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HKIP 2015

PROPOSAL

PROGRAM HIBAH PENULISAN BUKU TEKSPERGURUAN TINGGI

TAHUN 2015

JARINGAN KOMPUTER

Dr. Istas Pratomo, ST, MT.

INSTITUT TEKNOOGI SEPUUH NOPEMBER

2015



PRAKATA

DATAR ISI

PRAKATA.................................................................................................................................ii

DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................................................. iii

1 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................1

1.1 Dasar Jaringan.............................................................................................................1

1.1.1 K!"i#an $an K%&rangan Jaringan...................................................................1

1.2 Pr '( Pr..................................................................................................................1

1.) C!in' Sr*r................................................................................................................1

1.+ ,&as Jaringan...............................................................................................................1

1.+.1 ,AN......................................................................................................................1

1.+.2 MAN....................................................................................................................1

1.+.) -AN.....................................................................................................................1

1.5 K!asii%asi Jaringan.....................................................................................................1

1.5.1 In'ran'.................................................................................................................1

1.5.2 E/'ran'................................................................................................................1

1. T((!(g Jaringan.......................................................................................................1

1..1 BUS......................................................................................................................1

1..2 Ring......................................................................................................................1

1..) S'ar.......................................................................................................................1

1..+ Tr.......................................................................................................................1

1..5 H"ri$..................................................................................................................2

1.. Ms#.....................................................................................................................2

1.3 Pra%'%.........................................................................................................................2

i



1.4 T&gas...........................................................................................................................2

1. S(a!,a'i#an..................................................................................................................2

1.10 6&i7..........................................................................................................................2

2 KOMPONEN JARINGAN................................................................................................)

2.1 Sr*r...........................................................................................................................)

2.2 C!in'...........................................................................................................................)

2.) Ga'8a.......................................................................................................................)

2.+ S8i'9#ing.....................................................................................................................)

2.+.1 H&".......................................................................................................................)

2.+.2 S8i'9#...................................................................................................................)

2.+.) Bri$g...................................................................................................................)

2.+.+ R(&'r...................................................................................................................)

2.5 M($:.........................................................................................................................)

) MEDIA TRANSMISI........................................................................................................)

).1 Ka"!............................................................................................................................)

).1.1 Ka"! C(a/ia! RG;54 $an K(n%'(r BNC;T.......................................................)

).1.2 T8is'$ Pair..........................................................................................................)

).1.) Fi"r O'i%...........................................................................................................5

).2 Nir%a"!.......................................................................................................................5

).2.1 An'na..................................................................................................................5

+ TRANSMISI DATA...........................................................................................................5

+.1 Kaasi'as Trans:isi.....................................................................................................5

+.1.1 Ban$8i$'#............................................................................................................5

+.1.2 Bi'ra'...................................................................................................................5

+.2 Jnis Trans:isi............................................................................................................5

+.2.1 Trans:isi sa'& ara# <si:!/=..............................................................................

+.2.2 Trans:isi $&a ara# "rgan'ian <#a! $&!/=........................................................

ii



+.2.) Trans:isi $&a ara# <"rsa:aan=...........................................................................

+.) Ara# Trans:isi............................................................................................................

+.).1 Uni9as'..................................................................................................................

+.).2 M&!'i9as'...............................................................................................................

+.).) Br(a$9as'..............................................................................................................

+.+ T&gas...........................................................................................................................

+.5 S(a! ,a'i#an.................................................................................................................

+. 6&i7.............................................................................................................................

5 PROTOCO, KOMUNIKASI............................................................................................3

5.1 OSI MODE,...............................................................................................................3

5.2 TCP>IP.........................................................................................................................3

5.) SP?>IP?......................................................................................................................3

5.+ ?25..............................................................................................................................3

JARINGAN NIRKABE,...................................................................................................3

.1 -,AN.........................................................................................................................3

.1.1 K!"i#an $an K%&rangan -,AN.....................................................................3

.2 K(:(nn Jaringan Nir%a"!......................................................................................3

.2.1 N'8(r% In'ra9 Nir%a"!..................................................................................3

.2.2 A%ss P(in' Nir%a"!............................................................................................4

.) K(nig&rasi Jaringan Nir%a"!....................................................................................4

.).1 K(nig&rasi Jaringan A$ #(9 $an Pr '( Pr.....................................................4

.+ T%n(!(gi -IMA?......................................................................................................4

.+.1 K!"i#an $an K%&rangan -,AN.....................................................................4

.5 Pra%'% K(nig&rasi Jaringan K(:&'r.....................................................................4

. T&gas...........................................................................................................................4

.3 S(a! ,a'i#an.................................................................................................................4

.4 6&i7.............................................................................................................................4

iii



3 SER@ER JARINGAN KOMPUTER.................................................................................

3.1 -" Sr*r..................................................................................................................

