pendidikan kewarganegaraan (pkn)

8/16/2019 PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN (PKn)

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PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN

PPKN Dr.H. Sahid Sumarno,MS.



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• Abdul Aziz Wahab,Pro.Dr.,MA Ed ! Sa"ri#a, Pro.Dr.,M.Ed.2$%%. Teori dan Landasan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan.C&'a(an P&r'ama, P&n&rbi' Ala )&'a , )andun*

• Da+im )udiman+#ah, Pro.Dr.M+i. 2$%$, Penguatan PendidikanKewarganegaraan Untuk Membangun Karakter Bangsa,C&'a(an P&r'ama, P&n&rbi' Wid#a A(+ara Pr&++. )andun*

• H&ri H&rdian'o, S"d.,MSi !-uman'o Hamda#ana MSi, 2$%$.Cerdas, Kritis,dan Aktif Berwarganegara (PendidikanKewarganegaraan Untuk Perguruan Tinggi) P&n&rbi'Erlan**a , -a(ar'a.

• Sam+ul Wahidin,Pro.DR, 2$%$ . Pokok-Pokok PendidikanKEWARGANEGARAAN,&'a(an % P&n&rbi' Pu+'a(a

P&la/ar,#o*#a(ar'a.• Sri/ian'i !A.RahmanH.I d((, 2$$0. Pendidikan

Kewarganegaraan Untuk Maasiswaedisi P&r'ama, C&'a(anP&r'ama, P&n&rbi' Graha Ilmu, 1o*#a(ar'a



"

• Su"ria'mo(o, 2$$3. P!"#$#$KA"K!%A&'A"!'A&AA", C&'a(an P&r'ama,P&r"u+'a(aan Na+ional -a(ar'a.

• Sri/ian'i ! A.RahmanH.I d((, 2$$0. PendidikanKewarganegaraan Untuk Maasiswaedisi P&r'ama,

C&'a(an P&r'ama, P&n&rbi' Graha Ilmu, 1o*#a(ar'a• Su"ria'mo(o, 2$$3. P!"#$#$KA"

K!%A&'A"!'A&AA", C&'a(an P&r'ama,P&r"u+'a(aan Na+ional -a(ar'a.

•

Subhan So4ahaan,Dr+.,MPd ! A+&" SahidGa'ara,M+i. 2$%%. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan(ii !duation),Pendidikan Po*itik, "asiona*isme,#an #emokrasi. P&n&rbi' 5o(u+m&dia , )andun*,



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I. PENDAH7L7AN

Landa+an P&ndidi(an K&ar*an&*araan

PKn8

9i*a #an* m&landa+i "&ndidi(an(&ar*an&*araan PKn8

• LANDASAN H7K7M• LANDASAN K7RIK7LER

• LANDASAN K:NSEPSI:NAL



";A. Landa+an Hu(um

Ma'a (uliah P&ndidi(an K&ar*an&*araan <PKn=m&ru"a(an +a'u (om"on&n (uri(ulum na+ional#an* a/ib ba*i "&n#&l&n**ara "&ndidi(an 'in**i.

Landa+an hu(um dari PKn8

> landa+an (on+'i'u+ional8 77D %06;. '&r'uan*

dalam "&mbu(aan 77D ?m&n&rda+(an(&hidu"an ban*+a@

> Landa+an o"&ra+ional8 77 Nomor 2$ 'ahun2$$ hal Si+'&m "&ndidi(an Na+ional

> (hu+u+ "a+al a#a' <2= i+i (uri(ulum +&'ia" /alur, /&ni+, dan /&n/an* "&ndidi(an 'in**i a/ibm&mua'8



"B

•<a= "&ndidi(an a*ama

•<b= "&ndidi(an (&ar*an&*araan

•<= baha+a

> K&"u'u+an Dir/&n Di('i No.2B2$$$ hal (&lom"o( Ma'aKuliah P&n*&maban*anK&"ribadian<MPK=di P&r*uruan

'in**i. ol&h (ar&na i'u PKn di P9 '&rma+u(Ma'a Kuliah 7mum<MK7= #an* a/ib

maha+i+a un'u( m&n*ambiln#a.



"

• P&r'an#aan m&n*a"a PKn Wa/ib ba*i

maha+i+a P&n/&la+an8

Kar&na "&r+"&('i arah,un*+i, 'u/uan dan"rin+i">"rin+i" "&ndidi(an na+ional.

Ara, "&ndidi(an na+ional un'u( m&nin*(a'(an(&&rda+an,har(a' dan mar'aba' ban*+a,m&u/ud(an manu+ia dan ma+#ar(a' #an*b&r'aa (&"ada 9uhan 1an* Maha E+a , bi+a

mandiri, b&r*una ba*i P&mban*unan Na+ionaldan b&r'an**un* /aab a'a+ "&mban*unanban*+a.



"3

• +ungsi dan tuuan, "&ndidi(an na+ional

m&mban*un a'a( dan "&radaban ban*+a #an*b&rmar'aba' dalam ran*(a m&n*&mban*(an"o'&n+i "&r+&r'a didi( a*ar m&n/adi manu+ia#an* b&riman, 'aa, (&"ada 9uhan 1ME.&rda+, b&ra(hla(, (r&a'i, inoFa'i m&n/adiar*a n&*ara #an* d&mo(ra'i+ dan b&r'an**un* /aab.

• Prinsi, "&ndidi(an na+ional an'ara lain ialah"&ndidi(an di+&l&n**ara(an +&ara d&mo(ra'i+,

b&r(&adilan, m&n/un/un* 'in**i ha( aza+imanu+ia,m&mban*un (r&a'iFi'a+, dalam "ro+&+"&mb&la/aran.



M&numbuh(&mban*(an(&+adaran b&rban*+adanb&rn&*ara,m&mban*un

a(hla( mulia,b&riman,&rda+,mandiri, b&r'an**un* /aab



"%$

). Landa+an Kuri(ul&r•

9ahun 2$$ di+ah(an 77 Nomor 2$ 'ahun 2$$'&n'an* Si+'&m P&ndidi(an Na+ional

• Lahirn#a "&ra'uran "&m&rin'ah Nomor %0 9ahun2$$; S'andar P&ndidi(an Na+ional. Adalah(r&'&ria m&nimal +i+'&m "&ndidi(an di +&luruhila#ah hu(um NKRI

• Pa+al ; 77 No.2$ 'ahun2$$ +'andar na+ional"&ndidi(an di"a(ai +&ba*ai auan "&n*&mban*an(uri(ulum, '&na*a "&ndidi(an, +aran dan

"ra+aran "&n*&lolaan, dan "&mbia#aan.



"%%

• P&rm&ndi(na+ Nomor 222$$B '&n'an*

+'andar i+i m&n#a'a(an baha "&la/aranPKn dihara"(an m&m"&r+ia"(an ana(didi( m&mili(i (omi'm&n dan (on+i+'&n(ua' dalam m&m"&r'ahan(an NKRI.

• K&+adaran b&la n&*ara b&rda+ar(anPana+ila dan 77D 6; dalam adah NKRI



"%2

C. Landasan Konseptual

S&ara (on+&"+ional,PKn m&ru"a(an bidan*+'udi lin'a+ bidan* (&ilmuan.

Namun +&ara 4l+aa' (&ilmuan m&mili(ibidan* (a/ian ilmu "oli'i(, (hu+u+n#a (on+&"

d&mo(ra+i "oli'i( < o*itia* demora = un'u(a+"&( ha( dan (&a/iban (duties and rigt ofiti/en).

Dari ob/&( (a/ian inilah b&r(&mban* (on+&"

Ciis. )&ra+al dari baha+a La'in iius. Ciius #an* ar'in#a 0ar*a n&*ara@"ada

#aman 1unani (uno.



"%

• K&mudia +&ara a(ad&mi+ dia(ui +&ba*ai

&mbrion#a ii eduation.• Di Indon&+ia ii eduation diado"+i

m&n/adi ?"&ndidi(an(&ar*an&*araan@di+in*(a' PKn.

• P&ndidi(an (&ar*an&*araan m&mili(i"&nd&(a'an lin'a+ ilmu +o+ial.

• D&n*an d&mi(ian b&b&ra"a ilmu +o+ial #an*m&mb&ri(an (on'ribu+i ba*i "&mban*unan

iis #an* b&ra(ar dari d&mo(ra+i "oli'i(,d&mo(ra+i &(onomi, ha( aza+i, dan iiseduation.



"%6

• Secara konsep -teoritis baha #an* m&mb&n'u("&rila(u ar*a n&*ara adalah m&lalui "ro+&+ "&ndidi(an

(&ar*an&*araan>PKn #a(ni8• <%= '&ori Emil& Dur(h&im,

• <2= '&ori 9homa+ Hobb&+,

• <= '&ori -ohn Lo(&,

• <6= '&ori -&an>-au&+ Rou++&au

1. Teori Emile Durkheim,

adalah #an* m&n/&la+(an baha "&rila(u indiFidu da"a'di"ahami dalam (on'&( +o+ial. K&lom"o( dan lin*(un*an+o+ial +&ba*ai "&n*aruh (ua' dari 'inda(an "ribadi.

9&orin#a #an* m&n*a'a(an baha an*(a (&ma'ian bunuhdiri a(an m&nin*(a' a'au m&nurun (ar&na '&r(ai' d&n*an"&rubahan +o+ial dan &(onomi.



"%;

• Dur(h&im m&n#a'a(an baha8 0beaior

annot be fu** understood in indiidua*istiterm, tat must understood witin a *argesoia* onte2t3.(4ae5er,678796:).

• Dur(h&im m&n*&mu(a(an '&+i+n#a baha

a*ama da"a' m&m"&r(ua' +olidari'a+(&lom"o( <re*igion reinfore a grou;sso*idarit) <Sha&&r, %0308%=. Dalam I+lamdi(&nal +hola' b&r/amaah, dan u(uah

i+lamiah, adalah un'u( m&mban*un+olidari'a+ (&lom"o(.



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2. 9&ori 9homa+ Hubb&+

Hubb&+ m&n*&mu(a(an '&ori (on'ra( +o+ial,baha indiFidu a(an m&nari "&rdamaianba*i (&lan*+un*an hidu"n#a, (ar&na a(alm&n&'a"(an (&hidu"an #an* '&ra'ur, 'ida(lah

m&mun*(in +&lama b&rlan*+un*n#a (&adaanalamiah <te state of nature).

ara un'u( m&l&"a+(an diri dari (ondi+i"rimi'i, /i(a manu+ia m&mbua' (on'ra(

"&r/an/ian d&n*an adil. Dib&n'u(lah o'ori'a+ "ubli( #an* m&m"un#ai

(&(ua'an m&ma(+a.



