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Development of an Optimal Floating Breakwater Using Numerical Computation Method

Sistem Pengendalian (2)Marine System EngineeringNaval Architecture DepartmentEngineering Faculty, Hasanuddin UniversityFaisal MAHMUDDIN

[email protected] you very much Prof. Kashiwagi for the chance.Good morning everyone and thank you very much also for coming to my presentation.Today I will present my dissertation which is about DesignI guess everyone has seen or knows about floating breakwater which can be seen in these photos.

1Topik PerkuliahanPengenalan pada Sistem KontrolSensor Mekanik dan ElektronikTransmistter / KontrollerAksi Kontrol (P, PI, PD, PID)Katup dan AktuatorSupply Kontrol UdaraKontrol Sistem KelautanBridge ControlEven though the analysis was verified using hydrodynamical relations shown in the previous slide, it is also important to conduct experiment to further confirmed the analysis.Besides to check the numerical results, the experiment could also tell us how different the numerical results to measured results since the anaylis is based on potential flow.2Sensor Mekanik dan ElektrikSuhuTekananAliranLevelRegangan (strain)Even though the analysis was verified using hydrodynamical relations shown in the previous slide, it is also important to conduct experiment to further confirmed the analysis.Besides to check the numerical results, the experiment could also tell us how different the numerical results to measured results since the anaylis is based on potential flow.3Pengukuran SuhuEven though the analysis was verified using hydrodynamical relations shown in the previous slide, it is also important to conduct experiment to further confirmed the analysis.Besides to check the numerical results, the experiment could also tell us how different the numerical results to measured results since the anaylis is based on potential flow.4Teori Dasar (1)5 Variabel fisik : suhu merujuk ke tingkat panas atau dinginnya sebuah obyekUnit/Skala : derajat celsius (oC), [SI] Kelvin (K), dan Fahrenheit (oF)Hubungan :

Teori Dasar (2)6 pengukuran suhu tidak dilakukan secara langsungEfek suhu : pemuaian, konduksi termal, konveksi dan radiasiMetode pengukuran umum : pemuaian (expansion), elektrik, dan radiasiInstrumen pengukuran suhu yang umum : cairan didalam thermometer kaca, filled-system thermometers, bi-metallic thermometers, thermocouples, RDT, thermistors dan pyrometers

Termometer dengan cairan dalam kaca7Prinsip : pemuaian cairan (mercury HG, alcohol)Range : tergantung dari cairan dan gas pada suhu tinggiMercury : -30oC sampai 600oCAlcohol : -80oC sampai 70oC

Filled-System Thermometers8Prinsip : tipe yang diisi dengan cairan, uap air, dan gasKonstruksi : bola lampu yang menghubungkan sebuah pipa kapiler dan pipa dengan mekanisme Bourdon

Bi-Metallic Thermometers9Prinsip : mengukur perbedaan pemuaian antara 2 material berbeda yang dihubungkan secara kaku

Thermocouples10Prinsip : emf dihasilkan jika dua pertemuan berada pada suhu yang berbeda

Tipe Thermocouples11

Sensitivitas Thermocouples12

Sirkuit Dasar Thermocouples13

Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD)14Prinsip : tahanan (resistance) dari sebuah logam meningkat saat suhu meningkatKonstruksi :

Teori Dasar RTD15Tahanan pada suhu T

Untuk suhu dengan range terbatas

Sistem Pengukuran RTD16

Antarmuka RTD17

Interface (untuk ke indikator, perekam atau kontroller atau PCContoh aplikasiPengukuran TekananEven though the analysis was verified using hydrodynamical relations shown in the previous slide, it is also important to conduct experiment to further confirmed the analysis.Besides to check the numerical results, the experiment could also tell us how different the numerical results to measured results since the anaylis is based on potential flow.18Teori Dasar (1)19Tekanan merupakan salah satu variabel yang paling sering diukur di kapalTekanan uap, tekanan air panas, tekanan kondensor, tekanan minyak pelumas, tekanan gas, tekanan kompressor udara, dll.Tekanan adalah besarnya gaya yang beraksi pada permukaan are, maka :

Teori Dasar (2)20Tekanan absolut (P2=0)Tekanan atmosfer (101,3 kPa)Tekanan alat (P2=tekanan atmosfer)Vakum (P2 lebih kecil dibanding tekanan atmosfer)Perbedaan tekanan (P2 = pada tekanan tertentu)

Tekanan Head21Tekanan head : tekanan head statis atau head statis

Tekanan pada Kedalaman22Bekerja dengan nilai yang sama besar ke semua arahBekerja dengan arah normal terhadap permukaan

Manometer23Contoh aplikasi : indikator dan monitoring

Tabung Bourdon (1)24Prinsip : Tipe CKonstruksi :

Tabung Bourdon (2)25Tipe alternatif : tipe spiral dan Aplikasi : tekanan transmitter

Sel Perbedaan Tekanan26Merupakan alat pengukur tekanan menggunakan sebuah logam diaphragm fleksibelDua sel D/P yang terpisah sbb

D/P Transmitter27Contoh transmitter D/P : Bellow, resistance, inductance (lvdt), capacitance, diaphragm, piezo-electric types

Aplikasi D/P Transmitter283 fungsi dasar : indikator, alarm dan kontrol (tekanan, aliran, kontrol sistem levelKekhawatiran terhadap lingkunganTekanan atmosfer : alat pengukur tekanan sangat sensitive terhadap perubahan tekanan atmosfer yang di sekeliling detektor >> menyebabkan perubahan nilai tekananSuhu lingkungan : pengaruh tahanan komponen menyebabkan berkurangnya akurasi dan reliabilityKelembaban : kelembaban tinggi mempengaruhi peralatan elektronik >> arus pendek, korosi, dsb