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IANEGNEM NEMUSNOK ISPESREP HURAGNEP SATILAUKKUDORP AGRAH NAD KUDORP TANIM PADAHRET ILEB

GNALU NEMUSNOK ADAP POHS ENILNO

moc.suksak adap susak idutS

ispirkS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnU nakujaiD imonokE anajraS raleG helorepmeM

nemejanaM idutS margorP

: helO

anitsugA amreD P rB

: MIN 321 4122 80

NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

IMONOKE SATLUKAF NEMEJANAM NASURUJ AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY 02 21

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

IANEGNEM NEMUSNOK ISPESREP HURAGNEP SATILAUKKUDORP AGRAH NAD KUDORP TANIM PADAHRET ILEB

GNALU NEMUSNOK ADAP POHS ENILNO


ispirkS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnU nakujaiD imonokE anajraS raleG helorepmeM

nemejanaM idutS margorP

: helO

anitsugA amreD P rB

: MIN 321 4122 80

NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

IMONOKE SATLUKAF NEMEJANAM NASURUJ AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY 02 21


ii


iii


vi

OTTOM

eh halnagnaJ apa gnatnet ritauk umak aynkadn nup

umnanigniek lah alages malad halnakatayn ipatet ,aguj

adapek hallA nagned nanohomrep nad aod malad

.rukuys napacu

)6 : 4 ipiliF(

ulales tazijuM atad naklaggninem atik taas adap gn

nanikayek hara ek nalajreb nad natukatek

:kutnU nakhabmesrepuK

sutsirK suseY nahuT

ukamaM nad naubiragnaP naolosaH ukapaP

katnujnamiS rB ahtynE

nad naubiragnaP naiflA ykciV gnayasret ukgnabA

naubiragnaP odnairpA nilyorP

naubiragnaP oicongA artiV atnicret ukkedA


v

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

IMONOKE SATLUKAF ISNATNUKA NASURUJ – ISNATNUKA IDUTS MARGORP

ISPIRKS SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

ayaS ispirkS awhab nakataynem ini nagned ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnay:luduj nagned

NAD KUDORP SATILAUK GNATNET NEMUSNOK ISPESREP HURAGNEP ILEB TANIM PADAHRET KUDORP AGRAH GNALU NEMUSNOK ADAP

POHS ENILNO moc.suksaK susaK idutS

kutnu nakujaid naD ap ijuid 2102 sutsugA 82 ,laggnat ad .ayas ayrak lisah halada

aguj ayaS uata nahurulesek tapadret kadit ini ispirks malad awhab nakataynem

urinem uata ,nilaynem arac nagned libma ayas gnay nial gnaro nasikut naigabes uata nasagag nakkujnunem gnay lobmis uata tamilak naiakgnar kutneb malad

l silunep irad narkimep uata tapadnep haloes iuka ayas gnay nia - halo iagabes gnay nasilut nahurulesek uata naigab tapadret kadit uata nad ,iridnes ayas nasilut nakirebmem apnat nial gnaro nasilut irad libma ayas uata ,urit ayas ,nilas ayas

naukagnep sa silunep adap )isnerefer malad naktubesid( .aynil

sret nakadnit nakukalem ataynret ayas awhab itkubret irah naidumekid aliB ,tube raleg nad nakrugugid ini ispirks utiay ,isknas amirenem aidesreb ayas akam naruta nagned iauses sesorpid atres naklatabid )E.S( helorep ayas gnay kimedaka

gnadnurep - agnadnu 2 nuhaT 02 oN UU( ukalreb gnay n lasap nad 52 lasap ,300 .)07

atrakaygoY ugA , 2102 suts naataynrep taubmem gnaY

P rB anitsugA amreD 321412280 :MIN

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v

















iv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU

: amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN : P rB anitsugA amreD

awsisahaM romoN 321 4122 80 :

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD : ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak ,amrahD atanaS satisrevinU HURAGNEP

KUDORP SATILAUK IANEGNEM NEMUSNOK ISPESREP NAD TANIM PADAHRET KUDORP AGRAH ILEB GNALU NEMUSNOK

ADAP moc.suksak adap susak idutS .POHS ENILNO . nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD .)ada alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep atreseB ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapek

nakhilagnem nalakgnap kutneb malad aynhalognem ,nial aidem kutneb malad uata tenretni id aynnakisakilbupmem nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad ayas irad niji atnimem ulrep apnat simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem

males ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem nupuam ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet a .silunep iagabes

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas gnay ini naataynrep naikimeD

atrakaygoY id taubiD

: laggnat adaP 2102 rebmetpeS 6

,nakataynem gnaY

P rB anitsugA amreD


iiv

RATNAGNEP ATAK

gnaY nahuT adapek nakhabmesrep silunep rukuys nad ijup ,tamroh alageS

guna atres hisak ,takreb alages sata asE ahaM e har - silunep asaitnanes gnay ayN

ludujreb gnay ispirks nasilunep rihka iapmas lawa irad nakasar “ HURAGNEP

SATILAUK IANEGNEM NEMUSNOK ISPESREP NAD KUDORP

ILEB TANIM PADAHRET KUDORP AGRAH GNALU NEMUSNOK

ADAP POHS ENILNO ”. moc.suksak adap susak idutS . taubid ini ispirkS

anajraS raleg helorepmem kutnu tarays utas halas ihunemem akgnar malad

nU ,imonokE satlukaF ,nemejanaM idutS margorP adap imonokE atanaS satisrevi

.atrakaygoY amrahD

t awhab iradaynem siluneP nagnibmib ,isavitom aynada apna nautnab nad

babes helO .aynutkaw adap tapet iaseles naka kadit ini ispirks ,kahip iagabreb irad

gnem nigni silunep itah nahadnerek nagned ini natapmesek malad ,uti nakpacu

rasebes gnay hisak amiret - : adapek aynraseb

.1 onoyriW .P .rI .rD ,atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU rotkeR omoR

.J.S ,amatmatoyirP

.2 paB a k iS .M ,ojdiraM yrreH.rD satisrevinU ,imonokE satlukaF nakeD ukales

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS

.3 kapaB iS .M ,.E.S ,otowruP rakuL rD . ,nemejanaM idutS margorP auteK ukales

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ,imonokE satlukaF

.4 kapaB .V A.B.M ,.E.S ,onomdaydiW idraM . I gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales ,

ad naras nad ,iskerok ,nagnibmib nakirebmem kaynab halet gnay mal

.ini ispirks nasilunep


iiiv

.5 kapaB .M.M ,.E.S katnujdnamiS oilihP nhoJ , ep ukales halet gnay II gnibmibm

ep nakharucnem nanekreb narikip ,aganet ,utkaw ,naitahr adapek tagnames nad

.iaseles aggnih lawa irad ini ispirks nusuynem kutnu silunep

.6 ,imonokE satlukaF ,nemejanaM idutS margorP nesoD ubI nad kapaB panegeS

ahD atanaS satisrevinU umli lakeb nakirebmem halet gnay atrakaygoY amr

.nahailukrep sesorp amales silunep igab anugreb tagnas gnay

.7 deK ukaut gnaro au rB ahtynE ukamaM ,naubiragnaP naolosaH ukapaP

odnairpA nilyorP ,naubiragnaP naiflA ykciV gnaysret ukgnaba ,katnujnamiS

biragnaP ulales gnay naubiragnaP oicongA artiV atnicret ukkida nad nau

liretam nupuam lirom kiab nautnab nakirebmem atres isavitomem ,nakodnem

.iaseles iapmas ini ispirks nanusuynep amales

.8 nanusuynep malad tagnameS nakirebmem ulales gnay laiseps gnay gnaroeseS

sibuL ilmoR tohiraM loneR iaseles iapmas ini ispirks

.9 tabahaS - ,ailieM anaH uktabahas ,aratsuG diruJ sunavetS ,iraS anailuY adniR

.odnewsrA suitnecniV nad ,adnilraM ynoV ,uhgaM aniluaP

.01 nameT - ,horinuM ,araiT ,atigirB ,enitnelaV murA( 4 omorB uksok namet

naiaseleynep malad tagnames nakirebmem ulales gnay )ayajiW siL ,atkO

.ini ispirks

.11 nameT - namet 002 natakgna DSU nemejanaM uk 8 , ,namalagnep irebmem halet

ini amales aod atres ,nagnukud .

.21 t ,utasrep utas naktubes silunep tapad kadit gnay kahip aumes naD hisak amire

aod ,nagnukud taub .ini amales aynamasajrek nad


xi

nad iatreynem ulales nahuT naharumek nad hisak awhab ayacrep siluneP

kirebmem atres utnabmem halet gnay kahip aumes itakrebmem aynnagnukud na

uti kutnu ,anrupmes irad huaj ini ispirks iradaynem siluneP .ini ispirks malad

gnanes nagned amiret silunep naka nugnabmem ayntafis gnay kitirk nad naras

gnaro paites igab taafnem nakirebmem tapad ini ispirks parahreb siluneP .itah

bmem gnay .aynaca

,atrakaygoY 2102 sutsugA

siluneP

anitsugA amreD P rB

321412280


x

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ................. i

GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ................................ ....... ii

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ... iii

NAMALAH NAHABMESREP ................................ ................................ iv

NAMALAH AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP SILUT .................. v

RATNAGNEP ATAK NAMALAH ................................ ......................... vi

ISI RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ....... xi

NAMALAH RATFAD LEBAT ................................ ............................... iix

NAMALAH RATFAD RABMAG ................................ .......................... x vi

NAGAB RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ .............................. xv

NARIPMAL NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ........ x iv

KARTSBA NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ......... x iv i

NAULUHADNEP I BAB ................................ ................................ ........ 1

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL ................................ ......................... 1

.B halasaM nasumuR ................................ ................................ .. 5

.C halasaM nasataB ................................ ................................ ..... 5

.D naitileneP naujuT ................................ ................................ .... 6

.E naitileneP taafnaM ................................ ................................ .. 7

.F nasiluneP akitametsiS ................................ ............................. 8


ix

II BAB IROET NASADNAL ................................ ................................ ... 9

.A narasameP ................................ ................................ .............. 9

.B nemusnoK ukalireP ................................ ............................... 21

.C nemusnoK ispesreP ................................ ............................... 31

.D satilauK ................................ ................................ ................ 15

.E agraH ................................ ................................ .................... 18

.F nailebmeP nasutupeK sesorP ................................ ................ 12

.G ileB taniM gnalU ................................ ................................ .. 22

.H uluhadreT naitileneP ................................ ............................. 62

.I lautpesnoK akgnareK ................................ ............................ 82

DOTEM III BAB IGOLO NAITILENEP ................................ ................ 92

.A naitileneP sineJ ................................ ................................ ...... 92

.B naitileneP kejbO nad kejbuS ................................ ................. 92

.C isakoL nad utkaW naitileneP ................................ ................ 92

.D naitileneP lebairaV ................................ ............................... 03

.E nakhutubiD gnay ataD ................................ .......................... 23

.F kinkeT ataD narukugneP ................................ ........................ 23

.G ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT ................................ ..................... 43

.H lanoisarepO isinefeD ................................ ............................ 53

.I lepmaS nad isalupoP ................................ ............................. 63

.J lepmaS nalibmagneP kinkeT ................................ ................. 73

.K nemurtsnI naijugneP edoteM ................................ ................ 83

.L ataD sisilanA kinkeT ................................ ............................ 14


iix

VI BAB MUMU NARABMAG ................................ ................................ 05

.A suksaK harajeS ................................ ................................ ...... 05

.B moc.suksaK rutiF ................................ ................................ ... 45

V BAB NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA ................................ . 65

.A nemurtsnI naijugneP ................................ .............................. 65

.B kitsiretkaraK nednopseR ................................ ........................ 95

.C D naitileneP lebairaV ispirkse ................................ ................. 46

.D isilanA s ataD ................................ ................................ ......... 07

.E kisalK ismusA naijugneP ................................ ....................... 37

.F adnagreB raeniL isergeR sisilanA lisaH ................................ . 77

.G nasahabmeP ................................ ................................ ........... 38

IV BAB NARAS ,NALUPMISEK , NASATABRETEK NAD

NAITILENEP ................................ ................................ ........................... 58

.A nalupmiseK ................................ ................................ ............ 58

.B naraS ................................ ................................ ...................... 68

.C naitileneP nasatabreteK ................................ ........................... 78

AKATSUP RATFAD

NARIPMAL


iiix

LEBAT RATFAD

lebaT V.1 ijU lisaH V naitileneP nemurtsnI satidila ................................ . 85

lebaT V. 2 ijU lisaH ileR naitileneP nemurtsnI satiliba .............................. 95

lebaT V.3 nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK .............. 06

lebaT V.4 aisU nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK ............................. 61

lebaT V.5 nalisahgneP nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

nednopseR nalubreP ................................ ............................... 26

lebaT V.6 iskasnarT nakukaleM pohS enilnO ................................ ........ 36

lebaT V.7 kudorP satilauK rokS isubirtsiD naiuseseK nakarasadreB ...... 46

lebaT V.8 kudorP satilauK rokS isubirtsiD nanahateK nakarasadreB ..... 56

lebaT V.9 kudorP satilauK rokS isubirtsiD nakiratreteK nakarasadreB .... 66

lebaT V. 01 kudorP satilauK rokS isubirtsiD ispesreP nakarasadreB

aynmulebeS ................................ ................................ ........... 76

lebaT V. 11 kudorP agraH rokS isubirtsiD ................................ ................ 86

lebaT V. 21 ileB taniM rokS isubirtsiD ................................ ..................... 96

lebaT V. 31 nemusnoK ispesreP isubirtsiD kudorP satilauK padahreT

pohS enilnO noihsaF ................................ .............................. 17

lebaT V. 41 nemusnoK ispesreP isubirtsiD kudorP agraH padahreT

pohS enilnO noihsaF ................................ .............................. 37

lebaT V. 51 satireinilokitluM kisalK ismusA ijU lisaH .............................. 47

lebaT V. 61 stneiciffeoC a ................................ ................................ .......... 77

lebaT V.17 stneiciffeoC a ................................ ................................ .......... 87


vix

lebaT V. 81 F ijU lisaH AVONA b ................................ ............................. 18

lebaT V.19 yrammuS ledoM ................................ ................................ ..... 28


vx

RATFAD RABMAG

rabmaG V 1. tolprettacS ................................ ................................ .............. 57

V rabmaG 2. margotsiH ................................ ................................ ............... 67


ivx

RATFAD NAGAB

nagaB II 1. lautpesnoK akgnareK ................................ ............................. 72


iivx

RATFAD NARIPMAL

naripmaL I renoiseuK ................................ ................................ ................. 98

ataD isalubaT II naripmaL ................................ ................................ .......... 79

satilibaileR nad satidilaV ijU III naripmaL ................................ ................. 301

nednopseR kitsiretkaraK VI naripmaL ................................ ....................... 701

adnagreB isergeR nad kisalK ismusA VI naripmaL ................................ .... 901


iiivx

KARTSBA IANEGNEM NEMUSNOK ISPESREP HURAGNEP SATILAUK

KUDORP AGRAH NAD KUDORP ILEB TANIM PADAHRET ADAP NEMUSNOK GNALU POHS ENILNO


P rB anitsugA amreD imonokE satlukaF

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU atrakaygoY

2102

kutnu naujutreb ini naitileneP ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep iuhategnem adap kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilauk pohs enilno huragnep , nemusnok ispesrep

adap kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem pohs enilno adap leb tanim i gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno . lenep sineJ ini naitihalada susak iduts 002 naktabilem gnay .nednopser gnaro

neP itile : utiay atad nalupmugnep malad kinket aparebeb nakanuggnemaracnawaw akatsup iduts/isatnemukod , .renoiseuk nad , nalibmagnep kinkeT

ini naitilenep malad lepmas halada gnilpmaS evisopruP . atad sisilana kinkeT gnayid nakanug halada p sisilana kinket re satnes e sisilanagnem kutnu naujutreb gnay

nemusnok kitsiretkarak adnagreB reiniL isergeR nad iuhategnem kutnu huragneprp agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep adap kudo pohs enilno

adap iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok ileb tanim pohs enilno . H lisa nakkujnunem naitilenep awhab p satilauk padahret nemusnok ispesre kudorp pohs enilno noihsaf kiab halada ( %3,34 ) P . padahret nemusnok ispesre

kudorp agrah o noihsaf pohs eniln fitaler gnades ( %35 .) atad sisilana lisaH isergeRadnagreB reiniL awhab nakkujnunem p satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesre

adap kudorp pohs enilno ileb tanim padahret nakifingis huragnepreb gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno p nakgnades , nemusnok ispesre

adap kudorp agrah ianegnem pohs enilno kadit nakifingis huragnepreb padahret ileb tanim gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno . ispesreP

adap kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok pohs enilno araces amasreb - amas nakifingis huragnepreb ileb tanim padahret gnalu kutnu nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem pohs enilno .

: icnuk ataK ,gnalu ileb tanim ,kudorp agrah ,kudorp satilauk ,nemusnok ispesrepilno pohs en


xix

TCARTSBA ’REMUSNOC FO ECNEULFNI EHT NOITPECREP S

TCUDORP FO ECIRP EHT DNA YTILAUQ EHT NO OT NOITNETNI S’REMUSNOC EHT SDRAWOT

POHS ENILNO NO ESAHCRUPER no ydutS esaC moc.suksak

P rB anitsugA amreD ymonocE fo ytlucaF

ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS atrakaygoY

2102

ytilauq eht no noitpecrep s’remusnoc eht ytitnedi ot smia hcraeser sihT eht no noitpecrep s’remusnoc eht rehtehw ,pohs enilno na tcudorp fo ecirp eht dna tseretni esahcruper s’remusnoc eht ecneulfni pohs enilno na ecirp eht dna ytilauq

ihT .pohs enilno no .stnednopser 002 fo elpmas htiw yduts esac a si hcraeser s :yleman ,atad eht gnirehtag ni seuqinhcet emos desu rehcraeser ehT

T .renoitseuq dna ,yduts erutaretil /noitatnemucod ,weivretni lpmas eh gni .euqinhcet evisoprup saw desu euqinhcet

ehT seilppa rehcraeser sisylana egatnecrep s’remusnoc eht ezylana ot fo ecneulfni ot noissergeR reiniL elpitluM fo sisylana atad dna ,scitsiretcarahc pohs enilno na tcudorp eht fo ecirp eht dna ytilauq eht no noitpecrep s’remusnoc

esahcruper s’remusnoc eht no pohs enilno no tseretni s’remusnoc eht taht dezingocer si ti ,sisylana egatnecrep eht no desaB ehT .)%3.34( doog si pohs enilno noihsaf fo ytilauq tcudorp eht no noitpecrep riaf si pohs enilno noihsaf no tcudorp fo ecirp eht no noitpecrep s’remusnoc

%35( eht taht swohs noissergeR reiniL elpitluM fo tluser sisylana ehT .) yltnacifingis pohs enilno na tcudorp fo ytilauq eht no noitpecrep s’remusnoc

ecneulfni pohs enilno na noitnetni esahcruper s’remusnoc eht s , elihw eht o ecirp eht no noitpecrep s’remusnoc ton seod pohs enilno na tcudorp f

ecneulfni yltnacifingis pohs enilno na noitnetni esahcruper s’remusnoc eht . ehT pohs enilno na tcudorp fo ecirp eht dna ytilauq eht no sremusnoc fo noitpecrep

ecneulfni yltnacifingis ylsuoenatlumis eht sahcruper s’remusnoc na noitnetni epohs enilno .

sdrow yeK : ,ecirp ,ytilauq ,noitpecrep s’remusnoc esahcruper s’remusnoc

.noitnetni


1

BAB I

NAULUHADNEP

.A eB rataL l gnaka halasaM

irad ialum ,tapec nagned habureb utauses alages ini namaz iD

aynrasad adaP .gnaroeses pudih ayag iapmas ispodaid gnay igolonket

utnabmem nupuam hadumrepmem kutnu nakukalid igolonket naispodagnep

sarid hadus ini igolonket nagnabmekreP .naajrekep naknagnirem id naka

gnay uata lebakrin igolonket aynsusuhk ,ulal nuhat aparebeb kajes aisenodnI

,ajas apais helo hadum nagned seskaid tapad tenretnI .tenretni tubesid gnires

nahadumeK .maggneg nopelet nupuam ,retupmok nakanuggnem nagned kiab

d tenretni seskagnem malad malad sinsib isitkarp helo naktaafnami

.narasamep sesorp tapecrepmem

lauj iskasnart tenretni ada mulebes uluhaD - araces nakukalid ileb

laujnep nagned umetreb kutnu okot ek gnusgnal gnatad ilebmep ,gnusgnal

es kudorp gnusgnal tahilem tapad atr - irad ialum ,ilebid nigni gnay kudorp

tubesret laH .kudorp satilauk nad ,kudorp padahret nakococek ,naruku ,edom

narasamep iroet tubesid gnires smaerd fo dleif nugnabmem aynitra gnay

ad kudorp nakaideynem ,isubirtsid metsis kutnu gnatad naka nemusnok n

Z oigreS( aynilebmem :4002 ,namy uti aumes tenretni aynada haleteS .)551

araces nakukalid tapad nagnagadrep ,habureb .enilno araces nagnagadreP

enilno naknikgnumem iskasnart lauj - nakukalid ileb akum patat aynada apnat

jnep aratna kudorp gnusgnal araces tahilem kadit ilebmeP .ilebmep nad lau -


2

nad ,ilebmem mulebes kudorp abocnem tapad kadit ,nakrawatid gnay kudorp

iskasnart sesorP .kudorp satilauk gnusgnal tahilem asib kadit ini nakrasadid

ayacrep gnilas asar adap p nad laujnep aratna ilebme .

naahasurep igab natapmesek nakirebmem ini igolonket nagnabmekreP

aynah aynulud gnay iraD .saul hibel gnay rasap ek isnapske nakukalem kutnu

lauj iskasnart nakukalem - ratna idajnem gnabmekreb inik atok utas malad ileb

ilebmeP .ualup ratna nakhab atok nagned aynah ,okot ek gnatad surah kadit

araces kudorp tahilem ,enilno itukignem aynah ilebmem nigni nemusnok akij

p naidumek narayabmep nakukalem ,nailebmep rudesorp laujnep kahi

aggnih kudorp mirignem .nemusnok nagnat ek iapmas ilebid gnay kudorp

edoteM sesorp hadumrepmem naka aynrihka adap ini itrepes nalaujnep

narasamep nagnarorep sinsib uata naahasurep utaus helo nakukalid gnay

malad nalaujnep naktakgninem gnukudnem kutnU . pohs enilno nakhutubid ini

iskasnart naknikgnumem gnay anarasarp nad anaras aguj enilno nalajreb tapad

.kiab nagned ,retupmok takgnarep halada tubesret anarasarp nad anaraS

,tenretni nagniraj tnuocca nad narayabmep etisbew .

