ *an sasta>, tepat2tepat i/a*a+ =as)i*,

.ere)a, *''>, pen*i*i(an =se(&'a+2se(&'a+>, (&ersi' =t&(&, +&te'>, uu

=pasar, terina'> *an In*ustri-

Besarna (e/utu+an air per(&taan *apat *itentu(an &'e+ /ana(na

7asi'itas per(&taan terse/ut- Ke/utu+an ini san.at *ipen.aru+i &'e+ tin.(at

*inai(a (&ta *an )en)an. suatu (&ta-Untu( eper(ira(an (e/utu+an air


8/12

per(&taan suatu (&ta a(a *iper'u(an *ata2*ata 'en.(ap tentan. 7asi'itas

pen*u(un. (&ta terse/ut-

Ana'isis se(t&r n&n *&esti( *i'a(sana(an *en.an /erpe.an.an pa*a

ana'isis *ata pertu/u+an tera(+ir 7asi'itas 7asi'itas s&sia' e(&n&i an.

a*a pa*a i'aa+ peren;anaan- Ke/utu+an air n&n *&esti( untu( (&ta

*apat *i/a.i *a'a /e/erapa

(ate.&ri

1> K&ta Kate.&ri I =!etr&>

%> K&ta Kate.&ri II =K&ta Besar>

3> K&ta Kate.&ri III =K&ta Se*an.>

4> K&ta Kate.&ri I$ =K&ta Ke;i'>

5> K&ta Kate.&ri $ =Desa>

Beri(ut a*a'a+ ta/e' an. enapi'(an stan*ar an. *apat *i.una(an

untu( en.+itun. (e/utu+an air per(&taan apa/i'a *ata rin;i en.enai

7asi'itas (&ta *apat *iper&'e+-

Ta/e' Ke/utu+an Air N&n D&esti( Untu( Kate.&ri I, II, III, *an I$-

"T%R !LA &ATUA!

Se(&'a+ 10 Literuri*+ari

Rua+ Sa(it %00 Liter/e*+ari

Pus(esas %000 Literunit+ari

!as)i* 3000 Literunit+ari

Kant&r 10 Literpe.aai+ari

Pasar 1%000 Liter+e(tar+ari

H&te' 150 Liter/e*+ariRua+ !a(an 100 Litertepat *u*u(+ari

K&p'e( !i'iter


9/12


Ta/e' Ke/utu+an Air N&n D&esti( Kate.&ri Lain

"T%R !LA &ATUA!