3.1.1 S:an'i9 -".......................................................................................................

3.2 Da'a"as Sr*r...........................................................................................................

3.2.1 !.............................................................................................................................

3.) Pr(/ Sr*r................................................................................................................

3.).1 !.............................................................................................................................

3.+ E:ai Sr*r.................................................................................................................

3.+.1 !.............................................................................................................................

3.5 FTP Sr*r...................................................................................................................

3.5.1 !.............................................................................................................................

3. R:(' Sr*r.............................................................................................................

3..1 !.............................................................................................................................

3.3 DNS Sr*r..................................................................................................................

3.3.1 !.............................................................................................................................

3.4 P&sa' Da'a....................................................................................................................

3.4.1 !...........................................................................................................................10

3. T&gas.........................................................................................................................10

3.10 S(a! ,a'i#an...........................................................................................................10

3.11 6&i7........................................................................................................................10

4 SIMU,ATOR JARINGAN KOMPUTER.......................................................................11

4.1 Pa9%' Tra9r.............................................................................................................11

4.2 N'8(r% Si:&a'(r <NS2=...........................................................................................11

4.2.1 !...........................................................................................................................11

4.) T&gas..........................................................................................................................11

4.+ S(a! ,a'i#an...............................................................................................................11

4.5 6&i7...........................................................................................................................11

i*



TOO,>AP,IKASI JARINGAN.......................................................................................12

.1 R(&'ing IGP...............................................................................................................12

.1.1 !...........................................................................................................................12

.2 T&gas.........................................................................................................................12

.) S(a! ,a'i#an...............................................................................................................12

.+ 6&i7...........................................................................................................................12

10 MANAJEMEN JARINGAN KOMPUTER.....................................................................12

10.1 M(ni'(ring Trai%..................................................................................................12

11 INTERNET......................................................................................................................1)

11.1 Dari Jaringan K(:&'r % In'rn'......................................................................1)

11.1.1 !...........................................................................................................................1)

11.2 T&gas......................................................................................................................1)

11.) S(a! ,a'i#an...........................................................................................................1)

11.+ 6&i7........................................................................................................................1)

DAFTAR PUSTAKA...............................................................................................................1)

G,OSARIUM.............................................................................................................................I

INDEKS....................................................................................................................................II

*



1 PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Dasar Jar!"#a"

K!"i#an $an K%&rangan Jaringan

1.2 P$$r to P$$r

1.% &'!$"t S$r($r

1.) L*as Ar$a Jar!"#a"

PAN

LAN

MAN

+AN

1.5 K'as!!-as! Jar!"#a"

I"tra"$t

Etra"$t /I"t$r"$t

1. Too'o#3 Jar!"#a"

BUS

K&ngg&!an

K!:a#an

R!"#

1



Star

Tr$$

H34r!

M$s6

1.7 Pra-t$-

1.8 T*#as

1.9 Soa'Lat!6a"

1.10 :*!;

2



2 KOMPONEN JARINGAN

2.1 &'!$"t

2.2 N$t<or- I"t$ra=$ &ar

2.% S$r($r

2.) Gat$<a3

)



2.5 S<!t=6!"#

H*4

S<!t=6

Br!#$

A-s$s Po!"t

Ro*t$r

2. Mo$m

+



% TOPOLOGI JARINGAN

%.1 Ka4$'

) MEDIA TRANSMISI

).1 Ka4$'

Ka4$' &oa!a' RG>58 a" Ko"$-tor BN&>T

T<!st$ Pa!r

Ko"!#*ras! Stra!#6t a" P$"##*"aa""3a

Ko"!#*ras! &ross a" P$"##*"aa""3a

&r!m!"# Too'

5



'*-$

!4$r Ot!-

).2 N!r-a4$'

A"t$"a



3



5 PROTO&OL KOMUNIKASI

5.1 OSI MODEL

5.2 T&P?IP

PROTOKOLROUTING

.1 OSI MODEL

7 PENGALAMATAN /ADDRESSING

7.1 IP()

7.2 IP(

8 SUBNETTING

4



9 UNJUK KERJA JARINGAN

9.1 Kaas!tas Tra"sm!s!

Ba"<!t6

B!trat$

9.2 J$"!s Tra"sm!s!

Tra"sm!s! sat* ara6 /s!m'$

Pn!asan

9(n'(#

Tra"sm!s! *a ara6 4$r#a"t!a" /6a' *'$

Pn!asan

9(n'(#

Tra"sm!s! *a ara6 /4$rsamaa"

Pn!asan

9(n'(#

9.% Ara6 Tra"sm!s!