aynlawa adaP pohs enilno lo nakanugid aynah naahasurep he -

rihka ipatet naka ,ajas raseb alaksreb naahasurep - helo kirilid aguj ini rihka

naahasurep - gnay liater naahasureP .licek alaks nagned liater naahasurep

laujrepmem gnay licek ahasu halada inisid duskamid - gnarab nakileb - gnarab

alad gnologret gnay irogatak m ,sdoog gnippohs c tala aynhotno - hamur tala

,naiakap ,aggnat erutinruf .aynnial nad sakeb libom , sinsib nagnabmekreP

ahasugneP isaisosA atoggna halmuj natakgninep irad tahilid tapad ini liater


3

irad habmatreb nikames gnay )odnirpA( aisenodnI liateR nuhat atoggna 043

iluJ 51 sapmoK ,atrakaJ :rebmuS( 0102 adap atoggna 015 idajnem 8002

atoggna iagabes ratfadret hadus gnay liater sinsib kutnu nakgnadeS .)1102

gnagadep isaisosa enilno :rebmuS( naahasurep 67 halmujes halada murof -

isaisosa - okot - enilno pktp. .)ten.t

gnadib id karegreb gnay ahasu kaynab ini gnarakeS noihsaf itrepes

sat nad ,utapes ,naiakap nagned udapid pohs enilno . ini itrepes ahasU

kutnu hilimem gnay kaynab nemusnok anamid tasep tagnas gnabmekreb

araces ajnalebreb .enilno aynadA pohs enilno nagnutnuek nakirebmem ini

naknigni akerem gnay kudorp tapadnem nemusnoK .kahip haleb audek igab

nalaujnep naktakgninem sinsibep igab nad ,okot ek gnujnukreb surah apnat

nawayrak kutnu ayaib rayabmem surah apnat ayaib nad ,tapmet , - ayaib

.aynnial

agniasreP aratna n pohs enilno naka kudorp nakrawanem malad

rasap ,nemusnok igaB .nemusnok naktapadnem kutnu majat nikames

nemusnoK .kaynab gnay kerem nad kudorp nahilip iagabreb nakaideynem

malad ada nailebmep nasutupeK .aynilebid naka gnay kudorp hilimem sabeb

rid kudorp ilebmem malad airetirk nakanuggnem naka nemusnoK .nemusnok i

iauses gnay kudorp ilebmem naka nemusnok halada aynaratnaiD .tubesret

ilak gnires aguj nemusnoK .aynileb ayad nad ,aynareles ,aynnahutubek nagned

rasadreb kudorp utaus nailebmep naksutumem padahret aynispesrep nak

nad rasamep igab gnitnep nemusnok ispesrep imahameM .tubesret kudorp


4

kiab hibel utumreb gnay kudorp hilimem naka utnet nemusnoK .nesudorp

.harum hibel gnay agrah nagned

tnep gnay narasamep tala utas halas nakapurem kudorp satilauK gni

natakgnit hilimem surah uluhad hibel rasamep ,kudorp nagnabmegnep malad

malaD .aynnarasas rasap id kudorp isisop gnukudnem tapad gnay satilauk

utiay ajrenik satilauk itrareb tubesret kudorp satilauk tubesret isnemid

nuf nakukalem kutnu kudorp naupmamek isg - uti naupmameK .aynisgnuf

nahadumek ,naklisahid gnay naitiletek ,naladnahek ,nahat ayad idajnem

kudorp adap agrahreb gnay nial tubirta nad ,ikiabrepid uata nakisarepoid

naka iggnit gnay isnetsisnok tapadret satilauk malaD .nahurulesek araces

rp satilauk nad natacacek irad sabeb ,naiausesek satilauk ,utiay kudo

.nakijnajid gnay satilauk nakirebmem malad nanetsisnok

halasam iagabes ialinid halet agrah nagniasrep nad agrah napateneP

imahapid surah ,agrah nakpatenem mulebeS .naahasurep ipadahid gnay amatu

lud asaj uata kudorp padahret naatnimrep nad agrah aratna nagnubuh u

,aynnemusnok ispesrep nupuam adebreb gnay rasap sinej kutnu kiab ,tubesret

edotem nagned sisilanaid ulal - gniasep narawat nad agraH .iauses gnay edotem

s agrah nakutnenem kutnu iuhatekid ulrep nasutupek haletes akerem iskaer atre

.nakukalrebid agrah

halada silunep helo itiletid nigni gnay kudorp nupadA noihsaf , itrepes

utapes ,naiakap , sat nad noihsaF . kaynab gnay kudorp utas halas nakapurem

itsap gnaro paites anerak urab sinsibep helo kirilid ,naiakap nakhutubmem

ihuragnepid aguj ini nahutubeK .remirp nahutubek iagabes sat nad ,utapes


5

kudorp ledom nahaburep helo - gnades gnay tubesret kudorp dnert .narasapid

hotnoc nupadA pohs enilno halada nemusnok arap ignujnukid kaynab gnay

a ,moc.nozam gabokot .suksak ,moc.su moc ,moc.gnamekcpj ,moc.akenihb , d na

nial - .nial

kutnu kiratret silunep ,sata id naksalejid gnay nahalasamrep iraD

luduj nagned naitilenep nakukalem URAGNEP“ H ISPESREP

OK N NEMUS IANEGNEM AGRAH NAD KUDORP SATILAUK

KUDORP ILEB TANIM PADAHRET GNALU NEMUSNOK ADAP

POHS ENILNO adap susaK idutS , pohs enilnO moc.suksak ”

.B R halasaM nasumu

.1 agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep hakanamiagaB

kudorp adap pohs enilno ?

.2 A dorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep hakap kudorp agrah nad ku

adap pohs enilno ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb gnalu kutnu nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem pohs enilno ?

.C B halasaM nasata

ulrep akam ,saul ulalret kadit nad salej itiletid gnay halasam ragA

:tukireb iagabes halasam nasatab nakirebmem kutnu

.1 nakukalem hanrep hadus gnay nemusnok halada itiletid gnay nemusnoK

iskasnart pohs enilno .)moc.suksak(

.2 halada itiletid gnay kudorP noihsaf p( )sat nad ,utapes ,naiaka .


6

.3 :halada ini naitilenep malad nednopser kitsiretkaraK

.a :nimalek sineJ

)1 ikaL - ikal

)2 naupmereP

.b :aisU

)1 nuhat 41 – nuhat 71




)5 nuhat 03 >

.c nalub rep ukas gnaU

)1 00,000.005 pR <

)2 00,000.005 pR – 00,000.999 pR

)3 00,000.000.1 pR – 00,000.994.1 pR

)4 00,000.005.1 pR – 00,000.000.2 pR

)5 000.000.2 pR > 00,

.D T naitileneP nauju

:halada ini naitilenep naujut nupadA

.1 hategnem kutnU satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep anamiagab iu

adap kudorp agrah nad kudorp pohs enilno .

.2 kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep hakapa iuhategnem kutnU

adap kudorp agrah nad pohs enilno ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb gnalu


7

akukalem kutnu nemusnok iskasnart n pohs enilno .

.E naitileneP taafnaM

kahip adapek nasalejnep halada naitilenep taafnaM - ajas anam kahip

b naitilenep/tesir lisah aynarik M .)871:5002 ,idrapuS( taafnamre irad taafna

:halada ini naitilenep

.1 naahasureP

adapek isamrofni nakirebmem nakparahid ini naitileneP

satilauk naktakgninem malad nagnabmitrep nahab iagabes naahasurep

kudorp agrah nakajibek ,kudorp pohs enilno naktakgninem tapad aggnihes ,

ileb tanim gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno .

.2 inU amrahD atanaS satisrev

umli nagnabmus idajnem tapad nakparahid ini naitileneP

gnadib malad ayntujnales itilenep kutnu isnerefer nahab nad nauhategnep

padahret kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilauk huragnep ianegnem narasamep

ileb tanim gnalu nu nemusnok adap iskasnart nakukalem kut pohs enilno .

.3 siluneP

kutnu anahaw utas halas idajnem tapad nakparahid ini naitileneP

malad silunep nauhategnep umli nakparenem nad maladrepmem umli

aynnial umli nad nemejanam kutnu nad ,ini amales helorepid halet

nalaosrep nakhacemem - .nagnapal id nalaosrep

.F nasiluneP akitametsiS


8

I BAB nauluhadneP

luhadnep bab adaP ua gnakaleb ratal ianegnem naksalejid naka n

,naitilenep taafnam ,naitilenep naujut ,halasam nasumur ,halasam

nad .nasilunep akitametsis

II BAB iroeT nasadnaL

iroet ianegnem naksalejid naka iroet nasadnal bab adaP - gnay iroet

.sisetopih nad ini naitilenep malad nahalasamrep nagned natiakreb

III BAB naitileneP edoteM

aksalejid naka ini naitilenep edotem bab adaP sinej ianegnem n

eybus ,naitilenep utkaw nad isakol ,naitilenep keybo nad k

lebairav ,naitilenep kinket ,nakhutubid gnay atad ,naitilenep

ad nalupmugnep ifed ,atad narukugnep kinket ,at ,lanoisarepo isin

edotem ,lepmas nalibmagnep kinket ,lepmas nad isalupop

.atad sisilana kinket nad ,nemurtsni naijugnep

VI BAB mumu narabmaG

mumu narabmag isireb ini baB pohs enilno moc.suksak( .)

V BAB nasahabmeP nad ataD sisilanA

nad atad sisilana ianegnem naksalejid naka atad sisilana baB

.aynnasalejnep

IV BAB nalupmiseK naraS nad

sisilana irad nalupmisek ianegnem nakiaruid naka ini bab adaP

.silunep helo nakirebid tapad gnay naras atres ada gnay atad


9

II BAB

IROET NASADNAL

.A narasameP

.1 narasameP nemejanaM naitregneP

naanaskalep nad naanacnerep sesorp halada narasamep nemejanaM

gnarab irad isubirtsid nad ,isomorp ,agrah nairebmep ,nadujuwrep irad -

kopmolek nagned narakutrep nakatpicnem kutnu nasagag nad asaj ,gnarab

,reltoK pilihP( naggnalep naujut ihunemem gnay narasas 5002 8: .)

.2 narasameP naitregneP

nakakumekid gnay narasamep isinefed aparebeb halada ini tukireB

:)01:3002( reltoK helo

“ udividni uti sesorp nagned gnay laisos sesorp halada narasameP

nad nakhutub akerem gnay apa naktapadnem kopmolek nad

sabeb araces nad ,nakrawanem ,nakatpicnem nagned naknigni

.nial kahip nagned ialinreb gnay asaj nad kudorp nakrakutrepmem

amep nagnabmegneP tapad kutnu hibel ini lah malad naras

,ilha aparebeb helO .nemusnok nanigniek nad nahutubek ihunemem

igab narasas rasap uata rasap tubesid naggnalep uata nemusnok

,naggnalep uata nemusnok halmuj naktakgninem kutnU .naahasurep

rp nakirebmem surah naahasurep gnay nanayalep uata asaj atres kudo

gnaro halada rasaP .naksaumem - kutnu nanigniek iaynupmem gnay gnaro


01

kutnu nanigniek iaynupmem nad ,ajnalebreb kutnu gnau iaynupmem ,saup

.aynnakajnalebmem

.3 narasameP nemejanaM pesnoK

reb ,saul tagnas narasamep nauakgnaJ surah nataigek pahat iagab

aggnihes ,nemusnok nagnatek iapmas mulebes asaj nad gnarab helo iulalid

nenopmok 4 idajnem nakanahredesid uti saul gnay nataigek pukgnil gnaur

kudorp :utiay )tcudorp( agrah , )ecirp( isubirtsid , )ecalp( isomorp nad ,

.)noitomorp( M gnisa - :tukireb iagabes halada aynnaitregnep gnisam

.a kudorp nakajibeK

kutnu rasap ek nakrawatid tapad gnay utaus halada kudorP

gnay ismusnokid uata nakanugid ,ilebid kutnu ,naitahrep naktapadnem

yal uata asaJ .nahutubek uata nanigniek utaus ihunemem tapad nana

nakisakifisalkid tapad kudorP .kudorp sinej maladek kusamret aguj

( nemusnok kudorp :utiay macam aparebeb idajnem )tcudorp remusnoc

irahes nahutubek kudorp irad iridret gnay - irah )tcudorp ecneinevnoc( ,

ajnaleb kudorp )stcudorp gnippohs( susuhk kudorp , ytlaiceps(

)tcudorp iracid kadit gnay kudorp , ,)tcudorp thguosnu( kudorp nad

.irtsudnI

.b agraH nakajibeK

nagned nemusnok nakrakutid gnay ialin halmujes halada agraH

gnay asaj uata kudorp nakanuggnem uata ikilimem irad taafnam

ep helo nakpatetid aynialin nagned amas gnay agrah utas kutnu laujn

nasutupeK .ilebmep aumes - ihuragnepid agrah ianegnem nasutupek


11

rotkaf nad naahasurep lanretni rotkaf utiay rotkaf aparbeb helo

agrah nasutupek lanretni rotkaf lah malaD .nagnukgnil lanretske

narasas nagned nakiausesid lasim ,narasamep kutnu aynnarasas ayn

rotkaf lah malaD .kednep akgnaj abal naklamiskamem ,pudih nahatreb

naatnimrep nad rasap :tukireb iagabes naksalejid tapad lanretske

naka nemusnoK .)iggnitret agrah( agrah nofalp nakapurem nemusnok

s agrah nakgnidnabmem gnay taafnam nagned asaj uata kudorp utau

rotkaF .naktapadid - imonoke isidnok utiay aynnial lanretske rotkaf

nasutupek nad ,iseser ,agnub ayaib ,isalfni itrepes - nasutupek

.agrah napatenep igetarts nafitkefeek ihuragnepmem tapad hatniremep

.c tsid nakajibeK isubir

narasamep aratnarep nakanuggnem nesudorp raseb naigabeS

nugnabmem arac nagned gnarab aynsusuhk kudorp nakrasamem kutnu

gnutnagret gnilas gnay isasinagro kopmolekes utiay isubirtsid narulas

aus naknikgnumem gnay sesorp adap akerem natabilretek malad ut

helo ismusnok uata naanuggnep igab aidesret asaj uata kudorp

kutnebmem isubirtsid narulaS .lairtsudni anuggnep uata nemusnok

.isubirtsid narulas ayngnajnap nakutnenem kutnu narulas natakgnit

.d isomorp nakajibeK

egnem nakaracibmem aynah kadit narasameP agrah ,kudorp ian

nakisakinumokgnem aguj ipatet ,kudorp nakisubirtsidnem nad kudorp

aynrihka nad lanekid uti kudorp raga takaraysam adapek ini kudorp

.ilebid


21

utaus nususid ulrep ini kudorp nakisakinumokgnem kutnU

getarts nagned tubesid gnires gnay igetarts isomorP naruaB i

( xiM noitomorP nanalkirep :utiay amatu nenopmok 4 sata iridret gnay )

)gnisitrevda( nalaujnep isomorp , )noitomorp selas( nagned nagnubuh ,

takaraysam )snoitaler cilbup( ( nagnarorep nalaujnep nad , lanosrep

gnilles .)

.B ukalireP nemusnoK

.1 nemusnoK naitregneP

3002( nawramuS gnajU turuneM 36: gnires nemusnok halitsi )

nad laudividni nemusnok :utiay nemusnok sinej aud iagabes nakitraid

asaj nad gnarab ilebmem laudividni nemusnoK .isasinagro nemusnok

kap ilebmem aynlasiM .iridnes nakanugid kutnu .nubas nad ,utapes ,naia

,nasayay ,sinsib isasinagro itupilem isasinagro nemusnok nakgnadeS

kes( aynnial agabmel nad ,hatniremep rotnak ,laisos agabmel ,halo

hamur nad iggnit naurugrep surah ini isasinagro sinej aumeS .)tikas

rep kudorp ilebmem a asaj nad natal - naknalajnem kutnu aynnial asaj

.aynisasinagro nataigek hurules

.2 nemusnok ukalirep naitregneP

imahapid surah gnay gnitnep icnuk nakapurem nemusnok ukalireP

akgnar malad ada gnay natapmesek iuhategnem anug naahasurep

nok nahutubek naksaumem turunem nemusnok ukalirep naitregneP .nemus

malad tabilret gnusgnal gnay nakadnit iagabes halada )3:4991( legnE


31

asaj nad kudorp naklisahgnem nad ,ismusnokgnem ,naktapadnem

.ini nakadnit iuluhadnem gnay nasutupek nalibmagnep sesorp kusamret

urunem nakgnadeS nakisinefednem )01:7991( okodnaH nad ahtsawS t

tabilret gnusgnal araces gnay udividni nataigek iagabes nemusnok ukalirep

sesorp kusamret asaj nad gnarab nakanuggnem nad naktapadnem malad

.tubesret nataigek nautnenep nad napaisrep adap nasutupek nalibmagnep

irajalepmem awhab naklupmisid tapad akam ini naitregnep audek iraD

nad ilebid gnay apa irajalepmem aynah kadit nemusnok ukalirep

malad nad ,aynnaasaibek anamiagab ,anamid aguj ipatet ,ismusnokid

gnarab apa isidnok - asaj nad gnarab - .ilebid asaj

hP turuneM 3002( reltoK piili 43: ihuragnepid nemusnok ukalireP )

ayadub( ayadub utiay rotkaf 4 helo - bus - laisos ,)laisos salek nad ayadub

sulkis ,aisu( idabirp ,)sutats nad narep atres ,agraulek ,nauca kopmolek(

aidabirpek ,pudih ayag ,imonoke naadaek ,naajrekep ,pudih pesnok nad ,n -

.)pakis nad nanikayek ,narajalebmep ,ispesrep ,isavitom( sigolokisp ,)irid

.C ispesreP nemusnoK

.1 nemusnoK ispesreP naitregneP

.a aynada tabika nopser irad dujuw halada )nagnadnap( ispesreP

( sulumits nagnorod evird sulumits hilipid aynasaib nagnadnap utauS .)

ynnagnukgnil adap ada gnay taraysi nakrasadreb ayndutita uata a

5002 ,idrapuS( .)343:


41

.b tahilem nemusnok gnaroes anamiagab halada nemusnok ispesreP

,nawramuS gnajU( ayngnililekes ainud uata aynirid raul id satilaer

7:3002 .)0

.c ,naisasinagrognep sesorp halada nemusnok ispesreP

emsinagro helo amiretid gnay sulumits padahret nakisaterpetnignep

nad ,itrareb gnay utauses nakapurem aggnihes udividni uata

gnay sativitka nakapurem detargertni otiglaW( udividni irid malad

)45:6002 .

.2 rotkaF ragnepreB gnaY ispesreP adaP hu

)67:3002( nawramuS turuneM adap huragnepreb gnay rotkaf ,

halada ispesrep :

.a malad irad lucnum gnay nemusnok kitsiretkarak halada idabirp rotkaF

irid ,nemusnok :utiay

)1 M .nemusnok nagnubuh malad isavito

)2 aparaH asam namalagnep helo huragnepreb gnay nemusnok n

.aynulal

.b sulumits rotkaF

nad rasamep helo isalupinamid nad lortnokid asib ini rotkaF

:irad iridret ,naitahrep kiranem kutnu amatu naujut nagned nalkignep

utep ,isisop ,sartnok ,satisnetni ,anraw ,naruku ,naruabek ,nakareg ,kujn

,ajagnesid gnay sulumits ,isalosi nad ,kiranem nasep irebmep

urep .tapec gnay rabmag nahab

M halada sutlaB turune :


51

)1 tapad aredni tala irad kisif nasatabretek nad naupmameK

.nenamrep nupuata utkaw aratnemes kutnu ispesrep ihuragnepmem

)2 nagnukgnil isidnoK .

)3 kutnu udividni arac anamiagaB .ulal asam namalagneP

sulumits utaus padahret iskaereb uata nakisaterpretnignem

t .aynulal asam namalagnep irad gnutnagre

)4 nakhutubmem udividni gnaroes akiteK .nanigniek nad nahutubeK

lah adap sukofreb suret naka ai akam utauses naknignignem uata

.tubesret naknigniid nad nakhutubid gnay

)5 a udividnI .ialin nad akgnasarp ,naayacrepeK k hibel na

enem nad nakitahrepmem ikilimem gnay nial gnaro amir

akgnasarp nakgnadeS .aynnagned amas gnay ialin nad naayacrepek

.utauses ispesrepmem malad saib naklubminem tapad

.D satilauK

.1 satilauK naitregneP

ad isinefed kaynab gnudnagnem ”satilauk“ ataK gnarO .ankam n

gnay turunem isinefeD .nanialreb araces aynnakitragnem naka adebreb

11:5002 ,onotpijT ydnaF( satilauk urug arap - )21 .

.a naruJ .M pesoJ

( naiakamep kutnu nakococek iagabes satilauK esu rof ssentif .)

naparah nahunemep adap isatneiro naknakenem ini isinefeD

.naggnalep


61

.b ybsorC .B pilihP

isamrofsnart adap raseb naitahrep huranem ybsorC natakedneP

paites naktabilem ayngnitnep nakakumegnem aI .satilauk ayadub

d utiay ,sesorp adap isasinagro malad gnaro naknakenem nalaj nagne

natakedneP .natutnut /nataraysrep padahret laudividni naiausesek

sesorp nakapurem ybsorC nwod pot .

