bbm_en-gb_2015.4

2015.4

Bus Builders ManualF-seriesBus Bodybuilding Instructions

Introduction

1.1 Scania's business concept and environmental policyBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.1 Scania's business concept and environmental policy > Scania's business conceptScania's business concept

Scania's business concept is to offer high quality heavy vehicles and services to its customers for the efficient road haulage of goods and passengers. Through focusing on the customer needs, produc-ing high-quality products and services, and main-taining respect for the individual, Scania creates added value for customers and continues to grow with consistent profitability.

Scania's activities are aimed at developing and manufacturing vehicles designed to lead the mar-ket in terms of performance and operating efficien-cy throughout the vehicle's life cycle, combined with high quality and environment-friendly fea-tures.

Scania's sales and service organisation aims to pro-vide customers with vehicles and services having the highest availability at the lowest cost while re-taining favourable environmental features throughout the economic life of the vehicle.Issue 2015.4 en-GB 3

1.1 Scania's business concept and environmental policy

Scania's environmental policy

Scania is continually improving the environmental performance of its products, processes and servic-es. This improvement effort is based on commer-cial and other considerations where the observance of legal requirements is fundamental. Scania's en-vironmental work is proactive and is based on a life cycle perspective. For further information about Scania's regulations for chemical substanc-es, see Scania's blacklist (STD4158) and Scania's grey list (STD4159). For more information see the Attachment. Scania's blacklist specifies chemical substances that must not be used. Scania's grey list specifies chemical substances that may only be used to a limited extent.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.1 Scania's business concept andFor further information on Scania's regulations for chemical substances, see (only in English and Swedish):

Chemical substances that must not be used: Scan-ia's blacklist (STD 4158).

Chemical substances with limited use: Scania's grey list (STD 4159). environmental policy > Scania's environmental policy

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1.2 Scania's bus bodybuilding instructionsBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.2 Scania's bus bodybuilding instructions > LiabilityLiability

REQUIREMENT!Modifications of the chassis or its systems, which are not described in the instructions, must not be made without permission from Scania CV AB.

If the bus bodybuilder wishes to carry out a modi-fication and deviate from the standard version of the chassis then he must contact Scania, [email protected], and fill in a deviation report. The specimen document "Deviation re-quest" is available in the BBM via SAIL. The bus bodybuilder must obtain written approval for the modification.Issue 2015.4 en-GBScania's bus chassis have been developed in ac-cordance with Scania's product policy and in close cooperation with bus bodybuilders.

The purpose of the following bus bodybuilding in-structions is to make it easier for bus bodybuilders to achieve the quality expected by Scania custom-ers.Bus bodybuilding instructionsScania retains the right to modify products without simultaneously amending the bus bodybuilding in-structions. However, these are always adjusted af-terwards and as soon as feasibly possible.

Due to product modifications it is extremely im-portant that the bus bodybuilder makes sure to have access to the latest issue of the Scania Bus Builder's Manual and attendant documentation.

Old versions of BBM and related documentation can be obtained via:

[email protected]

1.2 Scania's bus bodybuilding instructionsREQUIREMENT!The bus bodybuilder must follow Scania's require-ments which are described in the bus bodybuilding instructions and comply with national laws and regulations when bus bodybuilding with Scania's chassis.

REQUIREMENT!The functionality and quality of chassis compo-nents must remain unimpaired after bus body-building.

Scania's responsibilityThe bus bodybuilding instructions contain Scania requirements, recommendations and advice for bus bodybuilding.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.2 Scania's bus bodybuilding instNote the warning symbolsThe BBM contains symbols that indicate danger-ous or important work procedures. Always read and follow warnings and instructions.

REQUIREMENT!Used when Scania requires that the bus bodybuild-er follows the instructions in the BBM closely, in order to guarantee safety and the validity of the warranty.

WARNING!

Used when incorrect action may result in personal injury.

IMPORTANT!

Used when incorrect action may result in damage to the vehicle or other property.ructions > LiabilityNote:Used when incorrect action may result in a poor outcome or unnecessary work.6

1.2 Scania's bus bodybuilding instructionsThe bus bodybuilder's responsibilityThe bus bodybuilder is answerable to its customer for ensuring that the bus bodybuilding is carried out in accordance with Scania's instructions and that the finished bus fulfils the safety and legal re-quirements in force.

IMPORTANT!

The bus bodybuilder assumes all responsibility for modifications that have not been approved by Sca-nia.

The bus bodybuilder is responsible, together with the distributor in the customer's country, for all documentation concerning the functionality, oper-ation and maintenance of the finished bus.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.2 Scania's bus bodybuilding instThe distributor's responsibilityFor the sale of the finished bus, the distributor is responsible to the customer for ensuring that the bodywork conforms to Scania's instructions and that in other respects the vehicle meets the national legal requirements and safety regulations in force.ructions > LiabilityComments to ScaniaScania appreciates all suggestions for improve-ment as we are continually working to make the BBM as user-friendly as possible. For feedback or error reports, please contact:

[email protected]

1.3 Chassis modificationBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.3 Chassis modification > Deviation requestDeviation request

REQUIREMENT!Modifications to the chassis or its systems, which are not described in the instructions, are not al-lowed without written permission from Scania CV AB.

To obtain permission from Scania CV AB, the fol-lowing procedure shall be followed:

1. The bodybuilder sends a deviation request to Scania CV AB.

2. Scania CV AB looks into the request.3. Once this investigation is complete, Scania in-

forms the bodybuilder whether the deviation request has been approved or rejected.

The form for the deviation request is on the BBM web page via SAIL. Information on creating a de-viation request is outlined in this chapter.Issue 2015.4 en-GBIMPORTANT!

Modifications not approved by Scania are the sole responsibility of the bodybuilder.8

1.3 Chassis modificationCreating a deviation request1. Enter the SAIL portal (https://sail.scan-

ia.com). Click on Bus Builders Manual (BBM). A new window to the TIL will open automatically (Technical Information Li-brary).

2. Click on deviation request (1), see figure.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.3 Chassis modification > Deviatio1. Deviation request

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1.3 Chassis modification3. Select "Authorization request to make a chas-sis alteration" if you wish to request a change in chassis components. Select "Authorization request to deviate from the Scania Bus Build-er's Manual" if you wish to request something that differs from the BBM recommendations.

4. Fill in the form, enter the attachment and click on "SEND".

5. When the form has been sent, a new window will open automatically with a copy of the in-formation sent. Copy this information so that it can be used later.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.3 Chassis modification > Deviation request337

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1.4 BBFS (Bus Builders Function Settings)BBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.4 BBFS (Bus Builders Function Settings) > BBFSBBFS

REQUIREMENT!The BBFS form must be completed by the body-builder and sent along with the bus for the final BBMQA inspection at the Scania dealer.

The BBFS form is available on the BBM web page via SAIL. This chapter describes the information on how to get the BBFS form.Issue 2015.4 en-GB 11

1.4 BBFS (Bus Builders Function Settings)How to find BBFS1. Enter the SAIL portal (https://sail.scan-

ia.com). Click on Bus Builders Manual (BBM). A new window will automatically open to the TIL (Technical Information Li-brary).

2. Click "Search" (1), see Fig.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.4 BBFS (Bus Builders Function 1Settings) > BBFS347

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1.4 BBFS (Bus Builders Function Settings)3. Select "14 Appendix" in Chapter (2).

4. Select the language (3).

5. Click "Search" (4).Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.4 BBFS (Bus Builders Function 2

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1.4 BBFS (Bus Builders Function Settings)6. Click on the orange box "Bus Builder's Func-tion Settings (BBFS)" (5) to open the BBFS as PDF.

For more information about completing the BBFS, see chapter 11.7 Bodybuilder connections.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.4 BBFS (Bus Builders Function Settings) > BBFS347

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1.5 BBMQAceBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.5 BBMQA > Bus Builder's Manual Quality AssuranceBus Builder's Manual Quality Assuran

QA

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221Issue 2015.4 en-GBBackgroundFinal function settings and inspections must be performed on the finished bodywork in order to ensure the quality of the bus. The bus must under-go a Quality Assurance Inspection (BBMQA) and a delivery maintenance (DI).

The BBMQA is mandatory and a condition for the delivery maintenance to be carried out. In this way the quality of the bus is assured throughout the en-tire manufacturing process, i.e. chassis manufac-ture, bus bodybuilding and delivery maintenance.Function settingsThere are a number of functions that the bus body-builder can engage in different ways. In certain cases the settings need to be changed in the control units. This is carried out in connection with BBM-QA.

