lm335 sensor de temperatura
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TLH5698
LM135LM2
35LM335LM135ALM235ALM335APrecisionTemperatureSensors
February 1995
LM135LM235LM335 LM135ALM235ALM335A
Precision Temperature SensorsGeneral DescriptionThe LM135 series are precision easily-calibrated integrat-ed circuit temperature sensors Operating as a 2-terminalzener the LM135 has a breakdown voltage directly propor-
tional to absolute temperature at a10 mVK With lessthan 1X dynamic impedance the device operates over a
current range of 400mA to 5 mA with virtually no change inperformance When calibrated at 25C the LM135 has typi-cally less than 1C error over a 100C temperature rangeUnlike other sensors the LM135 has a linear output
Applications for the LM135 include almost any type of tem-perature sensing over a b55C to a150C temperaturerange The low impedance and linear output make interfac-ing to readout or control circuitry especially easy
The LM135 operates over a b55C to a150C temperature
range while the LM235 operates over a b40C to a125C
temperature range The LM335 operates from b40C toa100C The LM135LM235LM335 are available pack-aged in hermetic TO-46 transistor packages while the
LM335 is also available in plastic TO-92 packages
FeaturesY Directly calibrated in KelvinY 1C initial accuracy availableY Operates from 400 mA to 5 mAY Less than 1X dynamic impedanceY Easily calibratedY Wide operating temperature rangeY 200C overrangeY
Low cost
Schematic Diagram
TLH56981
Connection Diagrams
TO-92
Plastic Package
TLH56988
Bottom View
Order Number LM335Z or LM335AZ
See NS Package Number Z03A
SO-8
Surface Mount Package
TLH569825
Order Number LM335M orLM335AM
See NS Package Number M08A
TO-46
Metal Can Package
TLH569826
Bottom View
Case is connected to negative pin
Order Number LM135H
LM135H-MIL LM235H LM335H
LM135AH LM235AH or LM335AH
See NS Package Number H03H
C1995 National Semiconductor Corporation RRD-B30M115Printed in U S A
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Absolute Maximum RatingsIf MilitaryAerospace specified devices are required
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales
OfficeDistributors for availability and specifications
(Note 4)
Reverse Current 15 mA
Forward Current 10 mA
Storage TemperatureTO-46 Package b60C to a180CTO-92 Package b60C to a150CSO-8 Package b65C to a150C
Specified Operating Temp Range
Intermittent
C on tinuou s ( No te 2)
LM135 LM135A b55C to a150C 150C to 200C
LM235 LM235A b40C to a125C 125C to 150C
LM335 LM335A b40C to a100C 100C to 125C
Lead Temp (Soldering 10 seconds)TO-92 Package 260CTO-46 Package 300CSO-8 Package 300C
Vapor Phase (60 seconds) 215CInfrared (15 seconds) 220C
Temperature Accuracy LM135LM235 LM135ALM235A (Note 1)
Parameter Conditions LM135ALM235A LM135LM235
UnitsMin Typ Max Min Typ Max
Operat ing Output Vo lt age TC e 25C IR e 1 mA 297 298 299 295 298 301 V
Uncalibrated Temperature Error TC e 25C IR e 1 mA 05 1 1 3 C
Uncalibrated Temperature Error TMIN s TC s TMAX IR e 1 mA 13 27 2 5 C
Temperature Error with 25C TMIN s TC s TMAX IR e 1 mA 03 1 05 15 CCalibration
Calibrated Error at Extended TCe
TMAX(Intermittent) 2 2 CTemperatures
Non-Linearity IR e 1 mA 03 05 03 1 C
Temperature Accuracy LM335 LM335A (Note 1)
Parameter Conditions LM335A LM335
UnitsMin Typ Max Min Typ Max
Operat ing Output Vo lt age TC e 25C IR e 1 mA 295 298 301 292 298 304 V
Uncalibrated Temperature Error TC e 25C IR e 1 mA 1 3 2 6 C
Uncalibrated Temperature Error TMIN s TC s TMAX IR e 1 mA 2 5 4 9 C
Temperature Error with 25C TMIN s TC s TMAX IR e 1 mA 05 1 1 2 CCalibration
Calibrated Error at Extended TC e TMAX(Intermittent) 2 2 CTemperatures
Non-Linearity IR e 1 mA 03 15 03 15 C
Electrical Characteristics (Note 1)
LM135LM235 LM335
Parameter Conditions LM135ALM235A LM335A Units