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• 9&ori +ia' indiFidu Hubb&+,

m&n*a'a(an baha manu+ia han#am&m&n'in*(an diri +&ndiriindiFidu

/adi a"a #an* di+&bu' (&(ua+aan

'&r'in**i <<nis u*timus=dan (&bai(an'&rb&+ar(suminun bonun= adalah'ida( ada. Kar&na i'ulah manu+ia+&lin* b&r+&li+ih. 9i*a hal #an*m&n#&bab(an manu+ia b&r+&li+ih8

<%= m&la(u(an "&r+ain*an<ometition=un'u( m&nan*<gain=



"%0

<2= +ia' malu>malu, 'ida(

"&ra#a<de=dene= d&mi (&+&lama'an<+a'#=

<= m&na"ai (&(ua+aan a'au (&uan*an(g*or) d&mi nama nai( (reutation=.

:l&h (ar&na i'u manu+ia dalam m&na"aiha+ra'n#a Hobb&+ b&ra+um+i >omo >ominiLuus #an* ar'in#a manu+ia adalah +ri*ala

#an* +ama. -i(a dibiar(an manu+ia a(an"&ran* +&+ama. -adi haru+ ada "&r/an/ianm&l&"a+(an +&ba*aian dari (&b&ba+ann#a.



P 2%

• 4.Teori Jean-Jaques Rousseau

9&ori Rou++&au #an* di(&nal an'ara lain8 '&ori(on'ra( +o+ial dan '&ri roman'i+m&.

%. 9&ori (on'ra( +o+ial

Rou++&au dalam bu(un#a ?#u Contra

4oial@<%B2= b&r"&nda"a' baha ?manu+ia '&rlahirb&ba+, dan dimana>mana ia m&n*&na(an ran'ai@

Manu+ia '&rlahir b&ba+, dan ma+#ara(a' iFil adalah+ua'u (&bu'uhan, +&r'a "&r+&'u/uan adalah +a'u>+a'un#a da+ar #an* +ah ba*i (&(ua+aan "oli'i(.

P&r+&'u/uan ma+in*>ma+in* ra(#a', ma+#ara(a'm&ni"'a(an ma+#ara(a' dan m&mb&ri(an o'ori'a+#an* +ah.



"22

2. 9&ori Roman'i+m&

• Manu+ia "ada a('u (&lahirann#a b&r+ia'"olo+ 'ida( "&rnah m&n*(laim a'au b&rha(a'a+ 'inda(an oran* lain. Namun dalam"&r(&mban*ann#a bi+a b&rbiara, b&ra(al,

(&ban*(i'an "ro"&r'# "ribadi, ra+ manu+iab&la/ar m&n*&mban*(an dua +ia' #a(ni?luhur@ dan ?'&r&la@.

• Di+am"in* i'u manu+ia m&n*&mban*(an ?+ia'

"&ru+a(@ (ar&na "ro"&r'# m&n*a(iba'(an(&'&r'undu(an dari #an* ban#a( (&"ada #an*+&di(i'.



"26

II.I!IS" I!I ED#$TI%&" D$&

ITI'E&S(I) ED#$TI%&

9&ori dan Landa+an P&ndidi(an K&ar*an&*araan di(&nali+'ilah CiFi+, CiFi Edua'ion.

Di4ni+i Ci'iz&n+hi" Edua'ion <PKn= di(&mu(a(an Co*an !D&rrio'' <%0038%= adalah

@ iti/ensi eduation te under*ing foa* oin of stud, wasde<ned as te ontribution of eduation to te dee*omentof tose arateristis of iti/en3

S'udi un'u( m&n#umban* "&ndidi(an (&'&r(ai'ann#ama+in*>ma+in* m&mban*un +i(a" m&n'al, a(hla( muliab&riman, b&r'aa (&"ada 9uhan 1ME, +&hin**a m&n/adi

ar*a n&*ara #an* bai( <*ood i'iz&n=. S&ara uniF&r+aldi'&rima baha +&'ia" ar*a n&*ara #an* mun*(in da"a'dib&da(an an'ara oran* #an* bai( ?a *ood "&r+on@ d&n*ana*a n&*ara #an* bai( ?*ood i'iz&n@,



P2B

• m&mili(i +&buah (&a/iban un'u( m&la(+ana(an

'u*a+>'u*a+ '&r'&n'u, '&rma+u( 'an**un* /aabm&ma'uhi hu(um, m&mba#ar "a/a(,m&n*horma'i ha(>ha( oran* lain, b&r/uan* un'u((&/a#aan ban*+a dan n&*ara, +&r'a +&ara umum

m&m&nuhi (&a/iban>(&a/iban +o+ialn#a+&ba*ai ar*a ma+#ara(a'.

• Gro++ ! &l&n&# <%0;380= di(u'i" dari #etroititi/ensi !duation 4tud '&lah

m&n*id&n'i4(a+i iri>iri ar*a n&*ara #an* bai(d&n*an m&ndi4ni+i(an lima iri #an* b&r(uali'a+#a(ni oran* #an* 8



P2

%.Ch&&ri&+ d&mora'i Falu& and ba+& hi+ a'ion on'h&mJ

2. R&o*niz& 'h& +oial "robl&m+ o 'im& and ha+'h& ill and 'h& abili'# 'o or( 'oard 'h&ir+olu'ion+J

. I+ ar& and 'a(& r&+"on+ibili'# or m&&'in* ba+ihuman n&&d+J

6. Pra'i& d&mora'i human r&la'ion in 'h&amili#,+hool, and ommuni'#Jand

;. Po+&++&+ and u+&+,(nol&d*&,+(ill, and abili'i&+n&&++ar# in a d&mora'i +oi&'#.



"$

I!IS +Ilmu Ke,ar*ane*araan-IK&

b&ra+al dari (a'a La'in ii #an* b&rar'i ar*an&*ara <iti/en a'au itoen= ar'in#a ar*an&*ara +&ba'a+ ar*a n&*ara (o'a diGr&&(<+&(aran* 1unani=.a'au <it state).

>ornb (et.a*)mendi<nisikan /iti/en9 0erson wo*ies in a town not in ountr3

Car'&r Fan Good <%0800= m&n*ar'i(an iFi+di+&bu' ilmu (&ar*an&*araan (ar&nadib&la(an* (a'a iFi+ '&rda"a' huru ?+@. Ini

m&nun/u((an +&buah ilmu +&ba*aimanaEonomi+, "oli'i+ d+b.

CiFi+ #a(ni Ilmu #an* m&mbaha+8



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• M&'od&>m&'od& "&n*&mban*an CiFi+ dan PKn "adada+arn#a m&n**una(an m&'od&>m&'od& +ain'i4(

+&"&r'i haln#a di+i"lin ilmu lain,namun l&bihm&non/ol(an "&nd&(a'an in'&*ra'i d&n*an m&'od&mul'idi+i"lin&r.

• CiFi+ <ilmu=(&ar*an&*araan IKW, l&bih m&n&(an(ana+"&( '&ori'i( '&n'an* ha( dan (&a/iban ar*a n&*aradan a(hirn#a m&n/adi ar*a n&*ara #an* bai(.

• P&ndidi(an (&ar*an&*araan>PKn <Cii !duation),m&ru"a(an "&rlua+an dari iFi+ #an* m&n&(an(an"ada a+"&( "ra('i(>"ra('i( (&a*an&*araan.

•

:l&h (ar&na i'u PKn m&ru"a(an "&ndidi(an oran*d&a+a <adu*t eduation=, #a(ni m&m"&r+ia"(anmaha+i+a #an* m&mahami "&ran n#a +&ba*ai ar*an&*ara.



P

• S'anl&# ).Dimond <Numan +uman'ri,%0B38%%=

m&n*ar'i(an '&n'an* Ciis a'au Citi/ensieduation dalam ar'i +&m"i' dalam (ai'ann#ad&n*an (&hidu"an +&(olah dan ma+#ara(a'.

• Gro++ !&l&n# m&n*a'a(an baha CiFi+

m&n&(an(an "ada '&ori "ra('i( "&m&rin'ahd&mo(ra+i.

• Dalam ar'i lua+ iti/en eduation m&n&(an(an "ada (&'&rliba'an dan "ar'i+i"a+i ar*a

n&*ara dalam "&rma+alahan>"&rma+alahan(&ma+#ara(a'an.



"6

I!I ED#$TI%&

<"&ndidi(an (&ar*an&*araan="&ndidi(an (&ar*an&*araan #an*

m&n&(an(an"ada a+"&(>a+"&(

"ra('i( (&ar*an&*araan.P&ndidi(an (&ar*an&*araan di+&bu'

+&ba*ai "&ndidi(an oran* d&a+a

<adu*t eduation= #an* b&r'u/uan8m&m"&r+ia"(an +i+a m&n/adi alonar*a n&*ara #an* m&mahami"&rann#a +&ba*ai ar*a n&*ara.



"B

R7ANG LINGK7P PKn:b/&( (a/ian a'au +&rin* di+inonim(an d&n*an ruan* lin*(u" 8

>Na+ionali+m&<ban*+a dan id&n'i'a+ na+ional=

>Pana+ila

>N&*ara

>K&ar*an&*araan

>Kon+'i'u+i>Good *oF&rnan&

>P&m&rin'ah dan "&m&rin'ahan

>Hubun*an iFil mili'&r

>Hubun*an a*ama dan n&*ara

>Ma+#ara(a' madani>D&mo(ra+i

>HAM



"

Kom"&'&n+i Da+ar K&ar*an&*araan

Kom"&'&n+i adalah +&"&ran*(a' (&mam"uandan (&a(a"an #an* '&ru(ur "&+&r'a didi(m&na(u"8

Cii kno*edge #a(ni (&mam"uan (&a(a"an

dan "&n*&'ahuan a(an ma'&ri PKnCii atitude (&"&(aan #a(ni (&ma"uan

+i(a" (&ar*an&*araan (&+&'araan, +o+ial,(&b&r+amaan

Ciis ski** #a(ni (&mam"uan b&r"ar'i+i"a+idalam "&n#&l&n**araan d&mo(ra+i dan(&bi/a(an "ubli(



P 0

III.$&/S$ D$& IDE&TIT$S &$SI%&$L1.)endahuluan

Salah +a'u un+ur "&mb&n'u(an n&*araadalah ra(#a' a'au ban*+a.

Ra(#a' a'au ban*+a bi+a di(&lom"o((an8(&dalam ada' i+'iada', iri>iri 4+i(,iman(&"&ra#aan 'arhada" 9uhan, dan

hu(um.> ada' i+'iada' 8mi+aln#a +u(u ban*+a -aa,

Arab, dan +u(u ban*+a Ero"a



P 6$

> iri 4+i(>b&olo*i+, mi+aln#a ra+ Mon*olid, Ero"a, Arab, M&la#ud+'.

>M&nuru' iman dan (&"&ra#aan, mi+aln#a "&n*anu' i+lam,(r+'&n dan (a'uli(, hindu, budha.

Istilah-istilah0 ras dan suku an*sa

Ra+ #ai'u (&lom"o( ma+#ara(a', b&rda+ar(an (&+amaan iri>iri 4+i( b&olo*i+, arna (uli', a/ah,rambu' "&raa(an d+b.