For the settings to be correct the bus bodybuilder must provide information to the Scania workshop that shall conduct the BBMQA. This is performed with each bus on the specimen document entitled BBFS (Bus Builder's Function Settings). For fur-ther information, see chapter 11.7 Bodybuilder connections.15

1.5 BBMQAInspection proceduresScania is responsible for the training of dealers and bus bodybuilders.

Faults detected in BBMQA inspections must be rectified before the bus is delivered to the custom-er. The dealer reports defects found to the bus bodybuilder and Scania.

The BBMQA supervisor at the dealer has access to Scania's defect reporting system and reports via the Internet and sends in a SOPS file (Scania On-board Product Specification). The report must be submitted to Scania within a week after the com-pleted BBMQA inspection.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.5 BBMQA > Bus Builder's Manual Quality Assurance16

1.6 Transport damageBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.6 Transport damage > GeneralGeneral

Global transport insuranceScania CV AB has a global transport insurance that covers all transport in which Scania is respon-sible for risk, such as chassis transport.

The insurance covers multi-risks that are in effect, regardless of the type of transport, including when the chassis is delivered on its own wheels.

Scania global transport insurance is in effect around the world, except in the following coun-tries:

Russia Brazil Argentina Chile Mexico Morocco China Iran IraqIssue 2015.4 en-GBTransport damage claims with Scania insuranceWhenever transport damage is found it is impor-tant that the damage is claimed with both the trans-port company and Scania insurance company.

Carefully read the Transport Claims Manual for bodybuilders (Transport Claims Manual_body-builder)), containing information on how to pro-ceed when a chassis is received, and transport damage is found. Next, fill in the Transport Dam-age Report. Please note that these documents are available only in English and Swedish.

The documents are available in chapter 14 Appen-dix in the BBM via SAIL.17

1.7 Vehicle OptimiserBBM F > 1 Introduction > 1.7 Vehicle Optimiser > GeneralGeneral

Vehicle Optimiser is a calculation program that is continuously updated with information on all of Scania chassis. The bus bodybuilder can obtain in-formation on chassis weight and centre of gravity from Vehicle Optimiser.

The bus bodybuilder can also complement the Sca-nia information about the chassis with its own data from finished bodywork. The Vehicle Optimiser programme thus becomes an instrument for calcu-lating the following properties of the completed vehicle:

Load and passenger capacity. Turning radiuses and accessibility. Rollover threshold.Vehicle Optimiser is on the SAIL portal at this ad-dress:

http://sail.scania.com

To access SAIL, consult Scania's local contact.Issue 2015.4 en-GB 18

Preparations before bus bodybuilding

2.1 Type designationsBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.1 Type designations > Type designationsType designations

1. Chassis model

2. Chassis type

3. Type designation

4. Engine location

F - chassis with front engine positioned longi-tudinally.

5. Power code

Approx. value of net output in hp.

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F 250F HBF 250 HB 4x2 HZ

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H - Short or long distances, irregular, paved or unpaved surfaces with appropriate steering and locomotion comfort.

7. Chassis adaptation

A - For articulated buses.B - Without special adaptation (normal).

8. Wheel configuration

4x2 - 2-axle chassis with rear driving axle.6x2 - 3-axle chassis with rear driving axle.8x2 (F bi-articulated) - Chassis with 4 axles, 1 front steering axle, 1 rear drive axle and 2 sup-port axles behind the driving axle.9. Chassis height

H - High at the front and rear.N - Normal front, middle and rear.

10. Suspension

A - Multi-leaf spring suspension at the front and air suspension at the rear.B - Front and rear air suspension, rigid front axle.Z - Multi-leaf spring suspension at the front and rear.20

2.2 Removing the chassisBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.2 Removing the chassis > Removing by liftingRemoving by lifting

IMPORTANT!

Make sure that no cables or pipes are damaged when installing the hoisting cables.Issue 2015.4 en-GBLifting with cablesAlways attach the lifting cables to the wheels when lifting the chassis at ports or other sites. Generally, special lifting devices are available for this pur-pose. Pass the cables around the ends of the chassis side members a few times to prevent the extra weight at the front of the unit from tipping for-ward. Make sure that these cables are slack as they are only designed to prevent the chassis from tip-ping forward. Typical configuration of cables for lifting the chassis.21

2.2 Removing the chassis

Removing the chassis through driving

WARNING!

Exercise the greatest caution during all driving of the chassis. From a safety and strength point of view it is inadvisable to drive the chassis faster than 30 km/h. Avoid driving on public roads.

There will be no braking effect in the chassis, if there is no pressure in the brake system and if the brake cylinder screws are loose.

If there is no hydraulic pressure, the power steering will not be operational and the chassis will become difficult to steer.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.2 Rem1. Parking brake interlock valveBefore discharging the chassis by steering it, you must wait for the entire air system to be charged with enough pressure to supply the entire brake system. Some chassis are equipped with an inter-lock valve for the parking brake. If this button has been activated, a button on the instrument panel will have to be pressed so that the parking brake can be released, see the figure above.

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1oving the chassis > Removing the chassis through driving

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2.2 Removing the chassisIf the engine does not start for some reason, the pneumatic system can be filled with air from an-other source of compressed air, with the exception of oil and water, from a coupling union located at the front of the chassis.

If there is no hydraulic pressure the power steering will not be operational and the chassis steering will be heavy.

The front end of the chassis has a connection for rapid filling of the entire pneumatic system. Its lo-cation may vary slightly. The connecting thread is M14. Use anhydrous and oil-free air from an exter-nal compressed air source (max. 12 bar).Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.2 Rem4x2 and 6x2 Chassis

1. Joint for external air filling

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1oving the chassis > Removing the chassis through driving8x2 (F bi-articulated) chassis

1. Joint for external air filling2. Filling nipples of the of the front suspension air bel-lows.For more information about the suspension, see Chapter 6.9 Suspension.

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2.3 Towing the chassisBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.3 Towing the chassis > Action before towingAction before towing

When towing less than 500 metresWhen on tow for less than 500 metres no action is required before towing.

When towing more than 500 metresIf the engine is working, no action need be taken before towing except keeping the engine running at idling speed.

Manual gearbox If the bus or chassis with manual gearbox is to

be towed more than 500 metres, the input shaft of the gearbox must rotate, i.e. the engine must be running to ensure that the gearbox receives sufficient lubrication.

If the engine cannot be run at idling speed then the driving wheels must be lifted or both the drive axles removed, see the section later on in this chapter entitled, Removing the drive ax-les, or Removing the propeller shaft.Issue 2015.4 en-GBIMPORTANT!

The gearbox receives no lubrication when the ve-hicle is being towed because the oil pump on the automatic gearbox, or the rotation of the input shaft on the manual gearbox, requires the engine to be running.

The half shafts should be fitted back in place by a Scania workshop.

The propeller shaft should be fitted back in place by a Scania workshop.24

2.3 Towing the chassisReleasing the parking brake

IMPORTANT!

When the engine has been stopped the brake pres-sure will gradually drop. Steering will also be heavy as there is no power steering.

When the parking brake has been rendered non-op-erational through release of the spring force in the brake chamber, the vehicle will have no function-ing brakes.

Braking capacity will be restored when the air pressure in the brake system has been built up again by the compressor.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.3 TowinIn connection with all towing considerations it is important to ensure that the parking brake is not applied on the affected wheels.

The parking brake has a connection in the hand brake valve on the instrument panel, like that of the tyres. By connecting the parking brake circuit to the spare wheel, for instance, the parking brake can be temporarily released for a certain time. A hose for this purpose is included in the chassis accesso-ry box.

If no compressed air is available, unscrew the screw in the spring brake cylinder.g the chassis > Action before towingAir connection for the parking brake circuit.

1. Release bolt for spring brake cylinder

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2.3 Towing the chassis

Removing the half shafts

IMPORTANT!

The half shafts should be fitted back in place by a Scania workshop.

Remove the half shafts on right-hand and left-hand sides. If this is not done the rear axle gear could sustain damage.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.3 Towin1. Remove the nuts and cones. If the cones are stuck, hit the flange corners until they come free. Remove the flange from the half shaft.

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086g the chassis > Removing the half shafts2. Withdraw and remove the half shaft.

3. Refit the half shaft flange to keep dirt out.

4. Repeat points 1-3 on the drive wheel on the other side.

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Detaching the propeller shaft

IMPORTANT!

The propeller shaft must be refitted by a Scania workshop.

Remove the propeller shaft from the central gear's side.

1. Undo the bolts but do not remove them.

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085Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.3 Towin2. Remove the bearing retainer using two screw-drivers, which must be applied alternately on both sides.

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084g the chassis > Detaching the propeller shaft3. Hold the propeller shaft and remove the screws. Fasten the bearing retainers together to prevent them from falling off.

4. Secure the propeller shaft to the chassis and protect the axle with a plastic bag or similar.

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Towing via the front end

WARNING!

Care must be taken whenever the chassis is moved. Driving on public highways must be avoided, be-cause the chassis is not equipped with the appro-priate safety components.