.c ihcugaT

lubmit gnay naigurek iagabes satilauk nakisinefednem ihcugaT

kid tubesret kudorp haletes takaraysam igab kudorp utaus helo ,miri

naigurek niales - .kudorp kisnirtni isgnuf nakbabesid gnay naigurek

.anrupmes gnay tubesret satilauk arap isinefed nuputas kaT

isinefed ,ipatet nakA - kutnu akerem ahasu nakapurem tubesret isinefed

repo isinefed nakulremem gnaro paites awhab nakkujnunem lanoisa

.satilauk ianegnem

gnitnep narasamep tala utas halas nakapurem kudorp satilauK

hilimem surah uluhad hibel rasamep ,kudorp nagnabmegnep malad

rasap id kudorp isisop gnukudnem tapad gnay satilauk natakgnit

satilauk tubesret isnemid malaD .aynnarasas satilauk itrareb kudorp

isgnuf nakukalem kutnu kudorp naupmamek utiay ajrenik - .aynisgnuf

gnay naitiletek ,naladnahek ,nahat ayad itupilem uti naupmameK

nial tubirta nad ,ikiabrepid nad nakisarepoid nahadumek ,naklisahid

sek araces kudorp adap agrahreb gnay .nahurule


71

itrareb tapad aguj iggnit gnay satilauk ,satilauk natakgnit nialeS

iggnit gnay netsisnok malaD .iggnit gnay satilauk natakgnit isnetsisnok

irad sabeb ,naiausesek satilauk itrareb kudorp satilauk tubesret

akirebmem malad nanetsisnok nad natacacek gnay satilauk natakgnit n

.nakijnajid uata iapacid naka

.2 kudorP satilauK isnemiD

.kudorp satilauk lahirep halada kudorp nakajibek irad naigaB

nakutnetid ulrep asaj nupuam gnarab apureb kiab kudorp utaus satilauK

isnemid iulalem - .aynisnemid a te otnairuD( :4002 ,ll 83 - )24 nakakumegnem

naggnalep nagned naveler gnay kudorp satilauk isnemid irad isakifiseps

malad nakkopmolekid tapad mane iay ,isnemid ut :

.a ( ajreniK p ecnamrofre ) : nagnubuhreb nad rasad gnilap gnay isnemiD

emusnoK .kudorp utaus amatu isgnuf nagned awecek tagnas naka n

.ihunepret kadit ini isnemid naka akerem naparah alibapa

.b ( naladnaeK ytilibailer satilibaborp nagned natiakreb naladnaeK :)

malad lisahreb araces aynisgnuf naknalajnem kudorp nalagagek

.utnetret isidnok hawabid utnetret utkaw edoirep

.c ( naawemitsieK erutaef .rednukes kepsa nakatakid tapad ini isnemiD :)

erutaeF nahilip nagned natiakreb - nad aynnagnabmegnep nad nahilip

akgnar malad isavonireb kutnu nesudorp arap tegrat idajnem

.naggnalep naksaumem

.d ( natewaeK ytilibarud em natewaeK :) narukugnep utaus nakkujnun

nakatakid kudorP .utkaw nupuam sinket araces kiab ,kudorp padahret


81

igaB .nakanugid ilak gnalureb haletes nahatreb kudorp akij tewa

naigabes anerak itregnemid hadum hibel utkaw araces tewa nemusnok

k nakijnajnem gnay kudorp raseb natewaek nakkujnunem hibel natewae

.utkaw malad

.e ( isamrofnoK ecnamrofnoc huaj aparebes nakkujnunem isamrofnoK :)

radnats iamaynem tapad kudorp utaus a .utnetret isakifiseps uat

kudorp niased kitsiretkarak anam id tajared nakiskelferem isamrofnoK

karak nad .nakpatetid halet gnay radnats ihunemem isarepo kitsiret

lagag kudorp esatnesrep uata aynkaynab rukugnem ini kitsiretkaraK

anerak helo nad nakpatetid halet gnay radnats nalupmukes ihunemem

.)31:7991 ,zsrepsaG( ikiabrepid uata gnalu nakajrekid ulrep uti

.f ( nagnacnaR ngised .rihkaret gnay kudorp satilauk isnemiD :)

ihuragnepmem gnay naawemitsiek irad satilatot halada nagnacnaR

.kudorp utaus isgnuf nad nalipmanep arac

.E agraH

.1 naitregneP agraH

nakanugid gnires gnilap gnay asaj uata kudorp tubirta halada agraH

gnajU( kudorp isaulavegnem kutnu nemusnok raseb naigabes helo

nakrakutid gnay ialin halmujes halada agrah uata ,)303:3002 ,nawramuS

rp nakanuggnem uata ikilimem irad taafnam nagned nemusnok uata kudo

rawat iulalem ilebmep nad laujnep helo nakpatetid aynialin gnay asaj -


91

amas gnay agrah utas kutnu laujnep helo nakpatetid uata ,rawanem

.ilebmep aumes padahret

.2 kepsA agraH napateneP

.a .kudorp utaus pudih nagnusgnalek agajneM

.b ek naklamiskameM kednep akgnaj nagnutnu .

.c kednep akgnaj natapadnep naklamiskameM .

.d mumiskam nalaujnep nahubmutrep agajneM .

.e isatsevni nalibmagneP .

.f .rasap asgnap naktakgnineM

.3 ispesreP agraH padahreT nemusnoK

gret tagnas nemusnok ,kudorp utaus agrah ialinem malaD gnutna

ispesrep iulalem ipatet tulosba araces lanimon ialin irad aynah nakub

:irad gnutnagret agrah padahret nemusnok ispesreP .agrah adap akerem

.a secnerffiD ecirP fo noitpecreP

,renhceF rebeW turuneM ulales kutnu gnurednec ilebmep

nakrawatid gnay agrah aratna naadebrep padahret isaulave nakukalem

.iuhatekid gnay rasad agrah padahret

.b secirP secnerefeR

utaus narajawek padahret ispesrep ihuragnepmem nial rotkaF

ilimid gnay agrah isnerefer halada agrah gnay naggnalep helo ik

nad nalki utiay raul isamrofni nad iridnes namalagnep irad tapadid

7002( kkd ,namffihS nial gnaro namalagnep 121: .)


02

.4 ispesreP satilauK padahreT agraH

7002( kkd ,namffihS turuneM 821: utaus satilauk naialinep malad ,)

t tagnas ,kudorp kudorp adap takelem gnay isamrofni irad gnutnagre

apureb tapad tubesret isamrofni raseb aparebes irad atres tubesret kisnirtni

nad )iridnes uti kudorp malad irad lasareb gnay isamrofni( kisnirtske

b udividni alibapa kudorp adap takelem gnay nial retemarap( mule

.)tubesret kudorp gnatnet atayn namalagnep iaynupmem nemusnoK

:anerak satilauk rotakidni iagabes agrah nakanuggnem

.a kerem iagabreb aratnaid satilauk naadebrep ada ayacrep nemusnoK

.irogetak kudorp utaus malad

.b hadner gnay satilauk ayacrep nemusnoK gnay okiser awabmem tapad

.raseb hibel

.c lanekret kerem ilaucek nial isamrofni ikilimem kadit nemusnoK

.ilebmem mulebes satilauk isaulavegnem malad isnerefer iagabes

gnarab kutnu nikgnum iggnites agrah nakparahgnem laujnep araP

nakrawatid gnay asaj uata nakA .nikgnum kaynabes gnau tapadnem raga

kadit nemusnok arap ,iggnit ulalret gnay agrah atnim akerem alib ipatet

laujnep akij ,kahip nial iD .ukal kadit gnarab aggnihes ilebmem uam

aidesreb naka kadit akerem akam ,hadner ulalret gnay agrah tapadnem

apelem malad laujnep igab namodeP .igur asarem anerak ayngnarab naks

:halada lauj agrah nakutenem

.a ,ajrek aganet ,tala nad nahab sokgno( nakraulekid halet gnay ayaiB

.)bsd ,nakharucret halet gnay nailhaek nad utkaw aynkaynab


12

.b .nalisahgnep rebmus nakapurem gnay ,naknigniid gnay abaL

.c gnaulep ,rasap naadaek :nial nagnabmitreP nagniasrep ,ada gnay

os isautis lais - imonoke - .ayniagabes nad ,kitilop

.F sesorP nailebmeP nasutupeK

kudorp haubes nailebmep sesorp malad pahat 5 iulalem surah nemusnoK

.hadner natabilretek nagned nailebmep sata amaturet ukalreb kadit ini ipatet

.1 nalanegneP halasaM

halasam haubes ilanegnem ilebmep taas ialumid nailebmep sesorP

nahutubeK .nahutubek uata nagnasgnar helo naksutecid naka tubesret

.lanretske uata lanretni

.2 nairacneP isamrofnI

kutnu gnorodret naka aynnahutubek hagugret gnay nemusnoK

gnay isamrofni nairacnep isautiS .kaynab hibel gnay isamrofni iracnem

m gnay naitahrep nakamanid nagnir hibel takgnit adap anamid ,taguggne

.kudorp gnatnet isamrofni padahret akep hibel idajnem aynah gnaroeses ini

,naacab nahab iracnem gnaroeses ,isamrofni fitka nairacnep takgnit adaP

.aynnial rebmus irad isamrofni iracnem nad ,namet nopelenem

.3 isaulavE tanretlA fi

rasad pesnoK ;utiay ,nemusnok isaulave malad nemusnok :amatrep

taafnam iracnem nemusnok :audeK .nahutubek ihunemem kutnu ahasureb

gnisam gnadnamem nemusnok :agiteK .kudorp isulos irad utnetret - gnisam


22

debreb gnay naupmamek nagned tubirta nalupmuk iagabes a- malad adeb

.uti nahutubek naksaumem kutnu nakanugid gnay taafnam nakirebmem

.4 nasutupeK nailebmeP

sata isnereferp kutnebmem nemusnok ,isaulave pahat malaD

kerem - kutnebmem nemusnok naidumek ,nahilip nalupmuk malad kerem

ap gnay kudorp ilebmem kutnu tain .iakusid gnil

.5 ukalirP nailebmepacsaP

level imalagnem naka nemusnok ,kudorp ilebmem haleteS

.utnetret naasaupkaditek uata naasaupek

.G ileB taniM gnalU

oitnatuS malad( kkd sdooD tapadnep adap ucagnem nagned ileb taniM

utaus ilebmem kutnu tanimreb ilebmep nanikgnumek halada )252.p ,4002

nakitragnem )652 .p ,4002 oitnatuS malad( drawoH uti aratnemeS .kudorp

yub ot noitnetni natiakreb gnay naataynrep iagabes gnay nitab nagned

utnetret kudorp utaus ilebmem kutnu ilebmep irad anacner naknimrecnem

edoirep utaus malad .utnetret utkaw nad ,llewkcalB ,legnE .F semaJ turuneM

la ta legnE( utiay aud idajnem nakirogetakid tapad ileb tanim ,drainiM

:)102:5991

.1 malad aynhunepes anacneret gnay nailebmep iagabes kujurid aynmumU

.kerem nupuam kudorp kiab ilebmem kutnu tanim ada awhab naitregnep

.2 kudorp nahilip nupualaw anacneret gnay nailebmep iagabes gnadnapiD

cnem aynah tanim aggnihes ,nalaujnep tapmet id taubid .kudorp puka


32

tapad gnay nemele aparebeb ada ,)312:2002( reltoK turuneM

ulek :utiay tanim rukugnem kutnu nakanugid a ,takaraysam ,naajrekep ,agr

.isatserp nad ,aidem ,hamur ,nanakam ,edom ,isaerker

j tubesid ilebmem kutnu nemusnok nanigniek nagned natiakreB agu

ek ujunem sesorp irad naigab nakapurem ileb tanim anamid ,ileb tanim hara

ileb taniM .nemusnok gnaroes helo nakukalid gnay nailebmep nakadnit

)141:1991 idraniW( nial aratna ,rotkaf aparebeb helo ihuragnepid .

.1 sikisP rotkaF

kaf nakapurem sikisp rotkaF malad irad lasareb gnay gnorodnep rot

pakis nad ,nanikayek ,nauhategnep ,ispesrep ,isavitom utiay nemusnok irid

.2 laisoS rotkaF

gnaroeses ukalirep anamid sesorp nakapurem laisos rotkaF

nad ,nauca kopmolek ,laisos sutats ,agraulek helo ihuragnepid

adrebmep ,agrah ,kudorp irad iridret gnay( narasamep naruab naay

.)isomorp nad isubirtsid

8991( relleK turuneM 241: raseb aparebes halada nemusnok tanim ,)

raseb aparebes uata kerem utaus ilebmem nemusnok nanikgnumek

em utas irad hadnipreb kutnu nemusnok nanikgnumek .aynnial kerem ek ker

2002( dnanidreF turuneM : iulalem isakifitnediid tapad ileb tanim ,)921

rotakidni - :tukireb iagabes rotakidni

.1 ilebmem kutnu gnaroeses nagnurednecek utiay ,lanoiskasnart taniM

.kudorp


42

.2 fer taniM e nakisnereferem kutnu gnaroeses nagnurednecek utiay ,laisner

.nial gnaro adapek kudorp

.3 gnaroeses ukalirep nakrabmaggnem gnay tanim utiay ,laisnereferp taniM

ferp ikilimem gnay e aynah ini isnereferP .tubesret kudorp adap amatu isner

jret akij itnagid tapad ferp kudorp nagned utauses ida e .aynisner

.4 niM a gnay gnaroeses ukalirep nakrabmaggnem ini tanim ,fitarolpske t

iracnem nad aynitanimid gnay kudorp ianegnem isamrofni iracnem ulales

tafis gnukudnem kutnu isamrofni - udorp irad fitisop tafis .k

malaD ( oitnatuS takid )352 .p ,4002 ,kerem isnetske malad awhab naka

kerem ianegnem isamrofni pukuc iaynupmem hadus ilebmep nolac alibapa

akam fitisop tubesret ispesrep alibapa ,ispesrep kutnebret hadus nad kudorp

ilebmem kutnu kiratret naka aynasaib tubesret ilebmep nolac isnetske kudorp

isnetske kudorp awhab tahilem akerem alibapa amaturet ,nakrawatid gnay

.kudni kerem irad kudorp nagned sigol gnay natiak iaynupmem tubesret

uluhadret itilenep aparebeb helo nemusnok ileb tanim uti anerak helO

idni iagabes nakanugid gnires malaD .rasap id kudorp utraus naseskusek rotac

halas awhab nakkujnunem )352.p ,4002 oitnatuS malad( umaS aynnaitilenep

halada rasap id aynkadit uata seskus naahasurep kudorp utaus rotakidni utas

t kudorp padahret nemusnok ileb tanim aynhubmut huaj aparebes .tubesre

seskus isakidni utas halas awhab nakatagnem latiM uti aratnemeS aynkadit

gnay kudorp padahret nemusnok ilebmem tanim aynraseb halada kudorp utaus

.natukgnasreb


52

ukalirep halada aynrasad adap gnalu ileb tanim uti aratnemeS

aggnalep anamid naggnalep nad kudorp satilauk padahret fitisop snopserem n

uata ilabmek nagnujnuk nakukalem tainreb nad naahasurep utaus nanayalep

( tubesret naahasurep kudorp ilabmek ismusnokgnem .)2991 .kkd ,ninorC

naka naggnalep naasaupek awhab nakataynem aguj aynnial itileneP

em gnay asakj aideynep irad asaj ilebmem kutnu ukalirep isnetni ihuragnepm

awhab nakataynem )2991( llenroF uti ratnemeS .)9891 .kkd edisdooW( amas

adap gnalu nagnujnuk nakukalem naka saup gnay naggnalep uata nemusnok

nakuhatirebmem nad gnatad naka gnay utkaw gnay asaj sata nial gnaro adapek

.aynnakasarid

nad tanim ,pakis aratna nagnubuh nakgnarenem gnay iroet utas halaS

gnatnet ,)9991 ureH malad9 nezjA nad niebhsiF irad iroet halada ukalirep

( ukalirep esnetni ledom ledoM noitnetnI laroivaheB s’niebhsiF hibel uata )

iroet nagned lanekid noitcA denosaeR aynrasad adap gnaroeses ukalireP .

tagnas ukalirepreb tanim uti aratnemeS .ayntanim adapek gnutnagret tagnas

aynranebeS .ukalirep sata fitkeybus amron nad pakis adap gnutnagret pakis

eses fitkeybus amron nad tabika sata nanikayek helo ihuragnepid aguj gnaro

.ukalirep irad

)9991 ureH malad( recnepS nad reltneB helo nakakumekid ini ledoM

araces tanim ihuragnepmem tapad gnay uapmal asam ukalirep aynada utiay

nay utkaw adap gnalu ismusnokgnem ukalirep nad gnusgnal .gnatad naka g

)9991 ureH malad( htehS nad drawoH helo nakukalid gnay nial naitileneP

( napaggnat lebairav aynada naktahilrepmem lebairav esnopser utiay )


62

nakukalem naka saup gnay nemusnok anamid ,ilebmem kutnu nasutupek

d naka gnay utkaw adap gnalu ismusnok nial gnaro nakuhatirebmem nad gnata

.aynnakasarid gnay asaj uata kudorp ajrenik sata

gnay naitilenep kaynab malad awhab nakatagnem )3991( .kkd revilO

aynada tahilret naggnalep uata nemusnok naasaupek ianegnem sahabmem

aasaupek aratna fitisop gnay nagnubuh anamid ,gnalu nailebmep nad n alibapa

ismusnokid gnay asaj nad nanayalep naka naasaupek helorepmem nemusnok

.gnalu ismusnok nakukalem kutnu gnurednec naka akam

)9691( htehS nad drawoH irad aynmulebes naitileneP nakataynem nup

upmam kerem utaus akij awhab kerem isnetop akam ,naasaupek nakirebmem

,takgninem naka itsap tubesret ilebmem nanigniek na sala ihunemem malad

aguj tubesret kerem ilebmem ilebmep nanikgnumek naikimed nagned

hibel uata utas padahret ilak gnalureb gnay nailebmep nagneD .takgninem

d kerem ilebmep raseb nanikgnumek akam naksaumem tubesret kerem na

gnay ,nitur gnay nailebmep nasutupek sesorp utas nakkujnunem naka tubesret

pahat malad - ,kiab nagned rutkurtsret naka ayntujnales nailebmep pahat

pek nalibmagnep sesorp natapecrep gnorodnem aggnihes .ilebmem nasutu

.H naitileneP uluhadreT

nad kudorp satilauk gnatnet nemusnok ispesrep huragnep sisilanA

nemusnoK tsoK inuhgneP adap susak idutS( ileb tanim padahret kudorp agrah

S’DNOP rezirutsioM rutaC naharuleK ,nagnirpaP nusuD nad nacirM nusuD id

ggnuT )atrakaygoY ,namelS netapubaK ,namelS kopeD natamaceK la

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU imonokE satlukaF ,itnasanitsI aksicnarF siluneP


72

ispesrep anamiagab iuhategnem kutnu naujutreb ini naitileneP

S’DNOP kudorp agrah nad kudorp satialuk gnatnet nemusnok rezirutsioM

nemusnok nemusnok ispesrep naadebrep ada hakapa iuhategnem kutnu atres

S’DNOP kudorp agrah nagned kudorp satilauk gnatnet rezirutsioM irad tahlid

iuhategnem kutnu aguj nad nalub rep ukas gnau raseb nad ,aisu ,nimalek sinej

kudorp agrah nagned kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep hakapa

S’DNOP rezirutsioM .nemusnok gnalu ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb

gnay atad nalupmugnep edoteM halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid

nusud iD nad nacirM nusuD id nakukalid ini naitileneP .renoisiuk edotem

.nednopser 001 kaynabes libmaid gnay nednopser halmuj nagned nagnirpaP

nakanugid gnay lepmas nalibmagnep kinkeT gnilpmaS evisopruP kinkeT .

isilana halada nakanugid gnay atad s esatneserP sisilanA tnednepednI sisilanA ,

t elpmas - sisilana nad hara utas avonA sisilanA ,tset adnagreB raeniL isergeR .

satilauk padahret nemusnok ispesrep awhab iuhatekid lisah iraD

S’DNOP kudorp rezirutsioM nad kiab halada padahret nemusnok ispesrep

S’DNOP kudorp agrah rezirutsioM fitaler naadebrep ada kadiT .gnades

S’DNOP kudorp satiluk padahret nemusnok ispesrep ezirutsioM tahilid akij

ada kadiT .nalub rep ukas gnau aynraseb nad ,aisu ,nimalek sinej irad

ispesrep naadebrep S’DNOP kudorp agrah padahret nemusnok ezirutsioM akij

naadebrep ada aynkilabeS .nednopser aisu nad nimalek sinej irad tahilid

S’DNOP kudorp agrah apadahret nemusnok ispesrep ezirutsioM tahilid akij

emusnok ispesreP .nednopser nalubrep ukas gnau raseb irad ianegnem n

S’DNOP kudorp rezirutsioM gnalu ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb


82

S’DNOP kudorp agrah ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep nakgnades ,nemusnok

ezirutsioM .gnalu ileb tanim padahret huragnepreb kadit

.I lautpesnoK akgnareK

m akatsup naijak lisah nakrasadreB kudorp satilauk huragnep ianegne

agrah nad kudorp akgnarek nakgnabmekid nemusnok ileb tanim padahret

ini hawabid rabmag itrepes ini naitilenep irasadnem gnay lautpesnok :

1.II nagaB lautpesnoK akgnareK

:nagnareteK

uneM : .laisrap araces huragnep nakkujn

natlumis araces huragnep nakkujnuneM : .

gnalu ileb taniM

gnatnet nemusnok ispesreP

rp agrah kudo

gnatnet nemusnok ispesreP

kudorp satilauk


92

.J sisetopiH

tafisreb gnay aratnemes nahalasamrep nabawaj utaus halada sisetopiH

ini naitilenep malad sisetopiH .)96:5002 ,idrapuS( naitilenep utaus irad naagud

:halada

oH = P agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesre

adap kudorp pohs enilno kadit huragnepreb nakifingis

ileb tanim padahret gnalu nakukalem kutnu nemusnok

iskasnart pohs enilno .

aH = P agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesre

adap kudorp pohs enilno huragnepreb nakifingis padahret

ileb tanim gnalu rt nakukalem kutnu nemusnok iskasna enilno

pohs .


29

III BAB

NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM

.A aitileneP sineJ n

naitileneP .susak iduts halada nakukalid gnay naitilenep sineJ

helorepid aggnihes atad halognem nad atad ilaggnem kutnu nakharaid

nagned nakukalid atad nalibmagneP .naitilenep naujut nakrasadreb isamrofni

c k nakanuggnem nagned yevrus ara eu adapek renois hadus gnay nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem hanrep .moc.suksak pohs enilno

.B ybuS e naitileneP keybO nad k

.1 naitilenep keybuS

halada ini naitilenep malad naitilenep keybuS gnay nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem hanrep hadus .)moc.suksak( pohs enilno

.2 naitileneP keybO

halada ini naitilenep malad naitilenep keybO nemusnok ispesrep

gnatnet agrah nad kudorp satilauk kudorp pohs enilno kutnu nakukalem

iskasnart pohs enilno .)su.suksak(

.C naitileneP isakoL nad utkaW

.1 naitileneP utkaW

nalub adap nakukalid naka ini naitileneP utkaW lirpA 102 2 – ieM 102 2.


03

.2 naitilenep isakoL

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU id nakukalid naka ini naitilenep isakoL

adap nad atrakaygoY tisbew )moc.suksak( e .

.D naitileneP lebairaV

lebairav nautnenep naitilenep nataigek paites malaD - lebairav

enep keybo uata tubirta utaus halada naitilenep lebairaV .gnitnep tagnas naitil

aratna uata aynnial gnaro nagned gnaro utas aratna isairav iaynupmem gnay

)sabeb elbairav( nednepedni lebairaV .aynnial keybo nagned keybo utas

ata ihuragnepmem gnay lebairav halada aynnahaburep babeynep idajnem u

)takiret lebairav( nedneped lebairav aratnemeS .nial lebairav aynlubmit uata

lebairav aynada anerak tabika idajnem uata ihuragnepid gnay lebairav halada

.)sabeb lebairav( nednepedni

.1 amatrep halasaM

kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP

pohs enilno .

.a nemusnok ispesreP kudorp satilauk ianegnem pohs enilno .