Su(u adalah *olon*an oran*>oran* <+&(&luar*a= +&(&'urunan Su(u ban*+a (&+a'uan +o+ial #an* da"a' dib&da(an

b&rda+ar(an (&+adaran a(an id&n'i'a+.

Sua'u n&*ara '&rdiri dari b&b&ra"a +u(u ban*+a dan ra+.Indon&+ia +&"&r'i Am&ri(a '&rdiri dari b&b&ra"a +u(u ban*+a

dan ra+.



P 6%

2. Di3nisi an*sa

M&nuru' Ern&+' R&nan' <%32>%302=, ban*+a adalah

?suatu iwa ang me*ekat ada seke*omokmanusia ang merasa iwana bersatu, karenamemunai nasib dan enderitaan ang sama adamasa *a*u dan dan memunai ta-ita ang sama

ada masa dean3. M&nuru' Ro'h&nbuh&r ban*+a adalah@+&*olon*an

manu+ia #an* m&m"un#ai "&ra+aan '&rma+u( "ada*olon*an #an* +ama (gefu*gemeinsft)

M&nuru' Kran&nbur* ban*+a adalah@+&'ia" indiFiduan**o'a ma+#ara(a' "ada umumn#a +adarb&r(&in*inan un'u( m&n*or*ani+i+ir +&ara'&rbu(a@



P 62

)&rda+ar(an "&n*&r'ian>"&n*&r'ian ban*+a '&r+&

bu', da"a' di+im"ul(an baha ban*+a adalah ?+&(&lom"o( manu+ia #an* m&m"un#ai"&r+amaan na+ib dan +adar a(an i'a>i'an#a@

>Mi+aln#a Am&ri(a #an* m&ra+a +&ba*ai +a'uban*+a m&+(i "&ndudu(n#a am"uran, n&*ro,

#ahudi ,Indian.

>Si++ m&ra+a +a'u ban*+a m&+(i baha+a #an*di"a(ai b&rmaam>maam.<)h+

-&rman,P&rani+ ,Romai=

>Indon&+ia m&ra+a +a'u ban*+a, +a'u nu+a dan+a'u baha+a, m&+(i b&rmaam>maam +u(u,a*ama, ada'>i+'iada' !(&"&ra#aan



P 6

P&mb&n'u(an +ua'u ban*+a <Han+

Kohn= '&r(adan* di'&n'u(an a('or"&r+amaan 4+i( +&"&r'i ra+,baha+,ada',dan a*ama dan +&(ali*u+iri (ha+ +ua'u ban*+a #an*m&mb&da(an dirin#a dari ban*+alain.

)an*+a Indon&+ia #an* b&ra*amaI+lam '&n'u b&rb&da d&n*an ban*+aIndia #an* b&ra*ama Hindu, danb&rb&da "ula d&n*an oran* Ero"a

#an* b&ra*ama (ri+'&n.



"6B

• Gabun*an dari ban*+a dan n&*ara m&ru"a(an(om"on&n #an* m&u/ud(an id&n'i'a+ na+ional

a'au (&ban*+aan.• Abad (& %3 lahir "aham na+ionali+m& #a(ni

aham #an* m&n*an*a" baha (&+&'iaan'&r'in**i a'a+ +&'ia" "ribadi <indiFidu= haru+

di+&rah(an (&"ada ban*+a dan n&*ara a'aun&*ara (&ban*+aan.

• Na+ionali+m& <(amu+ "oli'i(=adalah "&ra+aana'a+ da+ar a+al u+ul, ra+a (&(&luar*aan,ra+a

m&mili(i,hubun*an #an* l&bih &ra' d&n*an+&(&lom"o( oran* dari "ada #an* lain,m&m"un#ai "&ra+aan dibaah +a'u (&(ua+aan.



P 63

• Ra+a na+ionali+m& di"&r(ua' d&n*an8'radi+i, ada'>i+'iada', don*&n*>don*&n* dan mi'o+,+a'u baha+a

#an* +ama, +&man*a' (&ban*+aan.• M&nuru' +'anl# )&nn, '&rda"a' 6 &l&m&n un'u(

m&ndi4ni+i(an na+ionali+m&8

%= S&man*a' (&'aa'an (&"ada +ua'u ban*+a

<"a'rio'i+m&=2= Condon* m&n*u'ama(an (&"&n'in*an ban*+a

+&ndiri /i(a b&rhada"an d&n*an ban*+a lain

= Si(a" "&rlun#a m&m"&r'ahan(an (&buda#aanban*+a +&ndiri

6= Manu+ia m&n/adi b&rba*ai ban*+a, 'a"i (i'am&n*&nali (r&'&ria #an* /&la+ +ua'u ban*+adan"ara an**o'an#a.



P 60

• Pro+&+ "&mb&n'u(an na+ionali+m&

<Nurholi+ Mad/id= an'ara lain8%= K&+a'uan <uni'#=

2= K&b&ba+an<lib&r'#=

= K&+amaan<&uali'#=6= K&"ribadian <id&n'i'#=

;= Pr&+'a+i <"&rorman&=

Ad. K&+a'uan #a(ni m&n+'ranorma+i(an"&rb&daan m&n/adi (&+a'uan +&ba*ai"rodu( "ro+&+ in'&*ra+i



P ;$

• Ad. K&b&ba+an<lib&r'#= #a(ni m&"&r/uan*(an

(&b&ba+an dari "&n/a/ahan <(hu+u+n#a ba*in&*&ri /a/ahan=

• Ad. K&+amaan<&uali'#= #a(ni +&ba*ai ba*iandari ma+#ara(a' d&mo(ra'i+ dari ma+#ara(a'

(olonial di+(riminina'i dan o'ori'&r.

• Ad. K&"ribadian <id&n'i'#= #a(ni hilan*n#a+ia'>+ia' (ar&na domina+i "&n/a/ahan.

•

Ad. Pr&+'a+i <"&rorman&= ama' di"&rlu(an+&ba*ai +umb&r in+"ira+i dan (&ban*+aanba*i ar*a n&*ara.



P ;2

• IDE&TIT$S &$SI%&$L

•

Ma(na id&n'i'a+ <identit = +&ara har"iah adalah@iri>iri, 'anda>'anda a'au /a'i diri #an* m&l&(a' "ada

+&+oran* a'au +&+ua'u #an* m&mb&da(an d&n*an#an* lain.

• Di'in/au dari an'ro"olo*i id&n'i'a+ adalah iri (ha+

#an* m&n&ran*(an dan +&+uai d&n*an (&+adaran diri"ribadi +&ndiri, (&lom"o( +&ndiri, (omuni'a+ +&ndiri,a'au n&*ara lain

• S&dan*(an (a'a ?na+ional@ m&ru"a(an id&n'i'a+ #an*

m&l&(a' "ada (&lom"o( #an* l&bih b&+ar #an* dii(a'ol&h (&+amaan>(&+amaan 4+i( +&"&r'i buda#a,a*ama! baha+a, +&r'a non 4+i( <+&"&r'i (&in*inan, i'a>i'adan 'u/uan=



P ;

• )&ra+ar(an "&n*&r'ian di a'a+ ma(aid&n'i'a+ na+ional diar'i(an +&ba*ai

• @him"unan (&lom"o(>(&lom"o( #an*'&ri(a' ol&h (&+amaan>(&+amaan,bai( 4+i( mau"un non 4+i( #an*m&lahir(an 'inda(an(&lom"o((o**etie ation= #an*

diu/ud(an b&n'u( or*ani+a+i a'au"&r*&ra(an>"&r*&ra(an.@.

• )a*aimana d&n*an Indon&+ia



P ;6

• Id&n'i'a+ na+ional Indon&+ia, diban*un b&rda+ar(an(&ma/&mu(an (omuni'a+ma+#ara(a' Indon&+ia, #an* '&rdiridari *abun*an un+ur>un+ur "&mb&n'u( id&n'i'a+ +bb8<%=ila#ah *&o*ra4+,<2= +u(u ban*+a, <= a*ama,dan <6=(&buda#aan, dan <;= baha+a.

• Pertama, Wila#ah *&o*ra4+ Indon&+ai +&ara hi+'ori+ adalahila#ah #an* +&mula m&n/adi (&(ua+aan dua (&ra/aan b&+ar,

Srii/a#a dan Ma/a"ahi' ban*+a Indon&+ia '&lah m&n/adiban*+a #an* m&rd&(a b&rdaula' m&n&'a"(an baha ila#ah*&o*ra4+ Indon&+ia m&n/adi id&n'i'a+ na+ional, m&li"u'iila#ah b&(a+ /a/ahan )&landa.

• Ketdua , +u(u ban*+a. Di +ini +u(u ban*+a adalah *olon*an

+o+ial #an* ada +&/a( lahir, #an* +ama ora(n#a, DiIndon&+ia '&rdiri dari b&rba*ai +u(u ban*+a d&n*an l&bih dari$$ dial(&( baha+a #an* m&ndiamai (&"ulauan nu+an'ara.



suku an*sa

+u(u ban*+a. Di +ini+u(u ban*+a adalah*olon*an +o+ial #an*ada +&/a( lahir, #an*+ama ora(n#a, DiIndon&+ia '&rdiri darib&rba*ai +u(uban*+a d&n*an l&bihdari $$ dial(&(

baha+a.



Keempat,keudaaan. Adalah"a'o(an nilai, moral,ada'>i+'iada', hu(um,

+&ni, ilmu, #an*di/adi(an +&ba*airu/u(an a'au "&domanb&r'inda( +&+uaid&n*an lin*(un*an

#an* dihada"i.



Kelima, ahasa. 1a(ni diahami +&ba*ai"&rlamban*bun#i,ua"an manu+ia

dan di*una(an +&ba*ai+arana b&rin'&ra(+ian'ar manu+ia.

P B$



P B$

4. )ERJ#$&/$& 5E&J$DI S$T# $&/S$

•

)an*+a #an* +&(aran* dinama(an ban*+aIndon&+ia, m&ru"a(an (um"ulan b&rba*ai +u(uban*+a #an* m&ndiami (&"ulauan nu+an'aradari Saban* +am"ai M&rau(&.

•

M&r&(a hidu" b&r(&lom"o( +&ba*ai ra(#a' danb&rada di ila#ah (&ra/aan.

• Indon&+ia hidu" m&n*alami b&b&ra"a &ra"&m&rin'ah (&ra/aan.

• )&rmula (&ra/aan Hindu, )udha <(&ra/aanma/a"ahi' dan Srii/a#a=, +am"ai (&ra/aani+lam abad %;>an di D&ma(



P B%

• S&'ia" (&ra/aan m&mili(i o'onomi +&ndiri>+&ndiri

dan ba'a+ ila#ah +&ndiri>+&ndiri.• S&/a( (&hadiran ban*+a )&landa %30B, mulai

m&n&n*(&ram dan m&manaa'(an d&n*an ara"oli'i( adu domba <d&Fid& a' im"&ra=, m&n*ua+ai

ila#ah indon&+ia.• 9imbul "&rlaanan "&"&ran*an m&laan "&n/a/ah,

(ar&na dam"a( "&n/a/ahan m&nimbul(an(&bidohan, (&mi+(inan, (&'&rb&la(an*an dan

'&r'u'u"n#a (&mun*(inan m&n*&(+"loi'a+i+umb&r>+umb&r (&(a#aan alam Indon&+ia, dimanaha+iln#a dian*(u' (& n&*ara "&n/a/ah.