Towing the chassis on a level surface:

When the chassis is moved inside the bodybuild-er's workshop, it must be pushed or pulled using a towbar.

To allow the chassis to be towed, the bodybuilder should fabricate a tow hitch (as shown in the figure on the next page).

The same towing device must be used later for towing the finished bus.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.3 Towing the chassis > Towing via the front end28

2.3 Towing the chassisThe pin and hook must be supplied by the body-builder together with all the other tools on the fin-ished bus.

The bracket must be welded onto the front frame of the chassis, as shown in the figure, in the most suit-able position.

The bodybuilder is responsible for designing and fitting a suitably sized towing device to stand up to the towing forces involved.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.3 TowinValid only for F 4x2 and 6x2 chassis.1. Pin2. Hook3. Bracketg the chassis > Towing via the front end1

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2.3 Towing the chassisThe 8x2 (F bi-articulated) chassis is already pro-vided with a tow point (1).

If the bodybuilder decides not to use the original tow point, it is responsible for ensuring the design and installation of suitable dimensions to with-stand the forces involved in towing.

We recommend that the tow point is connected to the side member.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.3 TowinValid only for 8x2 (F bi-articulated) chassis.1. Towing point

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2.3 Towing the chassisTowing the chassis by raising the front axleThe chassis can also be towed and raised by con-necting a lifting beam into the holes located on the lower part of the front module, as shown in the fig-ure.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.3 TowinValid only for F 4x2 and 6x2 chassis.1. The hole diameter is 33 mm

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2.4 Storing the chassisBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.4 Storing the chassis > Storing the chassisStoring the chassis

WARNING!

The chassis has no service brake when the brake system is depressurised. Attach a note to the steer-ing wheel advising that the vehicle has no braking power.

IMPORTANT!

Trickle-charge the batteries every third month.Issue 2015.4 en-GBScania's chassis are transport-protected from the factory. This means that the agent Tectyl 300 has been applied to unpainted areas, for example, tooled surfaces such as torque rod attachments. This protection can take paint and must be main-tained. Consequently it must not be removed be-fore painting.

However, when storing under unfavourable condi-tions this treatment must be supplemented, e.g. if the chassis shall be stored for more than 6 months, see below.

Action planThe following instructions can be applied to chas-sis storage over a period of several months up to a couple of years. Complete conservation should be applied in the case of lengthier storage.Storing for 6 months1. Warm up the engine to at least 80 C.2. Drain the compressed air tanks.3. Replace the fuel filters.4. Fill the fuel tanks, otherwise condensate is

formed in the tanks.5. Remove the batteries or detach the batteries'

negative terminals. They must be fully charged, min. 25.2 volts.

6. The storage location must be protected from precipitation and sunlight.

7. Cover the tyres and light plastic components to protect them from sunlight.

8. Lubricate the link yoke between the brake slack adjuster and the brake chamber.

9. Make sure that the instrument panel, steering wheel and the central electric unit are covered with plastic covering or similar.32

2.4 Storing the chassisStoring for more than 6 months1. Support the chassis with blocks between the

frame and axle beam.2. Supplement the transport protection. Fine

spray or brush metal surfaces that are not painted e.g. edges, corners and screw joints. However, rims and wheel nuts must not be treated with transport protection.

3. Unscrew the release bolts in the parking brake cylinders.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.4 StorinRepeat every 3 months(Every 6 months if the chassis is stored in heated and dry premises.)

1. Warm up the engine to at least 80 C.2. Turn the front wheels to their end positions a

couple of times.3. Depress the brake pedal several times.4. Depress the clutch pedal several times.5. Support the axles. Engage one gear at a time

and allow the timing gears to work for a while when running to operating temperature.

6. Rotate the front and tag axle wheels.7. Check all electrically controlled systems.8. Investigate whether the chassis has been at-

tacked by rust. Rectify it if this is the case.9. Check oils, fluid levels and for any leaks.10. Drain the air tanks.11. Check the protection on the central electric

unit and instruments.12. Check the batteries, min. 25.2 volts.g the chassis > Storing the chassis

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2.5 Handling the batteriesBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.5 Handling the batteries > GeneralGeneral

The following action must be taken in order that the batteries do not sustain permanent damage dur-ing storage and bus bodybuilding:

When removing the batteries they must be marked with the chassis numbers to ensure that they are used on the correct chassis after bus bodybuilding.

The battery switch must always be switched off when the chassis' engine is switched off and when the chassis is stored.

Note:Bus bodybuilders are responsible for the condition of batteries for as long as a chassis is in their pos-session.

Removing and fitting batteries, see chapter 2.7 Re-moving battery equipment.Issue 2015.4 en-GBWARNING!

When the batteries are charged explosive gas is formed.

Smoking is prohibited! No naked flames or welding near the battery! Wear protective goggles! Battery acid is highly corrosive! If acid gets into your eyes or onto your skin or

clothes, rinse them immediately with water. Always seek medical attention if you get acid

in your eyes. A short circuit can cause injuries and an out-

break of fire.If the charging status falls below approx. 50% (electrolyte specific gravity is below approx. 1.20 g/cm ) then the battery's lead plates start to sul-phate.

The sulphating is permanent and diminishes the battery service life and capacity (Ah). It will also become more difficult to charge the battery which can mean that in future it will be more difficult for it to hold a charging status above approx. 50% and prevent further sulphating.34

2.5 Handling the batteriesThe chassis batteries can be supplied to the bus bodybuilder with a charging status of 1.26 g/cm without the batteries being damaged or reducing their service life. This takes place if the charging status is below 1.20 g/cm.

When the bus bodybuilder receives the chassis, the charging status of the batteries must be checked immediately and they must be charged if neces-sary.

WARNING!

The battery contains corrosive acid which requires that work is conducted with caution and the use of safety equipment.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.5 HandChecking battery charging statusMeasure battery charging status by measuring bat-tery acid density, also known as acid gravity. Do this using a hydrometer or measuring tool with a prism. The battery must have been at rest for at least 10 hours when the acid gravity is measured.

Note:Acid gravity measurement cannot be performed if the battery has recently been topped up with dis-tilled water. It takes an extremely long time (sever-al days) for the water and acid to mix.

Switch off electrical components when checking the battery's state of charge. The batteries do not need to be disconnected.

The voltage can be measured directly at the termi-nals or between the positive cable and ground con-nection in the safety panel in the driver area (the battery box need not be opened). For values, see the table on the next page. Compensation for am-bient temperatures is unnecessary.ling the batteries > GeneralCharging batteries.35

2.5 Handling the batteriesNote:Measure the acid gravity in all cells in both batter-ies. If the difference in acid gravity between the cell with the highest value and that with the lowest value exceeds 0.03 kg/dm then the cells are dam-aged. Both batteries must be removed and replaced with new ones.

If measuring the acid gravity has to be carried out at temperatures around -10 C and less, remember that the meter will show a slightly higher value compared with the table below.

Replace the battery if the acid density is lower than 1.24 g/cm. If the bus is equipped with a charging socket, this must be used. Check that the battery master switch is turned off.

A discharged battery freezes at -5 C.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.5 HandNote:Check the state of charge at least once a week.

As a maintenance measure, trickle-charge the bat-teries during bus bodybuilding. Do not use boost charging.

If boost charging has to be used in an emergency, battery temperature should not exceed approx. +50 C. Stop the charging if severe battery gassing oc-curs.

Before delivery to dealer or end customer:

check the battery electrolyte level make sure that the battery state of charge is

1.26 g/cm (approx. 100%).Before delivery to the dealer or customer the bus bodybuilder must check the battery electrolyte lev-el and make sure that the battery state of charge is 1.26 g/cm (approx. 100%).ling the batteries > GeneralOn delivery to the end customer the bus must have a state of charge of 1.24 g/cm or higher.36

2.5 Handling the batteries

T

M1LChecking battery electrolyte level

Open the battery cell cover. Check that the fluid is level with the marking that is visible in the battery cell.

If the level is too low, fill with distilled water (bat-tery water) up to the correct level.

Note: Sulphuric acid or so-called improvement electro-lyte must not be used.

Disconnect the negative terminal or the battery master switch before starting to charge the batter-ies. This does not apply to trickle charging or when using a charging socket.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.5 HandMarking the batteriesCode for production month for selected make:

Noak: three digits

Example: 244 = week 24 year 2004

Centurion: four digits

Example: 2204 = week 22 year 2004

Tudor: three digits

Example: 422 = year 2004 week 22

Acid gravity (kg/dm) Charging status (%)

More than 1.26 100-851.26-1.20 85-50Less than 1.20 50-0ling the batteries > Checking battery electrolyte levelerminal voltage (V) Recommended actionore than 12.6 Battery OK

2.6-12.2 Charge the batteryess than 12.2 Replace the battery37

2.6 Protection before bus bodybuildingBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.6 Protection before bus bodybuilding > Chassis protection All plastic components.Chassis protection

WARNING!

