CHAPTER 2

TENSESDalam belajar tenses hal yang paling pokok dan perlu dipahami adalah Pattern/Pola dan Keterangan

Waktunya.

A. PresentTenses Pola Ket. Waktu

Present tense S + V1 (es/s)Every …Now, usually, always, generally

Present Continuous S + Tobe + VingNow, at the present, at this moment, today

Present Perfect S + Have/has + V3

Lately, recentlyFor + periode waktuSince + S + V2

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

S + Have/has + Been + Ving

For + periode waktuAll day, this weeksFor the last …Sampai sekarang masih berlangsung

Eg. : We get up early every day. She has been studying hard for the last two months.Catatan :

1. Beberapa kata kerja tidak dapat dalam bentuk continuous adalah :

2. Kata kerja “live” dalam Present perfect sama dengan Present Perfect

Choose the best answer1. A : Where is Tanti ?

B : I don’t know. In fact I ….any of our friends since I arrived.a. did not see c. have not seenb. was not seeing d. do not see

2. A : You look so unhappy, Anton. What’s the matter ?B : My father ….his joba. has just lost c. losingb. have been losing d. is losing

3. A : Several hotels in this region are closing down.

Need, want, remember, forget, like, know, believe, trust, understand, belong, own, appear.

I have lived in Yogya for a years

I have been in Yogya for a yearsI Still Live in Yogya

B : That’s because tourism itself….since last years.a. has declined c. is decliningb. has been declining d. decline

4. A : What are you looking for ?B : My wallet, I don’t know where I ….ita. have been putting c. am puttingb. have put d. put

5. A : Anwar was promoted president of your company last week, wasn’t he ?B : I’m glad he was, he ….in this company for years.a. has been working c. had workedb. is working d. work

B. PastTenses Pola Ket. Waktu

Past tense S + V2Yesterday; Last …. ….ago

Past Continuous S + Tobe + VingWhile… ; As………When + S + V2

Past Perfect S + had + V3Before … ; When …..As … ; Until …

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

S + had + Been + VingFor + periode waktuWhen Before

Eg. : I was walking home when it began to rain. The police has been looking for the robbers for two years before they caught him.

Choose the best answer1. A : When did you take the academic writing course ?

B : Last year, after I ….composition II a. complete c. have completedb. was completing d. had completed

2. The book that I ….in the classroom was found by Alia. had left was leavingb. had been leaving d. would have left

3. A : Did you gets seats at the show last night?B : Not really, we came when the show ….a. to start already c. had already startedb. was already started d. was already started

4. She ….the shoes for five minutes when one of the heels came off.a. am only wearing c. had only wearingb. was only wearing d. have only been wearing

5. A : So you have finished typing those the letters! When did you do it?B : Where you ….the meeting.a. were attending c. have attendedb. attend d. had attended

B. FutureTenses Pola Ket. Waktu

Future tense S + Shall/will + V1 Tomorrow, next …(week, day)

S+ V2

This weekend

Future Continuous S + Shall/will + be + Ving

At this tomorrowAt ten tomorrowWhen + S + V1(es/s)

Future Perfect S + Shall/will + Have + V3By + ket. waktuWhen + S + V1(es/s)

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

S + Shall/will + have + Ving

For + …. By + ket. waktuNext….for ….When + S + V1(es/s) for ket. waktu

Eg. : By the end of this week he will have finished reading the novel. Next year she will have been studying English for three years.

Choose the best answer1. A : Could you tell your brother to meet me at the library tomorrow ?

B : Sure, I ….him.a. will tell c. be tellingb. would have told d. will be telling

2. When you arrive on the 6th floor, give my note to the secretary and she ….you to my officea. directs c. directingb. will direct d. will direct

3. A : I forgot to return this book to the library last weekB : Well. I’m afraid you ….a fine when you return it.a. having to pay c. have had to payc. will have to pay d. had had to pay

4. I hope that by the time my father retires, I ….a joba. get c. have gotb. got d. will have got

5. By the end of this week I ….from Malaysiaa. have been back c. would be backb. may be back d. will have been back