rombel 1 arum mustika sari 6411414016_topik 2

8/19/2019 Rombel 1 Arum Mustika Sari 6411414016_Topik 2

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SOCIAL REFORM AND THE SANITARY MOVEMENT

(1830–1875) y :

Arum Mustika Sari

6411414016

Class 1 Public Health 2014


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• English civil war in 1646, veterans of theParliamentary Army called on the government toprovide free schools and free medical care.

• Moskow Rsia !1""1#1""$% was sppressed &yincentive payments to &ring the sick for care.

• Manchester !1"'(% had esta&lished volntary &oardsof health, &t they lacked the athority to alterfndamental conditions to control epidemics andr&an decay.

• !1)*$% the Paris +rea addressed a wide range ofp&lic health concerns, inclding sanitation, foodcontrol, health statistics, occpational health, rstaid, and medical care isses.

• +ritain !1)-*% eteriorating hosing, sanitation, andwork conditions in +ritain reslted in rising mortalityrates recorded in the +ills of Mortality.

The Hist!"


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• Le#is$%ti& i& the 1830 i& '!it%i& %& C%&%% i*!+e the

%,i$it" - .&i/i*%$ities %& ,%!s - he%$th t /*e ith+e!si#ht - /.&it" %te! s.**$ies %& s%&it%ti&

• The Ch%i/2 (184) %& Sh%tt./2 (1850) !e*!ts e+e$*e the/&/e*t - .&i/i*%$ ,%!s - he%$th ,%se & *.,$i/ he%$th $%ith % *.,$i/ %&%te t s.*e!+ise %& !e#.$%te /.&it"s%&it%ti&

• The '!itish %!$i%e&t *%sse the He%$th - T&s A/t %& the.,$i/ He%$th A/t - 188 This est%,$ishe the 6e&e!%$ '%! -He%$th %i&$" t e&s.!e s%-et" - /.&it" %te! s.**$ies %&

!%i&%#e est%,$ishi .&i/i*%$ ,%!s - he%$th i& the %!/ities %& !.!%$ $/%$ %.th!ities %$ ith h.si $e#is$%ti&%& the! !e-!s Des*ite set,%/2s .e t !e%/ti& t thesee+e$*e&ts the ,%sis %s $%i -! the 9S%&it%!" Re+$.ti&:e%$i ith .!,%& s%&it%ti& %& he%$th /&iti&s %s e$$ %s/h$e!% t"*hi %& t.,e!/.$sis /&t!$

The Hist!"


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• /n 1)(*, the Massachsetts 0anitaryommission, chaired &y 2emel 0hattck, wasesta&lished to look into similar conditions inthat state. +oards of health esta&lished earlier

in the centry &ecame e3ciently organied ande5ective in sanitary reform in the nited0tates.

• /n 1)6', the Massachsetts 0tate +oard of

7ealth was esta&lished and in the same year aRoyal 0anitary ommission was appointed inthe nited 8ingdom.

The Hist!"


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• The Ae!i/%& .,$i/ He%$th Ass/i%ti& (AHA)est%,$ishe i& 1874 se!+e %s % *!-essi&%$e./%ti&%$ %& $,,"i #!.* t *!te the i&te!ests- *.,$i/ he%$th i& the ;&ite St%tes

• I& 18


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• I& 1881 Ott +& 'is%!/2 Ch%&/e$$! -6e!%&" i&t!./e $e#is$%ti& *!+ii%&%t!" i&s.!%&/e -! i&.!" %& i$$&ess %&

s.!+i+! ,e&e=ts -! !2e!s i& i&.st!i%$ *$%&ts

• i& 1883 i&t!./e s/i%$ i&s.!%&/e -! he%$th/%!e - !2e!s %& thei! -%i$ies ,%se &

%&%t!" *%"e&ts -! !2e!s> s%$%!ies %&e*$"e! /&t!i,.ti&s

The Hist!"


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The h%!sh /&iti&s i& the .!,%& i&.st!i%$ %&i&i /e&te!s - E.!*e .!i the i&.st!i%$ !e+$.ti&$e t e?!ts i& s/i%$ !e-! *!e/ei %& /&t!i,.tit s%&it%!" !e-! e+e& ,e-!e the #e! the!" -ise%se /%.s%ti& %s *!+e& %& the s/ie&/e -

i/!,i$#" est%,$ishe

i&ee!i ,!e%2th!.#hs ,%se & t!i%$ %& e!!!/h%$$ee the est%,$ishe #%s - the tie *!./ethe s%&it%!" !e+$.ti& sti$$ &e - the i*!t%&t

-.&%ti&s - *.,$i/ he%$th

The Hist!"


