Anak dan Prinsip-Prinsip Perlindungan Anak dalam Konvensi Hak Anak

Heru Susetyo, SH. LL.M.M.Si.

Anak & Prinsip-Prinsip Perlindungan Anak dalamKonvensi Hak Anak

FHUI, Juni 2011

CRC Mandala/Bhutan Chapter2Konvensi hak anak/ Conventions on the Rights of The Child (CRC) diadopsi oleh UN General Assembly dengan resolusi 44/25 tanggal 20 November 1989Prosesnya telah dimulai sejak tahun 1979 dengan penetapan International Year of the ChildJauh sebelumnya, Declarations of the Rights of the Child telah diadopsi oleh League of Nations (1924) dan United Nations (1959)Konvensi Hak AnakAdalah Konvensi yang paling banyak diratifikasi di duniaTahun 1990 20 negara meratifikasiAkhir tahun 1990 sudah 57 negaraPada 31 December 1995 telah 185 negara meratifikasiPrinsip Pemberlakuan CRCHas the same meaning for people in all parts of the world.While laying down common standards, the Convention takes into account the different cultural, social, economic and political realities of individual states.Each state may seek its own means to implement the rights common to allPeluang dan tantangan CRCPRINSIP UNIVERSAL CRCNON DISCRIMINATION BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILDTHE RIGHT TO LIFE, SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENTTHE VIEWS OF THE CHILDNON DISCRIMINATIONNo child should suffer discriminationThis applies to every child, irrespective of the childs or his or her parents or legal guardians race, colour, sex,language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic, or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status.BEBAS DISKRIMINASITANPA MEMANDANG

Anak Indonesia

Anak-Anak Gaza :Fatah & Hamas

Anak-Anak Gaza Bermain

BEST INTEREST OF THE CHILDWhen the authorities of a state take decisions which affect children, the best interest of children must be a primary consideration.

THE RIGHT TO LIFE, SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENTThe right to life article includes formulations about the right to survival and to development, which should be ensured : to the maximum extent possibleThe term development should be intepreted in a broad sense, adding a qualitative dimension: not only physical health is intended, but also mental,emotional, cognitive, social and cultural development.THE VIEWS OF THE CHILDChildren should be free to have opinions in all matters affecting them and those views should be given due weight : in accordance with the age and maturity of the child Children have the right to be heard and to have their views taken seriously, including in any judicial or administrative proceedings affecting them. Siapa yang Memonitor CRC?Human Rights CouncilCommittee on ECOSOC RightsCommitte on the Elimination of Racial DiscriminationCommittee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against WomenCommittee Against TortureCommittee on the Rights of the ChildMengimplementasikan CRC : Kewajiban NegaraPasal 4 : undertake all appropriate legislative, administrative and other measures to implement the Convention. Undertake such measures to the maximum extent of their available resources and , where needed, within the framework of international cooperationReview its legislation and ensure that laws are consistent with the conventionMengimplementasikan CRC : Kewajiban Negara (2)Mechanisms may be introduced at the national and local levels to coordinate policies and monitor the implementation of the convention.The political decision-making process is importantAre there opportunities for children themselves and their representatives t make themselves heard?Mengimplementasikan CRC : Kewajiban Negara (3)Education and training of personnel working with childrenDisseminating children rights provisions in understandable languages to the peoplePriority should be given to childrenmKementerian/Lembaga Mana?