X( nednepedni lebairaV )1 kudorp satilauk halada .pohs enilno lebairaV

.nemusnok ispesrep halada )Y( nedneped :)nagnadnap( ispesrep itrA

( sulumits nagnorod aynada tabika nopser irad dujuw .)evird sulumits

tafis nahuruleseK :satilauk itrA - iric nad tafis - asaj uata gnarab utaus iric

nad nahutubek naksaumem aynnaupmamek adap huragnepreb gnay

nakataynid gnay naulrepek .tarisret uata kudorp satilauk kepsA enilno


13

pohs rp nahab naiauseseK : naataynek nagned rabmag id kudo ,

,kudorp naruku ,naataynek nagned rabmagid kudorp ledom naiausesek

nagnat id iapmas haletes kudorp adap nakasurek aynada kadit uata ada

nanahatek ,nemusnok .areles nad kudorp kirat ayad ,kudorp

.b kudorp agrah ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP .pohs enilno

X( nednepedni lebairaV 2 kudorp agrah :) .pohs enilno lebairaV

.nemusnok ispesrep :)Y( nedneped kudorp tubirta halada agraH :itrA

id gnires gnilap gnay asaj uata snok raseb naigabes helo nakanug nemu

.kudorp isaulavegnem kutnu kudorp agrah :itiletid gnay kepsA

adap sinejes kudorp agrah nagned gnidnabid pohs enilno aynnial

utaus padahret nemusnok ileb ayad ,mirik sokgno nagned habmatid

auk nagned iauses agrah ,kudorp satil . nagned :narukugneP

kudorp agrah hakapa trekiL alaks nakanuggnem pohs enilno iauses

kudorp agrah iuhatekid akam satilauk nagned pohs enilno tubesret

.nemusnok ispesrep turunem harum uata laham

.2 audeK halasaM

auk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep huragneP agrah nad kudorp satil

kudorp pohs enilno ileb tanim padahret gnalu .nemusnok lebairaV

kudorp satilauk :nednepedni pohs enilno X( 1 kudorp agrah nad ) enilno

pohs X( 2 .) ileb tanim halada )Y( nedneped lebairaV gnalu nemusnok

kudorp padahret .pohs enilno ileb tanim itrA gnalu haletes halada

akubmem uata rabmag tahilem nemusnok ,etisbew ikilimem nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem uata ilebmem kutnu nanigniek .pohs enilno


23

.E ataD nakhutubiD gnay

:halada ini naitilenep malad nakulrepid gnay ataD

.1 lada remirp ataD nemusnok irad gnusgnal araces helorepid gnay atad ha

nakukalem hanrep hadus gnay nemusnok ispesrep anamiagab gnatnet

iskasnart pohs enilno kudorp satilauk ianegnem pohs enilno agrah nad

kudorp pohs enilno .renoisiuk naisignep nad aracnawaw nagned tubesret

.2 ataD .nial kahip helo naklupmukid halet gnay atad halada rednukes ataD

tenretni irad helorepid tapad rednukes .naakatsupek nad ,rabak tarus ,

mumu narabmag kutnu nakanugid naka rednukes atad ini naitilenep malaD

adap kudorp nupuam naahasurep pohs enilno .

.F kinkeT ataD narukugneP

alakS nakanuggnem ini naitilenep malad atad narukugnep kinkeT

:halada aynkitsiretkaraK .trekiL

.1 satilauK

.a :ayntrekiL alaks niauseseK

)1 iauses tagnaS 5 :

)2 iauseS 4 :

)3 gnadeS 3 :

)4 iauses kadiT 2 :

)5 iauses kadiT tganaS 1 :

.b kudorp nanahateK

amal tagnaS )1 5 :


33

amaL )2 4 :

gnadeS )3 3 :

amaL kadiT )4 2 :

amaL kadiT tagnaS )5 1 :

.c nakiratreteK

)1 kiraneM tagnaS 5 :

)2 kiraneM 4 :

)3 larteN 3 :

)4 kiraneM kadiT 2 :

)5 kiraneM kadiT tagnaS 1 :

.d aynmulebes ispesrep nagned amirenem haletes kudorp satilauK

)1 amaS tagnaS 5 :

)2 amaS 4 :

)3 larteN 3 :

)4 amaS kadiT 2 :

)5 amaS kadiT tagnaS 1 :

.2 :ayntrekiL alakS ,agraH nakajibeK

.a lahaM tagnaS 5 :

.b lahaM 4 :

.c gnadeS 3 :

.d haruM 2 :

.e haruM tagnaS 1 :


43

.3 :ayntrekiL alakS ,ileB taniM

.a tanimreB tagnaS 5 :

.b tanimreB 4 :

.c larteN 3 :

.d tanimreB kadiT 2 :

.e tanimreB kadiT tagnaS 1 :

.G ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT

tala nakutnetid atad satilauk :naktubeynem )711:5002( idrapuS

halada atad nalupmugnep edotem ,aynnarukugnep tala uata atad libmagnep

arac - ,atad nakalupmugnem kutnu itilenep helo nakanugid tapad gnay arac

ab tala halada atad nalupmugnep nemurtsni nakgnades nad hilipid gnay útn

nataigek raga atad nalupmugnep nataigek malad itilenep helo nakanugid

irad nial kadit atad nalupmugneP .hadumrepid nad sitametsis idajnem tubesret

araces akaM .naitilenep naulrepek kutnu remirp atad naadagnep sesorp utaus

m raseb sirag naanacnerep irad naigab nakapurem atad nalupmugnep edote

arac nautnenep sesorp nagned natiakreb gnay naitilenep nataigek - kutnu arac

atad gnirajnem uata naktapadnem - atad amaturet( nagnapal naitilenep atad

)remirp

tem nakanuggnem silunep ini naitilenep malaD ,atad nalupmugnep edo

:utiay


53

.1 aracnawaW

aparebeb adapek gnusgnal araces bawaj aynat nakukalem nagneD

kudorp ianegnem ayntapadnep uata nagnaretek iatnimid kutnu nemusnok

kudorp agrah nad pohs enilno .

.2 /isatnemukoD akatsuP idutS

,rabak tarus ,pirksnart ,natatac apureb atad nakanuggnem itileneP

atad nad ,halajam - isnerefer iagabes nakanugid tapad gnay nial silutret atad

.naitilenep

.3 renoisiuK

helorepmem kutnu nakanugid gnay silutret naaynatrep halmujeS

et nednopser irad isamrofni satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep gnatn

kudorp agrah nad kudorp pohs enilno .

.H lanoisarepO isinefeD

.1 kudorP

naktapadnem kutnu nemusnok ek nakrawatid gnay gnaraB

tubesret kudorp nakanuggnem nad ilebmem kutnu nanigniek nad naitahrep

ini naitilenep malaD .nanigniek uata nahutubek ihunemem tapad aggnihes

halada aynkudorp .noihsaf

.2 satilauK

auk ini naitilenep malaD ispesrep anamiagab irad tahilid satil

gnay naadaek nagned rabmag id kudorp naiausesek padahret nemusnok


63

nakasurek aynada kadit nad kudorp naruku ,ledom naiausesek ,aynranebes

.nemusnok nagnat id iapmas taas adap kudorp

.3 agraH

agrah ini naitilenep malaD ispesrep anamiagab irad tahilid

kudorp agrah padahret nemusnok - id nakrawatid gnay kudorp pohs enilno ,

id kudorp agrah awhab nemusnok ispesrep hakapa pohs enilno

)moc.suksak( agrah ,mirik sokgno nagned habmatid akij laham tagnas

udorp satilauk nagned kudorp .k

.4 ispesreP nemusnoK

kudorp padahret nemusnok naparah halada nemusnok ispesreP

id rabmag adap tahilid gnay kudorp nagned iauses ilebid gnay pohs enilno .

.5 ileb taniM gnalu

ileb taniM gnalu halada nanigniek uata tarsaH gnay nailebmep

nakukalid nemusnok ilak aparebeb uata ilak utas irad hibel malad


.I lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 isalupoP

aynasaib gnay pakgnel gnay nemele kopmolek halada isalupoP

kutnu kiratret atik anamid naidajek uata ,iskasnart ,gnaro ,keybo apureb

irad naigab halada lepmaS .naitilenep keybo idajnem uata aynirajalepmem

upop w“ iagabes naitilenep keybus nakidajid gnay isal atoggna irad ”lika

.isalupop


73

.2 lepmaS

uruneM :6991( oygabuS nad otnawrajD t halada lepmas )801

nad ,ikidilesid kadneh aynkitsiretkarak gnay isalupop irad naigabes

irad tikides hibel aynhalmuj( isalupop nahurulesek ilikawem asib paggnaid

isalupop halmuj adap .)ayn

gnay nednopser halmuj kutnu ini naitilenep malad lepmas adaP

tubesret nednopser nad nednopser 002 kaynabes nakanugid naka

iskasnart nakukalem hanrep gnay nemusnok nakapurem pohs enilno adap

pohs enilno tapadnep adap nakrasadid ini nautneneP .suksak eocsoR

kid gnay )5791( 002:061( narakeS ukub irad pitu nakutnenem kutnu utiay ,)

gnaruk nad 03 irad hibel lepmas halmuj aynaratnaid gnay lepmas naruku

isalupop halmuj aneraK .isalupop ilikawem hadus paggnaid 005 irad

iskasnart nakukalem gnay nemusnok enilno pohs halmuj nautnenep akam ,

nad utkaw nasatabretek helo nakababesid anerak 002 kaynabes nednopser

.nednopser halmuj kaynab

.J kinkeT lepmaS nalibmagneP

nakanuggnem ini naitilenep malad lepmas nalibmagnep kinkeT

gnilpmaS evisopruP gnay isalupop atoggna irad lepmas hilimem itilenep utiay

iric uata airetirk ihunemem lasa nednopser idajnem aidesreb - gnay iric

nakukalem hanrep gnay nemusnok halada nednopseR .silunep helo nakutnetid

iskasnart pohs enilno m hanrep hadus gnay nemusnok uata kudorp ilebme

.pohs enilno


83

.K nemurtsnI naijugneP edoteM

hakapa nimajnem kutnu ,atad satilibaileR nad satidilaV ijU nagneD

raneb naklupmukid gnay atad - nad satidilav takgnit iaynupmem raneb

raneb uata iggnit gnay satilibailer - i isamrifnokgnem upmam raneb rotakidn

iju nakukalid uluhad hibelret akam ,nugnabid gnay kurtsnok padahret

halada nakanugid naka gnay sisilana talA .)203:5002 ,idrapuS( yrotamrifnok

roks padahret )rotakidni( meti paites roks aratna anahredes isalerok neisifeok

akiJ .tubesret meti latot aynisalerok neisifeok gnay )meti( rotakidni tapadret

kadit nakataynid tubesret meti awhab nakatakid tapad akaM .nakifingis kadit

.dilav

naktapadnem kutnu renoisiuk narabeynep nakukalid mulebeS

naijugnep nakukalid uluhad hibelret akam ,nednopser napaggnat nad satidilav

nemurtsni naijugneP )05=n( nednopser gnaro 05 padahret renoisiuk satilibailer

malad nakanugid gnay ruku tala hakapa iuhategnem kutnu nakulrepid

.kadit uata nakanugid kayal naitilenep

.1 satidilaV naijugneP

gnay nemurtsni hakapa iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid ini sisilanA

atad rukugnem upmam renoiseuk utiay ini naitilenep malad nakanugid

isaleroK halada nakanugid gnay sumuR .rukuid nigni gnay tcudorP

tnemoM :

n ∑ yx – ( ∑ x ∑ y ) r yx =

√ [ n ∑ ²x - ( ∑ x ) ² [ ] n ∑ y ² - ( ∑ y ) ² ]


93

: anamiD

r yx : ( Y nad X aratna isalerok neisifeoK tcudorp

tnemom ).

x : gnisam irad nabawaj latot ialiN - irad romon gnisam

nednopseR .

y : nednopser nabawaj irad ritub latoT .

∑ x : ritub roks halmuJ .

∑ yx : Y nad X aratna ilak lisah halmuJ .

n : aboc iju lepmas aynkaynaB .

akam kadit uata dilav uti nemurtsni nakutnenem kutnU

: tukireb iagabes halada aynnautnetek

.a r akiJ gnutih ≥ r lebat nemurtsni akam )50.0 isakifingis nagned isis 2 iju(

uata meti - adahret nakifingis isalerokreb naaynatrep meti latot roks p

.)dilav nakataynid(

.b r akiJ gnutih r < lebat nemurtsni akam )50,0 isakifingis nagned isis 2 iju(

meti uata - roks padahret nakifingis isalerokreb kadit naaynatrep meti

kadit nakataynid( latot )dilav .

2. satilibaileR naijugneP

natarukaek uata ,naitiletek ,natapetek tajared halada satilibaileR

sni helo nakkujnutid gnay :5002 ,ramU( narukugnep nemurt .)75

c nemurtsni utaus awhab nakkujnunem satilibaileR ayacrepid tapad puku

tubesret nemurtsni anerak atad lupmugnep tala iagabes nakanugid kutnu


04

,aynnaataynek nagned iauses raneb gnamem aynatad alibapA .kiab hadus

.amas naka patet libmaid nup ilak apareb akam

kanuggnem itilenep ,satilibailer gnutihgnem malaD sumur na

ahplA s’hcabnorC sumuR . ahplA s’hcabnorC iracnem kutnu nakanugid

renoiseuk aynlasim ,0 nad 1 nakub aynroks gnay nemurtsni satilibailer

.naiaru kutneb laos uata

sumuR ahplA s’hcabnorC :

r 11 = � 𝒌𝒌−𝟏

� �𝟏 − ∑ 𝝈𝒃𝟐

𝝈𝒕𝟐 �

nagnareteK :

r 11 = satilibaileR .nemurtsni

k = laos aynkaynab uata naaynatrep ritub aynkaynaB .

∑ 𝜎𝑏2 = ritub nairav halmuJ .

𝜎𝑡2 = latot nairaV .

uti nemurtsni hakapa nakutnenem kutnU lebailer kadit uata

: tukireb iagabes nautnetek nakanugid

.a r akiJ gnutih ≥ r lebat ( ,0 isakifingis nagned isis 2 iju nemurtsni akam )50

meti uata - .lebailer nakatakid meti

.b r akiJ gnutih r < lebat nemurtsni akam )50,0 isakifingis nagned isis 2 iju(

.lebailer kadit nakatakid


14

.L ataD sisilanA kinkeT

.1 amatreP halasaM

.a kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP pohs enilno

X > X 1 BS 5,1 + 1 kiab tagnaS

X1 BS 5,0 + 1 X < ≤ X1 BS 5,0 + 1 kiaB

X1 - BS 5,0 1 X < ≤ X1 BS 5,0 + 1 larteN

X1 - BS 5,1 1 X < ≤ X1 - BS 5,0 1 kiaB kadiT

X ≤ X1 - BS 5,1 1 kiaB kadiT tagnaS

:nagnareteK

X1 laedi roks atareR =

skam roks( ½ = lami nim roks + lami )laedi

BS 1 laedi ukab nagnapmiS =

skam roks( 6/1 = lami – nim roks lami )laedi

X )iapacid gnay roks( lautka rokS =

= laedi skam rokS ∑ iggnitret roks x airetirk ritub

= laedi nim rokS ∑ hadneret roks x airetirk ritub

.b adap kudorp agrah ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP pohs enilno

X > X 1 BS 5,1 + 1 lahaM tagnaS

X1 BS 5,0 + 1 X < ≤ X1 BS 5,0 + 1 lahaM

X1 - BS 5,0 1 X < ≤ X1 BS 5,0 + 1 radnatS

X1 - BS 5,1 1 X < ≤ X1 - BS 5,0 1 haruM

X ≤ X1 - BS 5,1 1 haruM tagnaS


24

:nagnareteK

X1 laedi roks atareR =

skam roks( ½ = lami nim roks + lami )laedi

BS 1 laedi ukab nagnapmiS =

skam roks( 6/1 = lami – nim roks lami )laedi

X )iapacid gnay roks( lautka rokS =

= laedi skam rokS ∑ iggnitret roks x airetirk ritub

= laedi nim rokS ∑ hadneret roks x airetirk ritub

.2 audeK halasaM

agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep huragneP

kudorp pohs enilno ileb tanim padahret gnalu halasam kutnU .nemusnok

.rotkiderp aud adnagreB raeniL isergeR nakanuggnem audek

.a aud adnagreb raenil iserger nakanuggnem mulebes taraysrep agiT

:8002 ,ontayiP iwuD( rotkiderp :)93

)1 satiraenilokitluM ijU

atiraenilokitlum ijU hategnem kutnu nakanugid s uata ada iu

agnapmiynep aynkadit utiay ,satiraenilokitlum kisalk ismusa n

ledom malad nednepedni lebairav aratna raenil nagnubuh aynada

halada iserger ledom malad ihunepid surah gnay taraysarP .iserger

atiraenilokitlum aynada kadit naijugnep edotem aparebeb adA .s

:aynaratnaid ,nakanugid asib gnay

)a .aynnawal nad ecnarelot ialin tahilem nagneD


34

)b tahilem nagneD rotcaf noitalfni ecnairav ledom adap )PIV(

.iserger

)c laudividni isanimreted neisifeok ialin nakgnidnabmem nagneD

r( 2 R( katneres araces isanimreted ialin nagned ) 2).

)d ialin tahilem nagneD eulavnegie nad xedni noitidnoc .

adaP u nakukalid naka ini naitilenep satiraenilokitlum ij

tahilem nagned rotcaf noitalfni eulav .iserger ledom adap )PIV(

m ,5 irad raseb hibel PIV akiJ iaynupmem tubesret lebairav aka

.aynnial sabeb lebairav nagned satiraenilokitlum nalaosrep

)2 satisitsadeksoreteH ijU

nagnapmiynep aynkadit uata ada iuhategnem kutnu nakanugiD

naamaskaditek aynada utiay ,satisitsadeksoreteh kisalk ismusa

udiser nad nairav .iserger ledom adap natamagnep aumes kutnu l

kadit halada iserger ledom malad ihunepid surah gnay nataraysreP

naijugnep ledom aparebeb adA .satisitsadeksoreteh alajeg aynada

b gnay u utiay aynaratna nakanugid asai tahilem ,rejselg iju ,krap ij

er kifarg alop .namraeps isalerok neisifeok iju nad ,iserg

adaP h iju nakukalid naka ini naitilenep satisitsadeksorete

ed u nakanuggnem nagn laudiser ialin nakisergerem utiay ,krap ij

ienL( 2 gnisam nagned ) - XnL( lebairav gnisam 1 XnL nad 2 airetirK .)

agabes halada aynnaijugnep :tukireb i

)a satisitsadeksoreteh alajeg ada kadiT : oH

)b satisitsadeksoreteh alajeg adA : aH


44

)c alib amiretid oH – t lebat ≤ t gnutih ≤ t lebat tapadret kadit itrareb

t alib kalotid oH nad satisitsadeksoreteh gnutih t > lebat uata – t

gnutih < - t lebat .satisitsadeksoreteh tapadret itrareb gnay

)3 satilamroN ijU

nad satireinilokitlum kisalk ismusa iju nialeS

iju halada nial gnay kisalk ismusa iju ,satisitsadeksoreteh

atad nad )X( sabeb lebairav atad ijugnem naka anamid ,satilamron

p )Y( takiret lebairav .naklisahid gnay iserger naamasrep ada

.lamron kadit isubirtsidreb uata lamron isubirtsidreB

atad iaynupmem akij kiab nakatakid iserger naamasreP

itakednem isubirtsidreb takiret lebairav atad nad sabeb lebairav

tapad satilamron kisalk ismusa ijU .ilakes amas lamron uata lamron

: utiay arac aud nagned nakukalid

)a kitsitatS araC

atad ijugnem malaD lebairav atad nad sabeb lebairav

ini kitsitats arac adap kadit uata lamron isubirtsidreb takiret

( avruk nagnirimek ialin iulalem ssenweks ialin uata )3α =

( avruk nagnicnurek sisotruk nagned nakgnidnabrepid )4α =

.lebat Z ialin

)1( imek kutnu Z ialin sumuR ( avruk nagnir ssenweks : )

Z ssenwekS = ssenweks / √ / 3α = 3αZ uata N / 6 √ / 6

)2( ( avruk nagnicnurek kutnu Z ialin sumuR sisotruk :)

Z sisotruK = sisotruk / √ / 4α = 4αZ uata N / 42 √ N / 42


54

.atad kaynab = N anamiD

: sisilana nautneteK

)1( Z akij lamron isubirtsidreb )takiret uata sabeb( lebairaV

gnutih Z < )4α Z uata 3αZ( lebat 69,1 = %5 Z iuhatekid lasiM .

Z( lebat Z irad raseb hibel ) gnutih Z nial atak nagned uata gnutih

Z irad licek hibel lebat Z naksilutid tapad ,)69,1( gnutih .69,1 <

)2( uata 3αZ( gnutih Z akij lamron kadit isubirtsidreb lebairaV

Z > )4α Z lebat romon lasiM . Z silutid tapad ,)a( gnutih ,1 > .69

)b nad margotsiH kifarG araC stolP ytilaborP lamroN

atad utaus nakutnenem malad margotsih kifarg araC

uata lamron isubirtsidreb aratna nakgnidnabmem pukuc ,kadit

hakapa ,kutnebret gnay avruk sirag nagned atayn uata liir atad

atad akiJ .ilakes amas lamron gnamem uata lamron itakednem

padahret irtemis kadit gnurednec avruk sirag kutnebmem liir

dreb atad nakatakid tapad akam ,)U( naem lamron kadit isubirtsi

atad kutnu iauses hibel margotsih kifarg araC .aynkilabes nad

gnay atad kaynab kutnu kococ kadit nad ,kaynab fitaler gnay

.naktaseynem tapad aynisaterpretni anerak ,tikides

araC stolp ytilaborp lamron arac adapirad ladnah hibel

arg liir atad nakgnidnabmem ini arac anerak ,margotsih kif

araces )retupmok helo sitamoto( lamron isubirtsid atad nagned

sirag akij lamron isubirtsidreb nakatakid atad utauS .fitalumuk

.lanogaid sirag itukignem liir atad


64

.b adnagreB raeniL isergeR sisilanA

eP .rotkiderp auD adnagreB raeniL isergeR naamasr sisilanA

uata aud aratna raenil araces nagnubuh halada adnagreb raenil iserger

,onoiguS( nedneped lebairav nagned nednepedni lebairav hibel

.)052:5002

:sumuR

b+a =’Y 1x1 b + 2x2

:nagnareteK

’Y )iskiderpid gnay ialin( nedneped lebairaV = .

x 1 x nad 2 nednepedni lebairaV = .

a atnatsnoK = .

b iserger neisifeok = .

agrah gnutihgnem kutnU - b ,a agrah 1 b , 2 nakanuggnem tapad

:tukireb naamasrep

∑ b + na = y 1∑x 1 b + 2∑x2

∑x1 b + xna = y 1∑x + 1 b2∑ x1x2

∑x2 a = y ∑x + 1 b1∑y + 1 b2∑22


74

)1 amasreb araces isergeR neisifeok ijU - )F iju( amas

lebairav hakapa gnutihgnem kutnu nakanugid ini ijU

x( nednepedni ,1 x2 lebairav padahret nakifingis arces huragnepreb )

:)18:8002 ,ontayirP iwuD( sumuR .)Y( nedneped

k / ²R = F

1( - n( / )²R -k- )1

nasabebek tajared ,%5 = α rasebes atayn farat nagneD

n( = tubeynep atres k halada gnalibmep -k- t akam )1 lebat n,k,α( -k- ,)1

: anamid

k sabeb lebairav kaynab =

n lepmas kaynab =

R .adnagreb raenil isalerok neisifeok =

sisetopih naksutumeM

)a F ialiN - gnutih ≥ F- lebat F uata 50,0 α adap - gnutih adap p- eulav ≤

H akam 50,0 0 H nad kalotid a .amiretid

)b F ialiN - gnutih F < - lebat F uata 50,0 α adap - gnutih adap p- eulav >

H akam 50,0 0 H nad amiretid a .kalotid

)2 )t iju( laisraP araceS isergeR neisifeoK ijU

X lebairav ijugnem kutnU 1 – X2 kitsitats araces utasrep utas

,Y lebairav ihuragnepmem malad kadit uata nakifingis hakapa

: 0002 ,otnarpuS( sumur nagned t iju kitsitats nakanugid akam )641

:


84

jb = jt

js

n( = kd nasabebek tajared nad %5 = a atayn farat nagneD -

k- n ,α( halada lebat akam ,)1 -k- .)1

jt j ek neisifeok gnutih t =

jb j ek lebairav irad iserger neisifeok =

js jb irad rorre tradnats =

nasutupek nakutneneM

)a t ialiN - gnutih ≥ t- lebat t uata 50,0 α adap - gnutih adap p- eulav ≤ 50,0

H akam 0 H nad kalotid a .amiretid

)b t ialiN - gnutih t < - lebat t uata 50,0 α adap - gnutih adap p- eulav 50,0 >

H akam 0 H nad amiretid a .kalotid

)3 )R( adnaG isaleroK sisilanA

aratna nagnubuh iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid ini sisilanA

x( nednepedni lebairav hibel uata aud ,1 x2 lebairav padahret )

)8002 ,ontayirP iwuD( katneres araces )Y( nedneped .