P B2



P B2

• K&+adaran )an*+a Indon&+ia ban*(i', un'u(b&rban*+a +&/alan d&n*an "&r*ola(an

(&ban*(i'an n&*ara>n&*ara '&r/a/ah di duniaun'u( m&mb&n'u( n&*ara m&rd&(a, b&rdaula',dan m&n*a'ur +&ndiri uru+an n&*ara.

• Dr.Wahidin Sudiro Hu+odo, oran* "&r'ama #an*

b&r/a+a m&mban*(i'(an (&+adaran ban*+aIndon&+ia un'u( m&mban*un (&ban*+aan.

• Dr.Wahidin Sudiro Hu+odo "&ndiri )udi 7'omo 2$M&i %0$3 di /a(ar'a

•

S&man*a' (&ban*+aan d&n*an b&rdirin#a S&ri(a'i+lam <%0%2=, Indi+h& "ar'ai <%0%2=, PNI <%02=,Par'ai Indon&+ia <%0%=,

P B



P B

• S&r'a lahir b&rba*ai or*ani+a+i (&"&mudaan8 -on* -aFa, /on* Suma'&ra, -on* &l&b&+.

• K&mudian 'o(oh "&r*&ra(an na+ional or*ania+i"&muda m&n*ada(an Kon*res )emuda I,m&n*ha+il(an (&+&"a(a'an "&r*&ra(an m&laan"&n/a/ah.

•

Kon*r&+ "&muda II 23 o('ob&r %023, m&n*ha+il(ani(rar +um"ah "&muda.

• So+o( "&r/uan*an +&ma(in /&la+ baha (&m&rd&(aanhan#a '&ru/ud d&n*an +#ara' "&r+a'uan dan(&+a'uan na+ional

• Dian'aran#a 'o(oh "&r*&ra(an adalah Ir.Su(arno #an*mam"u m&n**&lora(an +&man*a' (&ban*+aan<na+ionali+m&=

P B6



P B6

• P&ran* Dunia (& II,b&ra(hir d&n*an (&(alahan

-&"an* a'a+ S&(u'u dan *una m&nari( +im"a'ira(#a' indon&+ia m&mban'u -&"an* '*l 20 a"ril%06; m&mb&n'u( )P7PKI #an* b&r'u*a+m&m"&r+ia"(an Indon&+ia m&rd&(a.

• )adan ini b&rha+il m&rumu+(an dan m&n&'u(an8

> da+ar n&*ara

> '&(+ "ro(lama+i <'a"i 'ida( di*una(an (ar&na+i'ua+i=

9o(oh "&r*&ra(an m&n*u+ul(an "&mbubaran

)P7PKI dan m&n**an'i(an naman#a d&n*an PPKI<Pani'ia P&r+ia"an K&m&rd&(aan Indin&+ia= A*u+'u+ %06;



P B



P B

6. )roses kean*saan-ne*ara 5erdeka•

%. P&mb&n'u(an id&n'i'a+ ban*+a• K&+adaran (&ban*+aan 'ida(lah 'imbul 'iba>'iba di

(alan*an ra(#a' Indon&+ia, 'a"i b&ran*+ur>an*+ur'&ru'ama di (alan*an "&la/ar Indon&+ia, lalu m&n#&bar (&+&luruh la"i+an ma+#ara(a'.

• S&mula (&+adaran (&ban*+aan #an* m&u/ud(an(&m&rd&(aan b&ra+al dari r&a(+i "&n/a/ahan ban*+aa+in* <)&landa,-&"an*=.

• Dalam "&r(&mban*ann#a (&+adaran (&ban*+aan 'umbuhm&n/adi "andan*an hidu" ban*+a, al8

• > i'a>i'a na+ional

• > +a+aran na+ional

• > +i+'&m na+ional

P B3



P B3

• Pada a('u m&rananm* b&rdirin#a NKRIi'u Ir.Su(arno m&n*u+ul(an a*ar da+ar

n&*ara adalah ? Pana+ila@ dimana nilai>nilai Pana+ila di*ali dari "andan*an hidu"ban*+a.

•

Da+ar n&*ara #an* di/adi(an landa+anol&h ban*+a Indon&+ia ini b&r(&mban*m&n/adi "&doman, dan da+ar dalamm&na"ai i'a>i'a ban*+a m&n/an*(au

ma+a d&"an #an* l&bih bai(.

PB0



PB0

2.Paham (&ban*+aan Indon&+ia

• )an*+a adalah ra(#a' #an* m&m"un#ai'&(ad un'u( m&ndiri(an n&*ara, un'u(ma+a d&"an b&r+ama.

• 9&(ad un'u( m&ndiri(an ban*+a b&r+amaini +&ba*ai (&+adaran (&ban*+aandinama(an aa+an (&ban*+aan.

• 9&(ad ini m&nun/u((an (&haru+an baha(&"&n'in*an n&*ara didudu((an di a'a+(&"&n'in*an "ribadi dan *olon*an.

P $



P $

• L&bih>l&bih dalam m&mban*un d&mo(ra+i dan ha(

a+a+i manu+ia, ma(a "&n&*(an d&mo(ra+i dan ha(a+a+i manu+ia 'ida( bol&h di"&r'&n'an*(an dalam(&"&n'in*an n&*ara>ban*+a.(ar&na ra(#a' 'ida(da"a' '&r"i+ah(an dari ban*+a n&*ara.

• 5aham (&ban*+aan #an* diban*un ol&h Ir, Su(arnobu(an (&ban*+aan b&ra'a( +&m"i', 'iruan bara'

a'au ouinism.

• 9a"i b&r+ia' (&'imuran, 'ida( a*r&+i,'ol&ran+i dan"aham bi+a b&(&r/a +ama d&n*an (&lom"o(

mana"un.• Paham (&ban*+aan ini m&ru"a(an r&&(+i dari

id&n'i'a+ na+ional <S#arbini d((,2$$B=

P 2



P 2

. In'&*ri'a+ na+ional

Ka'a In&*ra+i a'au <$ntegration= b&rar'i "&n#a'uan+&ara '&r&nana dari un+ur>un+ur #an* b&rb&da #an*ada dalam (&hidu"an na+ional, +&hin**a m&n*ha+il(an"ola (&hidu"an #an* +&ra+i.

7n+ur>un+ur #an* b&rb&da #a(ni ra(#a', ila#ah, dan"&m&rin'ah.

Pro+&+ "&n#a'uan a'au m&u/ud(an "&r+a'uan dan(&+a'uan an'ara8

>ra(#a',

>ila#ah, dan>"&m&rin'ah

'ida( '&r/adi d&n*an +&ndirin#a.

P



P

• S&'&lah '&r/adi "ro+&+ "&n#a'uan 'adi

an'ara ra(#a', ila#ah,dan"&m&rin'ah ma+ih '&'a" m&m&rlu(an"&m&liharaan '&ru+>m&n&ru+ a*ar

'ida( m&ro+o' #an* (ar&na b&rba*ai+&bab.

• Pro+&+ "&n#a'uan ra(#a', ila#ah,

dan "&m&rin'ah dalam i(a'an NKRI<N&*ara K&+a'uan R&"ubli(Indon&+ia= di+&bu' In'&*ri'a+ na+ional

P 6



P 6

I.5ILSA5A9 PANCASILA

%. P&n*&r'ian 5il+aa' Pana+ila dan Id&olo*iPana+ila

S&ara &'imolo*i+, (a'a 4l+aa' b&ra+al daribaha+a #unani@"hil&in@ #an* b&rar'i in'a dan

?+"ho+@ b&rar'i (&bi/a(+anaan@. -adi 4l+aa' b&rar'i in'a "ada (&bi/a(+anaan.

inta dalam ar'i #an* lua+ +&+ba*ai (&in*inan+un**uh>+un**uh '&rhada" +&+ua'u.

S&dan*(an kei7aksanaan da"a' diar'i(an+&ba*ai (&b&naran +&/a'i.

P B



P B

• M&nuru' No'on&*oro <%0;=

"&n*&r'ian 4l+aa' Pana+ila adalahilmu #an* m&mandan* Pana+ila dari+udu' akekat. >akekat adalah

un+ur>un+ur '&'a" #an* 'ida(b&rubah "ada +ua'u ob/&(, alau"un'&r/adi "&rubahan (&adaan,'&m"a',dan a('u #an* dinama(an ha(&(a'ab+'ra(.

• P&n*&r'ian ha(&(a' ab+'ra(dimun*(in(an, bah(an diharu+(an,

ada rumu+an>rumu+an Pana+ila.

"



"

• Rumu+an +ila>+ila i'u '&rdiri a'a+

(a'a>(a'a pokok" dan (a'a>(a'asi8at.

Ka'a>(a'a "o(o( '&rdiri a'a+(a'a>

(a'a da+ar <97MASARA=%. 9uhan,

2. Manu+ia,

. Sa'u,6. Ra(#a' dan

;. Adil



"0



"0

• P&n*&r'ian id&olo*i, +&ara &'imolo*i

id&olo*i b&ra+al dari baha+a 1unani 8@Id&a@#an* b&rar'i *a*a+an a'au i'a>i'a. Danlo*o+ b&rar'i ilmu +&ba*ai ha+il "&mi(iran.

• -adi "&mahaman id&olo*i adalah ilmu'&n'an* i'a>i'a,*a*a+an b&rda+ar(anha+il "&mi(iran.

• Dalam ar'i lua+ id&olo*i diar'i(an +&ba*ai

+ua'u (&+&luruhan *a*a+an,i'a>i'a,(&#a(inan>(&#a(inan, dan nilai>nilai da+ar#an* di/un/un* 'in**i +&ba*ai "&doman.

P 3$



P 3$

• Dalam ar'i +&m"i', id&olo*i diar'i(an +&ba*ai

*a*a+an a'au '&ori #an* m&n#&luruh '&n'an*ma(na hidu" dan nilai>nilai #an* m&n&n'u(anmanu+ia b&r"i(ir, b&r+i(a", dan b&r'inda(.

• D&n*an d&mi(ian Pana+ila +&ba*ai id&olo*i

diar'i(an +&ba*ai (&+&luruhan "andan*an,i'a>i'a dan (&#a(inan ban*+a Indon&+iam&n*&nai +&/arah, ma+#ara(a', hu(um dann&*ara Indon&+ia +&ba*ai ha+il (ri+'ali+a+i

nilai>nilai #an* +udah ada di bumi Indon&+iab&r+umb&r "ada8 ada'>i+'iada', buda#a,a*ama, dan (&"&ra#aan (&"ada 9uhan 9ME.