U"!=ast

M*'t!=ast

Broa=ast

Gambar 4.1 Gambar

Tabe 4.1 Gambar

S*4 4a4 1

9.) T*#as

9.5 Soa' Lat!6a"



9. :*!;

Gambar 4.2 Gambar

10



10 JARINGAN NIRKABEL

10.1 +LANK$'$4!6a" a" K$-*ra"#a" +LAN

10.2 Komo"$" Jar!"#a" N!r-a4$'

N$t<or- I"t$ra=$ N!r-a4$'

A-s$s Po!"t N!r-a4$'

10.% Ko"!#*ras! Jar!"#a" N!r-a4$'

Ko"!#*ras! Jar!"#a" A 6o= a" P$$r to P$$r

10.) T$-"o'o#! +IMA@

11



K$'$4!6a" a" K$-*ra"#a" +LAN

10.5 Pra-t$- Ko"!#*ras! Jar!"#a" Kom*t$r

10. T*#as

10.7 Soa' Lat!6a"

10.8 :*!;

12



11 SIMULATOR JARINGAN KOMPUTER

11.1 Pa=-$t Tra=$r

11.2 N$t<or- S!m*ator /NS2

'

'

11.% T*#as

11.) Soa' Lat!6a"

11.5 :*!;

1)



12 TOOL?APLIKASI JARINGAN

12.1 Ro*t!"# IGP

'

'

12.2 T*#as

12.% Soa' Lat!6a"

12.) :*!;

1% KEAMANAN JARINGAN

Ka:anan aringan saa' ini :na$i is& ang sanga' n'ing $an 'r&s "r%:"ang.

B"raa %as&s :nang%&' %a:anan sis': saa' ini Pr%:"angan '%n(!(gi %(:&'r

s!ain :ni:"&!%an "ana% :anaa' &ga ::i!i%i "ana% sisi "&r&%. Sa!a# sa'&na a$a!a#

srangan 'r#a$a sis': %(:&'r ang 'r#&"&ng % In'rn'. S"agai a%i"a' $ari srangan

i'& "ana% sis': %(:&'r a'a& aringan ang 'rgangg& "a#%an :na$i r&sa%. Un'&%

:nangg&!angi #a! 'rs"&' $ir!&%an sis': %a:anan ang $aa' :nangg&!angi $an

:n9ga# %gia'an;%gia'an ang :&ng%in :nrang sis': aringan %i'a.

Da!a: r%:"angan '%n(!(gi $8asa ini s"&a# in(r:asi :na$i sanga' n'ing

"agi s"&a# (rganisasi. In(r:asi 'rs"&' "iasana $aa' $ia%ss (!# ara ngg&nana.

A%an ''ai a$a :asa!a# "ar& ang "ra%i"a' $ari %'r"&%aan a%ss 'rs"&'. Masa!a#;

:asa!a# 'rs"&' an'ara !ain a$a!a# s"agai "ri%&'

1. P:!i#araan *a!i$i'as $an in'gri'as $a'a a'a& in(r:asi 'rs"&'

2. Ja:inan %'rs$iaan in(r:asi "agi ngg&na ang "r#a%

). Pn9ga#an a%ss sis': $ari ang 'i$a% "r#a%

+. Pn9ga#an a%ss in(r:asi $ari ang 'i$a% "r#a%

Kgia'an $an #a!;#a! ang ::"a#aa%an %a:anan aringan an'ara !ain a$a!a# #a!;#a!

s"agai "ri%&'

1. Pr("Pr(" a'a& ang "iasa $is"&' r("ing a$a!a# s&a'& &sa#a &n'&% :nga%ss sis':

a'a& :n$aa'%an in(r:asi 'n'ang sis':. C(n'(# s$r#ana $ari r("ing a$a!a#

r9("aan !(g in % s&a'& a99(&n' ang 'i$a% $ig&na%an. Pr("ing $aa' $iana!(gi%an

$ngan :ng&i %n(;%n( in'& &n'&% :n9ari in'& ang 'i$a% $i%&n9i s#ingga

$aa' :as&% $ngan :&$a#. Pr("ing 'i$a% "gi'&"r"a#aa "agi sis': aringan %i'a

na:&n "iasana $ii%&'i (!# 'in$a%an !ainang !"i# ::"a#aa%an %a:anan.