The hydraulic oil tanks for the servo systems (clutch and steering) must be protected while bodybuilding is in progress due to the risk of fire.

IMPORTANT!

Grounding off, drilling, painting and welding work can damage unprotected chassis components.

The bodybuilder should protect the radiator with a hard plate when bodybuilding is in progress.

When working on the upper part of the chassis, note that there are fragile components that must not be trodden on.Issue 2015.4 en-GBProtection of chassis componentsThe bodybuilder must protect the chassis compo-nents in the time of preparing the chassis and keep the protections during the bus bodybuilding pro-cess.

Important components that must be protected dur-ing bus bodybuilding:

transmission belts and pulleys. Powertrain electrical components (ECU, cable

harnesses, sensors, connectors, etc.). chassis cable harness, pneumatic and hydrau-

lic pipes. Expansion tank - protect the tank before and

during bus bodybuilding. If the expansion tank is exposed to UV light it will become dis-coloured and the level in the tank will then be hard to read.

Radiators -protect the front part of the radiator against impact, with a hard plate.

Steering wheel. Multi-leaf springs - cannot be exposed to

welding sparks, protect with fire-proof/ther-mal insulating material.

Pneumatic valves and silencers. Articulation - The angle sensor unit (1) must be protected by a plate.

349

812

138

2.6 Protection before bus bodybuildingProtection of chassis electrical componentsThe chassis should be protected during the entire welding and painting process, whenever it is being built on.

Electrical harnesses, connectors and sensors, in particular, must be protected against physical dam-age, weld splatters, dirt and moisture during body-building.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.6 ProteRemoving protectionNote:All protections added to the chassis must be main-tained as far as possible until the end of the body-building process and then removed.ction before bus bodybuilding > Chassis protectionDisassembled componentsNote:All disassembled components must be identified with the chassis number and stored in an appropri-ate manner in boxes or on shelves. These compo-nents must be protected against dirt, dust, heat, sunlight, moisture, physical damage and scratches.

Note:Do NOT use the components of one chassis on an-other chassis.

Note:When working on the upper part of the chassis, note that there are fragile components that must not be trodden on.

Note:When removing cables and their clamps, do not use a knife, as you can easily damage cables or plastic manifolds. Instead, use cutting pliers and take care nonetheless.39

2.7 Preparatory electrical workBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.7 Preparatory electrical work > GeneralGeneral

REQUIREMENT!Do not disconnect the battery cables whilst the en-gine is running. This could seriously damage the alternator, the electronic control units and other electrical equipment.

All electric components are unique to the chassis. For this reason, mark the electric components with the chassis serial number while bus bodybuilding is in progress.

A unique component codeTo avoid incorrect connection, the connectors, etc. are marked with a unique component code, e.g. "C123".Issue 2015.4 en-GBREQUIREMENT!Protect all components that are removed from the chassis during bus bodybuilding against physical damage and weld spatter. Carefully store the com-ponents in special boxes, wrapped in a leather blanket.

Before the start of bus bodybuilding the electrical system should be prepared in accordance with the following six sections:

Removing the battery and associated equip-ment.

Removing the electrical panel. Removing the instrument panel. Removing the steering wheel. Cable harness location. All connectors, etc. are marked with a unique compo-

nent code.40

2.7 Preparatory electrical work

Removing the batteries

REQUIREMENT!Mark the batteries and associated equipment with the chassis serial number.

IMPORTANT!

Do not disconnect the battery cables whilst the en-gine is running. The alternator, the electronic con-trol units and other electrical equipment could be severely damaged.

Batteries, battery master switch and 2 main fuses (1x100 A + 1x30 A) are stored in a wooden box on the chassis frame during transport. In transit mode the battery master switch receives its control signal via the starter key.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.7 PrepRemove the batteries in accordance with the fol-lowing instructions.

1. Mark the battery with the chassis number.2. Disconnect the power supply from the chassis.

Disconnect the battery cables from the termi-nals. Start with the ground wire (negative pole), (1). Continue with the other battery ca-bles (2).

3. Disconnect the thick cable from the starter mo-tor (3). The starter cable runs from the battery master switch to the starter motor via the junc-tion box. The junction box is located beside the engine.aratory electrical work > Removing the batteriesWhen removing the batteries disconnect the electrical cables in the following order: 1, 2, 3.1. Ground wire2. Other electrical wires3. Starter cable41

2.7 Preparatory electrical work4. Remove the electrical panel's power supply by loosening the electrical cables between the battery box and the electrical panel. Loosen the electrical panel wires labeled 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in the figure below.

1. Voltage supply 302. Ground3. Voltage feed B+4. CUV F565 power supply5. Connector C610

344

055

1

234

5Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.7 PrepNote:Use the hexagonal socket tool, as shown below, to remove the nuts (1), (3) and (4) of the electrical panel in order to prevent the plastic coating of the same being damaged.

For nuts (3) and (4) use a 13 mm bracket, and for nut (1) use a 17 mm socket.

344

063aratory electrical work > Removing the batteries5. Detach the cable harnesses on the frame which are routed between the battery box and the electrical panel. Also disconnect the battery from its temporary ground point (1).

1. Temporary ground point

6. Lift out the battery box and the cable harness.

339

619

142

2.7 Preparatory electrical work317

091Removing the electrical panel

REQUIREMENT!Mark the electrical panel with the chassis serial number.

1. When the electrical panel of the chassis is re-moved, mark the electrical panel with the chassis serial number.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.7 PrepREQUIREMENT!Remove the transport connection between the C600 connectors.

2. Check that the electrical panel's power supply is removed.

3. Remove all the cables from the electrical panel and the transport cable.

1. Transport connection

325

718aratory electrical work > Removing the electrical panel4. Remove the transport connection between the C600 connectors and discard it.

The transport connection is marked with a label, see figure below. Plug connector C600 and adapter C600 directly into each other.

317

09243

2.7 Preparatory electrical workREQUIREMENT!Mark the tachograph with the chassis number.

1. Tachograph

317

094

1Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.7 PrepDuring chassis transport, the tachograph is fitted to a support at the back of the electrical panel. Mark the tachograph with the chassis serial number.

5. Remove the provisional transport bracket from the tachograph. Do not use the transport brack-et as a permanent component of the bus.

Position the tachograph by the instrument panel.

For further information on the final installation of the tachograph, see chapter 9.6. Tachograph.aratory electrical work > Removing the electrical panelThe electrical panel and tachograph are now elec-trically disconnected and can be removed from the chassis.

6. Remove the electrical panel from the chassis.

323

81944


Removing the instrument panel

Depending on the chassis specification, it can be provided with a pressure sensor and optional tem-perature sensor. Pressure sensors and temperature sensors are located under the floor in the driver ar-ea.

Follow the instructions below to remove the panel:

1. Check that the electrical cables of the electri-cal panel are disconnected.

2. Remove the power cable from the parking brake pressure sensor T501 (1).

3. Remove the power cable from the external temperature sensor T27 (2).Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.7 Prep346

135

2

1aratory electrical work > Removing the instrument panel4. Remove the temporary clamp.

5. Store the cable harness with the other compo-nents of the instrument panel. Now the instru-ment panel is electrically disconnected. Remove the instrument panel from the chassis.

6. Scania recommends that COO coordinator and instrument panel are removed simultaneously, as the coordinator and cable harness are sensi-tive to dirt and weld spatter.45


Cable harness positioning.

Positioning the cable harness during bodybuilding - 8x2 (F bi-articulated)1. Check that the electrical panel is electrically

disconnected from the chassis.2. The cable harness is provisionally fixed with

clamps on the chassis frame. Attachments with clamps marked in figure (A), are not provi-sional and should not be removed.

3. Disconnect the connectors from the power unit and articulation. Remove the plastic clamps that hold the cable harness in the provisional region (B).

4. Place the cable harness between the wheels and protect them during the welding process.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.7 PrepA. Cable harness permanently attached with clampsB. Provisionally attached cable harness

A

B

Aaratory electrical work > Cable harness positioning.349

825

B

A46


Removing the steering wheel

Note:Scania recommends that the steering wheel remain in place during the bodybuilding, protected in a suitable way.

For more information about removing the steering wheel, see chapter 7.1 Steering.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.7 Preparatory electrical work > Removing the steering wheel47

2.8 Removing the temporary driver areaBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.8 Removing the temporary driver area > Fixed instrument panelFixed instrument panel

The instrument panel can be used as a permanent component of the bodywork panel.

The instrument panel's support frame is only in-tended for use during the transport of the chassis to the bus bodybuilder.

The instrument panel is not located in the correct ergonomic position.

For further information, see chapter 9.2 Ergonom-ics.