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
Operating Output Voltage 400 mAsIRs5 mA 25 10 3 14 mVChange with Current At Constant Temperature
Dynamic Impedance IRe1 mA 05 06 X
Output Voltage Temperature a10 a10 mVCCoefficient
Time Constant Still Air 80 80 sec100 ftMin Air 10 10 sec
Stirred Oil 1 1 sec
Time Stability TCe125C 02 02 Ckhr
Note 1 Accuracy measurements are made in a well-stirred oil bath For other conditions self heating must be considered
Note 2Continuous operation at these temperatures for 10000 hours for H package and 5000 hours for Z package may decrease life expectancy of the device
Note 3 Thermal Resistance TO-92 TO-46 SO-8
iJA(junction to ambient) 202CW 400CW 165CWiJC( junction to case) 170CW NA NA
Note 4 Refer to RETS135H for military specifications
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Typical Performance Characteristics
Reverse Voltage Change Calibrated Error Reverse Characteristics
Response Time Dynamic Impedance Noise Voltage
Thermal Resistance
Junction to Air Thermal Time Constant
Thermal Response
in Still Air
Thermal Response in
Stirred Oil Bath Forward Characteristics
TLH56983
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Application HintsCALIBRATING THE LM135
Included on the LM135 chip is an easy method of calibratingthe device for higher accuracies A pot connected across
the LM135 with the arm tied to the adjustment terminal al-lows a 1-point calibration of the sensor that corrects for
inaccuracy over the full temperature range
This single point calibration works because the output of theLM135 is proportional to absolute temperature with the ex-
trapolated output of sensor going to 0V output at 0K(b273 15C) Errors in output voltage versus temperatureare only slope (or scale factor) errors so a slope calibration
at one temperature corrects at all temperatures
The output of the device (calibrated or uncalibrated) can beexpressed as
VOUTTe VOUTTo
c T
To
where T is the unknown temperature and To is a referencetemperature both expressed in degrees Kelvin By calibrat-
ing the output to read correctly at one temperature the out-put at all temperatures is correct Nominally the output iscalibrated at 10 mVK
To insure good sensing accuracy several precautions mustbe taken Like any temperature sensing device self heating
can reduce accuracy The LM135 should be operated at thelowest current suitable for the application Sufficient current
of course must be available to drive both the sensor andthe calibration pot at the maximum operating temperature
as well as any external loadsIf the sensor is used in an ambient where the thermal resist-
ance is constant self heating errors can be calibrated outThis is possible if the device is run with a temperature stable
current Heating will then be proportional to zener voltageand therefore temperature This makes the self heating er-ror proportional to absolute temperature the same as scale
factor errors
WATERPROOFING SENSORS
Meltable inner core heat shrinkable tubing such as manu-
factured by Raychem can be used to make low-cost water-proof sensors The LM335 is inserted into the tubing about
from the end and the tubing heated above the meltingpoint of the core The unfilled end melts and provides aseal over the device
Typical ApplicationsBasic Temperature Sensor
TLH56982
Calibrated Sensor
TLH56989
Calibrate for 2982V at 25C
Wide Operating Supply
TLH569810
Minimum Temperature Sensing
TLH56984
Average Temperature Sensing
TLH569818
Remote Temperature Sensing
TLH569819
Wire length for 1C error due to wire drop
IR e 1 mA IR e 05 mAAWG FEET FEET
14 4000 800016 2500 5000
18 1600 320020 1000 200022 625 125024 400 800
For IR e 05 mA the trim pot must be deleted
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Isolated Temperature Sensor
