dasar analisis spasial

7/23/2019 Dasar Analisis Spasial

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ANALISIS

SPASIAL

Sistem GeograKesehaMasyarDian Sidik Arsyad, SKM. MKM.



OUTLINE PRESENTASI

TEORI (PENGANTAR)• Denisi dan Konsep Analisis Spasial• Sejarah GIS dan Analisis Spasial Bidang Keseha• Potensial Implementasi GIS dan Analisis Spasia

Bidang Kesmas

• Spatial Analysis Framework • eknik analisis spasial !erdasarkan jenis data s• "ontoh Pemetaan dan Analisis Spasial Bidang

Kesehatan• St#di Kas#s K#sta di P#la# erpen$il di Indones

PRAKTEK



DEFINISI DAN KONSEP ANALISISSPASIAL

The frst law o geography according to WaldTobler is "Everything is related to everything elsbut near things are more related than distantthings!

DefenisiSpatial Analysis The study o# the locations and shapes o# geograp#eatures and the relationships between them $Earth Systems %ese&nstitute, '(()*

Analisis spasial adalah s#at# inferensi )is#al dalam !ent#k peta ymer#pakan ga!#ngan dari data spasial dan data atri!#t.

Konsep dasar dari analisis spasial adalah *ke+ilayahan

aspek lokasional %space + location*

Istilah - istilah lain Medi$al eo ra h S atial

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldo_Tobler






DEFINISI DAN KONSEP ANALISISSPASIAL

• 0akta 1 !er!eda lokasi di m#ka !#mi !erkaitanterhadap per!edaan prol lokasi seperti physibiological, environmental, economic, social,cultural, yang jelas mem!erikan pengar#h

terhadap masalah kesehatan, penyakit sertapelayanan kesehatan.

• Prol +ilayah ini serta h#!#ngannya terhadapkondisi dan masalah kesehatan j#ga !er#!ahseiring dengan !erjalannya +akt# Konsep

Spatial dan emporal pidemiology.



SEJARAH DANPERKEMBANGAN

2345 di 6#t!reak 7 8a!ah Kolera di 9ondon menjadi tonggaksejarah !erkem!angnya GIS dan analisis spasial, yang dimotori oleh Dr. :ohn Sno+

Belia# memetakan setiap penderita dan kematian karenakolera dimana 6#t!reak terjadi

Kejadian Kolera saat it# terp#sat %$l#stered' di sekitar pompaair road Street milik So#th+ark and ;a#<hall 8ater "ompany

=ekomendasi Belia# Melepas handle pompa Menghentikan transmisi.

Den an men #nakan eta #nt#k men amati dan

Konsep !ah+a lokasi mempengar#hi kesehatan A!ad ke > SMoleh /ippo$rates, !elia# mengamati !ah+a penyakit?penyakittertent# hanya terjadi di lokasi tertent# saja, dan tidak di tempalain.



PETA DR. JOHN SNOW%DA@ BB=APA =P9IKASI'



POTENSIAL IMPLEMENTASI GIS DANALISIS SPASIAL BIDANG KESM

"omm#ni$a!le Disease "ontrol

n)ironmental /ealth =esear$h, Planning and 6perations

@#trition and Physi$al A$ti)ity

"hild and o#th /ealth

/ealth Promotion

"hroni$ Disease Pre)ention

Al$ohol, o!a$$o and 6ther Dr#gs Ser)i$e %A6DS' pro)ision

Inj#ry

Mental /ealth

;e$tor "ontrolReferensi :S!"i!# An!#$sis% GIS% !n& Re'"e Sensin A#i*!"i"+e He!#"+ S*ien*es% ,---



JOURNAL INTERNATIONA

Jrn!# $!n /er0!i"!n &en!n GIS 1 !n!#isis s!s/i&!n 0ese+!"!n : /ealth ( Pla$e %An International :o#rnal'

http177+++.jo#rnals.else)ier.$om7health?and?pla$e International :o#rnal of /ealth Geographi$s

http177+++.ij?healthgeographi$s.$om7 Spatial And Spatio?emporal pidemiology

http177+++.jo#rnals.else)ier.$om7spatial?and?spatio?temporalogy

Geospatial /ealth

http177+++.geospatialhealth.net7inde<.php7gh International :o#rnal of Applied Geospatial =esear$h %I:AG='

http://www.journals.elsevier.com/health-and-place

http://www.ij-healthgeographics.com/

http://www.journals.elsevier.com/spatial-and-spatio-temporal-epidemiology



http://www.geospatialhealth.net/index.php/gh












"6@6/ A=IK9P@9IIA@

9a#ra Bissonnette, et all, Nei+/r+&s !n& "en"i!# !**ess " +e!#"+f s!"i!# !n& !s!"i!# f!*"rs, /ealth ( Pla$e, ;ol#me 23, Iss#e 5, :#ly C2

aria atalo)i$h, et all.% Ger!+i* &is!ri"ies in #!"e s"!e /re!s" *!n*res#"s fr' ei+" s"!"es in "+e Uni"e& S"!"es% &nternational -ournal o# .e/eographics C24 231>2

oshihar# 0#k#da, et all.% 4!ri!"ins in s*ie"!# *+!r!*"eris"i*s f s!"i!# *#s"ers: e5!'#es f *#n% #n !n& /re!s" *!n*er in J!!n% &nternati