REQUIREMENT!Discard the support frame. The support frame is designed for use during chassis transit.Issue 2015.4 en-GBFixed instrument panel.1. Instrument panel2. Support frame

320

721

2

148

2.9 Accessory boxBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.9 Accessory box > GeneralGeneral

Accessory box dimensions (1,030 x 330 x 250 mm).33

9 61

5Issue 2015.4 en-GBNote: An accessory box is supplied together with the chassis upon delivery.

Amongst other components, the accessory box contains the type plate and Scania's logotype plates, see chapter 3.1 Information about the chas-sis and chapter 12.1 Plates.

Before the bus bodybuilding is started the bus bodybuilder must go through the boxes' contents and check them off against an accessory list that is included with the chassis. If any part is missing, contact your nearest service centre and indicate the chassis number and the missing item.

Note:For further information on the chassis specifica-tion, see SPII (Web CHIN via SAIL.49

2.9 Accessory box2. Chassis serial numberDriver's manual and Quick guide

The Driver's manual is adapted to the specific chassis' equipment. It is therefore important that the bus bodybuilder makes sure that Driver's man-ual is included with the finished bus delivered to the end customer.

This Quick guide is a shortened version of the Driver's manual. The Quick guide is not adapted to the chassis.

The Driver's manual and Quick guide are supplied in the accompanying materials box.

IMPORTANT!

If the Driver's manual is missing, order a new one from Scania.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.9 AcceDriver's manual.1. Language

XXXXXXXEnglish

322

498

21ssory box > Driver's manual and Quick guideQuick guide.

R eading instructions on the back

322

48850

2.10 Special toolsBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.10 Special tools > Special toolsSpecial tools

Special tools are designed to make work on the chassis easier. The special tools can be ordered from your nearest distributor.Issue 2015.4 en-GBTools for filling and draining coolant

Coolant tank 588135.Coolant tank 588135 is designed to be used for drainage, transport, storage, filtering, emptying and topping up of the vehicle.Adapter 99301.Adapter 99301 is used for draining and filling coolant. It is used together with coolant tank 588135.

To operate these tools, see 5.6 Cooling system.

302

06851

2.11 Articulated busisBBM F > 2 Preparations before bus bodybuilding > 2.11 Articulated bus > Supply of 8x2 (F bi-articulated) chassisSupply of 8x2 (F bi-articulated) chass

The 8x2 (F bi-articulated) chassis is supplied with the following length:

A. 17,500 mm

Note:The articulation platform is not provided by Scan-ia.

A

341

787Issue 2015.4 en-GBThe 8x2 (F bi-articulated) chassis allows an incline angle of 8 in the articulation unit.

Depending on the type of body, the angle can be smaller. If the articulation unit incline is too great, you may risk severe damage to the articulation units in the chassis.

8-8

8-8

358

91552

Body connection

3.1 Chassis informationBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.1 Chassis information > Chassis drawingsChassis drawings

Main dimension drawingsThe main dimensions of the bus chassis are the measurements of the main parts of the chassis for the bus bodybuilder, e.g. pilot holes, inspection hatches and attachments.

The chassis module is divided into front, central and rear modules.

The main dimension drawings are divided accord-ing to the characteristics such as the chassis type designation, overhangs and engine location.

The main dimension drawings also include floor limitations as well as information about mainte-nance and accessibility.

To obtain chassis drawings, refer to the BBM via SAIL.Issue 2015.4 en-GBFloor height limitation drawingsThe objective of the floor height limitation draw-ings is to show a detailed technical description of the limitations between chassis and bodywork.

IMPORTANT!

No part of the bodywork must be placed under the floor limitation.

For more information about the floor, see chapter 4.1 Floor.There are also drawings showing the service areas for chassis components. The service area is de-fined by a service space and a space for access.

These spaces are defined as three-dimensional vol-umes and show the minimum volume required to perform the maintenance of chassis components.

For more information, see Chapter 10.1 Service ar-eas, accessibility and hatches.54

3.1 Chassis information

Chassis serial number marking

Chassis serial numberThe chassis number (last 7 numerals) is part of the Vehicle Identification Number, VIN. The em-bossed chassis number must not be concealed or covered with paint or corrosion inhibitor.

A. Chassis number

REQUIREMENT!The embossed chassis number must be readable.

9BSF4X200D3818299

A33

3 00

0Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.1 Chassis information > ChaThe chassis number is stamped on the side member of the chassis. The chassis number location is the same for all types of F chassis.

Chassis number location.

333

001ssis serial number marking

55


Reference marks on the chassis.

The reference marks, represented by triangles stamped on the upper flange of the side members, indicate the theoretical centre line of the front axle and chassis traction, and can orientate the body-builder on the bus bodybuilding process.

Note:Due to the movement of the axles according to the chassis load, there might be a misalignment be-tween the reference mark and the centre of the ax-les. For information on axle movement, see chapter 12.2 Wheels.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.1 Chassis information > RefA. Front OverhangB. WheelbaseC. Rear OverhangCL. Centre line of the axles

A B

CL

CLerence marks on the chassis.337

730

CL

C

CL56


Chassis type plate

An aluminium chassis type plate is supplied in the chassis accessory box.

REQUIREMENT!Put the chassis type plate in a visible place, near the front passenger door.

Some information on the chassis type plate is pre-entered by Scania on delivery of the chassis, and some information may be entered by the body-builder or distributor before vehicle delivery to the customer.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.1 Chassis information > ChaImplement the text inscription on the chassis type plate in a permanent manner, as not to fade over time.

The height of the characters should be at least 4 mm, in accordance with the ISO 4 030 standard, except for the load and speed index fields.

Numbers or letters should have uniform and com-plete outlines, with good readability, using a Ro-man, sans-serif font in accordance with the ISO 3 779 standard.ssis type plate

57


ypeNo

ead/s

re

ed

ax speThe chassis type plate above is applied on buses used in markets that are in compliance with EU regulation 19/2011.

Field 1: EG or national certification number. This information is mandatory for vehicles with com-plete vehicle certification, in compliance with the 2007/46/EC standard.

Field 2: Scania specifies the Vehicle Identification Number, VIN.

Field 3: When fields 4 to 10 are pre-entered during registration/preparation, it is necessary to enter the country code where the vehicle will be registered in field 3. The code should consist of 2 letters cor-

TotalCombinationAxle 1-Axle 2- 11500Axle 3-Axle 4- X

6000

Axle group T- 17500

Body tTechnicallypermissi ble Ser ial

Ch NoCh typTyre lo

Pressu

Produc

Load m(de p. on

KgKgKgKgKgKgKg

KgKgKgKgKgKgKg

YS2K6X20091865123

Regist. for (SE)VIN

25000X

7500

(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)

(3)(4)

(2)(1)

(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)

(10)Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.1 Chassis information > Cha

responding to ISO norm 3166-1: 2006 andACCORDING TO TYRE MARKING

1865123K 420 EB6x2*4

peed index 152/148M (7100/12600kg 130 km/h)

in

front axleed limit setting)

7100

Sweden

Kg

336

957

(18)(19)

(20)(21)(22)

(23)

(25)

(24)

correspond to ISO norm 3166-1: 2006 and be-tween brackets, see the example.

Fields 4-10: Specify the maximum weights al-lowed to register the vehicle. These weights should not exceed those listed in the "Technically al-lowed" column

Field 11: Scania specifies the technically allowed gross weight of the vehicle. The total weight is less than or equal to the sum of all allowed weights per axle of the vehicle.

Fields 13-16: Scania specifies the technically al-lowed weights for each respective axle, according to the vehicle project.ssis type plateField 17: Scania specifies the technically allowed weight in an axle group.

Field 18: Enter the vehicle body type.

Field 19: Enter the body serial number.

Field 20: Scania specifies the chassis serial num-ber.

Field 21: Scania specifies the chassis type designa-tion.

Field 22: Load and speed indices of the tyres. Sca-nia provides the data according to the order speci-fication.

Field 23: Scania specifies the maximum tyre pres-sure.

Field 24: maximum weight of the front axle. The given information specifies the charging capacity of the front axle in accordance with the tyre load index. Scania provides the data according to the tyre type and maximum speed information in the order specification.

Field 25: Scania specifies the country of manufac-ture.58


G. VP. BP. BAxleEje EixoAxleEje EixoAxleEje EixoAxleEje Eixo

TThe chassis type plate above is used if the vehicle is driven in a market conforming to the Brazilian CONTRAN resolution no. 49.

Among other things, the chassis type plate is used in markets where there is a condition for the text on the chassis type plate to be both in Spanish and English, for example Mexico.

Field 1: National certification number.

Field 2: Vehicle Identification Number, VIN.