"3



"3

2. )ancasila sea*ai Sistem :ilsa8at

)an*+a dan ma+#ara(a' indon&+ia +&b&lumb&rdiri n&*ara Indon&+ia, +udah '&rl&bihdahulu m&mili(i nilai>nilai luhur #an* di#a(ini+&ba*ai "andan*an hidu", /ia dan(&"ribadian dalam "&r*aulan.

Nilai>nilai luhur b&r+umb&r dari ada'i+'iada',buda#a, a*ama dan (&"&ra#aan'&rhada" adan#a 9uhan.

Nilai>nilai luhur i'u m&n/adi 'olo( u(ur(&ba/i(an m&nda+ar dan abadi +&"&r'i i'a>i'a#an* in*in diu/ud(an dalam hidu" manu+ia.



Nilai>nilai luhurb&r+umb&r dari ada'i+'iada',buda#a, a*amadan (&"&ra#aan'&rhada" adan#a 9uhan 1ME.

P 3;



P 3;

• Pandan*an hidu" <we*tansauung= b&run*+i+&ba*ai auan bai( (&hidu"an "ribadi,mau"un dalam in'&ra(+i manu+ia, +&r'ad&n*an (omuni'a+ dan alam +&(&lilin*n#a.

• K&'i(a i'a>i'a dan (&in*inan luhur m&n/adiban*+a #an* b&r+a'u, hidu" dalam +ua'un&*ara, "ara "&ndiri n&*ara +am"ailah "ada"&r'an#aan ?di a'a+ da+ar a"a(ah N&*araIndon&+ia didiri(an

•

)&rda+ar nilai>nilai luhur i'u di#a(ini +&ba*ai"andan*an hidu" a'au al+aah hidu", ma(aol&h "&ndiri n&*aradan di+&"a(a'i ol&h Pani'ia

P 3B



P 3B

• Pani'ia )adan P&n#&lidi( 7+ah>u+ahaP&r+i"an K&m&rd&(aan Indon&+ia <)P7PKI=

+&ba*ai da+ar 4la+ah n&*ara <<*oso<segrounds*ag= dari n&*ara #an* a(an didiri(an.

• Nilai>nilai luhur #an* di#a(ini +&ba*ai"andan*an hidu" ma+#ara(a' Indon&+ia i'u'&rdiri a'a+8

nilai (&imanan dan (&'aaan,

nilai (&adilan dan (&b&radaban,

nilai "&r+a'uan dan (&+a'uan,nilai mua(a' dan nilai (&+&/ah'&raan.



Nilai (&imanandan (&'aaan)an*+a

Indon&+iama#ori'a+ I+lam

P 3



P 3

• Nilai>nilai luhur '&r+&bu' (&mudian di+&"a(a'i ol&h"ara "&ndiri n&*ara Indon&+ia m&rd&(a, #an* ol&hIr.Su(arno diu+ul(an b&rnama ?PANCASILA@

• :l&h Pani'ia P&r+ia"an K&m&rd&(aan Indon&+ia <PPKI=(&mudian dirumu+(an +ila>+ila dari Pana+ila adalahS))8

%. K&'uhanan 1ME

2. Kamanu+iaan #an* adil dan b&radab

. P&r+a'uan Indon&+ia,

6. K&ra(#a'an #an* di"im"in ol&h hi(ma'

(&bi/a(+anaan dalam"&rmu+#aara'an"&ra(ilan,dan

;. K&adilan +o+ial ba*i +&luruh ra(#a' Indon&+ia

P 30



P 30

• Pada 'an**al %3 A*u+'u+ %06; PPPKI

m&n&'a"(an "ana+ila +&ba*aipandan*an hidup an*sa a'audi+&bu' ideolo*i an*sa" dan

"andan*an hidu" n&*ara a'audi+&bu' ideolo*i ne*ara

• D&n*an d&mi(ian ban*+a Indon&+iam&m"un#ai "&doman dan +umb&rnilai>nilai dalam m&n*hada"ib&rba*ai "&r+oalan "oli'i(, &(onomi,+o+ial, buda#a dan "&r'ahanan dan

(&amanan.

P.0$



P.0$

;.Sitem :ilsa8at )ancasila .

Si+'&m 5il+aa' Pana+ila di'in/au b&rda+ar(an8 > on'olo*i+,

> &"i+'&molo*i+, dan

> a(+iolo*i+

:N9:L:GIS,m&ru"a(an aban* 4l+aa' #an* m&n*(a/i

'&n'an* +&*ala +&+ua'u #an* ada. ?a"a(ah(&n#a'aan i'u@

Pana+ila '&rdiri dari lima +ila +&lin* m&n*i(a',+&dan* +ub#&( "&ndu(un* "o(o(>"o(o(Pana+ila adalah manu+ia,

P 0%



P.0%

• S&ara 4l+aa', Pana+ila +&ba*ai da+ar 4l+aa'

n&*ara. :l&h (ar&na "&ndu(un* "o(o( n&*araadalah ra(#a', dan un+ur ra(#a' adalah manu+ia.

• D&n*an d&mi(ian ha(&(a' da+ar on'olo*i+ +ila>+ila Pana+ila adalah manu+ia.

•

Manu+ia +ub#&( hu(um dari +ila>+ila Pana+ila+&ara on'olo*i+ m&mili(i ha(&(a'mono"rulari+,#a(ni8

> susunan kodrat </ia,ra*a,rohani,dan /a+mani=,

- si8at kodrat +ma(hlu( indiFidu dan +o+ial" - kedudukan kodrat <ma(hlu( "ribadi dan

+&ba*ai ma(hlu( 9uhan 1ME=



" 0



".0

DASAR EPIS9EM:L:GIS

• adalah aban* 4l+aa' #an* m&n*(a/i(&b&naran dan a"a(ah ha(&(a' ilmu"&n*&'ahuan i'u. 7"a#a m&nari (&b&narand&n*an "&nd&(a'an ilmu "&n*&'ahuan.

• Ka/ian &"i+'&molo*i+ 5il+aa' Pana+iladima(+ud(an u"a#a un'u( m&nari ha(&(a'Pana+ila +&ba*ai +ua'u +i+'&m "&n*&'ahuan.

• Ha(&(a' da+ar on'olo*i+ +ila>+ila Pana+ila

adalah manu+ia,ma(a (a/ian &"i+'&molo*i+Pana+ila haru+ b&r(ai'an d&n*an da+aron'olo*i+.

".06



".06

• 9&rda"a' "&r+oalan m&nda+ar dalam (a/ian

&"i+'&mlo*i+8%= Sumb&r "&n*&'ahuan manu+ia

2= 9&ori (&b&naran "&n*&'ahuan manu+ia

= Wa'a( "&n*&'ahuan manu+ia.$d. Sumer pen*etahuan Pana+ila adalahnilai>nilai #an* ada "ada ban*+a Indon&+ia,(&mudian dirumu+(an ol&h a(il>a(il

ban*+a "&ndiri n&*ara. Kar&na nilai>nilai'+b m&n/adi (au+a ma'&r&riali+ Pana+ila.

".0;



".0;

• :l&h (ar&na +umb&r "&n*&'ahuan Pana+ila

adalah manu+ia Indon&+ia d&n*an nilai>nilai#an* dimili(in#a <ada'>i+'iada',buda#a,danr&li*iu+= ma(a an'ara manu+ia Indon&+ia+&ba*ai "&ndu(un* +ila>+ila Pana+ila dan

Pana+ila +&ba*ai +ua'u +i+'&m "&n*&'ahuan'&rda"a' (&+&+uaian b&r+ia' (or&+"ond&n+i.

• Pana+ila +&ba*ai +i+'&m "&n*&'ahuanm&mili(i +u+unan ormal lo*i+ dan bai(,

b&r+ia' hirar(hi+ dan b&rb&n'u( "iramidaldimana8

".0B



".0B

• <%=Sila "&r'ama Pana+ila K&'uhanan 1ME.

m&nda+ari dan m&n/iai (&&m"a' +ilalainn#aJ<2=Sila (&dua di/iai ol&h +ila"&r'ama +&r'a m&nda+ari dan m&n/iai +ila(&'i*a, (&&m"a' dan (&limaJ<=+ila (&'i*a

di/iai ol&h +ila "&r'ama, (&dua, +&r'am&nda+ari dan m&n/iai +ila (&&m"a' dan(&limaJ<6= +ila (&&m"a' di/iai ol&h +ila"&r'ama,(&dua, (&'i*a +&r'a m&nda+ari dan

m&n/iai +ila (&limaJdan <;= +ila (&limadi/iai ol&h +ila "&r'ama, +ila(&dua,(&'i*a,dan (&&m"a'.

".0



".0• Sila K&'uhanan 1ME dalam Pana+ila m&n/adi

landa+an (&b&naran "&n*&'ahuan manu+ia

b&r+umb&r dari ah#u Illahi#ah.• Pana+ila m&n*a(ui (&b&naran ah#u #an*

b&r+ia' mu'la(.

• Manu+ia ma(hlu( i"'aan 9uhan dib&ri a(al,ra+a,

(&h&nda( un'u( m&nda"a'(an (&b&naran #an*'in**i.

• S&ba*ai aham &"i+'&molo*i+ ,Pana+ilab&r"andan*an baha ilmu "&n*&'ahuan adalah

'ida( b&ba+ nilai, 'a"i dil&'a((an "ada (&ran*(am&mban*un +i(a" dan morali'a+ b&rda+ar(annilai>nilai r&li*iu+.

P 03



P.03

• :l&h (ar&na i'u Pana+ila dalam

"andan*an &+'imolo*i+ haru+m&n/adi da+ar morali'a+ ban*+adalam m&mban*un "&r(&mban*an

I"'&(.

DASAR AKSI:L:GIS

• A(+iolo*i+ adalah aban* ilmu 4l+aa'#an* m&n*(a/i '&n'an* nilai "ra('i+a'au manaa' +ua'u "&n*&'ahuan

'&n'an* Pana+ila.

".00



".00

• Nilai>nilai 1an* '&r(andun* dalamLima Sila "ada ha(&(a'n#am&ru"a(an +a'u>(&+a'uan.

• Nilai di"andan* dari +udu' +ub#&('i

dan ob/&('i.• Nilai +ub#&('i, ialah baha +&+ua'u

#an* b&rnilai (ar&na b&r(ai'an

d&n*an +ub#&( "&mb&ri nilai <#a(nimanu+ia=.

• Nilai ob#&('i, #a(ni baha +&+ua'u

#an* m&l&(a' "ada dirin#a +&ndiri

".%$$



".%$$

• M&nuru' No'ona*oro. Pana+ila '&rma+u( nilai

(&rohanian #an* m&n*andun* nilai ma'&rial dannilai.

• Nilai (&rohanian adlah +&*ala +&+ua'u #an*b&r*una ba*i rohani manu+ia '&rma+u( <nilai

(&b&naran, nilai &+'&'i(a, nilai moral, !nilair&li*iu+=

• Nilai ma'&rial adalah +&*ala +&+ua'u #an*b&rmanaa' ba*i /a+mani manu+ia.