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Snow On Cholera The #!e%t /h$e!% *%&ei/s !i#i&%te i& I&i% ,etee&

1845 %& 185 %& s*!e% +i% i&/!e%si$" !%*it!%&s*!t%ti& t E.!*e %& N!th Ae!i/%

D.!i Se*te,e! t O/t,e! 185 S& i&+esti#%te%&the! .t,!e%2 %#%i& s.s*e/ti %te! t!%&sissi&

'etee& 188 %& 185 % se!ies - .t,!e%2s - /h$e!%//.!!e i& L&& ith $%!#e@s/%$e $ss - $i-e

+e!he$i e*iei$#i/ s.**!t -! S&>s h"*thesisth%t the /h$e!% e*iei/ s.!/e %s the /&t%i&%te %te!

-! the Th%es Ri+e! ist!i,.te t hes i& % $%!#e %!e% -s.th L&&


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Death from Cholera Epidemic


10/28

This is caused Cholera disease


11/28

Water Is Vehicle Of Transmission

Of The Disease.

i$$i% '. *h"si/i%& %t the '!ist$ R"%$I&=!%!" %s % *i&ee!i eB*&e&t - the #e!the!" - ise%se He -.& th%t % *e!s& itht"*hi h% ,ee& %t the $/%ti& se %"s,e-!e %& th%t his eB/!et% h% ,ee& is*se -&e%! % e$$ -! hi/h %te! %s !%& -! the,%$$ '. the& /&/$.e th%t %te! %s the

+ehi/$e - t!%&sissi& - the ise%se


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Water Is Vehicle OfTransmission Of The Disease.

The ,!i$$i%&t e*iei$#i/ st.ies - S& %& '.set % &e i!e/ti& i& e*iei$#" %& *.,$i/ he%$th*!%/ti/e &t &$" ith %te!,!&e ise%se The"

est%,$ishe % st%&%! -! i&+esti#%ti& - theist!i,.ti& - ise%se i& **.$%ti&s ith the ,e/t -=&i % %" t i&te!!.*t the t!%&sissi& - ise%seI*!+e s%&it%ti& %& %te! s%-et" e+e$*e i& .!,%&%& !.!%$ **.$%ti& /e&te!s /&t!i,.te #!e%t$" t

i*!+e s.!+i+%$ %& e/!e%se i& /h$e!% %& t"*hie*iei/s


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The Dise%ses th%t C%.se %te!

T!%/h%

M%$%!i%He*%titis

Ch$e!%


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6e! Vs Mi%s% The!ies

9he miasma theory

H$i th%t ise%se %s the !es.$t - e&+i!&e&t%$e%&%ti&s ! i%s%s

e&t ,%/2 t 6!ee2 %& R%& ei/i&e %& Hi**/!%tes(Ai! %te! %& $%/es)

Mi%sists ,e$ie+e th%t ise%se %s /%.se ," i&-e/ti.s

ists ! &Bi.s +%*!s e%&%ti -! =$th i& the t&s


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6e!

The /&t%#i& ! #e! the!" #%i&e #!.&

es*ite the $%/2 - s/ie&ti=/ *!- & the ,%sis


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The *!%/ti/%$ %**$i/%ti& - s%&it%!" !e-! %s *!te," ,th the!ies I&/!e%si %tte&ti& t se%#e %te! s%-et"%& !e+%$ - %ste *!./ts ," !#%&ie .&i/i*%$%/ti+ities %s %*te i& E.!*e%& %& N!th Ae!i/%& /ities

The s*e/i=/ /%.s%ti& - ise%se (the #e! the!") h%s ,ee& %+it%$ *%!t - the e+e$*e&t - *.,$i/ he%$th

'.t thse h %!#.e th%t ise%se is e&+i!&e&t%$ i&!i#i& (the i%s% the!") %$s /&t!i,.te t *.,$i/ he%$th,e/%.se - thei! !e/#&iti& - the i*!t%&/e - s/i%$ !the! e&+i!&e&t%$ -%/t!s s./h %s *! s%&it%ti& %&h.si /&iti&s ! &.t!iti&%$ st%t.s %$$ - hi/h i&/!e%ses.s/e*ti,i$it" t s*e/i=/ %#e&ts - ise%se ! the se+e!it" -ise%se



17/28

HOSITAL REFORM

Hs*it%$s e+e$*e ," &%ste!ies %s /h%!it%,$e se!+i/ese!e s.**$%&te ," +$.&t%!" ! .&i/i*%$ hs*it%$s %i&$"-! the *! .!i %& %-te! the Re&%iss%&/e Re-!s i&hs*it%$ /%!e e+$+e %$ ith the s%&it%!" !e+$.ti&