YS2K6X20091865123

K 420 EB6X2NI

1865123

Ch typeCh tipoCh tipo

G. V. WP. B. TP. B. TAxle 1Eje 1Eixo 1Axle 2Eje 2Eixo 2Axle 3Eje 3Eixo 3Axle 4Eje 4Eixo 4

Ch No.Ch NumCh Num

kg

kg

kg

kg

kg

Legal/Legal/Legal

(6)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(7)

(1)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(2)Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.1 Chassis information > Cha25000

11500

6000

x

x

x

7500

7100

152/148M7100/12600kg

130 km/h

ACCORDING TO TYRE MARKINGVEA GRABACION EN LA LLANTAVEJA GRAVACAO NO PNEU

. W

PressurePresionPressaoFr Axle Load maxEje Delant Carga maxEixo Diant Peso max

. T

. T 11 1 22 2

G. C. WC. M. TC. M. TG. C. WP. B. T. CP. B. T. C

33 3 44 4

kg

kg

kg

kg

kg

kg

kg

kg

echnical/Tecnico/Tecnico Tyre load/speed IndexLlanta Codigo de Carga/VelocidadPneu Indice de Carga/Velocidade

321

343

(11)

(13)

(14)

(15)

(18)

(16)

(17)

(19)

(20)

(12)

Field 3: Enter any local marking.

Field 4: Chassis type designation.

Field 5: Chassis serial number.

Fields 6-10: Legally allowed vehicle weights.

Field 6: The total weight is less than or equal to the sum of all allowed weights per axle of the vehicle.ssis type plateField 11: Total vehicle weight. The technically al-lowed weight is less than or equal to the sum of all weights per axle.

Field 16: Load and speed indices of the tyres. Sca-nia provides the data according to the order speci-fication.

Field 17: Maximum tyre pressure.

Field 18: Max. front axle weight. The given infor-mation specifies the charging capacity of the front axle in accordance with the tyre load index. Scania provides the data according to the tyre type and maximum speed information in the order specifi-cation.

Field 19: Only for the Brazilian market, the same value is entered as in field 11. For other markets, the field is pre-entered with (X).

Field 20: Only for the Brazilian market, the same value is entered as in field 6. For other markets, the field is pre-entered with (X).59

3.1 Chassis informationSupplementary plate for chassis delivered to Ara-bic countries.

Supplementary plate for chassis for South and Central America.

SCANIA SWEDENCOUNTRY OF PRODUCTION:VIN: YEAR:

GVW KG:GAW KG:FRONT:REAR:

320

581

SCANIA L ATIN AMERICA LT DAAv. Jose Odo r izzi, 151Sao Be r nardo do Campo - SPCNPJ : 59 . 104 . 901/0001 - 76INDUSTRIA BRASILEIRA

311

161Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.1 Chassis information > ChaType approval markingIf the vehicle is not covered by WVTA (Whole Ve-hicle Type Approval), a sticker with the type ap-proval is supplied in the accompanying materials box.

REQUIREMENT!If the completed vehicle is delivered to a country not covered by WVTA, the following procedures apply: Place the type approval sticker in a clearly visible place on the inside, next to the front passen-ger door.

The sticker is self-adhesive. If the surface is not suitable for a self-adhesive sticker, the sticker must be placed on an aluminium plate to be attached on the surface by means of screws or rivets.ssis type plateExample of type approval sticker.

332

10760

3.1 Chassis informationFeatures of the metal suspension (multi-leaf spring)The metal suspension is characterized by the de-flection that varies with the load that is placed on it.

There is a load difference on the front axle due to the positioning of the chassis components, valid for LHD/RHD (the driver's position, steering box, air filter assembly, etc.), which can cause transver-sal tilt in the chassis.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.1 Chassis information > ChaSo that the bus remains level after bodybuilding, there needs to be a balance in the distribution of body load.

362

761ssis type plate

61

3.2 Chassis levellingBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.2 Chassis levelling > GeneralGeneral

Scania recommends that the bodybuilder fits the body structure on to the chassis using brackets or stands that ensure that the bodywork is correctly aligned and levelled with the chassis.

Modules must be joined within the tolerance spec-ified by Scania ( 1 mm).

WARNING!

The chassis must be supported on blocks before separating the front and rear modules for installing the central module of the body.Issue 2015.4 en-GBREQUIREMENT!The chassis must be levelled with the support or blocks when the body is coupled.62

3.2 Chassis levellingckPositioning of support brackets or blo

The supports or blocks for holding the chassis frame must be placed on the support points in the chassis frame, as shown in the figure below.

Make sure that they are located before and after the spring supports.

Use adjustable stands during the chassis alignment through measurement.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.2 Chassis levelling > Positios for chassis levelling

Chassis levelled for bodybuilding.ning of support brackets or blocks for chassis levelling

63

3.2 Chassis levellingSeparation of the chassis for installation of extension structures - 8x2 (F bi-articulated)

WARNING!

For chassis with articulation, these supports must be correctly positioned before the modules are sep-arated.

1. Position the central module so that, there is 8.30 metres in relation to the front module and wheelbase.

2. Position the rear module so that, there is 6.70 metres in relation to the central module and wheelbase.

3. Adjust and check with a level gauge that the modules are aligned horizontally.

4. Stretch a string or laser parallel to the chassis and measure with a tape measure to check the longitudinal alignment, respecting the toler-ances indicated by Scania.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.2 Chassis levelling > PositioChassis levelled for bodybuilding.ning of support brackets or blocks for chassis levelling349

81964

3.2 Chassis levellingm

1Levelling of chassis through measure

Checking the horizontal plane of the chassisMake sure that the chassis frame is perfectly lev-elled when joining the body structure to the chas-sis.

Remove as much weight as possible from the chas-sis frame on the wheels. The wheels can remain supported on the floor. Keep the tyres supported on the floor, supporting only the weight of the axles as not to damage the shock absorbers.

For more information about positioning of the measuring point, see the figures for the chassis type in question. To obtain information about Z0, consult the appropriate main dimension drawing.

Spirit levels to check the horizontal plane of the chassis frame.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.2 Chassis levelling > Levellient

A, B, C and D are measurement points for the F 4x2 and 6x2 chassis. The measuring point tolerance limit is up to the cord length or by laser beam (1) 1 mm.

A, B, C, D, E and F are measuring points for the 8x2 (F bi-articulated) chassis. The measurement points toler-ance limit for the cord or laser check (1) is 1 mm, and the points A and B, 57 mm higher than the C, D, E and F points

A B

A Bng of chassis through measurement332

998

1 C D

346

165

C D E F65

3.2 Chassis levellingLongitudinal alignmentMake sure that the chassis frame and modules are perfectly levelled when joining the body structure to the chassis.

Remove as much weight as possible from the chas-sis frame on the wheels. The wheels can remain supported on the floor. Keep the tyres supported on the floor, supporting only the weight of the axles as not to damage the shock absorbers.

For more information about positioning of the measuring point, see the figures for the chassis type in question. To obtain information about Z0, consult the appropriate main dimensions drawing.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.2 Chassis levelling > LevelliExample of longitudinal alignment in the 8x2 (F bi-ar-ticulated) chassis.A, B, C, D, E, F and G are measurement points. The measurement points tolerance limit for the cord or la-ser check (1) is 1 mm, and points A and B, being 62.5 mm higher than points C, D, E, F and G in relation to the cord or laser reference at the side of the chassis.

Note:The joints should also be aligned with respect to the chassis.

A B Cng of chassis through measurement349

820

D FE G66

3.2 Chassis levellingChecking the height by levelling - 8x2 (F bi-articulated)All chassis modules must be at the same height (flat). The front, central and rear module must be aligned laterally.

This is a condition so that the definitions of the dif-ferent heights of the air chambers tubes of the pneumatic spring air suspension and front axle an-gles are correct.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.2 Chassis levelling > LevelliCheck the height of the modules with water level.ng of chassis through measurement349

82167

3.3 Forces affecting the busBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.3 Forces affecting the bus > GeneralGeneral

Project the bus bodywork so that it supports all the dynamic forces that arise during a displacement

The most important function of the chassis frame is to act as a bracket for all the components and provide correct positions for them.

The frame is sufficiently rigid to ensure that the wheel axles follow their calculated tracks during suspension movements in combination with accel-eration, braking, steering and sideways rolling.

IMPORTANT!

The bus bodybuilder is responsible for the body structure. Modifications to the chassis are not al-lowed.

If it is necessary to alter the original plan for the chassis, the bodybuilder must request prior written authorisation from Scania.

For further information, see chapter 1.3 Chassis modification.Issue 2015.4 en-GBIn designing a bus body, it is important to under-stand that it must be capable of withstanding the dynamic forces that arise while the bus is in use.

The body together with the chassis frame make up a unique product.