• Nilai Fi'al adalah +&*ala +&+ua'u #an*b&rmanaa' ba*i manu+ia un'u( m&la(u(ana('iFi'a+.

".%$%



".%$%

• Nilai (&rohanian da"a' dirini (&dalam 6 +bb8

%= Nilai (&b&naran #a(ni nilai b&r+umb&r8a(al,ra+io, budi, i"'a manu+ia.

2= Nilai &+'&'i+ a'au (&indahan #a(ni nilaib&r+umb&r dari "&ra+aan manu+ia

= Nilai moral a'u (&bai(an #a(ni nilai b&r+umb&r"ada un+ur (&h&nda( manu+ia

6= Nilai r&li*iu+ a'au (&+uian #a(ni nilai (&rohanian#an* '&r'in**i dan mu'la( b&rhubun*an d&n*an

(&#a(inan dan (&"&ra#aan manu+ia b&r+umb&rdari ah#u #an* b&ra+al dari 9uhan 1ME.

".%$2



• S&ara a(+iolo*i+ ban*+a Indon&+ia "&ndu(un*nilai>nilai Pana+ila.

• )an*+a Indon&+ia adalah ban*+a #an* b&r(&'uhanan, #an* b&r(&manu+iaan, #an*b&r(&ra(#a'an, dan #an* b&r(&dilan +o+ial.

• S&ba*i u/ud "&ndu(un* Pana+ila, ban*+a

Indon&+ia m&n*a(ui, m&n&rima, danm&n*amal(an Pana+ila +&ba*ai +ua'u #an*b&rnilai.

• S&hin**a +&*ala +i(a", "&rila(u, "&r(a'aan dan

"&rbua'an di+&+uai(an d&n*an 'a'a l&'a( nilai nilai Pana+ila, +&ba*ai bu('i "&n*amalanPana+ila.



"23



• Manu+ia +&ba*ai ma(hlu( +o+ial 'ida( bi+a hidu"m&n#&ndiri, dan +&ba*ai ma(hlu( "oli'i(

m&mili(i naluri un'u( b&r(ua+a.• K&b&radaan n&*ara di"&rlu(an +&ba*ai adah

b&rlindun* indiFidu, (&lom"o( a'au ma+#ara(a'#an* l&mah dari (&+&ra(ahan indiFidu, (&lom"o(

a'au ma+#ara(a' #an* (ua' a'au o'ori'&r. Kar&nam&nuru' 9homa+ Hubb&+ manu+ia d&n*anmanu+ia lainn#a m&mili(i +ia' +ri*ala <omoomini *uus=

• K&+adaraan ma+#ara(a', a(an (&b&radaann&*ara lalu m&ni"'a(an m&(ani+m& un'u(m&nda"a'(an "&n*a(uan dari ma+#ara(a'.

"20



• M&(ani+m& #an* d&mo(ra'i+ dan uniF&r+al#an* m&n/adi (&+&"a(a'an b&r+ama adalah

"&milihan umum <P&milu=.

• P&milu m&ru"a(an adah un'u( m&la(u(an(on'ra( +o+ial d&n*an ara m&mb&ri(an +uara"ilihan *una m&lindun*i +&luruh ar*a,ra(#a' dan (&"&n'in*an n&*ara.

• P&rma+alahan (&hidu"an n&*ara, +an*a'(om"l&( '&r*an'un* "&rubahan dan 'un'u'an(&adaan #an* dinami+.

>Ma+alah *lobali+a+i

>Ma+alah o'onomi da&rah

"$



• Ma+alah *lobali+a+i dan o'onomi da&rahm&mb&ri (&un'un*an dan (&ru*ian ma+in*>

ma+in*. K&un'un*ann#a8

• K&un'un*an *lobali+a+i ba*i ban*+a dan n&*araIndon&+ia ialah8 nilai 'ambah b&ru"a (&mudahan

m&m"&rol&h inorma+i, '&(nolo*i, "oli'i(, buda#adi +&luruh dunia.

• K&un'un*an o'onomi da&rah ba*i ban*+a dann&*ara Indon&+ia adalah (&mandirian "&n*lolaan

a++&' da&rah #an* o"'imal. Kar&na ma+#ara(a'di+i'u #an* "aham a(an (&(a#aan alam dan"o'&n+i da&rah.

"%



K&ru*iann#a8

•

K&ru*ian *lobali+a+i an'ara lainm&ni"i+n#a ra+a (&ban*+aan danna+ionali+m&, (ar&na dam"a( darima+u(n#a buda#a a+in* #an* da"a'm&ru+a( buda#a a+li ban*+a.

• K&ru*ian o'onomi da&rah #a(nid&+&n'rali+a+i (&(ua+an a(an

m&m"&n*aruhi in'&*ri'a+ dan(omi'm&n '&rhada" NKRI.

"2



"

.)en*ertian dan Di3nisi &e*ara N&*ara b&ra+al dari (a'a state ($nggris), 4taat ( )&landa ),!tat

(Peranis). !tat berasa* dari baasa Latin (status) a'au (statum).K&adaan a'au +&+ua'u #an* m&mili(i +ia'>+ia' '&*a( dan '&'a".

Ka'a +'a'u+ a'au +'a'um diar'i(an +'andin*, +'a'ion #a(ni (&dudu(an.

Ka'a +'a'u+ +am"ai abad (& %B di(ai'(an d&n*an (a'a>(a'a n&*ara.

Di3nisi ne*ara,

%.M&nuru' -hon Lo(& <%B2>%$6= dan Rou++&au <%%2>%3= dalambu(u Ilmu n&*ara <%00= adalah +ua'u badan a'au or*ani+a+i ha+il dari"&r/an/ian ma+#ara(a'.

"2



• 2. N&*ara m&nuru' W&b&r8 dalam bu(u

D&mo(ra+i, HAM,dan Madani <2$$$= +ua'uma+#ara(a' #an* m&m"un#ai mono"olidalam "&n**unaan (&(&ra+an 4+i( +&ara+ah dalam +ua'u ila#ah.

• . N&*ara m&nuru' Ro*&r 5. Sol'au dalambu(u D&mo(ra+i,HAM, dan Ma+#ara(a'Madani <2$$$= adalah ala' <agen = a'au

&&nan* <autorit) #an* m&n*a'ur danm&n*&ndali(an "&r+oalan>"&r+oalanb&r+ama,a'a+ nama ma+#ara(a'.

"6



"

• 6. N&*ara m&nuru' Ma IF&r dalam

bu(un#a D&mo(ra+i, Ham danMa+#ara(a' madani

<2$$$= adalah +ua'u n&*ara #an*

m&m"un#ai &m"a' un+ur8P&m&rin'ahan

Komuni'a+

Ra(#a' dan

Wila#ah.

";



"

C. #nsur-#nsur &e*ara

•

9&rb&n'u(n#a n&*ara '&r/adi (ar&na b&b&ra"aun+ur8

• <%=. "&ndudu(,

• <2=. ila#ah,

•

<=."&mrin'ah.• <6=."&n*a(uan

)ertama" #nsur )enduduk " 1a(ni +&mua oran*#an* b&r'&m"a' 'in**al dan +&"a(a' in*in

b&r+a'u. S&mua oran* ar'in#a "&ndudu( a+liIndon&+ia "lu+ "&ndudu( a+in* #an* b&rada diIndon&+ia un'u(8i+a'a, bi+ni+, d&"loma', dll.

"B



• Kedua" #nsur <ilaah" Di'in/au dari +&*i*&o*ra4+ dan d&mo*ra4 Indon&+ia '&rb&+ar di

ila#ah A+&a 9&n**ara +&ba*ai n&*ara(&"ulauan '&rdiri dari %.BB "ulau>"ulau dan*u*u+an "ulau>"ulau b&+ar dan (&il <L&mhana+dan Dir/&nDIK9I8 %00=

• K&"ulauan Indon&+ia b&r'&baran +&b&lah>m&n#&b&lah (ha'uli+'ia. D&n*an ba'a+ +&b&lah,

• 7'ara 8 BO L7 <Lin'an* u'ara=

• S&la'an 8 %%OLS <Lin'an* S&la'an=

• )ara' 8 0BO)9 <)u/ur 9imur=

• 9imur 8 %6%O)9 <bu/ur 9imur=

"



• Indon&+ia +ua'u n&*ara #an* di(&lilin*i b&ribu>ribu "ulau dan di(&lilin*i +amodra Indon&+ia dan

5a+i4(, /u*a dia"i' ol&h dua b&nua an'ara b&nuaA+ia dan Au+'ralia.

• K&"ulauan Indon&+ia d&n*an +&mua "&rairann#adi"andan* ol&h ban*+a Indon&+ia +&ba*ai +a'u

(&+a'uan #an* u'uh, 'ida( '&r"i+ah>"i+ah +a'u"ulau d&n*an "ulau #an* lain.

• Cara "andan* ban*+a Indon&+ia '&r+&bu' '&lahlama diha#a'i, +&hin**a bumi '&m"a' hidu"n#a

a'au 'anah 'um"ah darahn#a "un di*una(ani+'ilah ?'anah air@



"3



• )an*+a In**ri+ um"aman#a m&n#&bu' 'anah'um"ah darahn#a ?Moter*and@. Dan ban*+a

/&rman ?>eimat3 • 9anah air m&n*andun* ar'i baha ban*+a

Indon&+ia 'a( "&rnah m&mi+ah(an an'ara?'anah@ dan ?air@m&mi+ah(an ?dara'an@ dan

?lau'an@.• Dara'an dan lau'an m&ru"a(an +a'u (&+a'uan

#an* u'uh, +&dan* lau' dian**a" +&ba*ai"&n*hubun*, bu(an +&ba*ai "&mi+ah an'ara

"ulau #an* +a'u d&n*an #an* lain.• -i(a di"&rha'i(an l&'a( 'anah air Indon&+ia

di+&bu' d&n*an@ Nu+an'ara ?

"0



• Keti*a "unsur )emerintah" +i+'&m (&"&m&rin'ahanIndon&+ia #a(ni +&ba*ai b&ri(u'8

• m&n*anu' +i+'&m ?"r&+id&n+ial ar'in#a "r&+id&n dib&riha( "r&ro*a'i un'u( m&milh, m&n*an*(a' dan

m&mb&rh&n'i(an m&n'ri>m&n'rin#a dalam (abin&'.

• Si'&m d&+&n'rali+a+i, dimana da&rah dib&ri(an

o'onomi "ada (&"ala da&rah 'in*(a' %, (abu"a'&n, dan(o'a un'u( "&n*&lolaan +umb&r>+umb&r &(onomi,SDM, un'u( (&+&/ah'&raan da&rah +&ara ma(+imal.

• Keempat" #nsur )en*akuan dia(uin#a (&dauala'anol&h n&*ara>n&*ara di dunia, b&rda+ar(an +&/arah dan

hu(um b&rla(u di n&*araa i'u. S&/a( di"ro(lamir(an(&m&rd&(aan Indon&+ia % A*u+'u+ %06; (& +&luruhdunia.

