1 CONTENTS11CONTENTS

22SOURCES OF PROBLEMS BEHAVIOUR

22.1Short-notes

42.2Mind map

53THE EFFECTS OF DRUG ADDICTION

53.1Short-notes

83.2Mind map

94DRUG ABUSE RECOVERY PROGRAMS

94.1Short-notes

114.2Mind map

125SUMMARY

136REFLECTION

147REFLECTION

158REFLECTION

169REFERENCE

1710 APPENDIX

2 SOURCES OF PROBLEMS BEHAVIOUR 2.1 Short-notesFamily Factors.

Parental drug use is correlated with initiation of use of many substances. The role of environmental and genetic influences on substance use.

Parental absence, inconsistent discipline, hypocritical morality, poor communication, parental conflicts, and family breakup.Early Antisocial Behavior

One outcome of "proneness to problem behavior" . A larger syndrome of deviance in which a wide range of "problem behavior" .School Factors

A range of school problems . Poor performance, truancy, placement in a special class, early dropping out. A lack of commitment to education . Social factors which lead to poor school performance may be linked to drug involvement.Peer Factors

Association with drug-using peers is the most strongly supported predictor of adolescent substance use. Modeling drug use, providing substances, and encouraging use. The influence of parents and peers is varied and situational.

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Personality Traits

Substance use include attenuated attachment to parents. Lack of commitment to education . Low religiosity . Alienation from dominant societal norms and values.Substance Use as a Response to Stress

Substance abuse in adolescents as a response to a perceived loss of control, a sense of meaninglessness, and a lack of direction in life . Temporarily alleviating discomfort connected to life events . Perceive as being out of their control . Can be seen as contributing significantly to an understanding of the higher incidence of drug use among low SES teenagers and those from disrupted families .2.2 Mind map

3 THE EFFECTS OF DRUG ADDICTION 3.1 Short-notes

The Effects of Drug Abuse Some people have the ability to use prescription and recreational drugs with little to no hazardous effects while others can become addicted to a particular drug after using it one time.

Drug abuse and addiction can change a person's entire life within a very short time period.

As a person begins to form a physical and emotional dependency on a particular drug, he or she feels a powerful urge to consume the drug regularly.

The extent of an individual's vulnerability to his or her drug addiction depends on a wide variety of factors, including the person's genes, mental health, physical health, and environment.

How Drugs Affect the Body and Brain

All drugs chemically alter the brain.

All of an individual's perceptions are controlled by the brain; therefore, the brain dictates the effects of drug abuse in individuals.

Chemicals can cause individuals to see, think, and act very differently than they normally would, which is why drug abuse affects individuals and the world around them.

Short- and Long-Term Effects of Alcohol

Alcohol is a drug, and when a person consumes alcohol, it has an effect on many body systems. The effects begin to occur as soon as the alcohol enters the blood stream. Once alcohol enters the bloodstream, the breathing and heart rate of the individual consuming it immediately slows down.

As the alcohol begins to wear off, the person may feel shaky, irritable, and nauseous.

Has physical, emotional, and psychological effects.

Generally have difficulties sustaining relationships or keeping a job.

Short- and Long-Term Effects of Hallucinogens

LSD, PCP, andEcstasyare examples of hallucinogens, and these drugs have the ability to affect a person's perceptions dramatically. Interfere with the function of neurotransmitters, which interferes with the speed at which messages travel. Also alter the function of the nerve cells in the brain by destroying the brain's nerve fibers. Controls a person's mood and sleep patterns and also controls the heartbeat Notice sudden mood changes, changes in his or her sleeping behavior, and inconsistencies in his or her heart rhythm. The effects of drug abuse for those consuming hallucinogens are irreversible. Become extremely aggressive, making it difficult for them to sustain relationships. Short- and Long-Term Effects of Opiates

Dramatically affect the function of the brain and body. Extremely addictive, particularly because of their ability to provide pain relief and their ability to cause the individual consuming the drug to experience intense feelings of happiness and euphoria. Affect the nerve cells that operate the spinal cord, limbic system and brain stem. Cause permanent changes and a permanent dependency. Short- and Long-Term Effects of Barbiturates

Prolonged use of barbiturates can cause sleeping disorders, respiratory problems, menstrual irregularities, and a lack of sex drive.

The ability to cause irreversible damage to the brain. The effects of taking barbiturates can last for many hours. It is not uncommon for an individual to experience the drug's effects for 10 hours or longer.

While high on the drug, the user generally exercises poor judgment, cannot think clearly, and experiences respiratory depression. Users develop a strong psychological need for barbiturates as well, which is why many individuals who use this drug require extensive psychological counseling. Short- and Long-Term Effects of Inhalants

Can cause a host of breathing and respiratory problems. Affect the nerve cells in a person's brain and spinal cord.

Can cause arrhythmia, which is a serious heart condition.

Become both physically and psychologically dependent on them.

Social Effects of Drug Abuse

Isolate themselves, which can lead to depression.

Negatively affect the relationships

Skip important events, miss work, and slack off pretty regularly.

Become aggressive .

Lack of motivation and drive

Feelings of anger and resentment toward others

Drastic changes in eating and sleeping habits

Unwillingness to deal with personal problems, causing them to become worse

Emotional instability

Desire to experiment with various drugs .Mind map

4 DRUG ABUSE RECOVERY PROGRAMS 4.1 Short-notes

a) Freedom Program for Boomers Holistic residential treatment program for boomers.