:sumuR

r .y 𝒙𝟏𝒙𝟐 = �( 𝐲𝐫 𝐱𝟏)𝟐+ ( 𝐲𝐫 𝐱𝟐)𝟐− 𝟐 ( 𝐲𝐫 𝐱𝟐)(𝐫𝐱𝟏𝐱𝟐)𝟏−(𝐫𝐱𝟏𝐱𝟐)𝟐

:nagnareteK

r .y 𝑥1𝑥2 = lebairav isaleroK x1 nagned x2.

xyr 1 = ( anahredes isalerok tnemom tcudorp


94

nosraep x aratna ) 1 Y nad .

xyr 2 = ( anahredes isalerok tnemom tcudorp

nosraep x aratna ) 2 Y nad .

r𝑥1𝑥2 = x aratna anahredes isaleroK 1 x nad 2.

)4 R( isanimreted sisilanA 2 )

adnagreb raenil iserger malad ini isanimerted sisilanA

huragnep nagnabmus esatneserp iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid

x( nednepedni lebairav 1 x nad 2 ) lebairav padahret katneres araces

lebairav aud nagned isanimreted neisifeok sumuR .)Y( nedneped

:)8002 ,ontayirP iwuD( nednepedni

R 2 =( 𝐲𝐫 𝐱𝟏)𝟐+ ( 𝐲𝐫 𝐱𝟐)− 𝟐 ( 𝐲𝐫 𝐱𝟏)( 𝐲𝐫 𝐱𝟐)(𝐱𝟏𝐱𝟐)

𝟏−(𝐫𝐱𝟏𝐱𝟐)𝟐

:nagnareteK

R2 = isanimreted neisifeoK .

xyr 1 = anahredes isaleroK tnemom tcudorp(

)nosraep x aratna 1 Y nad .

xyr 2 = anahredes isaleroK tnemom tcudorp(

)nosraep x aratna 2 Y nad .

xr 1x2 = anahredes isaleroK tnemom tcudorp(

)nosraep x aratna 1 x nad 2.


05

VI BAB

MUMU NARABMAG

.A suksaK harajeS

ayniridreb lawa gnay ,kusuk kasak irad natakgnis nakapurem suksaK

gnay aisenodnI awsisaham licek satinumok irad iboh radekes irad alumreb

negnem sahabmem gnay iregen raul ek iduts libmagnem atireb ia - atireb

d gnay isamrofni isi ,aynnairidnep lawA .aisenodnI suksaK muroF id nakrapapi

aynah uti taas er - etirw atireb - ,numaN .NNC irad aisenodnI gnatnet atireb

isuksid murof haubes idajnem nad tasep gnabmekreb naidumek gnay suksak

enilno gnih seskus pukuc gnay murof haubes halada suksaK .gnarakes ag

rebmevoN 6 laggnat adap iridreb gnay aisenodnI rasebret ayam satinumok

,siwraD werdnA utiay aisenodnI lasa adumep agit helo iropolepid gnay 0002

ireS akiremA ,elttaeS id iduts naktujnalem gnades gnay iduB nad ,dlanoR .tak

nad irid nakrudnugnem dlanoR nad iduB ,amal aparebeb nalajreb haleteS

8 amales mukav askapret nup suksaK ,numaN .nahatreb gnay werdnA aynah

akam ,aisenodnI id saisutna natubmas tapadnem suksaK anerak ,ipateT .nalub

d ilabmek nakfitkaid naidumek suksaK igal kat ini sutiS .adebreb pesnok nagne

atireb helo isiid - anam id murof haubes idajnem naknialem ,NNC atireb

nasilut - id nasilut gnitsop .)suksaK anuggnep( resuksak arap helo iridnes

ayniridreb harajes( takgninem suksaK gnujnugnep taubmem ini urab pesnoK

ak nasabebeK .)0102 iraunaj ,suks gnitsop igab resuksaK suksaK taubmem ini

murof aynada nagned igalapa ,ifargonrop isamrofni isireb kaynab BB - 71 gnay


15

irab natakgnis nakapurem akuB - 71 naakub iukagnem werdnA ,uti kajeS .

,onrop sutis nagned kitnedi suksaK awhab kaynab ada nupiksem murof bus

.taafnamreb gnay isamrofni isireb gnay nial

suksaK harajeS malad nawdiR narapamep nakrasadreB - satinumoK

suksaK harajeS( aisenodnI id rasebreT - ok ,aisenodnI id rasebret satinum

J 05 helo ayntikides ignujnukid suksaK ,)0102 irauna nagned ,gnaro 000.0

halmuj weiv egap suksaK muroF atoggnA .aynirah paites 000.005.3 ihibelem

2 ieM nalub adap anam id ,raseb tagnas halmujreb aynatoggna ini 010

,1 iapacnem nagnalak irad lasareb suksaK anuggnep ,aynmumu adaP .atuj 6

reB .asawed aggnih ajamer itkubret suksaK ,gnujnugnep iges irad aracib

emsaisutna irad tahilret ini laH .ignujnukid kaynab tagnas gnay murof iagabes

arap resuksaK haubes ada alib daerht gnay isamrofni isireb gnay nasilut(

id gnitsop akij pajekes malad akaM .)tubesret murof id nak rht dae tubesret

naubir nakhab uata nasutar helo ipaggnatid naka akam sugab resuksaK .

akij igalapA daerht idajnem tubesret daerht toh halmuj akam weiv egap nad

gnitsop ratnemok resuksaK ,aneraK .kaynab tagnas asib daerht kusamret gnay

irogetak malad daerht toh halada daerht naktapadnem gnay gnitar nad kaynab

halmuj nagned weiv egap nad tnemmoc .aguj raseb halmuj malad gnay

nad bew isagivan nakgnabmegnem gnay sutis utaus ,tenretni axelA turuneM

naklisahgnem sgniknaR ciffart adap suksaK isuksid murof naktapmenem

poT( aisenodnI id ignujnukid gnires gnilap gnay sutis iagabes ,mane ek naturu

.)0102 ,aisenodnI ni setis


25

isakinumok murof suksaK( amnipA turuneM enilno relupopret

naktainid halet suksaK ,aynnairidnep lawa kajes )9002 lirpA ,aisenodnI

mem gnay murof iagabes adaP .iserpskereb kutnu atoggna aumes naksabeb

,suksaK ayniridreb lawa 71BB muroF irad natakgnis nakapurem gnay akuB -

71 naakub kutnu nakutnurepid gnay murof , resuksaK nad asawed muroF

bulC thgiF )nagnoloG ratnA nad ,saR ,amagA ,ukuS( ARAS asnaunreb gnay

em suksaK ,8002 sutsugA kajes ,numaN .suksaK id tirovaf murof nakapur

gnadnU naukalrebmep nagned nalajes isulove imalagnem - tenretnI gnadnU

muroF id nahaburep nupadA .8002 nuhat )ETI UU( kinortkelE iskasnarT nad

K fitagen artic supahgnem kutnu nakukalid suksaK aidem iagabes suksa

dnuorgrednu nagned iadnatid aynnahaburep kutneB .onrop sutis nad

urab nalipmaT .8002 sutsugA 71 laggnat adap suksaK nalipmat habugnem

murof nasupahgnep ,anraw hunep taubid suksak 71BB “ murof nad ”bulC thgif

“ idajnem haburid bulC etabeD ” helob kadit nad tatek hibel gnay naruta naged

rutif aynada ,ARAS gnuggniynem gnay isuksidreb - nad golb itrepes urab rutif

.”PAW suksak“

paiteS murof bus anam id ,rotaredom helo isawaid ulales suksak id

utaus id rotaredom nahilimep murof bus araces nakukalid gnillop amases

atoggna murof bus nakutnenem kutnu kah ikilimem hilipret gnay rotaredoM .

gnaroeses napak resuksaK id ,aynutneT .murof bus irad nakraulekid asib

paites murof bus gnisam naruta ikilimem - akij nad gnisam resuksaK hadus

aggnalem akam r resuksaK irad nakraulekid hadus tubesret murof bus nad

aynitra resuksaK nakanuggnem asib kadit hadus tubesret DI igal aynsuksaK


35

nakfitkagnem ialumem nad urab nuka taubmem surah nad DI lawa irad ayn

.igal

paiteS resuksaK DI gnit raleg gnabmal ikilimem natak resuksaK

akiJ .tubesret resuksaK akam ,gnubagreb urab resuksaK tapadnem tubesret

raleg eibwen tegrat ihunemem hadus akij ,numaN . gnitsop akam ,utnetret

idajnem habureb aynraleg suksak ,kainam suksak ,tcidda suksak ,ciloh suksak

nih kaerf suksak ,keag suksak ni edam agg aliB . resuksaK tainreb gnamem

akam ,suksaK id fitka nad siske kutnu suires resuksaK naruta itukignem surah

paites anam id niam naruta nakirebmem suksaK ,ini lah malaD .ada gnay niam

resuksaK akij nial atoggna adapek isatuper irebmem asib ihunemem hadus

0001 tegrat .gnitsop akiteK resuksaK 0001 tegrat ihunemem ahasureb gnitsop

tegrat iapacnem haleteS .0002 OSI rajegnem natubes nagned lanekid ini

akam ,tubesret resuksaK .nial atoggna adapek isatuper adnat nakirebmem asib

isid kurub isatupeR harem atab kaynab nikames ,harem atab iagabes naklobm

isatuper kurub nikames naka resuksaK kiab isatuper ,nakgnadeS .tubesret

halitsi nagned lanekid gnay uajih atab nagned naklobmisid lodnec .

halitsi nagned aguj lanekid suksaK - halitsI .kinu gnay aynhalitsi ini

aratna nilajret gnay natakedek kutnu siske resuksaK nagned aynutnet nad ,

raneb gnaroeses awhab nakkujnunem asib ini halitsi nakanuggnem isuksidreb

iagabes resuksaK halitsi halada aynhotnoC .itajes ,domom ,xamatrep ,nagaruj

lodnec taaS .ayniagabes nad , isuksid murof haubes idajnem suksaK ,ini enilno

ianegnem tenretnI axelA nakrapapid ini laH .aisenodnI id ada gnay rasebret

aisenodnI ni setis pot anam id ,mane ek naturu id suksaK naktapmenem gnay


45

sid murof halnakub amil ek aggnih amatrep gnay naturu adap ni setis poT( isuk

nakkopmolekid gnay suksaK id nakisuksidid kipot iagabreB .)0102 ,aisenodnI

utiay murof irogetak aparebeb idajnem egnuoL ,kitilop nad atireb , ,seivoM

sekoJ , cisuM ,fitomotO ,stropS ,retupmoC nad )BJF( ileB lauJ muroF ,

.ayniagabes

.B moc.suksaK rutiF

.1 yaPsaK

gnay suksaK sutis irad urabret nanayal haubes nakapurem yaPsaK

.yaPsaK tubesid gnay enilno araces narayabmep metsis nakaideynem

.2 oidaR suksaK

id aisenodnI tenretnI oidaR haubes nakapurem oidaR suksaK

aK satinumok nagnuan hawab RK takgnisid asaib gnay oidaR suksaK .suks

42 amales ugal nakratumem gnay oidaR .raiynep 02 irad hibel ikilimem

,gnapeJ ,niradnaM ,sirggnI asahab iagabreb irad nakratumem aguj ini maj

.igal kaynab hisam nad aeroK

.3 eliboM suksaK

sutis halada elibom suksaK aynnalipmat habuid hadus gnay suksaK

nopelet takgnarep rayal nagned iauses aggnihes silaminim idajnem

.aynnial

.4 renroC suksaK

suksaK anuggnep anam id tapmet murof halada renroC suksaK

neve ianegnem ofni naktapadnem tapad - isos itkab itrepes utnetret neve ,la


55

anuggnep uata suksaK helo nakaraggnelesid gnay ranimes uata ,gnirehtag

.natukgnasreb gnay ratfadret

.5 saC - suC_siC

saC - siC - tapad suksaK anuggnep anam id tapmet murof halada suC

,mumu atireb ,kitilop halasam sabeb kipot iagabreb ianegnem aracibreb

uata .idabirp namalagnep nakaracibmem radekes aynah

.6 eoL - eK - eoL

eoL - eK - tapad suksaK anuggnep anam id tapmet murof halada eoL

ayag ,iboh itrepes ,susuhk kipot ianegnem sahabmem nad nakumenem

eoL “ irad itra ,haifrah araceS .iakus akerem gnay apa nad ,pudih - eK - ”eoL

.”adna kutnu ,adna irad“ halada

.7 lanoigeR

suksaK anuggnep anam id tapmet murof nakapurem lanoigeR

anuggnep nagned nial amas utas lupmukreb nad isakinumokreb tapad

reb hisam gnay aynnial suksaK - :aynlasim ,amas gnay hayaliw id ilisimod

aporE ,akiremA .aisA ,ASU ,aisenodnI ,

.8 ileB lauJ muroF

tapad suksaK anuggnep anam id murof halada ileB lauJ muroF

gnay ganaraB .naknigniid gnay gnarab utaus ilebmem nup uata laujnem

agrahes gnolbo soak irad ialum ,magareb tagnas ini murof id laujid

iapmas 00,000.05pR agrahes nagned hanat nakilimepek kah nagned

.00,000.000.000.062pR


65

V BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA

nad nednopser kitsiretkarak gnatnet ispirksed nakijasid ini bab adaP

:itupilem sahabid gnay nednopser kitsiretkaraK .naitilenep atad fitatitnauk sisilana

nakukalem hadus ilak apareb nad ,nalisahgnep uata ukas gnau ,aisu ,nimalek sinej

iskasnart pohs enilno . nad satidilaV( nemurtsni iju sata iridret fitatitnauk sisilanA

iju ,adnagreB reiniL isergeR sisilanA ,kisalK ismusA ijU ,)tnemurtsni satilibaileR

,F nad satilauk itupilem gnay sabeb lebairav huragnep ijugnem ini naitileneP .t iju

X( 1 X( agrah nad ) 2 gned ) ileb tanim utiay takiret lebairav na gnalu nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu pohs enilno .)Y( nagned nakukalid atad nahalogneP

( kanul takgnarep nakanuggnem erawtfos ( SSPS ) ecivreS dna tcudorP lacitsitatS

noituloS 0.71 ) swodniW rof ( noisreV noitaulavE nad ) lecxE eciffO tfosorciM

7002‘ .

.A nemurtsnI naijugneP

utas nakapurem naaynatrep ratfad ini naitilenep malaD - tala aynutas

naikimed nagned ,nednopser irad atad helorepmem kutnu nakanugid gnay

utnu ruku tala iagabes nakanugid tubesret naaynatrep ratfad nakutnenem k

aynhunepes ini naitilenep lisah nakbabesid ini laH .ini naitilenep lisah satilauk

.helorepid gnay atad satilauk adap upmutreb

lawa pahat adap ,nednopser gnaro 002 kaynabes lepmas halmuj iraD

renoiseuk aboc iju kutnu libmaid nednopser gnaro 05 iju nakukalid naidumeK .


75

dilav nakataynid tubesret iju audek lisah haleteS .satilibailer iju nad satidilav

urab ayntujnales ,renoiseuk malad naaynatrep ritub aumes kutnu lebailer nad

ednopser halmuj nahurulesek araces ,idaJ .nednopser gnaro 051 nakhabmatid n

gnay ,nednopser gnaro 002 halada ini naitilenep malad lepmas iagabes

hanrep hadus gnay nemusnok arap utiay aynhuggnuses lepmas nakapurem

iskasnart nakukalem .pohs enilno

.1 satidilaV ijU lisaH

nakukalid satidilav ijU roks ratna isalerok gnutihgnem nagned

gnisam - halada latot rokS .latot roks nagned naaynatrep ritub gnisam

nagned nakukalid naijugneP .meti nahurulesek irad nahalmujnep

isalerok kinket nakanuggnem ,tnemoM tcudorP nosraeP nautnab nagned

SPS retupmok margorp alib halada nakanugid gnay airetirK .0.71 isrev S

r ialin irad raseb hibel latot meti isalerok neisifeok ialin lebat meti akam ,

.dilav nakataynid tapad natukgnasreb gnay

d helorepid tapad ,05 halmujreb gnay nednopser kutnU sabeb tajare

N rasebes )fd( - ( 2 05 – 84 = 2 ,)isis aud( %5 ahpla ialin nad 84 = fd kutnU .)

r helorepid lebat ,)isis utas( %1 ahpla ialin kutnu nad 872,0 rasebes

r ialin helorepid lebat r ialiN .493,0 rasebes lebat nakanugid ayntujnales ini

meti satidilav airetirk kutnu - nU .renoisiuk meti .dilav nakataynid tapad kut

uata )%5 ahpla( 872,0 irad raseb hibel surah latot meti isalerok neisifeoK

)%1 ahpla( 493,0 irad raseb hibel .


85

1.V lebaT naitileneP nemurtsnI satidilaV ijU lisaH

lebairaV r meti - latot r lebat sutatS

)1X( satilauK 1K **987,0 493,0 dilaV 2K **008,0 493,0 dilaV 3K **086,0 493,0 dilaV 4K **596,0 493,0 dilaV 5K **836,0 493,0 dilaV 6K **626,0 493,0 dilaV 7K **508,0 493,0 dilaV

)2X( agraH 1H **028,0 493,0 dilaV 2H **988,0 493,0 dilaV 3H **437 ,0 493,0 dilaV

ileB taniM gnalu )Y( 1BM **767,0 493,0 dilaV 2BM **967,0 493,0 dilaV 3BM **286,0 493,0 dilaV 4BM **118,0 493,0 dilaV 5BM **457,0 493,0 dilaV

.2102 ,haloid remirP ataD : rebmuS

meti aumes awhab naklupmisid tapad sata id lebat iraD - meti

r ialin ikilimem meti aumes anerak dilav nakataynid naitilenep nemurtsni

meti - latot r irad raseb hibel gnay lebat , nupuam )*( %5 ahpla farat nagned kiab

.)**( %1

.2 satilibaileR ijU lisaH

nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid nemurtsni satilibailer naijugneP

kinket ahplA s’hcabnorC farat adap nakukalid isnakifingis ijU .

ialin alib lebailer nakatakid tapad nemurtsni aynitra ,50,0 isnakifingis

r irad raseb hibel ahplA sitirk tnemom tcudorp asib uatA . nakanuggnem

eM .06,0 itrepes utnetret nasatab :8002 ,ontayirP( narakeS turun ,)62


95

tapad 7,0 nakgnades ,kiab gnaruk halada 6,0 irad gnaruk satilibailer

.kiab halada 8,0 sata id nad amiretid

meti akam aynsatidilav ijuid haleteS - nakkusamid dilav gnay meti

.ijuid kadit uata nakgnalihid dilav kadit gnay nad satilibailer iju malad ek

ek ijuid tapad ayntujnales akam dilav nakataynid meti aumes aneraK

.satilibailer iju malad

ilibailer sisilana lisaH airetirk adap nakrasadid gnay ,nemurtsni sat

ahplA s’hcabnorC :ini tukireb 2.V lebaT malad nakijasid

2.V lebaT naitileneP nemurtsnI satilibaileR ijU lisaH

lebairaV neisifeoKahplA sutatS

ileB taniM gnalU )Y( 497,0 lebaileR )1X( satilauK 977,0 lebaileR

)2X( agraH 338,0 lebaileR .2102 ,haloid remirP ataD : rebmuS

irad ahplA ialin tapadid sata id sisilana lisah iraD lebairav aumes

gnalu ileb tanim utiay X( satilauk ,497,0 rasebes )Y( 1 nad ,977,0 rasebes )

X( satilauk 2 nemurtsni pait awhab nakkujnunem inI .338,0 rasebes )