"6$



• D. Klasi3kasi &e*ara

• N&*ara da"a' di'in/au dari8 <%=-umlah oran* #an*

b&r(ua+a dan ori&n'a+i (&(ua+aan,<2= +i+i (on+&"dan '&ori mod&r&n, dan <= aza+ "&n#&l&n**araan(&(ua+aan.

<%=.N&*ara di'in/au dari /umlah "&n*ua+a da"a'

di(la+i4(a+i m&n/adi B b&ri(u'8 J#5L$()E&/#$S$

E&T#K )%SITI) E&T#K &E/$TI:

Sa'u oran* Monar(i 9iran

S&(&lom"o( :ran* Ari+'o(ra+i :li*ar(i

)an#a( :ran* D&mo(ra+i mobo(ra+i

"6%



+2. &e*ara ditin7au dari Sisi konsep

dan teori mod&r&n diba*i m&n/adi 28#a(ni N&*ara (&+a'uan dan n&*ara+&ri(a'<federa*=.

• N&*ara K&+a'uan8n&*ara #an* m&rd&(a,

b&rdaula', d&n*an +a'u "&m&rin'ah "u+a'#an* m&n*a'ur +&luruh da&rah.

• Dalam "ra('&(n#a n&*ara da"a'm&n**una(an8

• +&n'rali+a+i dan

• d&+&n'rali+a+i

"62



• <= $=as penelen**araan kekuasaan.

•

N&*ara m&nuru' (ondi+in#a, +&"&r'i 8• a.M&nuru' E(onomi8 n&*ara indu+'ri, n&*ara

a*rari+, n&*ara b&r(&mban* <dee*oment),n&*ara baru b&r(&mban* <under dee*omentountr). S&lain i'u /u*a di(&nal n&*ara u'ara,

n&*ara +&la'an, n&*ara ma/u, n&*ara mi+(in

• b.M&nuru' Poli'i(

• .M&nuru' +i+'&m "&m&rin'ahan

• d.M&nuru' Id&olo*i )an*+a



"66

E Si8 t % i i &



E. Si8at %r*anisasi &e*ara

Sia' or*ani+a+i n&*ara '&rdiri dari8

• Sia' M&ma(+a. S&'ia" n&*ara d"a' m&ma(+a(an(&h&nda( dan (&(ua+aann#a, bai( m&lalui /alurhu(um, mau"un /alur (&(ua+aann#a

• Sia' Mono"oli. N&*ara m&mono"oli hal>hal

'&r'&n'u d&mi 'u/uan n&*ara, 'an"a +ain*an.• Sia' 'o'ali'a+. S&mua hal 'an"a (&uali m&na(u"

(&&nan*an n&*ara. S&mua oran* ba#ar "a/a(,+&mua oran* a/ib b&la n&*ara, +&mua oran*

dihada"an hu(um +ama, 'ida( '&ban* "ilih.

"6;



• :.:un*si &e*ara

•

S&ara umum n&*ara m&mili(i 6 5un*+i8%= 5un*+i "&r'ahanan (&amanan

N&*ara m&lindun*i ra(#a',ila#ah,"&m&rin'ah dari anaman, 'an'an*an,hamba'an, *an**uan, #an* da'an* daridalam mau"un dari luar #an*m&mbaha#a(an ban*+a dan n&*ara

(&+a'uan RI. Mi+aln#a m&n/a*a ila#ah"&rba'a+an ol&h a"ara' 9NI a'u Polri



5un*+i "&r'ahanan

dan (&amanan

"6B



2 :un*si )en*aturan dan Ketertian

5un*+i "&n*a'uran <PP= dan (&'&r'iban d&n*an

m&ni"'a(an 77, d&mi '&ru/udn#a 'a'anan"&m&rin'ah, ban*+a dan n&*ara.Mi+aln#a 77Sidi(na+, 77 (&'&na*a (&r/aan,77 P&milu d+b.

= 5un*+i (&+&/ah'&raan dan (&ma(muran

N&*ara m&n**ali (&(&#aan +umb&r>+umb&rda#a alam <SDA=, dan +umb&r da#amanu+ia<SDM= un'u( m&nin*(a'(an"&n*ha+ilan ma+#ara(a'. Mi+aln#a &("loi'a+i

'amban*, hu'an,lau',air, li+'ri( dan bahan"an*an.

"6

6 : i K dil D K k



6 :un*si Keadilan Dan Kemakmuran

n&*ara m&u/ud(an "&n&*a(an hu(umdan "&radilan ba*i +&'ia" ar*a n&*ara+&+uai ha( dan (&a/iban, 'an"adi+(rimina+i.

/. Sistem )emerintahan ne*ara

Si+'&m "&mrin'ah n&*ara diar'i(an+&ba*ai (&b&radaan l&mba*a>l&mba*a"&mrin'ah n&*ara8badan la*i+la'i, badan&(+&(u'i, dan badan #udi(a'i.



"26

2 d k k i8



2.adan eksekuti8

adan #an* b&run*+i m&n/alan(an 77, #an* '&lah

di+ah(an DPR dan Pr&+id&n. L&mba*a ini adalah8 Pr&+id&n, W( "r&+id&n, M&n'ri,

Gub&rnur b&+&r'a Mu+"ida, )u"a'i>Wali(o'a b&+&r'aMu+"ida, ama', Lurahd&+a.

. adan >udikati8 badan #an* b&run*+i m&n*adili "&n&ra"an 77.

L&mba*a ini '&rdiri dari8

Mah(amah A*un* <MA=8

Mah(amah Kon+'i'u+i <MK=

Komi+i 1udi+ial <K1=

";$

:un*si 5$ adl m&mb&ri(an "&r'imban*an (&"ada



:un*si 5$, adl m&mb&ri(an "&r'imban*an (&"adaPr&+id&n, m&n*&nai "&mb&rian *ra+i

<"&n*uran*an hu(uman=, amn&+'i<"&n*am"unan=,aboli+i, dan r&habili'a+i<"&n*&mbalian nama bai(=

:un*si 5K"adl m&la(u(an u/i 77 '&rhada" 77D6;.

m&n#&l&+ai(an (oni( an'ar l&mba*a,"&mbubaran "ar'ai "oli'i( #an* m&lan**ar 776;.

:un*si K>"adl m&r&(ru' alon ha(im a*un*,m&n*aa+i ha(im dari 'in*(a' "&n*adilan +am"aiMA, L&mba*a "&n&*a( hu(um '&rma+u(K&"oli+ian n&*ara, (&/a(+aan a*un*, dan"&n*adilan.



I. DEM:KRASI IND:NESIA

$. )en*ertian" man8aat demokrasi

Pada +aa' ini '&lah dila(u(an "&milihan lan*+un*(&"ala da&rah <Pil(ada=, "ilihan "r&+id&n <Pil"r&+=.Ar'in#a ra(#a' da"a' m&n#am"ai(an a+"ira+i a'au+uaran#a lan*+un* m&milih (&"ala da&rah mi+al

*ub&rnur, ali(o'a, bu"a'i, dan lurah. P&milihan(&"ala da&rah ini dila(u(an d&n*an aralan*+un*, umum, b&ba+,raha+ia <L7)ER=.

G&/ala dimana ra(#a' lan*+un* m&milih "im"inan

"&mrin'ahan ini dinama(an i+'ilah ?d&mo(ra+i@



• P&n*&r'ian d&mo(ra+i b&ra+al dari (a'a

1unani demos dan kratos.• #emos ar'in#a ra(#a'. Kra'o+ ar'in#a

"&m&rin'ahan.

• -adi d&mo(ra+i b&rar'i "&m&rin'ahanra(#a', adalah +ua'u (ondi+i dimana"&m&rin'ahan #an* ra(#a'n#a m&m&*an*"&ran #an* +an*a' m&n&n'u(an.

•

Te adaned *earned;s #itionar ofCurrent !ng*is <Hornb# d((82B%=d&mo(ra+i adalah8



• <%= ountr wit rinsi*es of goernmentwi a** adu*t iti/en sare troug teire**eted reresentatiesJ

• <2= ountr wit goernment wienourage and a**aw rigt of iti/ensi

su as freedom of see,re*igion,oinion,and assiation, te assertion of ru*e of *aw,maorit of ru*e,aomanied b reset forrigts of minorit,

•<= soiet in wi tere is treatment ofea oter b iti/ens as e?ua*s



P&m&rin'ah m&n/amin

(&m&rd&(aanb&rbiara, b&ra*ama,b&r"&nda"a',b&r+&ri(a', "&n&*a((an

hu(um,"&m&rin'ah ma#ori'a+m&lindun*i (aumminori'a+, ma+#ara(a'#an* m&mili(i "&luan*#an* +ama an'ara +a'ud&n*an #an* lainn#a



. 5an8aat demokrasi

•

Adan#a (&(ua+aan n&*ara di 'an*anra(#a', m&mb&ri manaa' ba*i"&r(&mban*an ban*+a, n&*ara, danma+#ara(a' +bb8

%=K&+&'araan ar*a n&*ara,

D&mo(ra+i b&rmanaa' un'u(m&mban*un (&+&'araan baha +&mua

oran* di"&rla(u(an +ama dan +&d&ra/a',bai( dalam (&bi/a(an "&m&rin'ah,mau"un dalam "i(iran dan "ilihann#a.



6. M&n/amin Ha( Ha( Da+ar

D&mo(ra+i m&n/amin (&b&ba+anda+ar dalam m&n*a'a+i "&rb&daan+o+ial, bai( ha( +i"il dan "oli'i+

+&"&r'i8 > ha( (&b&ba+ab b&rbiara

> ha( b&r+&ri(a'

> ha( m&nda"a'(an "&rlindun*an a'a+(&+&lama'an diri

> ha( b&r*&ra(



> ha( (&b&ba+an

b&rbiara > ha( b&r+&ri(a'

> ha(m&nda"a'(an"&rlin

dun*an a'a+(&+&lama'an diri

> ha( b&r*&ra(



;=. P&mbaharuan (&hidu"an +o+ial

D&mo(ra+i m&mb&ri(an "&luan*"&mbaharuan dalam (&hidu"an+o+ial. K&bi/a(an #an* '&lah u+an*

dan dila(u(an "&r*an'ian "oli'i+id&n*an ara +an'un m&n/adi(an"&mbaharuan (&hidu"an +o+ial.