Chassis frame F is built with two longitudinal U-section side members with transverse cross mem-bers between the side members.Dynamic forcesThe bus body must withstand a combination of dy-namic forces in all directions. The forces act in three main directions:

1. Vertically, Fz in the figure2. Longitudinally, Fx in the figure3. Transversally, Fy in the figure

Fz

FyFx

332

99668

3.3 Forces affecting the bus

Vertical forces

GeneralVertical forces are caused by acceleration of sus-pension movements and the static body, passenger and luggage load. When the bus turns, vertical forces affect the sides and the extension of the bus.

The reactions in the axles are split between the bearing shells of the leaf springs. There are two bearing shells for each leaf spring.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.3 Forces affecting the bus >The vertical forces of the wheels are transferred to the side members and then to the cross members ahead of and behind the axles. Vertical forcesProject the diagonal profiles so that the load is transferred to the chassis. See figure.

The diagonal profiles should be found where the forces enter the side of the bodywork. This hap-pens, for example, in the reinforcement ribbing around the windows and cross members transfer-ring the load to the chassis.69

3.3 Forces affecting the busThe bus powertrain (engine and gearbox), form a concentrated mass that weighs about 1500 kg and creates vertical dynamic forces. Most of these forces travel through the front member/chassis driver bracket to the body sides, from there for-wards to the body structure and then down to the spring beams of the front suspension.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.3 Forces affecting the bus >Under severe driving conditions, such as when the bus is driven on a very bad road, twisting of the bus body can occur when the front wheel on one side and the rear wheels on the opposite side are simul-taneously pressed against the suspension stop. Vertical forces

70

3.3 Forces affecting the busSide structuresThe sides of the bodywork form a resistant unit when made in a frame with diagonal profile to give an impression of "triangular panels" in the side structure.

1. Diagonal profile2. The profiles create the impression of a triangle in the side structure

313

815

1 2Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.3 Forces affecting the bus >This lowers the forces on the chassis.

313

816 Vertical forcesIn a lashing without diagonal profiles and "triangu-lar panels", the spinning forces that pass through the side structure create a large pressure on the cross members. See figure below.

Large pressure on the cross members.

313

81771


Longitudinal forces

Longitudinal forces are transferred in the floor frameLongitudinal forces arise during acceleration or braking of the mass (passengers, luggage and bus components), for example when driving over ob-stacles.

Longitudinal forces are transferred from the wheel axles to the chassis side members, through the sus-pension system.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.3 Forces affecting the bus >The floor structures for the passenger and luggage areas, together with the chassis side members, con-stitute the most important parts for the transfer of longitudinal forces.

333

006 Longitudinal forces

72


Lateral forces

Lateral forces are transferred in the floor frameLateral forces occur during the modification of the driving system, cornering and if there is a wheel trim or other obstacle on the road. Lateral forces are transferred from the wheel axles to the chassis frame structure through the suspension system.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.3 Forces affecting the bus >The floor structures for the passenger and luggage areas constitute the most important parts for the transfer of lateral forces.

333

007 Lateral forces332

99473

3.4 WeldingBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Safety and protectionSafety and protection

Isocyanates are found in many paints, fillers, glues and foam plastics that are used on motor vehicles.

WARNING!

Breathing in isocyanate in the form of fumes, dust or aerosol can, among other things, cause irritation of the mucous membrane, with symptoms similar to those of asthma in the respiratory tract and im-paired lung capacity. Even exposure to high doses for a short time can lead to problems of permanent over-sensitivity.

WARNING!

Heating products containing compounds with iso-cyanate may release them and cause high levels of exposure. This is what happens, for instance, dur-ing grinding, welding and heat cutting on products coated with paints containing isocyanate.Issue 2015.4 en-GBWARNING!

Scania's objective is to avoid paints, fillers and ad-hesives containing isocyanate, but they occur in particular in some of the paint systems currently used on vehicles when delivered from the factory. Scania cannot vouch for paintwork, etc. performed on the vehicle after delivery from the factory.

IMPORTANT!

All surfaces which heat up and can exceed about 150 C must be clean. The paint of the surfaces must be removed before welding74

3.4 Welding

Preparations prior to welding

WARNING!

All national safety regulations must be applied.

Use protection in the form of welding mask and breathing mask with fresh-air supply during weld-ing. The ventilation in the work premises must be very good.

IMPORTANT!

In connection with welding, there is a high risk of fire, and that plastic or other heat-sensitive materi-al melts.

Welding sparks can easily cause fire or damage in noise insulation, cable harnesses and brake cables.

Protect glass parts so that they cannot be damaged.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Preparations pREQUIREMENT!Switch off the chassis electrical system prior to welding work.

Disconnect the alternator cables and starter motor cables.

The battery terminals must be disconnected before any welding operation.

Alternator.Disconnection of the alternator eliminates the risk of damage to the alternator's rectifier diodes and charge regulator.

304

972rior to weldingREQUIREMENT!Protect the following components during welding work:

Steering wheel; Steering column; Leaf springs; Expansion tank; Plastic air tubes; Hoses; Air and water radiators; Air filter, etc. Suspension level sensors; Solenoid valves; Pressure switch sensors, etc.

REQUIREMENT!When welding near the electric wiring and plastic compressed air lines, these must be protected against sparks and high temperatures with fire-proof blankets.75

3.4 WeldingREQUIREMENT!Protect the following components against welding sparks and high temperatures using fire-proof blankets or similar:

electric cables air bellows compressed air pipes expansion tank.

Protection round the electric wiring.

304

974Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Preparations pThe multi-leaf springs must be protected during weld-ing.

Protection around air chambers.

322

224

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973rior to weldingREQUIREMENT!The entire powertrain (engine and gearbox) and the expansion tank must be protected against weld-ing sparks and high temperatures with fire-proof blankets.76

3.4 Welding313

747

Welding on a U-beam flange.Instructions

IMPORTANT!

Weld on the chassis with great accuracy. Cracks and brittleness in the material reduce the strength of the frame.

Connect the negative lead (1) of the welding appli-ance as close to the weld as possible. If the welding current passes through the rolling bearings, it will damage them.

313

185

1Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > InstructionsNote:Welding creates thermal stress which affects the strength of the material. The material properties of frames deteriorate if the frame members are heated above 650 C.

IMPORTANT!

Option 1 - Connect the side body parts to the side member of the chassis.IMPORTANT!

Option 2 - If it is not possible to use option 1, it is allowed to connect the body structure on the upper flange of the side member.

To weld a side member U-beam flange Weld at least 15 mm (A) from the outer edge

of the flange Use reinforcement plates (1).

1

A

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3.4 WeldingIMPORTANT!

Scania recommends that the bracket between the extension and the pillar of the body is not welded with longitudinal welds, see (1) in the figure be-low. The bodywork pillar can then be loosened in the welding area.

For more information on welding, see Chapter

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1Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Instructions

3.10 Extension.REQUIREMENT!The edge of the side member (A) must not be welded.

15 mm from edge (A).

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489

A78

3.4 WeldingREQUIREMENT!Always weld at least:

1. 15 mm from edge (A).2. 25 mm holes (B).

Beam with holes.

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228

B

AIssue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Instructions79

3.4 Welding

Touch-up painting after welding

1. Check the weld joints carefully. The welding points must be of high quality.

2. Grind or brush off weld splatter and welding oxides.

3. Paint the joints with anti-corrosion paint.

REQUIREMENT!Paint all the welding points after welding.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Touch-up painting after welding80

3.4 WeldingreAlternative welding process (less agg

If polyfusion welding process is chosen, welding must be done at least 15 mm from the outer edge of the flange. Polyfusion welding is also recom-mended for welding side member components in U made from metal plates.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Alternative weldssive) - Polyfusion welding

Example of polyfusion welding.ing process (less aggressive) - Polyfusion welding

81

3.4 WeldingExample of an X-joint.The weld bed (B) is ground off.Welding can be done as an X joint or V joint.

X joints must be well filled immediately outside the joint edges on the side member surfaces and the surface must be ground off.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Alternative weldX joints are recommended for the chassis side members.

Grind or brush off weld splatters and oxides with a steel brush before painting.

Example of a V joint.The weld bed (B) is ground off.ing process (less aggressive) - Polyfusion weldingThe V joints must be well filled on the outside and surface ground off. The root side must be post-welded.

Check the joints carefully and make sure there are no signs of cracks.

Grind or brush off weld splatters and oxides with a steel brush before painting.

Paint the joints with anti-corrosion paint.82

3.4 Welding

Hole filling

If existing holes are to be filled, follow the instruc-tions below.

1. Bevel the hole.2. Attach a copper plate with a latch clamp, for

example, on the inside of the side member.3. Weld the hole up. A suitable electrode size is

3.25 mm.4. Remove the copper plate and weld the inside

of the side member.5. Grind off the weld evenly and clean off weld

splatters and oxides on both sides.For larger holes a washer can be used to fill with welding.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Hole fillingCollision with new holes.A. Smooth off before making a new hole.