,lebailer nakataynid nad tarays ihunemem gnay satilibailer ialin ikilimem

ialin anerak ahplA s’hcabnorC .872,0 sata id adareb

.B nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

etkarak gnatnet narabmag helorepmem kutnU gnay nednopser kitsir

kitsitats nagnutihrep iulalem atad padahret nahalognep nakukalid ,itiletid

: nakrasadreb nakisakifisalkid ini nednopser atad sisilanA .fitpirksed


06

.1 nednopseR nimaleK sineJ

ini naitilenep malad nednopser ,nimalek sinej nakrasadreB

ikal idajnem nakadebid - atad sisilana lisaH .naupmerep nad ikal

: tukireb 3.V lebat adap nakkujnutid tapad nimalek sinej nakrasadreb

3.V lebaT nimaleK sineJ nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

ineJ nimaleK s halmuJ esatnesreP

ikaL - ikal 77 % 5,83 naupmereP 321 % 5,16

latoT 002 %001 2102 ,haloid remirP ataD : rebmuS

rasadreB raseb naigabes awhab tahilid tapad sata id 3.V lebat nak

uata nednopser 321 kaynabes utiay naupmerep nimalek sinejreb nednopser

%5,83 rasebes uata nednopser 77 rasebes aynasis nad %5,16 rasebes

ikal halada - iskasnart nakukaleM .ikal pohs enilno kaynabek a d n nakukali

nerak naupmerep helo iboh nagned kitnedi naupmerep a ajnalebreb

ajnaleb amaturet noihsaf ulales gnay .etad ot pu

.2 nednopseR aisU

aisU rumu natakgnit amil malad ek nakkopmolekid nednopser

iapmas nuhat 41 utiay 12 iapmas nuhat 81 ,nuhat 71 nuhat 22 ,nuhat

.nuhat 03 irad hibel nad ,nuhat 92 iapmas nuhat 62 ,nuhat 52 ipamas


16

4.V lebaT aisU nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

aisU halmuJ esatnesreP

nuhat 81 - nuhat 12 38 % 5,14 nuhat 22 - nuhat 52 901 % 5,45 nuhat 62 - nuhat 92 7 % 5,3

nuhat 33 1 % 5,0 latoT 002 %001

2102 ,haloid remirP ataD : rebmuS

nednopser awhab tahilid tapad sata id 4.V lebaT nakrasadreB

nuhat 22 rumu kopmolek helo isanimodid – )% 5,45( 901 utiay ,nuhat 52

rumu kopmolek helo lususid naidumek ,nednopser nuhat 81 – nuhat 12

nednopser )% 5,14( 38 utiay nuhat 62 , – )% 5,3( 7 utiay nuhat 92

irad tahilid akiJ .)% 5,0( 1 utiay nuhat 03 irad hibel nad nednopser

nuhat 22 rumu adap rasebret esatnesrep akam aisu natakgnit – nuhat 52

misid tapad aggnihes % 5,45 rasebes utiay gnay nemusnok naklup

atar pohs enilno iskasnart nakukalem - nuhat 22 aisu adap atar – .nuhat 52

.3 nednopseR nalisahgneP uata ukas gnaU

atar nalisahgnep uata ukas gnau raseb nakrasadreB - ,nalubrep atar

pes ,kopmolek amil idajnem nakkopmolekid tapad nednopser gnay itre

: ini tukireb 5.V lebaT adap mutnacret


26

5.V lebaT nednopseR nalubreP nalisahgneP nakrasadreB nednopseR kitsiretkaraK

ataR nalisahgneP uata ukas gnaU - ataR

nalubreP halmuJ esatnesreP

,000.005 .pR < - 23 % 0,61 00,000.999.pR d/s 00,000.005.pR 27 % 0,63

00,000.994.1.pR d/s 00,000.000.1.pR 36 % 5,13 00,000.000.2.pR d/s 00,000.005.1.pR 91 % 5,9

00,000.000.2.pR > 41 % 0,7 latoT 002 %001

muS 2102 haloid remirp atad reb

nednopser awhab tahilid tapad sata id 5.V lebat nakrasadreB

alisahgnep uata ukas gnau kopmolek helo isanimodid atar n - nalubrep atar

.pR rasebes )%0,63( 27 rasebes utiay 00,000.999 pR d/s 00,000.005

nalisahgnep uata ukas gnau kopmolek helo lususid ,nednopser pR .

helo lususid ,nednopser )%5,13( 36 utiay 00,000.994.1 d/s 00,000.000.1

00,000.005 pR irad gnaruk nalubes nalisahgnep uata ukas gnau kopmolek

uata ukas gnau kopmolek naidumek ,nednopser )%0,61( 23 utiay

pR nalubes nalisahgnep . .000.2 d/s 00,000.005.1 000 ,9( 91 utiay 00, )%5

irad hibel gnay nalisahgnep uata ukas gnau kopmolek rihkaret gnay nad

pR . 000.000.2 00, nagned nednopser sata id atad iraD .)%0,7( 41 utiay

000.000.1 pR hawabid nalubrep nalisahgnep uata ukas gnau 00,

kasnart nakukalem gnay isanimodnem is pohs enilno esatnesrep nagned

kudorp awhab itrareb ini lah %0,63 rasebes noihsaf pohs enilno kadit

.nednopser helo ilebid kutnu uakgnajret anerak laham


36

.4 iskasnarT nakukaleM pohS enilnO

iskasnart nakukalem halmuj nakrasadreB pohs enilno nednopser

iskasnart nakukalem utiay aud idajnem nakkopmolekid tapad pohs enilno

6.V lebat adap mutnacret gnay itrepes ,ilak utas irad hibel nad ilak utas

:ini tukireb

6.V lebaT iskasnarT nakukaleM pohS enilnO

iskasnarT nakukaleM pohS enilnO halmuJ esatnesreP

ilaK 1 07 % 5,83 ilak 1 > 031 % 5,16

latoT 002 %001 2102 ,haloid remirP ataD : rebmuS

nednopser awhab tahilid tapad sata id 6.V lebat nakrasadreB

iskasnart nakukalem pohs enilno )%5,16( 031 utiay ilak 1 irad hibel

nakukalem ilak 1 utiay nednopser )%5,83 ( 07 rasebes aynasiS .nednopser

iskasnart pohs enilno .


46

.C naitileneP lebairaV ispirkseD

.1 satilauK kudorP

.a naiauseseK

7 .V lebaT satilauK rokS isubirtsiD kudorP

naiuseseK nakarasadreB

oNnaaynatreP

naaynatreP nabawaJ rokS

halmuJ 5 rokSSS

4 rokSS

3 rokSN

2 rokSST

1 rokSSTS

1 2 63 05 001 21 002 2 4 04 74 98 02 002 3 3 13 75 19 81 002 4 2 52 36 88 22 002

latoT 11 231 712 863 27 008 % 1 71 72 64 9 001

2102 haloid remirp ataD :rebmuS

malad kudorp naiausesek nakrasadreb satilauk lebairaV

utiay ,1 iapmas 5 roks nagned naaynatrep 4 tapadaret ini naitilenep

iauses kadit tagnas nagned iapmas 5 roks nagned )SS( iauses tagnas

reB .1 roks nagned )STS( 7.V lebat malad nakijasid gnay atad nakrasad

gnay naaynatrep 4 bawajnem gnay nednopser 002 irad awhab kapmat

11 :tukireb iagabes isubirtsidret gnay nabawaj 008 helorepid nakujaid

nabawaj 712 ,iauses )%71( nabawaj 231 ,iauses tagnas )%1( nabawaj

arten )%72( )%9( nabawaj 27 nad ,ujutes kadit )%64( nabawaj 863 ,l

ujutes kadit tagnas .

adap kaynabret )S( iauses nad )SS( iauses tagnas nabawaJ

rabmag id tahilid gnay kudorp ledom gnatnet utiay 2 on naaynatrep


56

adap kaynabet larten nabawaj kutnU .aynaataynek nagned iauses

kudorp gnatnet utiay 4 on naaynatrep pohs enilno areles nagned iauses

r adap kaynabret )ST( ujutes kadit nabawaj kutnU .nednopse

nagned iauses kadit kudorp nahab gnatnet utiay 1 on naaynatrep

)STS( ujutes kadit tagnas nabawaj kutnU .nakirebid gnay isamrofni

kudorp ianegnem utiay 4 on naaynatrep adap kaynabret pohs enilno

gnay .nednopser areles nagned iauses kadit

.b nanahateK

8.V lebaT satilauK rokS isubirtsiD kudorP

nanahateK nakarasadreB

oNnaaynatreP

rokS naaynatreP nabawaJ

halmuJ 5 rokS

LS 4 rokS

L 3 rokS

N 2 rokS

LT 1 rokS

LTS

5 3 03 801 45 5 002 latoT 3 03 801 45 5 002

% 5.1 51 45 72 5.2 001 2102 halaoid remirp atad rebmuS

malad kudorp nanahatek nakrasadreb satilauk lebairaV

utiay ,1 iapmas 5 roks nagned naaynatrep 1 tapadaret ini naitilenep

amal kadit tagnas nagned iapmas 5 roks nagned )LS( amal tagnas

8.V lebat malad nakijasid gnay atad nakrasadreB .1 roks nagned )LTS(

mat gnay naaynatrep 4 bawajnem gnay nednopser 002 irad awhab kap

3 :tukireb iagabes isubirtsidret gnay nabawaj 002 helorepid nakujaid

nabawaj 801 ,amal )%51( nabawaj 03 ,amal tagnas )%5,1( nabawaj


66

)%5,2( nabawaj 5 nad ,amal kadit )%72( nabawaj 45 ,larten )%45(

.amal kadit tagnas

.c nakiratreteK


nakiratreteK nakarasadreB

oNnaaynatreP


halmuJ 5 rokS

MS 4 rokS

M 3 rokS

N 2 rokS

MT 1 rokS

MTS

6 0 7 25 811 32 002 latoT 0 7 25 811 32 002

% 0 5.3 62 95 5.11 001 2102 haloid remirp ataD :rebmuS

nakiratretek nakrasadreb satilauk lebairaV malad kudorp

ret ini naitilenep utiay ,1 iapmas 5 roks nagned naaynatrep 1 tapad

nagned iapmas 5 roks nagned )MS( kiranem tagnas kadit tagnas

malad nakijasid gnay atad nakrasadreB .1 roks nagned )MTS( kiranem

1 bawajnem gnay nednopser 002 irad awhab kapmat 9.V lebat

isubirtsidret gnay nabawaj 002 helorepid nakujaid gnay naaynatrep

j 7 ,kiranem tagnas )%0( nabawaj 0 :tukireb iagabes )%5,3( nabawa

,kiranem kadit )%95( nabawaj 811 ,larten )%62( nabawaj 25 ,kiranem

bawaj 32 nad .kiranem kadit tagnas )%5,11( na


76

.d satilauK aynmulebeS ispesreP nagneD amaS kudorP


aynmulebeS ispesreP nakarasadreB

oNnaaynatreP


halmuJ 5 rokS

SS 4 rokS

S 3 rokS

N 2 rokS

ST 1 rokS

STS

7 4 95 95 37 5 002 latoT 4 95 95 37 5 002

% 2 5.92 5.92 5.63 5.2 001 2102 haloid remirp ataD :rebmuS

ebairaV aynmulebes nemusnok ispesrep nakrasadreb satilauk l

ret ini naitilenep malad iapmas 5 roks nagned naaynatrep 1 tapad ,1

amas kadit tagnas nagned iapmas 5 roks nagned )SS( amas tagnas utiay

lebat malad nakijasid gnay atad nakrasadreB .1 roks nagned )MTS(

naaynatrep 1 bawajnem gnay nednopser 002 irad awhab kapmat 01.V

isubirtsidret gnay nabawaj 002 helorepid nakujaid gnay iagabes

95 ,amas )%5,92( nabawaj 95 ,amas tagnas )%2( nabawaj 4 :tukireb

5 nad ,amas kadit )%5,63( nabawaj 37 ,larten )%5,5,92( nabawaj

.amas kadit tagnas )%5,2( nabawaj


86

.2 agraH kudorP

11.V lebaT agraH rokS isubirtsiD kudorP

oNnaaynatreP


halmuJ 5 rokSMS

4 rokSM

3 rokSS

2 rokSrM

1 rokSrMS

1 1 92 321 04 7 002 2 3 6 88 78 61 002 3 3 6 411 07 7 002

latoT 7 14 523 791 03 006 % 1 7 45 33 5 001


h lebairaV 3 tapadaret ini naitilenep malad nakrasadreb agra

roks nagned )MS( laham tagnas utiay ,1 iapmas 5 roks nagned naaynatrep

atad nakrasadreB .1 roks nagned )rMS( harum tagnas nagned iapmas 5

gnay nednopser 002 irad awhab kapmat 11.V lebat malad nakijasid gnay

gnay nabawaj 006 helorepid nakujaid gnay naaynatrep 3 bawajnem

nabawaj 14 ,laham tagnas )%1( nabawaj 7 :tukireb iagabes isubirtsidret

nad ,harum )%33( nabawaj 791 ,gnades )%45( nabawaj 523 ,laham )%7(

.harum tagnas )%5( nabawaj 03

( laham tagnas nabawaJ )rMS( harum tagnas ,)rM( harum ,)MS

kudorp agrah utiay 2 on naaynatrep adap tapadret kaynabret enilno noihsaf

pohs nad )M( laham nabawaj kutnU .mirik sokgno nagned habmatid

kudorp agrah utiay 1 on naaynatrep adaptapadret )S( gnades id noihsaf

enilno pohs nagned nakgnidnabid suksak pohs enilno .aynnial


96

.3 ileB taniM gnalU nemusnoK iskasnarT nakukaleM kutnU enilnO

pohS

21.V lebaT ileB taniM rokS isubirtsiD

oNnaaynatreP


halmuJ 5 rokS

BS 4 rokS

B 3 rokS

N 2 rokS

BT 1 rokS

BTS

1 1 31 66 211 8 002 2 3 14 15 89 7 002 3 2 43 37 38 8 002 4 2 02 37 89 7 002 5 2 42 27 88 41 002

latoT 01 231 533 974 44 0001 % 1 31 43 84 4 001


ileb tanim lebairaV gnlau enep malad nakrasadreb tapadret ini naitil

nagned )BS( tanimreb tagnas utiay ,1 iapmas 5 roks nagned naaynatrep 5

.1 roks nagned )BTS( tanimreb kadit tagnas nagned iapmas 5 roks

002 irad awhab kapmat 21.V lebat malad nakijasid gnay atad nakrasadreB

trep 5 bawajnem gnay nednopser 0001 helorepid nakujaid gnay naayna

tagnas )%1( nabawaj 01 :tukireb iagabes isubirtsidret gnay nabawaj

974 ,larten )%43( nabawaj 533 ,tanimreb )%31( nabawaj 231 ,tanimreb

kadit tagnas )%4( nabawaj 44 nad ,tanimreb kadit )%84( nabawaj

.tanimreb

nas nabawaJ adap kaynabret )B( tanimreb ,)BS( tanimreb tag

id nakrawatid gnay noihsaf kudorp agrah akiJ utiay 2 on naaynatrep enilno

pohs tanimreb patet naka hakapa ayniakuynem nednopser ipatet laham


70

nad 3 naaynatrep adap kaynab )N( larten nabawaj kutnU .ilebmem kutnu 4

ada akiJ utiay pohs enilno sinejes gnay kudorp nakrawanem gnay nial

kutnu tanimreb adna hakapa ,amas gnay agrah nad satilauk nagned

id ilebmem pohs enilno helo nakispesrepid halet gnay itrepes nad tubesret

pa ,kudorp agrah nad satilauk ianegnem nemusnok nemusnok haka

kudorp ilebmem kutnu tanimreb noihsaf id pohs enilno nabawaj kutnU .

hakapa utiay 5 on naaynatrep adap tapadret )BTS( tanimreb kadit tagnas

uata ilebmem kutnu tanimreb patet naka nemusnok irah naidumekid


.D A ataD sisilan

.1 halasaM amatreP

.a ispesreP kudorP satilauK padahreT nemusnoK noihsaF pohS enilnO

kudorp satilauk padahret nemusnok ispesreP noihsaf enilno

pohs :gnutihgnem nagneD .naaynatrep ritub 7 nagned rukuid

lamiskam rokS 53 = )7x5( =

laminim rokS 7 = )7x1( =

salek aynkaynaB 5 =

X > X i BS 5,1 + i

Xi )7+53( ½ =

12 =

BS i 53( 6/1 = - )7

)5( 76,4 =


17

)1( 5. 5,1 + 12 > X

5,7 + 12 > X

kiaB tagnaS = 82 > X

)2( Xi BS 5,0 + i X < ≤ X i BS 5,0 + i

5 . 5,0 + 12 X < ≤ 5 . 5,1 + 12

X < 5,32 ≤ kiaB = 82

)3( Xi - BS 5,0 i X < ≤ X i BS 5,0 + i

12 – X < 5 . 5,0 ≤ 5 5,0 + 12

X < 5,81 ≤ larteN = 5,32

)4( Xi - BS 5,0 i X < ≤ X i - BS 5,0 i

12 – X < 5 . 5,1 ≤ 12 - 5 . 5,0

X < 5,31 ≤ kiaB kadiT = 8,81

)5( X ≤ Xi – 5 . 5,1

X ≤ kiaB kadiT tagnaS = 5,31

31.V lebaT nemusnoK ispesreP isubirtsiD

kudorP satilauK padahreT pohS enilnO noihsaF

lavretnI ispesreP halmuJ esatnesreP

5,82 > X kiaB tagnaS 02 01 X < 5,32 ≤ 5,82 kiaB 78 5,34 X < 5,81 ≤ 5,32 larteN 17 5,53 X < 5,31 ≤ 5,81 kiaB kadiT 02 01

X ≤ 5,31 kiaB kadiT tagnaS 2 1 halmuJ 002 001


27

002 halmuj nagned nednopser ,sataid 31.V lebat nakrasadreB

nemusnok iagabes gnaro pohs enilno raseb naigabes ispesrepreb awhab

kudorp satilauk noihsaf pohs enilno alada uata 78 kaynabes kiab h

gnay nemusnok nakgnades ,%3,34 ispesrepreb 02 kaynabes kiab kadit

%01 uata

.b ispesreP kudorP agraH padahreT nemusnoK noihsaF pohS enilnO

kudorp agrah padahret nemusnok ispesreP noihsaf pohs enilno

naaynatrep ritub 3 nagned rukuid :gnutihgnem nagneD .

lamiskam rokS 51 = )3x5( =

laminim rokS 3 = )3x1( =

X > X i BS 5,1 + i

X i )3+51( ½ =

9 =

BS i 51( 6/1 = - )3

2 =

)1( 2. 5,1 + 9 > X

3 + 9 > X

laham tgnaS = 21 > X

)2( Xi BS 5,0 + i X < ≤ X i BS 5,0 + i

2 . 5,0 + 9 X < ≤ 2 . 5,1 + 9

X < 01 ≤ lahaM = 21

)3( Xi - BS 5,0 i X < ≤ X i BS 5,0 + i

9 – X < 2 . 5,0 ≤ 5,0 + 9


37

X < 8 ≤ radnatS = 01

)4( Xi - BS 5,0 i X < ≤ X i - BS 5,0 i

9 – X < 2 . 5,1 ≤ 9 - 2 . 5,0

X < 6 ≤ haruM = 8

)5( X ≤ Xi – BS . 5,1 i

X ≤ 9 – 2 . 5,1

X ≤ agnaS = 5,31 haruM t

41.V lebaT nemusnoK ispesreP isubirtsiD

kudorP agraH padahreT pohS enilnO noihsaF

lavretnI ispesreP halmuJ esatnesreP

21 > X lahaM tagnaS 61 8 X < 01 ≤ 21 lahaM 16 5,03

X < 8 ≤ 01 radnatS 601 35 X < 6 ≤ 8 haruM 41 7

X ≤ 6 haruM tagnaS 3 5,1 halmuJ 002 001

002 halmuj nagned nednopser ,sataid 41.V lebat nakrasadreB

nemusnok iagabes gnaro pohs enilno ispesrepreb raseb naigabes

noihsaf kudorp agrah awhab pohs enilno halada radnats 601 kaynabes

,%35 uata nagned nakgnidnabid akij pohs enilno nakgnades aynnial

.%5,1 uata 3 kaynabes harum tagnas ispesrepreb gnay nemusnok


47

.E kisalK ismusA naijugneP

:7002( otoynuS turuneM 98 – halada kiab gnay iserger naamasrep ,)501

ismusa ihunemem gnay naamasrep - ajret kadit :tukireb iagabes ismusa id

lamron isubirtsidreb atad ,satisitsadeksoreteh idajret kadit ,satireinilokitlum .

naitilenep malad ledom akam sata id otoynuS tapadnep nakrasadreB

kadit uata ihunemem tubesret iserger naamasrep anam huajes tahilid naka ini

ismusa ihunemem - .ismusa

.1 saH satireinilokitluM kisalK ismusA ijU li

51.V lebaT satireinilokitluM kisalK ismusA ijU lisaH

lebairaV scitsitatS ytiraenilloC

ecnareloT FIV satilauK 899,0 200,1

agraH 899,0 200,1 2102 ,haloid remirP ataD : rebmuS

molok malaD scitsitatS ytiraenilloC FIV ialin awhab tahilid tapad ,

( ecnairav rotcaf noitalfni = satilauk utiay ,sabeb lebairav napaledek kutnu )

,5 irad licek hibel sabeb lebairav FIV ialin audeK .200,1 = agrah nad 200,1

dni( sabeb lebairav ratna awhab nakkujnunem gnay idajret kadit )nednepe

satiraenilokitlum nalaosrep .


57

.2 satisitsadeksoreteH kisalK ismusA ijU lisaH

.V rabmaG 1

2102 remirp ataD :rebmuS

rabmag( atad nahalognep lisah nakrasadreB tolprettacS )

0.71 SSPS nakanuggnem )noisreV noitaulavE( swodniW roF naktapadid

kitit - iaynupmem kadit nad ,Y ubmus sata id nad hawab id rabeynem kitit

idajret kadit sabeb lebairav aynnalupmisek idaj ,rutaret gnay alop

stisitsadeksomoh tafisreb uata satisitsadeksoreteh .


67

.3 satilamroN kisalK ismusA ijU lisaH

.V rabmaG 2

2102 haloid remirP ataD :rebmuS


77

0.71 SSPS nakanuggnem atad nahalognep lisah iraD swodniW roF

)noisreV noitaulavE( sirag nakkujnunem gnay margotsih kifarg helorepid

naikimeD .lamron isubirtsidreb itiletid gnay atad itrareb ,lamron avruk

irad aguj stolp ytilibaborp lamron aguj lamron isubirtsidreb nakkujnunem

kitit( sirag anerak - pad idaJ .lanogaid sirag itukignem )kitit naklupmisid ta

.lamron isubirtsidreb takiret lebairav nad sabeb lebairav atad awhab

.F adnagreB raeniL isergeR sisilanA lisaH

lebairav aratna nagnubuh hara iuhategnem kutnu ini sisilanA

nednepedni lebairav hakapa nedneped lebairav nagned nednepedni

uhreb lebairav irad ialin nakiskiderpmem kutnu nad fitagen uata fitisop nagnub

uata nakianek imalagnem nednepedni lebairav ialin alibapa nedneped

.nanurunep

nad nakukalid )kisalk ismusa nagnapmiynep iju( taraysarp iju haleteS

naijugnep akam nataraysrep ihunemem tapad adnagreb raenil iserger

:tukireb iagabes adnagreb raenil iserger tuptuo helorepiD .nakukalid

61.V lebaT stneiciffeoC a

ledoM dezidradnatsnU

stneiciffeoC dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC t .giS B rorrE .dtS ateB

1 )tnatsnoC( 601.8 894.1 214.5 000. ilauK sat 763. 340. 025. 935.8 000. agraH 320. 401. 310. 812. 828. D :rebmuS 2102 haloid remirp ata


87

: tukireb iagabes ayniserger naamasreP

b + a = 'Y 1X1 b + 2X2

X) 763,0( + 601,8 = ’Y 1 X )320,0( + 2

X763,0 + 601,8 = ’Y 1 X 320,0 + 2

:tukireb iagabes naksalejid tapad tubesret iserger aamasreP

’Y ileb taniM = gnalu rt nakukalem kutnu iskasna pohs enilno

X 1 X nad 2 kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilauK =

a )601,8 ( atnatsnoK =

b b( iserger neisifeok = 1 b nad 2)

b1 )763,0( kudorp satilauk iserger neisifeok =

b 2 ( kudorp iserger neisifeok = )320,0

amasreb naupmamek iuhategnem kutnu sisetopih naijugneP - amas

sabeb lebairav paites hakapa utiay ,takiret lebairav naksalejnem sabeb lebairav

kutnU .t iju nagned nakukalid ,ayntakiret lebairav padahret huragnepreb

b araces upmam sabeb lebairav hakapa tahilem amasre - naksalejnem amas

.F iju uata nahurulesek iju nagned nakukalid ,takiret lebairav ukal hakgnit

.1 t ijU nagned laisraP huragneP isnakifingiS naijugneP

71.V lebaT stneiciffeoC a

ledoM dezidradnatsnU

stneiciffeoC dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC t .giS B rorrE .dtS ateB

1 )tnatsnoC( 601.8 894.1 214.5 000. ilauK sat 763. 340. 025. 935.8 000. agraH 320. 401. 310. 812. 828.