TLH569820
Simple Temperature Controller
TLH56985
Simple Temperature Control
TLH569821
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Ground Referred Fahrenheit Thermometer
TLH569822
Adjust R2 for 2554V across LM336
Adjust R1 for correct output
Centigrade Thermometer
TLH569823
Adjust for 27315V at output of LM308
Fahrenheit Thermometer
TLH569824
To calibrate adjust R2 for 2554V across LM336
Adjust R1 for correct output
THERMOCOUPLE COLD JUNCTION COMPENSATION
Compensation for Grounded Thermocouple
TLH56986
Select R3 for proper thermocouple type
THERMO- R3 SEEBECK
COUPLE (g1%) COEFFICIENT
J 377X 523 mVC
T 308X 428 mVC
K 293X 408 mVC
S 458X 64 mVCAdjustments Compensates for both sensor and resistor tolerances
1 Short LM329B
2 Adjust R1 for Seebeck Coefficient times ambient temperature (in degrees
K) across R3
3 Short LM335 and adjust R2 for voltage across R3 corresponding to ther-
mocouple type
J 1432 mV K 1117 mV
T 1179 mV S 1768 mV
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Single Power Supply Cold Junction Compensation
TLH569811
Select R3 and R4 for thermocouple type
THERMO- R3 R4 SEEBECKCOUPLE COEFFICIENT
J 105K 385X 523 mVC
T 856X 315X 428 mVC
K 816X 300X 408 mVC
S 128X 463X 64 mVCAdjustments
1 Adjust R1 for the voltage across R3 equal to the Seebeck Coefficient
times ambient temperature in degrees Kelvin
2 Adjust R2 for voltage across R4 corresponding to thermocouple
J 1432 mV
T 1179 mV
K 1117 mV
S 1768 mV
Centigrade Calibrated Thermocouple Thermometer
TLH569812
Terminate thermocouple reference junction in
close proximity to LM335
Adjustments
1 Apply signal in place of thermocouple and ad-
just R3 for a gain of 2457
2 Short non-inverting input of LM308A and out-
put of LM329B to ground
3 Adjust R1 so that VOUT e 2982V 25C
4 Remove short across LM329B and adjust R2
so that VOUT e 246 mV 25C
5 Remove short across thermocouple
Differential Temperature
Sensor
TLH56987
Fast Charger for Nickel-Cadmium Batteries
Adjust D1 to 50 mV greater VZ than D2
Charge terminates on 5C temperature rise Couple D2 to battery
TLH569813
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Differential Temperature Sensor
TLH569814
Variable Offset Thermometer
Adjust for zero with sensor at 0C and 10T pot set at 0C
Adjust for zero output with 10T pot set at 100C and sensor
at 100C
Output reads difference between temperature and dial setting
of 10T pot
TLH569815
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Typical Applications (Continued)
Ground Referred Centigrade Thermometer
TLH569816
Air Flow Detector
TLH569817
Self heating is used to detect air flow
Definition of TermsOperating Output Voltage The voltage appearing across
the positive and negative terminals of the device at speci-fied conditions of operating temperature and current
Uncalibrated Temperature Error The error between theoperating output voltage at 10 mVK and case temperatureat specified conditions of current and case temperature
Calibrated Temperature Error The error between operat-
ing output voltage and case temperature at 10 mVK overa temperature range at a specified operating current withthe 25C error adjusted to zero
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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters)
Metal Can Package (H)
Order Number LM135H LM235H LM335H LM135AH LM235AH or LM335AH
NS Package Number H03H
8-Lead Molded Small Outline Package (M)
Order Number LM335M or LM335AM
NS Package Number M08A
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LM135LM235LM3
35
LM135ALM235ALM
335APrecisionTemperatureSensors
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) (Continued)
Plastic Package
Order Number LM335Z or LM335AZ
NS Package Z03A
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