B. Remove the copper plate before making a new hole.83

3.4 Welding

Material specification

Steel typesThe information below applies to all chassis frame parts, side members and cross members, equiva-lent to strength class 28.

Steel 2152 equivalent to Swedish standard SIS 142152.

Stahl St E29 corresponding to German standard DIN 17100.

Steel 43 E corresponding to British standard BS 4360.

Steel Fe E 285 corresponding to European stand-ard 25-72.

Lowest strength (material) 270 N/mm.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.4 Welding > Material specifThe following welding electrodes can be used for DC welding (direct current)ESAB OK 48.00 or equivalent.

Oerlikon Super Cord.

FILARC 35.

The following welding electrodes can be used for A/C welding (alternating current)ESAB OK 48.15.

Oerlikon Spezial or equivalent.icationSuitable filler material for MIG weldingFiller metal: ESAB OK.

Autrod 1251 1.0 mm/Tubrod 1514 1.2 mm.

Gs Sk 203 CO + Ar 80%.

Mison 25 CO2 23% + Ar 77% + NO 0.03% 10 d/min.84

3.5 DrillingBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.5 Drilling > InstructionsInstructions

REQUIREMENT!The following applies when drilling in the chassis frame:

The diameter of the holes (A) must be less than 15.5 mm.

The distance between two holes (B) must be at least 50 mm.

REQUIREMENT!Always drill at least:

15 mm from edge (C). 25 mm holes (D).Issue 2015.4 en-GBRemove the burrs from the holes after drilling.

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076

BA

C

D85

3.6 Tightening torqueBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.6 Tightening torque > GeneralGeneral

IMPORTANT!

Maintain bolt quality and prescribed tightening torque when repairing damaged threads with in-sert.

Do not use the tightening torque described in this chapter on chassis components. Contact Scania if screws on the chassis need to be tightened.Issue 2015.4 en-GBGeneral tightening torques (not valid for suspension components)The following tables show the general tightening torques for screws, nuts and joints. Unless other-wise specified, the general tightening torques be-low apply.

Unless otherwise stated, the tolerance 15% ap-plies to all values, as well as the following condi-tions:

Greased, untreated screws and nuts. Ungreased electro zinc-plated screws and

nuts. Cast iron or steel with electro zinc-plated

screws. Ungreased phosphatised screws with electro

zinc-plated nuts. Clean contact surfaces without paint or simi-

lar.Union assemblies and threaded plugsThe values stated are for a tolerance of 5%. The values below apply to tightening with a counter-hold.

Thread insertsThe specified tightening torques also apply for bolted joints with thread insert (HeliCoil).

In many cases, a thread insert is stronger than a screw thread cut directly into the metal. This al-lows for more resistant screw joints, for example, in alloys. For this reason, thread inserts are used on certain screw joints in Scania's production.86

3.6 Tightening torqueTightening and inspection torques

1. Special assembly and inspection operations.

1.1 Hexagon screws, hexagon socket screws, six-point socket screws and hexagon nuts. Also ap-plies to captive washer and hexagon screws with thread cleaning screw.

1.1.1 Metric threads, regular pitch. Strength class 8.8.

304

825Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.6 Tightening torque > GeneTable 1.

Assembly torque NmThread Nom. Min. Max.

M4 2.9 2.5 3.3M5 6 5.1 6.9M6 9.5 8.1 10.9M8 24 20 28M10 47 40 54M12 84 71 97M14 135 115 155M16 210 179 242M18 290 247 334M20 420 357 483M22 580 493 667M24 730 621 840ral

87

3.6 Tightening torque1.1.2 Metric threads, regular pitch. Strength class 10.9.

Table 2.

Assembly torque NmThread Nom. Min. Max.M4 3.6 3.1 4.1M5 7.5 6.4 8.6M6 12.0 10.2 13.8M8 30 26 35M10 59 50 68M12 105 89 121M14 170 145 196M16 270 230 311M18 360 306 414M20 530 451 610M22 730 621 840M24 910 774 1047Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.6 Tightening torque > Gene1.1.3 Metric threads, fine pitch. Strength class 8.8.

Table 3.

Assembly torque NmThread Nom. Min. Max.M8x1 26 22 30M10x1.25 50 43 58M12x1.25 92 78 106M14x1.5 150 128 173M16x1.5 230 196 265M18x1.5 330 281 380M20x1.5 470 400 541M22x1.5 640 544 736M24x1.5 830 706 955ral1.1.4 Metric threads, fine pitch. Strength class 10.9.

Table 4.

Assembly torque NmThread Nom. Min. Max.M8x1 32 27 37M10x1.25 62 53 71M12x1.25 115 98 132M14x1.5 180 153 207M16x1.5 290 247 334M18x1.5 410 349 472M20x1.5 590 502 679M22x1.5 800 680 920M24x1.5 1040 884 119688

3.6 Tightening torque1.2 Flange screws with hexagonal head and hexag-onal flange nuts.

303

291Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.6 Tightening torque > Gene1.2.1 Metric threads, regular pitch. Strength class 8.8.

Table 5.

Assembly torque NmThread Nom. Min. Max.M5 6.7 5.77 7.7M6 10.2 8.7 11.7M8 26 22 30M10 50 43 58M12 92 78 106M14 149 127 171ral1.2.2 Metric threads, regular pitch. Strength class 10.9.

Table 6.

Assembly torque NmThread Nom. Min. Max.M5 8.1 6.9 9.3M6 13 11.1 15M8 32 27 37M10 63 54 72M12 115 98 132M14 187 159 21589

3.7 LimitationsBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.7 Limitations > Attaching body to chassis frameAttaching body to chassis frame

For more information about welding and areas where welding is forbidden, see chapter 3.4 Weld-ing.

REQUIREMENT!Fasteners should not be attached to:

suspension components Brackets for the anti-roll bar areas at least 30 mm from a screw joint and/or

rivets (with the exception of the chassis cross member)

areas within 15 mm of the external edge of the flange

areas within 15 mm of holesIssue 2015.4 en-GB 90

3.7 Limitations

AFront suspension area F 4x2 and 6x2Welding is not allowed in the F chassis front sus-pension area, as indicated in grey in the figure at side.

Bodywork attachment in this area of the chassis, must be made with screws or rivets. If new screw holes are necessary, follow the instructions in chapter 3.5 Drilling.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.7 Limitations > Attaching boA. Minimum 200 mmdy to chassis frame351

306A91

3.7 LimitationsFront suspension area 8x2 (F bi-articulated)Welding is not allowed in the F chassis front sus-pension area, as indicated in grey in the figure at side.


307A92

3.7 LimitationsRear suspension area F 4x2Welding is not allowed in the F chassis rear sus-pension area, as indicated in grey in the figure at side.

Bodywork attachment in this area of the chassis, must be made with screws or rivets. If new screw holes are necessary, follow the instructions in chapter 3.5 Drilling.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.7 Limitations > Attaching boA. Minimum 160 mm

Ady to chassis frame351

308

A93

3.7 LimitationsRear suspension area F 6x2Welding is not allowed in the F chassis rear sus-pension area, as indicated in grey in the figure at side.

Bodywork attachment in this area of the chassis, must be made with screws or rivets. If new screw holes are necessary, follow the instructions in chapter 3.5 Drilling.Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.7 Limitations > Attaching boA. Minimum 100 mm

Bdy to chassis frame

B. Minimum 200 mm.351

309A94

3.7 Limitations

ACentral and rear suspension area 8x2 (F bi-articulated)Welding is not allowed in the F chassis central and rear suspension area, as indicated in grey in the fig-ure at side.


30595

3.7 LimitationsArticulation area (F bi-articulated)

REQUIREMENT!No component or body part can be attached or welded to:

1. Pivot bearings2. Brackets 3. Articulation brackets and base

8x2 (F bi-articulated) chassis

349

815

1

3

2Issue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.7 Limitations > Attaching body to chassis frame96

3.7 LimitationsF 4x2 and 6x2 driver area


1. Removable beam

2. Pedal plate

3. Support, angle gear and steering columns

4. Accelerator pedal

5. Brake pedal

6. Clutch pedalIssue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.7 Limitations > Attaching bo362

762

12dy to chassis frame362

763

45

6

3

297

3.7 Limitations8x2 driver's area (F bi-articulated)


1. Removable beam

2. Pedal plate

3. Power steering gear bracket

4. Accelerator pedal

5. Brake pedal

6. Steering box and bracketIssue 2015.4 en-GBBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.7 Limitations > Attaching bo362

764

1

2

3dy to chassis frame362

765

5

3

4

6

298

3.8 Possible modificationsrBBM F > 3 Body connection > 3.8 Possible modifications > Cutting of rear overhang side memberCutting of rear overhang side memb

bbm_en-gb_2015.4

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