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  • 8/6/2019 MIKRO RSBI

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    Company

    LOGO

    BY:

    Cahidin Prasetio

    09339294

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    Learning Objectives

    At the endofthis chapteryouare expected to beable to:

    1. Define motion.

    2. Mention the types ofmotion.

    3. Explain the meaningofpath, speed, velocity, andacceleration.

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    Motion in Physics is relative, meaning it

    depends on the reference point we used. Anobject is consideredmoving when its position

    toa reference point always changes.

    Define of Motion

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    Distance and Displacement

    Distance is the total length of travel irrespective of

    the direction of motion. It is a scalar quantity.

    Displacementis distance moved in the particular

    direction. Displacement is a vector quantity.

    Suppose that anant moves infigure. Initially it stays

    at B, thenmoves straight to A. Lateron it turns to O

    and stops.Determine (a) the distance, and (b) the

    displacement of the ant.

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    Answer

    (a).Distance is the total length of travel irrespectiveof the direction of motion. Hence, the distancetaken by the ant from B to A the to O is thelength of BA added by the length ofAO,

    d= BA + AO = 5 cm +2 cm = 7 cm

    (b).Displacement only depends on the initial and finalposition. Thus, in this case, we only need theinitial position position, which is Xb = +3 cm, andthe final position, which is X0 = 0 cm. The

    displacement is XB-A-O = X0 Xb = 0 cm 3 cm = -3 cm.

    Thus, the displacement of the ant is 3 cm to theleft.

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    Speed and Velocity

    Average Speed andAverage Velocity

    Average speed is the r atio between distance and

    the time interval needed to get the distance..

    where:

    v: average speed (m/s)

    d: total distance travelled (m)

    t :total time taken (s)

    t

    dV !

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    Speed and Velocity

    Company Logo

    Average VelocityAverage velocity is definedas the ratio between

    displacement and the total time taken

    Where:

    v:Average Velocity (m/s)

    s: displacement (m)

    t : total time taken (s)

    t

    X

    tt

    XXVaverage

    (

    (!

    !

    12

    12

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    Example

    An object move straight to the right and takes a distance of 50

    m in 12 s. Then it turns to the opposite direction and travels a

    distance of 10 m on the same path in 3 s.

    What i s (a) the average speed (b) the average velocity?

    Answer

    (a). The total distance tr avelled is 50 m +10 m = 60 m, and the

    total time taken is 12 s + 3 s = 15 s.

    Thus, its average speed is (60 m)/(15 s) = 4 m/s.

    (b). To calculate its average velocity, first we calculate itsdisplacement;

    x = x2 - x1 = (+50 m) + (-10 m) = + 40 m

    thus, v = x / t = (+40 m)/(15 s) = +2,7 m/s.

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    Next week

    1. Acceleration

    2. LinierMotion with Constant velocity

    3. Liniermotion with constant acceleration

    4. Circularmotion

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    Company

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