97

ijU X( sabeb lebairav hakapa iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid ini 1 X , 2 )

.)’Y( takiret lebairav padahret nakifingis araces huragnepreb laisrap araces

hakapa iuhategnem tapad adnagreb raenil iserger sisilana nahalognep lisaH

X( satilauk 1 X( agrah nad ) 2 aisrap araces ) ileb tanim ihuragnepmem l gnalu

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno tahilem nagned ,)’Y(

hakgnal - :tukireb iagabes hakgnal

.a X( kudorp satilauk lebairav iserger neisifeok naijugneP 1 padahret )

ileb tanim gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno

)’Y(

)1 :sisetopih nusuyneM

Ho : k ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP kudorp satilau adap

pohs enilno kadit nakifingis huragnepreb padahret

gnalu ileb tanim iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok

pohs enilno .

Ha : k ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP kudorp satilau adap

pohs enilno nakifingis huragnepreb tanim padahret

gnalu ileb iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok enilno

pohs .

)2 sisetopih kalonem uata amirenem naksutumeM

t ialiN lebat n )fd( nasabebek tajared nagned iuhatekid tapad -k- = 1

002 -2- t helorepid akam %5 = a adap 791 = 1 lebat = 356,1 . t ialiN

gnutih = ,8 935 t > lebat = 356,1 P uata - ,0 eulav H akam ,50,0 < 000 o

H nad kalotid a aynitra ,amiretid ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep


08

atilauk kudorp s adap pohs enilno nakifingis huragnepreb padahret

gnalu ileb tanim iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno .

satilauk padahret nemusnok ispesrep iggnit nikames itrareb ini laH

ileb tanim iggnit nikames akam ,kudorp gnalu kutnu nemusnok


.b X( kudorp agrah lebairav iserger neisifeok naijugneP 2 tanim padahret )

ileb gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno )’Y(

)1 :sisetopih nusuyneM

Ho : ah ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP kudorp agr adap

pohs enilno kadit nakifingis huragnepreb padahret

gnalu ileb tanim iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok

pohs enilno .

Ha : h ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP kudorp agra adap

pohs enilno nakifingis huragnepreb tanim padahret

gnalu ileb nakukalem kutnu nemusnok iskasnart enilno

pohs .

)2 sisetopih kalonem uata amirenem naksutumeM

t ialiN lebat n )fd( nasabebek tajared nagned iuhatekid tapad -k- = 1

002 -2- t helorepid akam %5 = a adap 791 = 1 lebat = 356,1 t ialiN .

gnutih = ,0 812 < t lebat = 356,1 P uata - ,0 eulav ,50,0 > 828 H akam o

H nad amiretid a aynitra ,kalotid kudorp agrah adap pohs enilno

kadit nakifingis huragnepreb ileb tanim padahret gnalu nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu pohs enilno .


18

.2 amasreB araceS ijU - )F ijU( amaS

hategnem kutnu nakanugid ini ijU nednepedni lebairav hakapa iu

k( amasreb araces )kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilau - huragnepreb amas

ileb tanim( nedneped lebairav padahret nakifingis araces gnalu nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu pohs enilno iserger sisilana tuptuo lisah iraD .

hatekid tapad :tukireb iagabes F ialin iu

81.V lebaT F ijU lisaH

AVONA b

ledoM fo muSserauqS df erauqS naeM F .giS

1 noissergeR 548.374 2 329.632 364.63 000. a laudiseR 030.0821 791 894.6

latoT 578.3571 991 .a satilauK ,agraH ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .b ileB taniM :elbairaV tnednepeD

pahaT - :tukireb iagabes halada F ijU nakukalem kutnu pahat

.a sisetopiH naksumureM

Ho : k ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP agrah nad kudorp satilau

kudorp adap pohs enilno amasreb araces - amas kadit

nakifingis huragnepreb gnalu ileb tanim padahret

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno .

Ha : k ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP agrah nad kudorp satilau

kudorp adap pohs enilno amasreb araces - amas

nakifingis huragnepreb gnalu ileb tanim padahret

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno .


28

.b )isnakifingis/satilibaborp nakrasadreb( naijugnep airetirK

- H 0 eulav P akij amiretid ≥ F uata 50,0 gnutih ≤ F lebat

- H 0 F uata 50,0 < eulav P akij kalotid gnutih F > leba t

.c F nad satilibaborp nakgnidnabmeM gnutih F / lebat

,0( eulav P ialiN F uata )500,0 < 000 gnutih F > lebat )40,3 > 364,63 (

H akam 0 kalotid .

.d nalupmiseK

ifingis nahalasek satilibaborp ialin aneraK hibel 000,0 halada isnak

F nad 50,0 licek gnutih F 40,3 raseb hibel 364,63 lebat H akam 0 .kalotid

aynitrA ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep agrah nad kudorp satilauk

kudorp adap pohs enilno amasreb araces - amas nakifingis huragnepreb

ileb tanim padahret gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok enilno

pohs .

.3 R( isanimreteD sisilanA 2 )

nakanugid adnagreb raenil iserger malad isanimreted sisilanA

kudorp satilauk aratna huragnep nagnabmus esatnesrep iuhategnem kutnu

ileb tanim padahret katneres araces kudorp agrah nad gnalu nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu pohs enilno ger sisilanA lisaH . raenil iser

tuptuo adap adnagreb yrammus ledom tukireb iagabes

91.V lebaT ledoM yrammuS

ledoM R erauqS R R detsujdAerauqS

fo rorrE .dtSetamitsE eht

1 025. a 072. 362. 945.2


38

.a satilauK ,agraH ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP

.b ileB taniM :elbairaV tnednepeD

R akgna helorepid 02.V lebat nakrasadreB 2 ( R erauqs rasebes )

,62 ( uata 362,0 nagnabmus esatnesrep awhab nakkujnunem ini laH .) %3

k( nednepedni lebairav huragnep kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilau )

ileb tanim( nedneped lebairav padahret gnalu nakukalem kutnu nemusnok

iskasnart pohs enilno uata ihuragnepid % 7,37 aynasis nakgnades ,)

ledom malad nakkusamid kadit gnay nial lebairav helo naksalejid

.ini naitilenep

.G nasahabmeP

lana nakukalid haleteS i .nasahabmep halada ayntujnales akam ,atad sis

:tukireb iagabes halada ini naitilenep malad nasahabmeP

.1 isilana lisah iraD s raseb naigabes awhab iuhatekid nednopser kitsiretkarak

iskasnart nakukalem gnay nemusnok pohs enilno naupmerep halada

almuj nagned nuhat 22 aisu takgnit nagned )%5,16( nednopser 321 h – 52

uata nalisahgnep nagned )%5,45( nednopser 901 halmuj nagned nuhat

pR rasebes ukas gnau . 000.005 00, – pR . 000.999 00, nednopser 27 rasebes

iskasnart nakukalem hanrep nad )%0,63( pohs enilno irad hibel ilak 1

.)%5,16( nednopser 031 rasebes

.2 amatreP halasaM

.a ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP kudorp satilauk pohs enilno noihsaf

kiab halada %75,34 rasebes utiay iauses kudorp nahab nakanerakid

iauses rabmag id kudorp ledom ,nakirebid gnay isamrofni nagned


48

ned gnay isamrofni nagned iauses kudorp naruku ,naataynek nag

kudorp nanahatek ,nemusnok areles nagned iauses kudorp ,nakirebid

,amal pohs enilno kudorp nagned amas kudorp satilauk nad kiranem

.aynmulebes ispesrep

.b ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP kudorp agrah saf pohs enilno noih halada

radnats %35 rasebes utiay kudorp agrah aynitra suksak pohs enilno

nakgnidnabid akij radnats kudorp pohs enilno kudorp agrah ,aynnial

pohs enilno agrah nad ,mirik sokgno nagned habmatid akij radnats

.kudorp satilauk nagned radnats kudorp

.3 halasaM audeK

.a aynitrA .amiretid aH nad kalotid oH nagnutihrep lisah iraD ispesrep

ianegnem nemusnok kudorp satilauk pohs enilno huragnepreb

ileb tanim padahret nakifingis gnalu nakukalem kutnu nemusnok

iskasnart pohs enilno . kudorp satilauk lebairav iserger neisifeoK

pohs enilno noihsaf lebairav halada satilauk lebairaV .763,0 rasebes

musnok igab nanimod gnilap gnay ileb tanim ihuragnepmem malad ne

gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno kiab nikameS .

kudorp satilauk pohs enilno noihsaf ileb tanim iggnit nikames akam

gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno .

.b kalotid aH nad amiretid oH nagnutihrep lisah iraD aynitra ispesrep

nok ianegnem nemus kudorp agrah adap pohs enilno kadit huragnepreb

ileb tanim padahret nakifingis gnalu nakukalem kutnu nemusnok

iskasnart pohs enilno . kudorp agrah lebairav iserger neisifeoK noihsaf


58

ohs enilno gnay lebairav nakub agrah lebairav akam ,320,0 rasebes p

kutnu nemusnok igab gnitnep gnay lebairav uata nanimod

ileb tanim ihuragnepmem gnalu kadit ispesrep ikilimem nednopseR .

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu tanimreb pohs enilno .


58

IV BAB

NAITILENEP NASATABRETEK NAD ,NARAS ,NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK

.1 ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP kudorp satilauk pohs enilno noihsaf halada

kiab %3,34 uata 78 kaynabes nagned iauses kudorp nahab aynitra

rp ledom ,nakirebid gnay isamrofni nagned iauses rabmag id kudo

kudorp ,nakirebid gnay isamrofni nagned iauses kudorp naruku ,naataynek

,amal kudorp nanahatek ,nemusnok areles nagned iauses enilno kudorp

pohs nad aynmulebes ispesrep nagned amas kudorp satilauk nad kiranem

preb gnay nemusnok P .%01 uata 02 kaynabes kiab kadit ispesre ispesre

ianegnem nemusnok kudorp agrah pohs enilno noihsaf radnats fitaler

%35 uata 601 kaynabes kudorp agrah aynitra suksak pohs enilno radnats

nakgnidnabid akij kudorp pohs enilno kudorp agrah ,aynnial hs enilno po

radnats kudorp agrah nad ,mirik sokgno nagned habmatid akij radnats

nad kudorp satilauk nagned harum tagnas ispesrepreb gnay nemusnok

.%5,1 uata 3 kaynabes

.2 P adap kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesre pohs enilno

nakifingis huragnepreb m padahret gnalu ileb tani kutnu nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem pohs enilno p nakgnades , ianegnem nemusnok ispesre

adap kudorp agrah pohs enilno kadit nakifingis huragnepreb padahret

ileb tanim gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno .

adap kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesreP


68

pohs enilno amasreb araces - amas nakifingis huragnepreb tanim padahret

ileb gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno .

.B naraS

as nakirebmem nigni itilenep ,naitilenep lisah iraD natiakreb nar

kahip adapek naitilenep lebairav nagned moc.suksak pohs enilno malad

ileb tanim naktakgninem gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok enilno

pohs naras nupadA . - ini naitilenep malad gnay nakiapmasid nigni gnay naras

:tukireb iagabes halada

.1 kudorp satilauk lebairaV pohs enilno noihsaf ini naitilenep malad

nakifingis huragnepreb padahret ileb tanim gnalu kutnu nemusnok

iskasnart nakukalem pohs enilno ulrep naahasurep kahip uti anerak helO .

kudorp satilauk naktakgninem uata naknahatrepmem pohs enilno noihsaf

aggnihes naataynek nagned rabmag aratna kudorp naiusesek ianegnem

iskasnart nakukalem kutnu tanimreb nemusnok gnalu ilebmem uata nad

pohs enilno ek hadnipreb kadit nad pohs enilno kudorp laujnem gnay nial

.sinejes

.2 rp agrah lebairaV kudo pohs enilno noihsaf kadit nakifingis huragnepreb

ileb tanim padahret gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok enilno

pohs kutnu lebiskelf uata hadum hibel tapad fitaler naahasurep akam

kudorp agrah nahaburep nakutnenem noihsaf pohs enilno patet nad

em .agrah narajawek iges nakgnabmitrepm


78

.3 R detsujda irad tahilid akiJ 2 awhab nakisakidnignem hadner hisam gnay

ihuragnepmem tapad gnay nednepedni lebairav kaynab tapadret hisam

ileb tanim gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno niales

auk irad ,kudorp kerem :aynlasim kudorp agrah nad kudorp satil

nial nad ,nial gnaro namalagnep uata aynmulebes nemusnok namalagnep -

.nial

.C nasatabreteK naitilenep

.1 nasatabretek tapadret ini ispirks nanusuynep awhab iradaynem siluneP

libmaid aynah ini naitilenep ataD .tapmet nad utkaw nasatabretek utiay

hanrep gnay nemusnok irad atad utiay utnetret edoirep utas adap

iskasnart nakukalem pohs enilno 2 lepmas kutnu nad 00 .nednopser

.2 akam ,renoiseuk nakanuggnem remirp atad nairacnep tala tagnigneM

adA .helorepid gnay atad naranebek isketednem tapad kadit silunep

iauses rujuj kadit gnay nabawaj nakirebmem nednopser nanikgnumek

.ada gnay atkaf nagned

.3 pmem muleb siluneP ,haimli ayrak silunem malad namalagnep iaynu

halognem lah malad amaturet anrupmes muleb hisam ini ispirks aggnihes

.atad sisilanagnem nad atad


88

AKATSUP RATFAD

.)4002( .onsirtuS idaH kitsitatS idnA :atrakaygoY .I diliJ .

___________ .)4002( . kitsitatS idnA :atrakaygoY .II diliJ .

.)3002( .pilihP ,reltoK narasameP nemejanaM idE . :atrakaJ .I diliJ .salebeseK is .aidemarG

___________ .)5002( . narasameP nemejanaM TP :atrakaJ .I diliJ .tapmeeK isidE . .skednI

.)8002( .iwD ,ontayirP ecivreS dna tcudorP lacitsitatS( SSPS rajaleB iridnaMkitsitatS ijU nad ataD sisilanA kutnU : )noituloS atrakaygoY . .moKaideM :

.)0102( .rawzA niddufiaS isatserP seT .rajaleB akatsuP :atrakaygoY .

.)kkd( G noeL ,namffihcS ( 7002 ) . nemusnoK ukalireP .skednI TP :atrakaJ .II diliJ .

)6002( .amU ,narakeS ssenisuB roF sdohteM hcraeseR .tapmeeK isidE , atrakaJ :tapmE abmelaS .

.)5002( .onoyiguS naitileneP kutnU akitsitatS .atebaflA VC :gnudnaB .

.)3002( .gnajU ,nawramuS malad aynnpareneP nad iroeT( nemusnoK ukalireP)narasameP .aisenodnI ailahG :atrakaJ .

.)7002( .gnanaD ,otoynuS tairaviB isaleroK nad isergeR sisilanA : atrakaygoY .skooB aramA

.)5002( .idrapuS sinsiB nad imonokE naitileneP igolodoteM IIU :atrakaygoY .erP .ss

.)0002( .J .otnarpuS isakilpA nad iroeT kitsitatS atrakaJ .maneek isidE . .aggnalrE :

.)5002( .ydnaF ,onotpijT pisnirP - ecivreS ytilauQ latoT pisnirp idnA :atrakaygoY .

.)3002( .niesuH ,ramU asaJ nemusnoK ukalireP tesiR edoteM ailahG :atrakaJ ..aisenodnI

k.www .moc.suksa

,4002 ,aneladgaM ,oitnatuS kereM ileB taniM nagnabmegneP ianegneM idutS .isnetskE


98

naripmal i

renoiseuk


09

:htY adapeK

nemusnoK pohs enilno suksaK

,tamroH nagneD

:ayas ini amasreB

amaN anitsugA amreD :

MIN 321412280 :

satlukaF/nasuruJ imonokE/nemejanaM :

nemusnok iraduas/araduas adapek nohomeM pohs enilno utkaw nakgnaulem kutnu suksak

ni renoisiuK .ini renoisiuk isignem kutnu kanejes irad atad iagabes nakanug ayas naka i

luduj nagned ayas naitilenep kudorp satilauk ianegnem nemusnok ispesrep huragneP “

ileb tanim padahret agrah nad gnalu iskasnart nakukalem kutnu nemusnok pohs enilno

adap susak iduts pohs enilno ”suksaK kutnu iraduas/araduas adapek ayas naparah raseB .

,aynamas ajrek nad naaidesek satA .aynranebes naadaek nagned iauses ini renoisiuk isignem

.hisak amiret nakpacu ayas

ayas tamroH

anitsugA amreD


19

nednopseR satitnedI

gnalis adnat irebmem adna nakhaliS :adna nagned iauses gnay nabawaj adap )X(

.1 adna nimalek sineJ

.a ikaL - ikal

.b naupmereP

.2 ini taas adnA aisU

.a nuhat 41 – nuhat 71

.b nuhat 81 – nuhat 12

.c nuhat 22 – nuhat 52

.d nuhat 62 – nuhat 92

.e nuhat 03 >

.3 nalub rep adna ukas gnau uata adna nalisahgnep raseb apareB

.a 000.005 pR <

.b 000.005 pR – 000.999 pR

.c 000.000.1 pR – 000.994.1pR

.d 005.1 pR 000. – 000.000.2 pR

.e 000.000.2 pR >

.4 iskasnart nakukalem hadus adna ilak apareB pohs enilno

.a ilak 1

.b ilak 1 >

( kec adnat halireB √ adna nabawaj nagned iauses ini hawab id naaynatrep adap )

.A kudorP satilauK

.1 kudorp amirenem nad tahilem adna haleteS noihsaf id pohs enilno turunem hakapa ,

nakirebid gnay isamrofni nagned iauses kudorp nahab adna


29

iauses tagnaS ) (

iauseS ) (

larteN ) (

iauseS kadiT ) (

iauses kadiT tagnaS ) (

.2 kudorp kudorp amirenem nad tahilem adna haleteS noihsaf id pohs enilno hakapa ,

nek nagned iauses rabmag id tahil adna gnay kudorp ledom adna turunem aynnaatay

iauses tagnaS ) (

iauseS ) (

larteN ) (

iauses kadiT ) (


.3 kudorp amirenem nad tahilem adna haleteS noihsaf id pohs enilno turunem hakapa ,

nakirebid gnay isamrofni nagned iauses kudorp naruku adna

( iauses tagnaS )

iauseS ) (

larteN ) (

iauseS kadiT ) (


.4 kudorp ilebmem nad tahilem adna haleteS noihsaf id pohs enilno kudorp hakapa

adna areles nagned iauses tubesret

iauseS tagnaS ) (

iauseS ) (

larteN ) (

iauseS kadiT ) (


39


.5 kudorp ilebmem nad tahilem adna haleteS noihsaf id pohs enilno turunem hakapa ,

amal kudorp nanahatek adna

amaL tagnaS ) (

amaL ) (

larteN ) (

amaL akadiT ) (

amaL kadiT tagnaS ) (

.6 kudorp ilebmem nad tahilem adna haleteS enilno id noihsaf pohs adna turunem ,

kudorp hakapa pohs enilno kiranem

kiraneM tagnaS ) (

kiraneM ) (

larteN ) (

kiraneM kadiT ) (

kiraneM kadiT tagnaS ) (

.7 aleteS ispesrep nagned amas kudorp satilauk hakapa tubesret kudorp amirenem adna h

aynmulebes adna

amaS tagnaS ) (

amaS ) (

larteN ) (

amaS kadiT ) (

amaS kadiT tagnaS ) (


49

.B kudorP agraH

.1 id kudorp agrah anamiagab adna turuneM pohs enilno suksaK nagned nakgnidnabid

kudorp agrah pohs enilno aynnial

lahaM tagnaS ) (

( lahaM )

radnatS ) (

haruM ) (

haruM tagnaS ) (

.2 kudorp agrah adna turunem anamiagaB pohs enilno sokgno ayaib nagned habmatid

mirik

lahaM tagnaS ) (

lahaM ) (

radnatS ) (

haruM ) (

haruM tagnaS ) (

.3 turunem kudorp agrah anamiagab ,nakrawatid gnay noihsaf kudorp satilauk nagneD

adna

lahaM tagnaS ) (

lahaM ) (

radnatS ) (

haruM ) (

tagnaS ) ( haruM


59

.C ileB taniM

.1 f kudorp tahilem adna haleteS noihsa id pohs enilno kutnu tanimreb adna hakapa

ilebmem

tanimreb tagnaS ) (

tanimreB ) (

larteN ) (

tanimreB kadiT ) (

tanimreB kadiT tagnaS ) (

.2 kudorp agrah akiJ noihsaf id nakrawatid gnay pohs enilno ipatet laham adna turunem

ilebmem kutnu tanimreb patet adna hakapa tubesret kudorp iakuynem adna

tanimreB tagnaS ) (

tanimreB ) (

larteN ) (

tanimreB kadiT ) (


.3 ada akiJ nilno pohs e kudorp nakrawanem gnay nial - nagned sinejes gnay kudorp

id ilebmem abocnem kutnu tanimreb adna hakapa ,amas gnay agrah nad satilauk

pohs enilno tubesret

tanimreB tagnaS ) (

tanimreB ) (

larteN ) (

tanimreB kadiT ) (

iT tagnaS ) ( tanimreB kad

.4 kudorp agrah nad kudorp satilauk ianegnem nakispesrep adna halet gnay itrepeS

pohs enilno id noihsaf kudorp ilebmem kutnu tanimreb adna hakapa , pohs enilno s


69

tanimreB tagnaS ) (

tanimreB ) (

larteN ) (

tanimreB kadiT ) (

( tanimreB kadiT tagnaS )

.5 nakukalem uata ilebmem kutnu tanimreb patet naka adna irah naidumekid hakapA

iskasnart pohs enilno

tanimreB tagnaS ) (

tanimreB ) (

larteN ) (

tanimreB kadIT ) (



79

i naripmal i

atad isalubat


89

nednopseR ataD

nednopseR metI rokS

1K 2K 3K 4K 5K 6K 7K latoT 1H 2H 3H latoT 1BM 2BM 3BM 4BM 5BM latoT

1 4 2 3 2 3 4 3 12 4 3 3 01 4 4 3 4 4 91

2 2 2 3 2 4 3 1 71 4 5 4 31 3 4 3 3 3 61

3 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 32 3 4 4 11 3 4 3 3 3 61

4 4 2 2 2 4 4 4 22 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 3 3 2 8 4 3 3 4 4 81