2. S9an

S9an a$a!a# r("ing $a!a: &:!a# "sar :ngg&na%an s&a'& '((!. S9an"iasana

:r&a%an a8a! $ari srangan !angs&ng 'r#a$a sis': ang (!#!a%&na

$i':&%an :&$a# $israng.

). Pa9%' Snir

1+



Pa9%' snir a$a!a# s"&a# r(gra: ang :nang%a <9a'&r= $a'a $ari a%'ang

!8a' $i aringan. Da'a 'rs"&' "isa 'r:as&% &sr na: ass8(r$ $anin(r:asi;

in(r:asi n'ing !ainna ang !8a' $i aringan $a!a: "n'&% '/'.Pa%' ang $aa'

$i'ang%a 'i$a% #ana sa'& a%' 'ai "isa "r&:!a# ra'&san"a#%an ri"&an ang

"rar'i !a%& :n$aa'%an ri"&an &sr na: $anass8(r$. Dngan ass8(r$ i'&

!a%& $aa' :ngiri:%an srangan "sar"saran% sis':.

+. Dnia! ( Sr*i9

Dnia! ( sr*i9 <D(S= "r'&&an &n'&% :n9ga# ngg&na :n$aa'%an!aanan

$ari sis':. Srangan D(S $aa' 'ra$i $a!a: "ana% "n'&%.Pnrang $aa'

::"aniri <!(($= aringan $ngan $a'a ang sanga' "sara'a& $ngan sngaa

:ng#a"is%an s&:"r $aa ang ::ang 'r"a'as sr'ir(9ss 9(n'r(! "!(9%

<PCB= a'a& n$ing n'8(r% 9(nn9'i(n. Pnrang &ga:&ng%in saa :nga9a&%an

%(:(nn isi% $ari aringan a'a& ::ani&!asi $a'aang s$ang $i%iri: 'r:as&%

$a'a ang 'rn%risi.

1%.1 !r$<a''

FIRE-A,, $aa'$is"&' ga'%r a'a&nagain'&gr"ang ang :!in$&ngi

in'rn' r&sa#aan$ariaringan%(:&'r!aiina$ariin'r&sia'a&n&s& ir8a!!

&gaa$a&:&:na$ig&na%an&n'&%:ng(n'r(!a%ss'r#a$asiaa&n ang

::i!i%ia%ss'r#a$aaringanri"a$i$arii#a%!&ar is'i!a# ir8a!! :na$iis'i!a#gnri%

ang :r&&%a$asis': ang :nga'&r%(:&ni%asian'ar$&aaringan ang "r"$a.

Mnginga'saa'ini"ana%r&sa#aan ang ::i!i%ia%ss% In'rn'

$an&ga'n'&saaaringan%(r(ra' $i $a!a:na :a%ar!in$&ngan'r#a$aas' $igi'a!

r&sa#aan'rs"&'$arisranganara #a9%r !a%&si(nas a'a&&nn9&ri $a'a !ainna

:na$isnsia!.

Fir8a!! a$a!a# s&a'& sis': rang%a' !&na% ang :ngi7in%an !a!& !in'as aringanang $iangga a:an &n'&% "isa :!a!&ina $an :n9ga# !a!& !in'as aringan ang $iangga

'i$a% a:an. U:&:na s"&a# ':"(%;ai $i'ra%an $a!a: s"&a# :sin 'r$$i%asi ang

"ra!an a$a in'& gr"ang <GATE-A= an'ara aringan !(%a! $ngan aringan In'rn'.

FIRE-A,, a$a!a# rang%a' %a:anan "isa "r&a r(gra: rang%a' !&na% a'a&

a!a' aringan <#ar$8ar= %#&s&s. T&&an &'a:a $ari ir8a!! a$a!a# &n'&% ::isa#%an $ara#

ang a:an $ari $ara# ang %&rang a:an $an &n'&% :ng(n'r(! %(:&ni%asi an'ara

%$&ana. Fir8a!! $aa' :!a%&%an "r"agai &ngsi !ainna ''ai 'r&'a:a "r'angg&ng

a8a" &n'&% :ngn$a!i%an %(:&ni%asi in"(&n$ $an (&'"(&n$ $ari sa'& %(:&'r % s!&r&#

aringan. F&ngsi Fir8a!! Pa$a Jaringan

1. Mng(n'r(! $an :nga8asi a%' $a'a ang :nga!ir $i aringan Fir8a!!

#ar&s $aa' :nga'&r ::i!'r $an :ng(n'r(! !a!& !in'as $a'a ang $ii7in&n'&% :nga%ss aringan ri*a' ang $i!in$&ngi ir8a!!