. Jenis-7enis demokrasi

P&n*aruh a('u dan '&m"a' , ma(a '&rda"a' 6 /&ni+ d&mo(ra+i +bb8 <%= ara "&n#am"aian, <2='i'i( "&rha'ian, <= "rin+i" &d&olo*i , dan <6=&&nan* dan hubun*an an'ar ala' (&l&n*(a"ann&*ara,

%. D&mo(ra+i b&rda+ar(an ara "&n#am"aian8

a. D&mo(ra+i Lan*+un*

b. D&mo(ra+i 'a( lan*+un*

. D&mo(ra+i "&ra(ilan dan +i+'&m"&n*aa+an lan*+un* ra(#a'



• Ad D&mo(ra+i lan*+un*, ra(#a' i(u' lan*+un*dalam (&bi/a(an dan (&"u'u+an "&m&rin'ah

• Ad d&mo(ra+i 'a( lan*+un*, ra(#a' m&miliha(il, m&lalui "&milu, a(il adalah oran* #an*i(u' dalam "&n*ambilan (&"u'u+an dan(&bi/a(an "&m&rin'ah

• Ad D&mo(ra+i "&ra(ilan d&n*an +i+'&m"&n*aa+an lan*+un*, m&ru"a(an am"urand&mo(ra+i lan*+un* dan 'a( lan*+un*. Wa(il

ra(#a' dalam m&n/alan(an 'u*a+n#a diaa+ilan*+un* ol&h ra(#a' m&lalui r&&r&ndum danini+ia'i ra(#a'.



2. Demokrasi erdasarkan titik perhatian atau

prioritas.'&rdiri dari d&mo(ra+i ormal, ma'&rial, danam"uran.

• Ad. D&mo(ra+i ormal,+&ara hu(um +&mua oran*m&mili(i (&dudu(an +ama dalam bidan* "oli'i(. IndiFidudib&ri (&b&ba+an +&lua+>lua+n#a +&hin**a di+&bu'

?d&mo(ra+i lib&ral@• Ad. D&mo(ra+i ma'&rial, +&'ia" manu+ia m&mili(i

(&b&ba+an di bidan* &(onomi>+o+ial. S&dan*(an di

bidan* "oli'i( bu(an "riori'a+. D&mo(ra+i inidi(&mban*(an di n&*ara>n&*ara +o+ial>(omuni+ .

• Ad d&mo(ra+i am"uran, am"uran dari d&mo(ra+iormal dan ma'&rial, #a(ni m&ni"'a(an (&ma(murandan "&r+amaan d&ra/a' +&+ama oran*.



;. Demokrasi erdasarkan prinsipideolo*i0 demokrasi lieral dan dandemokrasi rakat. 9&rdiri dari 8 <%=d&mo(ra+i lib&ral, dan <2= d&mo(ra+i ra(#a'a'au "rol&'ar.

Ad.d&mo(ra+i lib&ral, dimana indiFidu dib&ri(&b&ba+an +&b&ba+>b&ba+n#a. Cam"ur'an*an "&m&rin'ah di(uran*i, dan "&m&rin'ahb&r'inda( a'a+ da+ar (on+'i'u+i.

Ad. D&mo(ra+i ra(#a' <"rol&'ar=, n&*ara 'ida(m&mb&da(an (&la+ +o+ial, dan d&mo(ra+i inib&r'u/uan m&n+&/ah'&ra(an ra(#a'.



•

Ad.d&mo(ra+i lib&ral,dimana indiFidu dib&ri(&b&ba+an +&b&ba+>b&ba+n#a.

• Cam"ur 'an*an"&m&rin'ah di(uran*i,dan "&m&rin'ahb&r'inda( a'a+ da+ar(on+'i'u+i

d k i d



• $d 4 Demokrasi ,e,enan* danhuun*an antar alat kelen*kapan ne*ara+bb8 <%= d&mo(ra+i +i+'&m "arl&m&n'&r, <2=d&mo(ra+i +i+'&m "r&+id&n+ial.

• Ad. D&mo(ra+i +i+'&m "arl&m&n'&r, bi+a

diliha' dari iri>iri +bb8 a. DPR l&bih dominan dari "ada "&m&rin'ah

b. K&"ala "&m&rin'ah(&"ala &(+&(u'i di+&bu'P&rdana M&n'ri dan m&mim"in (abin&'

d&n*an +&/umlah m&n'ri #an* b&r'an**un* /aab "ada DPR

( bi/ ( ( bi di i(



.Pro*ram (&bi/a(an (abin&' di+&+uai(an

d&n*an 'u/uan "oli'i( an**o'a "arl&m&nd. K&dudu(an (&"ala n&*ara di"i+ah dari

K&"ala P&m&rin'ahan. 9u*a+n#a han#a+&rimonial m&lan'i( Du'a b&+ar,"an*lima '&r'in**i An*(a'an b&r+&n/a'a.

&. -i(a "&m&rin'ah 'a( mam"u, ma(aan**o'a DPR <"arl&m&n= min'a mo+i 'a(

"&ra#a (&"ada "&m&rin'ah danm&mbubar(an "&m&rin'ah



<2= d&mo(ra+i +i+'&m "r&+id&n+ial, m&m"un#ai

iri>iri +bb8 a. N&*ara di(&"alai "r&+id&n

b. K&(ua+aan &(+&(u'i "r&+id&n b&rda+ar(an(&daula'an #an* di"ilih ra(#a' lan*+un* a'au

badan "&ra(ilan. . Pr&+id&n b&r(ua+a a'a+ m&n*a(a' dan

m&mb&rh&n'i(an m&n'ri

d.M&n'ri 'ida( b&r'an**un* /aab "ada DPR, 'a"i

"ada "r&+id&n. DPR dan Pr&+id&n m&m"un#ai(&dudu(an +ama, dan 'ida( da"a' +&lin*m&mbubar(an.

D l / l / h I d i



• Dalam "&r/alanan +&/arah Indon&+ia

"&rnah m&n/alan(an 6 maam d&mo(ra+i8• %. D&mo(ra+i Parl&m&n'&r lib&ral

• 2. D&mo(ra+i 9&r"im"in

•

. D&mo(ra+i Pana+ila• 6. D&mo(ra+i Lan*+un* "ada &ra

r&orma+i



Ad %.D&mo(ra+i "arl&m&n'&r lib&ral diIndon&+ia

D&mo(ra+i "&rl&m&n'&r b&rla(un#a 77D 6;"ada "&riod& <%06;>%060=,

K&mudian dilan/u'(an "ada ma+ab&rla(un#a RIS <%060 dan 77DS %0;$=

K&buru(ann#a "&m&rin'ah '&r*an'un*

DPR, dan n&*ara dibaah DPR dan (oni((&"&n'in*an "ar"ol '&r/adi +aa' i'u,+&hin**a "&m&rin'ahan 'ida( +'abil

Ad2 D&mo(ra+i '&r"im"in



Ad2. D&mo(ra+i '&r"im"in,

S&'&lah Pr&+id&n Su(arno m&n*&luar(an

d&(ri' "r&+id&n ; -uli %0;0, dimana d&(ri'"r&+id&n b&r'u/uan m&mban*un(&"&mim"inan #an* (ua', (ar&na '&r/adi(&ma&'an "oli'i(, un'u( m&u/ud(an hal i'u

di*una(an D&mo(ra+i 9&r"im"in. K&na"a "a(ai D&mo(ra+i '&r"im"in KrnD&mo(ra+i "arl&m&n'&r <lib&ral= m&nimbul(an"&r"&ahan bai( dalam (&hidu"an "oli'i( dan

&(onomi.

S ( i l d ( i ' i i



S&ara (on+&"+ional d&mo(ra+i '&r"im"inm&mili(i (&libihan8

%= D&mo(ra+i '&r"im"in bu(alah di('a'or

2= D&mo(ra+i '&r"im"in oo( d* (&"ribadiandan da+ar hidu" ban*+a.

= D&mo(ra+i '&r"im"in m&na(u" EP:S<&(onmi "oli'i(,+o+=

6= In'i D&mo 9&r"im"in adalh "&rmu+#aara'an#* di"im"in ol&h h&(ma' (&bi(a+anaan

;= :"o+i+i m&lahir(an "&nda"a' #* +&ha' #an*diharu+(an dalam d&mo '&r"im"in.



D&mo(ra+i Pana+ila adal "alin* oo(



• D&mo(ra+i Pana+ila adal "alin* oo(di'&ra"a(an di Indon&+ia (ar&na b&r+umb&r"ola "i(ir, 'a'a nilai dan buda#a Indon&+ia.

• D&mo(ra+i Pana+ila m&n*andun* ar'i baha"&n**unaan ha(>ha( d&mo(ra+i di+&r'ai ra+a'an**un* /aab (&"ada 9uhan 1ME m&nuru'a*ama dan (&"&ra#aan ma+in*>ma+in*,m&n/un/un* 'in**i mar'aba' dan mar'aba'manu+ia un'u( m&u/ud(an (&adilan +o+ial.

• Dan 'ida( b&r'&n'an*an d&n*an "rin+i"d&mo(ra+i (on+'i'u+ional.



• Namun dalam "ra(a'&(n#a ma+a ma+a

:ERDE )AR7 '&r/adi "&n#im"an*an 'ida(+&/alan d&n*an "rin+i" d&mo(ra+i Pana+ila

ialah +bb8

a. P&n#&l&&n*an "&milu #an* 'ida( /u/ur

b. P&n*&(an*an (&b&ba+an b&r"oli'i( PNS. K&(ua+aan (&ha(iman<1udi(a'i= 'ida(

mandiri, (ar&na "ara ha(im adl PNS"&*aai D&"ar' (&ha(iman

d. Kuran*n#a /aminan m&n*&mu(a(an"&nda"a'



&. +i+'&m (&"ar'aian #an* 'ida( o'onomi dan

b&ra' +&b&lah. Mara(n#a "ra('&( KKN

*.M&n'&ri dan Gub&rnur dian*(a' m&n/adi DPR

4. Demokrasi ER$ RE:%

R&orma+i m&ru"a(an (on+&n+u+ un'u(m&n*ada(an d&mo(ra'i+a+i dalam +&*ala

bidan* (&hidu"an <IP:LEKS:S)7DHANKAM=

R i ' d l h dibid li'i(



• R&orma+i #an* u'ama adalah dibidan "oli'i(,

&(onomi dan hu(um. R&orma+i adalah"&rubahan +&ara b&r'aha", +&dan*(anr&Folu+i adalah "&rubahan b&r(ono'a+i"&rubahan m&nda+ar "ada (om"on&n dlm

+i+'&m "oli'i( dan &nd&run* (&(&ra+an.• M&nuru' Hu'&n*'on <Ca&dar,%003= r&orma+i

ar'in#a ?"&rubahan #an* m&n*arah "ada"&r+amaan "oli'i( n&*ara, &(onomi #an*

m&ra'a, dan "ar'i+i"a+i "oli'i( #an* l&bihlua+.

D ( i d E i ' ' d ( i



• D&mo(ra+i "ada Era r&orma+i '&'a" d&mo(ra+iPana+ila, namun "&rb&daan#a '&rl&'a( "adaa'uran. Dalam "ra('&(n#a a'uran "&la(+anaandan "ra('&( "&n#&l&n**araan d&mo(ra+ir&orma+i +bb@

%. P&milu l&bih d&mo(ra'i+

2. Par"ol #an* l&bih mandiri

. P&n*a'uran '&n'an* HAM

6. L&mba*a d&mo(ra+i l&bih b&run*+i

;. Kon+&" 'ria+ "oli'i(a <'i*a "ilar (&(ua+aann&*ara= ma+in*>ma+in* b&r+ia' o'onomi

pendidikan kewarganegaraan (pkn)

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