6 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 72 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 4 4 91

7 4 3 4 4 3 4 3 52 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 3 91

8 3 2 4 2 3 3 2 91 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 4 4 91

9 2 3 4 2 3 4 3 12 3 4 3 01 4 4 4 5 3 02

01 4 4 3 3 2 5 2 32 3 4 4 11 3 4 4 4 4 91

11 3 5 2 4 3 4 2 32 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 4 4 02

21 4 4 2 3 3 4 2 22 4 4 4 21 4 4 3 4 4 91

31 3 4 4 2 3 3 2 12 3 3 3 9 3 4 4 4 4 91

41 2 2 2 3 3 4 2 81 2 3 3 8 3 2 2 3 3 31

51 2 2 4 3 3 4 2 02 3 4 4 11 3 2 2 3 4 41

61 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 52 3 4 3 01 4 3 4 3 3 71

71 3 3 4 3 3 3 2 12 2 5 5 21 2 2 2 2 2 01

81 4 3 3 3 4 4 3 42 3 4 3 01 4 3 3 3 4 71

91 4 4 4 4 4 5 3 82 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 4 3 91

02 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 52 3 3 3 9 4 2 2 2 3 31

12 2 2 4 2 3 4 2 91 3 4 4 11 4 3 4 3 2 61

22 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 52 3 3 2 8 4 4 3 4 4 91

32 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 33 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 4 4 91

42 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 42 4 5 4 31 3 3 3 3 3 51

52 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 42 2 3 3 8 4 2 4 3 4 71

62 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 72 3 3 3 9 4 2 5 4 4 91

72 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 72 3 3 3 9 3 4 3 3 4 71

82 4 4 5 4 5 5 4 13 2 3 4 9 5 4 5 5 5 42

92 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 22 3 3 3 9 3 4 3 3 3 61

03 4 4 2 4 3 4 2 32 2 4 4 01 4 4 3 4 5 02

13 4 4 4 4 3 5 4 82 2 2 1 5 4 4 2 4 5 91

23 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 3 3 3 9 3 4 3 4 4 81

33 4 2 5 2 2 3 1 91 3 4 5 21 4 4 4 4 2 81

43 5 4 2 5 4 4 4 82 3 4 3 01 4 4 4 4 4 02

53 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 32 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

63 2 3 3 4 4 4 2 22 2 3 3 8 2 2 2 2 2 01

73 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 82 3 4 3 01 4 4 3 5 5 12

83 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 42 3 3 3 9 3 4 3 3 3 61

93 2 2 4 3 3 3 2 91 3 4 3 01 3 3 3 3 3 51

04 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 03 2 2 3 7 4 3 2 4 4 71


99

nednopseR metI rokS


14 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 42 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 4 4 02

24 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 82 3 3 4 01 4 4 3 4 4 91

34 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 03 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 4 4 91

44 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 72 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 3 91

54 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 53 2 3 3 8 4 4 3 3 3 71

64 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 32 2 1 1 4 3 3 3 3 3 51

74 3 4 4 4 3 3 4 52 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 3 4 81

84 5 5 4 4 3 3 4 82 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 51

94 4 3 4 3 3 4 3 42 3 4 4 11 3 3 4 3 3 61

05 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 92 4 5 4 31 4 3 2 4 4 71

15 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 32 3 4 2 9 3 3 3 4 4 71

25 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 3 4 3 01 4 3 3 3 3 61

35 2 2 4 1 1 3 1 41 4 1 4 9 3 2 2 3 4 41

45 4 4 5 4 3 4 4 82 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

55 4 4 4 4 3 5 4 82 4 4 3 11 4 2 3 4 3 61

65 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 4 3 4 11 3 4 3 4 4 81

75 3 3 4 5 4 4 4 72 3 4 3 01 4 5 4 4 4 12

85 3 3 4 4 3 4 3 42 3 3 3 9 4 4 2 4 5 91

95 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 72 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 51

06 2 3 4 3 3 3 2 02 3 4 3 01 3 2 3 3 3 41

16 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 51

26 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 62 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 4 4 91

36 3 4 3 4 3 3 2 22 3 4 3 01 4 4 3 4 4 91

46 4 4 5 3 5 4 3 82 3 3 4 01 3 4 3 4 4 81

56 4 3 2 3 2 3 2 91 2 3 4 9 3 3 3 4 3 61

66 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 71 3 3 3 9 3 4 3 3 3 61

76 4 3 3 4 2 3 4 32 2 3 4 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

86 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 71 3 4 3 01 4 4 4 3 3 81

96 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 3 4 2 9 4 4 4 3 3 81

07 4 3 4 2 2 4 3 22 4 4 4 21 3 3 3 3 3 51

17 3 5 3 4 1 4 3 32 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 3 3 81

27 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 62 3 4 3 01 4 4 4 4 3 91

37 2 2 3 3 3 4 3 02 4 4 4 21 3 3 4 4 4 81

47 2 4 2 3 3 4 3 12 2 4 3 9 4 3 4 3 3 71

57 5 4 4 4 3 4 4 82 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 02

67 2 3 2 4 2 4 2 91 2 3 3 8 3 3 3 3 3 51

77 3 2 2 4 2 4 3 02 4 3 3 01 4 3 3 3 3 61

87 3 2 1 3 1 3 3 61 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 51

97 3 2 2 4 4 3 4 22 3 3 3 9 3 2 3 3 3 41

08 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 62 3 4 4 11 5 4 3 5 5 22

18 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 4 4 4 21 3 2 3 2 2 21

28 2 2 3 2 3 4 2 81 3 4 4 11 2 2 2 2 2 01


001

nednopseR metI rokS


38 3 5 4 5 3 5 3 82 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

48 4 5 4 5 3 5 4 03 3 4 4 11 4 3 4 4 5 02

58 3 4 5 4 3 4 4 72 3 3 3 9 4 2 3 4 5 81

68 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 2 3 2 7 3 3 3 3 3 51

78 3 4 2 3 3 3 2 02 4 5 5 41 1 1 3 2 2 9

88 3 4 3 3 3 3 4 32 3 4 4 11 3 2 3 3 2 31

98 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 62 5 5 5 51 4 4 3 4 4 91

09 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 32 5 5 5 51 2 2 2 2 2 01

19 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 82 2 3 3 8 4 4 4 4 4 02

29 5 4 4 5 4 5 4 13 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

39 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 42 4 4 4 21 3 3 4 4 4 81

49 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 41 4 4 4 21 2 2 2 2 2 01

59 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 62 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 02

69 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 62 4 4 3 11 3 4 2 3 3 51

79 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 62 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 02

89 4 3 3 4 3 4 4 52 3 4 3 01 4 4 4 3 4 91

99 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 52 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 4 61

001 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 42 3 3 3 9 3 5 3 4 3 81

101 3 4 4 4 4 3 2 42 3 3 3 9 3 4 2 3 3 51

201 2 4 4 4 2 4 2 22 4 5 4 31 4 4 4 4 2 81

301 4 4 2 5 4 3 2 42 4 3 4 11 3 2 4 2 3 41

401 4 2 4 3 2 4 2 12 3 3 4 01 3 2 4 4 4 71

501 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 82 3 3 3 9 4 2 4 4 4 81

601 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 42 2 3 3 8 3 2 4 3 3 51

701 4 4 4 5 3 4 3 72 3 4 4 11 4 2 2 3 3 41

801 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 33 2 3 3 8 4 4 4 4 4 02

901 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 72 2 4 3 9 3 3 2 4 4 61

011 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 3 2 3 8 3 3 4 3 4 71

111 4 3 2 4 4 4 2 32 5 5 4 41 4 4 4 2 2 61

211 4 2 4 3 3 4 2 22 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 4 3 91

311 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 81 3 4 3 01 3 3 3 3 3 51

411 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 3 4 3 01 4 2 3 4 4 71

511 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 82 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 02

611 3 3 5 3 3 5 3 52 3 3 3 9 5 4 4 4 4 12

711 1 1 1 1 2 5 1 21 3 3 3 9 2 2 1 1 1 7

811 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 92 3 3 3 9 3 4 4 3 3 71

911 4 4 4 4 2 4 2 42 4 4 4 21 3 4 4 3 3 71

021 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 62 3 5 5 31 3 5 2 3 3 61

121 4 4 4 5 3 3 4 72 3 3 3 9 4 5 4 4 4 12

221 3 2 4 3 3 4 2 12 4 4 3 11 4 4 2 4 4 81

321 3 2 4 3 3 4 2 12 4 4 3 11 4 4 2 4 4 81

421 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 22 3 3 3 9 2 2 4 3 4 51


101

nednopseR metI rokS


521 4 1 1 3 4 4 4 12 3 3 4 01 4 3 2 3 4 61

621 4 4 5 5 3 5 3 92 3 4 3 01 4 4 3 4 4 91

721 4 5 3 4 3 5 3 72 3 3 3 9 5 4 3 4 4 02

821 4 3 2 4 4 4 2 32 3 4 3 01 4 3 5 3 2 71

921 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 72 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 3 3 71

031 2 2 2 3 3 4 3 91 3 4 4 11 3 3 3 3 3 51

131 2 2 4 4 2 2 2 81 3 4 4 11 2 2 4 2 2 21

231 3 3 5 2 3 4 4 42 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 4 4 02

331 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 3 3 4 01 4 4 4 4 4 02

431 2 4 3 3 2 4 2 02 3 3 4 01 4 4 4 3 4 91

531 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 62 4 5 3 21 3 4 4 3 4 81

631 5 5 4 3 4 4 5 03 5 3 4 21 3 5 5 4 5 22

731 4 5 5 5 3 4 2 82 5 3 3 11 5 1 5 5 5 12

831 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 71 4 4 4 21 3 3 3 2 2 31

931 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 61 3 3 3 9 2 4 2 3 3 41

041 4 4 5 4 3 4 4 82 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 5 12

141 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 61 2 3 3 8 4 2 4 2 3 51

241 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 32 4 4 4 21 3 4 4 3 3 71

341 2 2 4 2 3 4 2 91 3 4 4 11 4 3 4 3 2 61

441 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 62 5 5 5 51 4 4 3 4 4 91

541 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 32 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

641 2 3 3 4 4 4 2 22 2 3 3 8 2 2 2 2 2 01

741 2 2 2 3 3 4 2 81 2 3 3 8 3 2 2 3 3 31

841 2 2 4 3 3 4 2 02 3 4 4 11 3 2 2 3 4 41

941 2 2 3 3 3 4 3 02 4 4 4 21 3 3 4 4 4 81

051 2 4 2 3 3 4 3 12 2 4 3 9 4 3 4 3 3 71

151 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 31 2 2 2 6 2 3 2 2 2 11

251 4 3 3 5 3 4 4 62 3 3 3 9 4 4 5 4 4 12

351 4 4 4 5 4 4 3 82 3 3 3 9 3 4 4 3 3 71

451 3 1 2 4 4 4 3 12 2 4 3 9 4 2 3 5 5 91

551 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 52 3 3 3 9 4 4 2 2 4 61

651 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 61 2 2 3 7 3 2 3 3 3 41

751 2 4 2 5 3 4 2 22 3 4 3 01 4 2 4 4 2 61

851 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 12 3 4 3 01 3 2 2 2 3 21

951 4 1 3 2 3 4 3 02 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 3 3 71

061 4 4 2 3 3 4 3 32 4 5 4 31 4 3 4 3 3 71

161 4 5 5 4 2 5 5 03 3 4 4 11 5 5 4 4 5 32

261 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 4 3 91

361 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 91 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 02

461 3 4 2 3 4 5 2 32 4 5 3 21 4 3 3 4 4 81

561 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 52 3 3 3 9 4 3 4 4 4 91

661 5 5 3 5 3 5 4 03 3 4 3 01 5 3 2 5 4 91


201

nednopseR metI rokS


761 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 42 4 4 3 11 2 1 1 1 1 6

861 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 53 3 3 3 9 5 3 3 3 5 91

961 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 03 3 4 3 01 3 2 2 3 4 41

071 4 3 4 5 3 5 3 72 2 3 3 8 4 3 4 4 4 91

171 2 4 4 4 3 3 2 22 3 4 4 11 2 2 2 2 2 01

271 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 71 3 3 3 9 3 4 4 4 3 81

371 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 52 3 4 3 01 4 2 5 3 2 61

471 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 3 4 3 01 4 4 3 4 4 91

571 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 72 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

671 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 22 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 3 3 81

771 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 4 4 4 21 4 4 4 4 4 02

871 2 4 3 2 3 5 2 12 3 3 3 9 4 4 3 4 4 91

971 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 4 4 4 21 4 4 3 4 4 91

081 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 52 3 3 3 9 4 3 3 4 3 71

181 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 72 3 4 3 01 4 4 4 4 3 91

281 4 4 2 4 4 4 2 42 3 3 3 9 4 4 4 4 4 02

381 2 2 4 2 3 3 2 81 3 3 4 01 4 2 2 2 3 31

481 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 81 3 4 4 11 3 3 4 4 4 81

581 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 61 2 3 4 9 4 2 3 4 2 51

681 4 3 4 3 2 4 2 22 3 4 3 01 3 2 2 3 2 21

781 4 4 4 2 3 4 4 52 2 2 3 7 4 3 4 4 4 91

881 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 92 3 3 3 9 4 4 5 4 3 02

981 4 3 4 3 4 4 3 52 3 4 3 01 4 4 4 3 4 91

091 4 4 3 3 4 3 4 52 3 4 3 01 4 4 4 4 4 02

191 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 61 3 4 4 11 4 2 4 2 2 41

291 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 42 4 4 3 11 3 3 3 3 3 51

391 4 5 4 4 3 3 4 72 4 5 4 31 4 4 2 4 4 81

491 5 5 5 3 3 4 4 92 4 5 4 31 4 5 3 4 3 91

591 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 22 3 3 3 9 3 3 4 4 3 71

691 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 82 4 3 3 01 3 3 3 3 3 51

791 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 52 3 4 4 11 4 4 4 4 4 02

891 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 51

991 4 2 2 4 2 3 2 91 5 4 4 31 4 4 4 4 3 91

002 4 3 3 4 3 4 3 42 3 4 4 11 3 3 3 3 3 51


301

i naripmal ii

satidilav iju

nad

satilibailer


401

satidilaV snoitalerroC

satilauK satidilaV ijU

1K 2K 3K 4K 5K 6K 7K satilauK

1K

noitalerroC nosraeP 1 735. ** 044. ** 025. ** 604. ** 724. ** 826. ** 987. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 100. 000. 300. 200. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

2K

noitalerroC nosraeP 735. ** 1 794. ** 874. ** 534. ** 734. ** 765. ** 008. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 200. 100. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

3K

noitalerroC nosraeP 044. ** 794. ** 1 362. 223. * 472. 595. ** 086. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 100. 000. 560. 220. 450. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

4K

noitalerroC nosraeP 025. ** 874. ** 362. 1 193. ** 134. ** 614. ** 596. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 560. 500. 200. 300. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

5K

noitalerroC nosraeP 604. ** 534. ** 223. * 193. ** 1 803. * 824. ** 836. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 300. 200. 220. 500. 030. 200. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

6K

noitalerroC nosraeP 724. ** 734. ** 472. 134. ** 803. * 1 683. ** 626. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 200. 100. 450. 200. 030. 600. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

7K

noitalerroC nosraeP 826. ** 765. ** 595. ** 614. ** 824. ** 683. ** 1 508. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 300. 200. 600. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05

satilauK

noitalerroC nosraeP 987. ** 008. ** 086. ** 596. ** 836. ** 626. ** 508. ** 1 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 2( level 10.0 eht ta tnacifingis si noitalerroC ** - )deliat 2( level 50.0 eht ta tnacifingis si noitalerroC * - )deliat

agraH satidilaV ijU

1H 2H 3H agraH

1H

noitalerroC nosraeP 1 995. ** 683. ** 028. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 600. 000.

N 05 05 05 05

2H

noitalerroC nosraeP 995. ** 1 415. ** 988. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05

3H

noitalerroC nosraeP 683. ** 415. ** 1 437. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 600. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05

agraH

noitalerroC nosraeP 028. ** 988. ** 437. ** 1 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 ** cifingis si noitalerroC 2( level 10.0 eht ta tna - )deliat


501

ileB taniM satidilaV ijU 1BM 2BM 3BM 4BM 5BM ileBtaniM

1BM

noitalerroC nosraeP 1 744. ** 793. ** 175. ** 195. ** 767. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 100. 400. 000. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05

2BM

noitalerroC nosraeP 744. ** 1 534. ** 564. ** 905. ** 967. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 100. 200. 100. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05

3BM

noitalerroC nosraeP 793. ** 534. ** 1 384. ** 012. 286. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 400. 200. 000. 441. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05

4BM

noitalerroC nosraeP 175. ** 564. ** 384. ** 1 465. ** 118. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 100. 000. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05

5BM

noitalerroC nosraeP 195. ** 905. ** 012. 465. ** 1 457. ** 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 441. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05

ileBtaniM

noitalerroC nosraeP 767. ** 967. ** 286. ** 118. ** 457. ** 1 2( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 05 05 05 05 05 05 ** 2( level 10.0 eht ta tnacifingis si noitalerroC - )deliat


601

ytilibaileR SLEBAIRAV LLA :elacS

satilauK satilibaileR ijU

metI - scitsitatS latoT scitsitatS ytilibaileR

elacS fi naeM

metIdeteleD

elacS ecnairaV

metI fideteleD

detcerroCmetI - latoT

noitalerroC

s'hcabnorC fi ahplA

metIdeteleD

1K 61.44 510.86 647. 447. 2K 82.44 782.66 257. 737. 3K 83.44 419.96 126. 557. 4K 22.44 225.96 736. 357. 5K 45.44 467.17 285. 267. 6K 00.44 763.27 275. 467. 7K 06.44 336.76 467. 147.

satilauK 68.32 000.02 000.1 648. satilibaileR ijU agraH


elacS fi naeM

metIdeteleD

elacS ecnairaV

metI fideteleD


noitalerroC

s'hcabnorC fi ahplA

metIdeteleD

1H 69.61 296.6 237. 297. 2H 84.61 010.6 818. 647. 3H 67.61 114.7 146. 438.

agraH 40.01 663.2 000.1 747.

satilibaileR ijU ileB taniM


elacS fi naeM

metIdeteleD

elacS ecnairaV

metI fideteleD


noitalerroC

s'hcabnorC fi ahplA

metIdeteleD

1BM 64.03 854.43 817. 867. 2BM 29.03 384.23 007. 357. 3BM 28.03 894.33 295. 867. 4BM 07.03 366.23 857. 057. 5BM 28.03 800.33 586. 857.

ileBtaniM 80.71 751.01 000.1 708.

s'hcabnorCahplA

fo NsmetI

977. 8

s'hcabnorCahplA

fo NsmetI

338. 4

s'hcabnorCahplA

fo NsmetI

497. 6


701

i naripmal v

kitsiretkarak

nednopser


801

nimaleK sineJ

ycneuqerF tnecreP

dilaVtnecreP

evitalumuCtnecreP

dilaV ikaL - ikal 77 5.83 5.83 5.83

naupmereP 321 5.16 5.16 0.001

latoT 002 0.001 0.001

aisU

ycneuqerF tnecreP

dilaVtnecreP

talumuC evitnecreP

dilaV nuhat 81 - nuhat 12 38 5.14 5.14 5.14

nuhat 22 - nuhat 52 901 5.45 5.45 0.69 nuhat 62 - nuhat 92 7 5.3 5.3 5.99

nuhat 33 1 5. 5. 0.001 latoT 002 0.001 0.001

nalisahgneP uata ukaS gnaU

iskasnarT nakukaleM pohS enilnO

ycneuqerF tnecreP dilaVtnecreP

evitalumuCtnecreP

dilaV ilaK 1 07 0.53 0.53 0.53

ilaK 1 > 031 0.56 0.56 0.001

latoT 002 0.001 0.001

ycneuqerF tnecreP dilaVtnecreP

evitalumuCtnecreP

dilaV 000.005 pR <

23 0.61 0.61 0.61

000.005 pR - 000.999 pR 27 0.63 0.63 0.25

000.000.1 pR - 000.994.1 pR 36 5.13 5.13 5.38

000.005.1 pR - 000.000.2 pR 91 5.9 5.9 0.39

000.000.2 pR > 41 0.7 0.7 0.001

latoT 002 0.001 0.001


901

naripmal v

kisalk ismusa

nad

adnagreb iserger


011

noissergeR

devomeR/deretnE selbairaV

ledoM deretnE selbairaV devomeR selbairaV dohteM

1 satilauK ,agraH a . retnE

.deretne selbairav detseuqer llA .a

yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE eht

1 025. a 072. 362. 945.2

satilauK ,agraH ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

ileB taniM :elbairaV tnednepeD .b

ledoM

fo muS

serauqS fd erauqS naeM F .giS

1 noissergeR 548.374 2 329.632 364.63 000. a

laudiseR 030.0821 791 894.6

latoT 578.3571 991

satilauK ,agraH ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

ileB taniM :elbairaV tnednepeD .b

AVONA b

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

stneiciffeoC dezidradnatsnU

dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC

t .giS

scitsitatS ytiraenilloC

B rorrE .dtS ateB ecnareloT FIV

1 )tnatsnoC( 601.8 894.1 214.5 000.

satilauK 763. 340. 025. 935.8 000. 899. 200.1

agraH 320. 401. 310. 812. 828. 899. 200.1

ileB taniM :elbairaV tnednepeD .a


111

scitsongaiD ytiraenilloC a

ledoM noisnemiD eulavnegiE xednI noitidnoC

snoitroporP ecnairaV

)tnatsnoC( satilauK agraH

1 1 069.2 000.1 00. 00. 00.

2 130. 797.9 00. 94. 74.

3 010. 525.71 00.1 05. 35.


scitsitatS slaudiseR a

muminiM mumixaM naeM noitaiveD .dtS N

eulaV detciderP 27.21 71.12 80.71 345.1 002

eulaV detciderP .dtS - 328.2 356.2 000. 000.1 002

detciderP fo rorrE dradnatS

eulaV

081. 467. 692. 001. 002

eulaV detciderP detsujdA 00.31 53.12 80.71 345.1 002

laudiseR - 371.11 246.4 000. 635.2 002

laudiseR .dtS - 383.4 128.1 000. 599. 002

laudiseR .dutS - 893.4 738.1 - 100. 300.1 002

laudiseR deteleD - 742.11 527.4 - 700. 975.2 002

laudiseR deteleD .dutS - 916.4 948.1 - 400. 310.1 002

ecnatsiD .lahaM 200. 509.61 099.1 283.2 002

ecnatsiD s'kooC 000. 421. 600. 410. 002

eulaV egareveL deretneC 000. 580. 010. 210. 002



211

trahC


311


411


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