Lapan.an Ter/an. 10 Liter&ran.*eti(

Pe'a/u+an 50 Liter&ran.*eti(

Stasiun KA *an Terina' Bus 10 Liter&ran.*eti(

Kaasan In*ustri 0,?5 Liter*eti(+e(tar


ara 'ain untu( en.+itun. /esarna (e/utu+an per(&taan a*a'a+ *en.an

en..una(an stan*ar (e/utu+an air per(&taan an. *i*asar(an pa*a

(e/utu+an air rua+ tan..a =*&esti(>- Besarna (e/utu+an air per(&taan

*apat *iper&'e+ *en.an presentase *ari )u'a+ (e/utu+an rua+ tan..a,

/er(isar antara %5 2 406 *ari (e/utu+an air rua+ tan..a- An.(a 406

/er'a(u (+usus untu( (&ta etr&p&'itan an. ei'i(i (epa*atan

pen*u*u( san.at tin..i seperti #a(arta- Ke/utu+an air per(&taan *apat

*i'i+at pa*a Ta/e' %-?- Ta/e' ini *i.una(an /i'a ti*a( a*a *ata rin;i

en.enai 7asi'itas (&ta-

Besarna Ke/utu+an Air N&n D&esti( !enurut #u'a+ Pen*u*u(

"riteria

)'umlah Pen0u0uk+

'umlah "e5utuhan Air !on Domestik

)6 "e5utuhan Air Rumah Tangga+

500-000 40

100-000 500-000 35

100-000 %5Sumber : Pedoman Konstruksi dan $an%unan, Dep& P&

/- Pr&e(si Pertu/u+an Pen*u*u(


10/12

Pre*i(si )u'a+ pen*u*u( *i asa an. a(an *atan. san.at pentin. *a'a

eper+itun.(an )u'a+ (e/utu+an air /ersi+ *i asa an. a(an *atan.-

#u'a+ pen*u*u( epen.aru+i tin.(at (e/utu+an air /ersi+- Sea(in

enin.(atna p&pu'asi pen*u*u( *ari asa (e asa a(an en.a(i/at(an

penin.(atan a(an (e/utu+an air /ersi+ *i asa2asa an. a(an *atan.-

Pre*i(si )u'a+ pen*u*u( *apat *iper&'e+ *en.an pr&e(si pen*u*u(-

Pr&e(si pen*u*u( /er*asar(an sensus pen*u*u(- Disini pr&e(si pen*u*u(

ti*a( +ana /e/erapa ta+un sesu*a+ sensus tetapi un.(in sapai /e/erapa

pu'u+ ta+un sesu*a+ sensus- Den.an eper+ati(an 'a)u per(e/an.an

)u'a+ pen*u*u( asa 'apau, a(a et&*e statisti( erupa(an et&*e

an. pa'in. en*e(ati untu( eper(ira(an )u'a+ pen*u*u( *i asa

en*atan.-

1- !et&*e Pr&e(si Pen*u*u(

!et&*e an. *apat *i.una(an untu( en.ana'isa per(e/an.an )u'a+

pen*u*u( *i asa en*atan. a*a'a+ se/a.ai /eri(ut

Meto0e Aritmatika

!et&*e ini /iasana *ise/ut )u.a *en.an rata2rata +i'an.- !et&*e ini

*i.una(an apa/i'a *ata /er(a'a enun)u((an )u'a+ pena/a+an an.

re'ati8e saa setiap ta+un- Ha' ini ter)a*i pa*a (&ta *en.an 'uas i'aa+

an. (e;i', tin.(at pertu/u+an e(&n&i ren*a+ *an per(e/an.an (&ta

ti*a( ter'a'u pesat- Ruusna

Pn P& J n-Ka

Ka t

PtPo >=

Diana

Pn #u'a+ pen*u*u( pa*a ta+un (e2n =)ia>

P& #u'a+ pen*u*u( pa*a ta+un aa'

n Peri&*e a(tu *a'a ta+un

Ka K&nstanta aritati(a

Meto0e $eometrik


11/12

!et&*e ini *i.una(an /i'a *ata enun)u((an penin.(atan an. pesat *ari

a(tu (e a(tu- #a*i pertu/u+an pen*u*u( *iana an.(a pertu/u+an

a*a'a+ saa atau (&nstan untu( setiap ta+un, ruusna

Pn P& = 1 J r >nDiana

Pn #u'a+ pen*u*u( pa*a ta+un n

P& #u'a+ pen*u*u( pa*a ta+un aa'

r An.(a pertu/u+an pen*u*u(

n Peri&*e a(tu *a'a ta+un

. Meto0e Penelitian

!et&*e pene'itian an. a(an *i.una(an pa*a pene'itian ini a*a'a+ en..una(an

et&*e *es(ripti7 (ua'itati7 *en.an % ;ara pene'itian, aitu

1- Pene'itian Kepusta(aan

%- Pene'itian Epiris

. Temat 0an *aktu Penelitian

Pene'itian *ata 'apan.an *i'a(u(an *i Pu'au Ti*un., Kepu'auan Seri/u- Pen.upu'an

*ata 'apan.an *i'a(sana(an pa*a /u'an Dese/er %014- Se*an.(an pen.&'a+an *ata

*i'a(u(an pa*a /u'an #anuari2"e/ruari %015-

7. Poulasi 0an &amel

P&pu'asi pa*a pene'itian ini a*a'a+ se'uru+ ar.a an. a*a *i Pu'au Ti*un.-

Se*an.(an untu( sape' pene'itian a*a'a+ ar.a an. /er*&isi'i *i Pu'au Ti*un.-

8. Teknik Analisis Data

Te(ni( ana'isis *ata pa*a pene'itian ini a*a'a+ en..una(an ana'isis *ata statisti(

*en.an en..una(an 8aria/e' *an pen.u(uran se/a.ai /eri(ut

$aria/e' pene'itian *i/e*a(an atas 8aria/e' /e/as *an 8aria/e' teri(at, an. ter*iri *ari


12/12

2 Dua 8aria/e' /e/as

1> #u'a+ pen*u*u( =1>

%> Besarna pr&*u(si air an. tersa'ur(an *i i'aa+ an. *ite'iti =%>2 Satu 8aria/e' teri(at

1> Peenu+an (e/utu+an air /ersi+ *i i'aa+ an. *ite'iti =>

Untu( en;apai tu)uan pene'itian terse/ut, *i.una(an ;ara regresi linier se0erhana

*en.an persaaan

9 : a ; 5 perta/a+an

pen*u*u( Pu'au Ti*un., *an tren* /esarna (e/utu+an air /ersi+ asara(at Pu'au

Ti*un.-

Untu( en.eta+ui +u/un.an anatara 8aria/e' )u'a+ pen*u*u( DKI #a(arta *an

/esarna pr&*u(si air /ersi+ *i DKI #a(arta ter+a*ap peenu+an (e/utu+an air /ersi+

*apat *i'a(u(an ana'isis et&*e regresi linier gan0aaitu

9 : a ; 51=1 ; 52=2

Diana

9 8aria/e' teri(at

=1> =2 8aria/e' /e/as

a> 51 0an 52 (&nstanta

studi tentang kebutuhan air bersih pada pulau tidung revisi

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