.ealth /eographicsCC4312F =osen!erg MS, et all., S!"i!# !"*rre#!"in f *!n*er in Wes"ern ErEpidemiol 2, 24124-.

ha /an, et all., I'!*" f "/!** "#e" &ensi"$ !n& r5i'i"$ n s'A longit#dinal o!ser)ational st#dy in t+o nglish $ities, /ealth ( Pla$e, ;ol#m

:ia$hen ho#, et all., De"er'in!n"s !n& s!"i!# !""erns f !&#" 6er7e+$er"ensin in ! +i+ HI4 re6!#en*e rr!# S"+ Afri*!n #!"in

;ol#me 23, Iss#e F, @o)em!er C2.



"6@6/ A=IK9P@9IIA@

Ale<is : "om!er, et al. A s!"i!# !n!#$sis f 6!ri!"ins in +e!#"+ !**ess: #in0s*i9e*n'i* s"!"s !n& !**ess er*e"ins% &nternational -ournal o# .eal/eographicsC222-155

Mar$ia "aldas de "astro et all., S!"i!# !""erns f '!#!ri! in "+e A'!n: I'sr6ei##!n*e !n& "!re"e& in"er6en"ins, /ealth ( Pla$e, ;ol#me 2>, Iss#e ,

Britton A. Gi!son,et all., A**essi/i#i"$ !n& "i#i!"in !""erns f ! '/i#e '!'n 6#ner!/#e #!"ins, /ealth ( Pla$e, ;ol#me 3, :#ly C25

=#!en Brondeel,et all., Use f +e!#"+*!re ser6i*es in "+e resi&en*e !n& 7rnei+/r+&: T+e e;e*" f s!"i!# !**essi/i#i"$ " +e!#"+*!re ser6i*es;ol#me >C, @o)em!er C25

Bam!ang Parmanto, et al., S!"i!# !n& '#"i&i'ensin!# 6is!#i!"in f In&+e!#"+ s"!"is"i*s% &nternational -ournal o# .ealth /eographicsCC3=1>C

:oseph = Sharkey, et al.% Ass*i!"in /e"7een r5i'i"$ " !n& *6er!e ff!s"9f& res"!r!n"s !n& nn9"r!&i"in!# f!s"9f& "#e"s !n& f!s"9f&!'n rr!# !&#"s% &nternational -ournal o# .ealth /eographicsC222-1>H

9#kar hornton, et al., Des "+e *+i*e f nei+/r+& ser'!r0e" !*in>en*e !ss*i!"ins 7i"+ in&i6i&!#9#e6e# fri" !n& 6e e"!/#e *ns'



SPATIAL ANAL@SISFRAMEWORK

GIS

Visualization

Exploration

Modelling

Attribute

data

Feature

data

Databases

Maps

Describe

patterns

Testhypotheses

GIS

DBMS

Statistical

Software

Raster

Point

Line

Pol!on

;e$tor

GIS J Geographi$Systems DBMS J Data!aSystems

"on$ept#al frame+ork of spatial epidemiologi$al data analysis %Spatial Analysis in pidem



K9S= P@AKI%DISAS "9S=I@G' Denisi Kl#ster Penyakit 1 Kl#ster penyakitmer#pakan pengelompokkan spasial ata# spa$etime s#at# penyakit yang signikan se$ara stati"l#stered Pola penye!aran se$ara glo!al 7 #m

"l#stering

Pola penye!aran mengik#ti fakto%faktor risiko7determinan'

Pada a+alnya mendeteksi kl#ster sangat s#lit,dengan adanya teknologi informasi serta aplikasmaka semakin m#dah mendeteksi pola penye!a

pnyakit.



M6D DKSI "9S=P@AKI

Metode Deteksi Kl#ster ter!agi menjadi d#G#/!# De"e*"in "es" Mendeteksi polapenye!aran penyakit dan mendeteksi ada tidakkl#ster terjadi di dari sel#r#h +ilayah penelitian

tanpa menet#kan letak lokasi kl#ster terjadi.L*!# De"e*"in "es" Mendeteksi polapennye!aran penyakit, ada tidaknya terjadi kl#serta menent#kan dimana %dan kapan' lokasikl#ster terjadi %mendeteksi hotspot'

Deteksi kl#ster !isa dilak#kan #nt#k data



B@K SPASIA9P@BA=A@ P@AKI



TEHNIK ANALISIS SPASIALBERDASARKAN JENIS DATA SPAS



M6D SAISIK DK"9S= D!"! s!si!# Pin" ("i"i0)G#/!# Tes"

=ipleyLs K 0#n$tion %dan )ariannya'