!-essi&%$ !e-! i& hs*it%$ !#%&i%ti& %& /%!est%!te i& the $%tte! h%$- - the &i&etee&th /e&t.!" .&e! thei&.e&/e - F$!e&/e Ni#hti%$e O$i+e! e&e$ H$es %&I#&% See$eiss C$i&i/%$– e*iei$#i/ st.ies -9%&tise*ti/ *!i&/i*$es: *!+ie % &e s/ie&ti=/ %**!%/h ti*!+ee&t i& he%$th /%!e


18/28

I& the 180s *.e!*e!%$ -e+e! %s % %! /%.se - e%th i&/hi$,i!th %& %s the s.,e/t - i&+esti#%ti& ," H$es i& the;&ite St%tes h %!#.e th%t this %s .e t % /&t%#i&

I& 18


19/28

I& the 1850s *!e+e&ti& - ,$i&&ess i&&e,!&s ," *!*h"$%/ti/ .se - si$+e! &it!%tee"e!*s e+e$*e ," %!$ C!ee i& Lei*i#

s*!e% !%*i$" th!.#h the ei/%$ !$ This*!%/ti/e /&ti&.es t ,e % st%&%! i&*!e+e&ti& - *hth%$i% &e&%t!.

HOSITAL

REFORM


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F$!e&/e Ni#hti%$e>s e&t.s !2 i& &.!si%& hs*it%$ %i&ist!%ti& i& the C!ie%& %! (185–185


21/28

Des*ite %$$ the /..$%ti+e *!#!ess +e! the*%st 150 "e%!s s./h %s the %+e&t - ste!i$ete/h&i.es %& %&ti,iti/s hs*it%$@%/.i!ei&-e/ti& !e%i&s % se!i.s *.,$i/ he%$th *!,$e

t the *!ese&t tie ith .$ti!.#@!esist%&t!#%&iss %& % *e!siste&t -%i$.!e - !e#.$%! .se- si*$e h%& %shi ,etee& *%tie&t /%!e ,"/t!s %& &.!ses %& i& %&tise*ti/ e%s.!es&ee -! i&+%si+e *!/e.!es s./h %s /e&t!%$

+e&.s %& ,$%e! /%thete!s

HOSITALREFORM


22/28

I&-!%ti&


23/28

THE BACTEIO!O"ICEVO!#TIO$

I& the thi! .%!te! - the &i&etee&th /e&t.!"the s%&it%!" +ee&t !%*i$" s*!e% th!.#h the/ities - E.!*e ith e&st!%,$e s.//ess i&!e./i ise%se i& %!e%s se!+e ," se%#e!%i&s i*!+e %te! s.**$ies st!eet *%+i %&%ste !e+%$

At the s%e tie i&&+%ti&s //.!!e i&

hs*it%$s st!essi h"#ie&e %& *!-essi&%$i%ti&- &.!si %& %i&ist!%ti&


24/28

I& the 1850s t 1870s L.is %ste.! % F!e&/h *!-ess! -/heist!" G

• He est%,$ishe % s/ie&ti=/ eB*e!ie&t%$ *!- -! the #e!the!" ith his e&st!%ti& i& 185 - %&%e!,i/ i/!,i%$

-e!e&t%ti&• 'etee& 185< %& 18


25/28

Fe!i&%& .$i.s Ch& (1848–188) *!-ess! -'t%&" %t '!es$%. ;&i+e!sit" e+e$*e %&s"ste%tie the s/ie&/e - ,%/te!i$#" .si!*h$#" st%i&i %& ei% /h%!%/te!isti/s- i/!!#%&iss %& t!%i&e % 2e" #e&e!%ti&- i/!,i$#i/%$ i&+esti#%t!s

THE BACTEIO!O"IC

EVO!#TIO$


26/28

R,e!t /h (183–110 G

• I& 1884 /h e&st!%te %& /.$t.!e the t.,e!/$e,%/i$$.s He the& he%e the 6e!%& Ch$e!%

Cissi& +isiti E#"*t %& I&i% i& 1883 is$%ti%& ie&ti-"i Vi,!i /h$e!%e (N,e$ !ie 105)

• He e&st!%te the eJ/%/" - %te! =$t!%ti& i&*!e+e&ti t!%&sissi& - e&te!i/ ise%se i&/$.i/h$e!%

• I& 1883 /h %%*ti *st.$%tes & /%.s%ti& -ise%se -! /$i&i/i%&–*%th$#ist %/, He&$e (180–1885)

THE BACTEIO!O"IC

EVO!#TIO$


27/28

st.$%te /h


28/28

Te!i%2%siih

KK

rombel 1 arum mustika sari 6411414016_topik 2

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