2. Fir8a!! #ar&s $aa' :!a%&%an :ri%saan 'r#a$a a%' $a'a ang a%an

:!a8a'i aringan ri*a'

). M!a%&%an a&'n'ii%asi 'r#a$a a%ss

+. Fir8a!! :a:& ::ri%sa !"i# $ari s%$ar #a$r $ari a%' $a'a

%:a:&an ini :n&n'&' ir8a!! &n'&% :a:& :n$'%si r('(%(! a!i%asi

'r'n'& ang ssii%asi

5. Mn9a'a' s'ia 'ransa%si %a$ian ang 'ra$i $i ir8a!!. Ini ::&ng%in%an

::"an'& s"agai n$'%sian $ini a%an %:&ng%inan n"(!an aringan

15



In'r&si(n D'9'i(n Ss': <IDS= a$a!a# s"&a# sis': &n'&% :n$'%sina!a#g&naan

aringan $an s&:"r $aa %(:&'r. IDS ::i!i%i s&:!a# sns(rang $ig&na%an &n'&%

:n$'%si n&s&an. C(n'(# sns(r :!i&'i

1. S"&a# sns(r &n'&% ::(ni'(r TCP r&s'2. ,(g i! :(ni'(r

). Fi! in'gri' 9#9%r

IDS ::i!i%i $iagra: "!(% ang 'r$iri $ari ) "&a# :($&! s"agai "ri%&'

1. M($&! sns(r <sns(r :($&!=

2. M($&! ana!isis <ana!7r :($&!=

). M($&! "asis $a'a <$a'a"as :($&!=

Sis': IDS "r'angg&ng a8a" &n'&% :ng&:&!%an $ara;$a'a $ari sns(r

$an%:&$ian :ngana!isisna &n'&% $i"ri%an %a$a a$:inis'ra'(r %a:ananaringan.

T&&anna a$a!a# &n'&% ::"ri%an ringa'an 'r#a$a gangg&an a$aaringan.T%n(!(gi IDS s9ara &:&: 'r"agi :na$i NIDS <N'8(r% In'r&si(n

D'9'i(nSs':= $an HIDS <H(s' In'r&si(n D'9'i(n Ss':=. Sn(r' a$a!a# sa!a# sa'&

(ns(&r9 ang "ai% &n'&% NIDS. Sis': $'%si Sn(r' 'r$iri $ari sns(r $an ana!7r.Dalam merencanakan suatu keamanan jaringan, ada beberapa metode yang

dapatditerapkan. Metode-metode tersebut adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Pembatasan akses pada suatu jaringan

Ada 3 beberapa konsep yang ada dalam pembatasan akses jaringan,yaknisebagai berikut:

a. Internal Passord AuthenticationPassord yang baik menjadi penting dan sederhana dalam keamanan

suatujaringan. !ebanyakan masalah dalam keamanan jaringan disebabkankarenapassord yang buruk. "ara yang tepat antara lain denganmenggunakanshado passord dan menonakti#kan $%$P.

b. &er'er-based passord authenticationc. %ireall dan (outing "ontrold. Metode enkripsi

Dasar enkripsi cukup sederhana. Pengirim menjalankan #ungsi enkripsi padapesan plainte)t, cipherte)t yang dihasilkan kemudian dikirimkan leat

jaringan,dan penerima menjalankan #ungsi dekripsi *decryption+ untukmendapatkanplainte)t semula. Proses enkripsidekripsi tergantung padakunci *key+ rahasiayang hanya diketahui oleh pengirim dan penerima.!etika kunci dan enkripsi inidigunakan, sulit bagi penyadap untukmematahkan cipherte)t, sehinggakomunikasi data antara pengirim danpenerima aman.

2. Pemonitoran terjadal terhadap jaringan

1) MANAJEMEN JARINGAN

1).1 Mo"!tor!"# Tra!-

1



15 INTERNET

15.1 Dar! Jar!"#a" Kom*t$r -$ I"t$r"$t

'

'

15.2 T*#as

15.% Soa' Lat!6a"

15.) :*!;

1 SERER JARINGAN KOMPUTER

1.1 +$4 S$r($r

S$ma"t!= +$4

1.2 Data4as$ S$r($r

'

'

1.% Pro3 S$r($r

'

'

1.) Ema! S$r($r

'

'

1.5 TP S$r($r

'

13



'

1. R$mot$ S$r($r

'

'

1.7 DNS S$r($r

'

'

1.8 P*sat Data

'

'

1.9 T*#as

1.10Soa' Lat!6a"

1.11 :*!;

14



DATAR PUSTAKA

1



GLOSARIUM

I



INDEKS

II

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