L*!# Tes"

Kernel Density stimation

K#ldorLs Spatial S$an Statisti$

D!"! s!si!# #$n (!re!)G#/!# "es"

MoranLs I

L*!# "es"

9o$al MoranLs I

K#ldorLs Spatial S$an Statisti$

Hi"esis n## (se'! !n!#isis &!#!' 'en&e"e#s"er :

• =isiko terjadinysama pada sel#+ilayah st#di %=

• idak ada peng7 kl#ster yang t

+ilayah st#di %9



SPAIA9 ( MP6=A9"9S=Spatio-Temporal Diffusion Pattern and Hotspot Detection of Dengue in Chachoengsao Pr



"6@6/ IMP9M@ASIDKSI K9S=M@GG@AKA@ SAS"A@PADA SDI

9P=6S SD 6@ =M6

KI B=

++

>2



Background information on study

General ai"s o# t$e pro%ect& 1. To study the epidemiology of leprosy '( )o stud t$e e##ect o# prop$lactic treat"ent o# contacts on *

deter"inants o# lepros

+Spatial, researc$ -uestions&• Is lepros clustered on t$ese islands

• Are persons .it$ I!M antibodies a!ainst M.leprae clustered

• Do contacts o# patients $a*e an increased ris/ o# bein! seroand is t$ere a di##erence bet.een tpes o# patients



Background info on study area

•Data collected in '000

•1 isolated islands

•2u"ber o# in $abitants& '103'400 per island

•2u"ber o# $ouses& 103110 per island

•'4 $ours b boat #ro" Ma/assar

• A*ailable "ap& 5&'106000



Study area



Transportation to islands



Flat, sandy, coconut trees and coral



DAA "699"I6@

• Pop#lation $ens#s %registration of

all inha!itants per ho#se +ith age

and se<'

• A$ti)e s$reening of +hole

pop#lation for symptoms of leprosy

• Ser#m $olle$tion for anti!ody

dete$tion among pop#lation a!o)e

4 years

• "olle$tion of $lini$al sam les from



P=PA=AI6@ 60 MAPS

• @#m!ered all ho#ses and prepared hand?dra+nmaps indi$ating lo$ation of all ho#ses

• Meas#red latit#de and longit#de of a!o#t e)ery

4th ho#se #sing GPS

• Sit#ated ho#ses +itho#t lat7long !et+een geo?

referen$ed ho#ses in Ar$)ie+

• "al$#lated lat7long of e)ery ho#se

• :oined SPSS le +ith demographi$ and health

data #sing the ho#se?)aria!le



Part of hand-drawn map



map



map

Football

Schools

MosquesHealth

centre



Disease mapping



P=06=MI@G SAS"A@

• P#rely spatial

• Berno#lli model %#sed +hen there are $ases andnon?$asesN people +ith or +itho#t a disease'

• "asesJleprosy patients per ho#se

• "ontrolsJe<amined persons +itho#t leprosy

per ho#se

• "oordinatesJlat and long of e)ery ho#se



‘hotspots of patients’ identified y S!TS"!#



P=SIAPA@ P=AKKA@A9ISIS SPASIA9



PERSIAPAN @ANG DILAKUKAN

• Memahami pertanyaan penelitian yang sesdengan spasial Pelajari artikel penelitianyang mengg#nakan metode analisis spasia

• Menyiapkan data yang ses#ai #nt#k analisis

spasial Pand#an SatS$an

• Menginstal aplikasi GIS #nt#k )is#alisasi pedan analisis spasial &GIS ? SatS$an



SAS"A@ .5 %SAISI" (A@A9SIS'• AnalyOes spatial, temporal and spatio?temporal d

thro#gh a s$an statisti$

• &#i$k assessment of potential $l#sters

• De)eloped !y Martin K#ldor for the @ational "a

Instit#te

• 0reely a)aila!le from +++.sats$an.org

• ser g#ide a)aila!le from http177+++.sats$an.org7$gi?!in7sats$an7register.pl7SaS

n sers G#ide.pdfQtodoJpro$ess #serg#ide do+

http://www.satscan.org/

http://www.satscan.org/cgi-bin/satscan/register.pl/SaTScan_Users_Guide.pdf?todo=process_userguide_download







http://www.satscan.org/



UANTUM GIS(/P177&GIS.6=G7ID7SI7)

• &GIS m#lai dikem!angkan pada tah#n CC oleh GarySherman

• A+alnya hanya !isa dig#nakan di 6S 9in#< 7 ni<

• ;ersi pertama C.C.2 - Alpha %:#ly CC'

• ;ersi .3. - 8ien %0e!r#ary C24'

• ;ersi .2C - *.... %:#ni C24'

• ;ersi terakhir .2 *9yon %6kto!er C24'

• Mer#pakan salah sat# openso#r$e GIS ter!esar dari sisi j#mlah pengg#na

• 0asilitas yang $#k#p lengkap dan 0udah digunakan

dasar analisis spasial

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