For individuals 46 to 64 years of old averages 60 to 90 days, and includes a longer detoxification period if patients are addicted to multiple drugs. Patients participate in the development of their individualized plan of care that sets realistic and achievable goals. Encourage patients to participate in off-site sober meetings. Includes a two-day on-site family programb) Independence Program for Older Adults

Hanley Center launched the Independence Program for Older Adults, designed for those 65 and over.

Additional issues addressed by the program include:

extended detoxification

medical stabilization process

slower transitions between levels of care

complications due to cognitive function level

speech or hearing impairment

longer rest or relaxation periods

other issues specific to older adults.

Therapeutic relationships and specialized treatment enable older adults struggling with addiction to gain back their independence.

c) Milestone Program for Women

Hanley Center designed the Milestone Program for Women, targeting those between the ages of 18 and 45. Fosters renewal of relationships with oneself and others through a combination of individual and group therapy sessions. Include wellness activities, guided spiritual growth and a structured continuing care plan with the support of comprehensive outpatient services.d) Benchmark Program for Men

Hanley Center designed the Benchmark Program for Men for those between 18 and 45 years old. The all-male staff creates a confidential environment in which men can communicate with one another. Learn to explore emotions and issues

address their anger

reframe fear-based outlooks and responses

build relationship skills.e) Restoration Program for Families

To help individuals better understand chemical dependency, treatment and family recovery. It includes lectures, video presentations and group discussions on addiction, recovery, relapse, family dynamics, and the effects of addiction on children. Lets participants create a safe environment.

Free to express their experiences, frustrations, hopes and concerns while learning to break the cycle of silence and shame.f) Adolescent Outpatient Program

Treat adolescents and their families with dignity and respect in tiered outpatient programs. Adolescents who misuse substances receive skill-building education. Therapeutic care is necessary in emerging patterns of alcohol and other chemical abuse, and continuing care is often indicated in chemical dependency.g) Intensive Outpatient Program

Professional staff oversees individual and group therapy sessions, and an integrated family program component. Recovery support incorporates the 12-step principles and offers new life skills and a continuing pathway to recovery. Offers a no-cost initial assessment.4.2 Mind map

5 SUMMARYDrug is the most worst enemy for everyone.The drug problem wide spreadly in many countries.This problem cannot be eradicated even lot of actions taken.There are several causes of drug addiction.One of the cause is family instituation factor.The parent who involved in drug,influence the teenagers to follow this addiction.Beside that,the conflict between parents also become the cause of drug addiction.Other than,the friends influence is the most strongly affect the teenagers to involve in drug addiction.friends who be drug addict encourage the teenagers to try the drugs.On the other hands,lacking of religious eduction and discipline among teenagers cause of drug addiction. Drug addiction can change a person's entire life . Long-term drug abuse will affect the individual's physical, emotional and psychological. Furthermore , the drug addicts often lacks confidence and difficult to get a objective . They generally have difficult to maintain their relationships or keeping a job. Beside that ,they always emotional unsteadily and unwillingness to solve their personal problems , causing them to become worse . They are also isolate themselves, which can lead to depression.However, Hanley Center help to overcome this problem by organising Drug Abuse Recovery Programs. This programs specifically focus to help drug addicts. Hanley Center have provide individual and group therapy sessions. Besides that, this program offers information to help them understand chemical dependency, treatment and family recovery. This program also create some activities for teenagers to receive skill-building education.In conclusion,drugs will destroy our lives.Therefore,we should take care of our health and always concerned our family.Please keep away from drugs.6 REFLECTION

NAME:MARYMAGLINE D/O ARGARSAMY

IC NO: 871211-10-5384

In this semester I conducted a English Language Proficiency course work in short-term.I learned a lot of things from this assignment.

Through the project, I can done short notes and mind map according to the news that i picked from a local newspaper.I also feel responsible and diligent surfing the internet, the references in the library to complete the project.When I started gather information, I am not sure that collection I gather was suitable with the topic.In these circumstances, I reach out to help of lecturer and my group members.They were help me to overcome this problems .I also would like to thank all who are help me to finished up this project especially for my group members.

Overall, the task of English Language Profiency course work provided lot of benefits to me.Thank you.7 REFLECTION

Name : Phang Shi Yee IC No. : 891114-08-6554 I would like to thank my English studies lecturer , Madam Parameswary S. Ganapathi , as she has given me the opportunity to gain more knowledge.

In this assignment , I have learn about how to do the short note and write a summary . At the beginning ,I could not find the information . So , I find some reference book and online searching. Luckly , I found a article about my title . After that, I also find the lecturers to review the article .

During the course of work , my group members have given much help to me , I feel grateful of their helping .

Finally, I hope that the knowledge obtained in this assignment can take advantage of the time.

8 REFLECTION

Name : Tan Hui Yin

No. IC : 881205-08-5988

At the time I do this assignment,I faced some problems such as I am weak by using grammar in writing and the vocabulary that I know also less.

Although faced the problems, I try to do my best to overcome my weakness. In the process of doing this assignment, I go to library to find the books as my reference. Besides that, I search for internet and asking for my friend when I was not understand about the contents.

As a conclusion, I learn a lot of things by doing this assignment and I would like to thanks my lecturer, Madam Parameswary S. Ganapathi and all my friends for their comments for my assignment.

9 REFERENCE1. Teenage Pregnancy and Drug Abuse: Sources of Problem Behaviors. ERIC/CUE Digest No. 58 . 1989 . http://www.ericdigests.org/pre-9214/drug.htm2. The Effects of Drug Abuse . http://www.projectknow.com/research/effects-of-drug-abuse/3. Drug Abuse Recovery Programs : 1 APRIL 2011 . http://www.causesofdrugabuse.com/10 APPENDIX1