bab i iii mekanisme aerasi revisi

8/10/2019 BAB I III Mekanisme Aerasi Revisi

1/10

LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM PENGELOLAAN AIR DAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI

LABORATORIUM PENGELOLAAN AIR DAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI

SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN AJARAN 2014/2015

Pengaruh Aerasi Difusi dan Mekanik serta Suhu terhada Kandungan !e dan

DO ada Peng"#ahan Air Tanah

PEMBIMBING : Diant$ R"sirda% ST& MT

Oleh :

Ke#"'"k ( )I

Na'a ( 1. Izma !l"a#a NIM 12141104$

2. M"%a Le&'a%" Sa("'%" NIM 121411051

). M. R*hma'!ll*h I#&a# + NIM 121411052

Ke#as ( )B

PROGRAM STUDI DIPLOMA III TEKNIK KIMIA

JURUSAN TE+NI+ +IMIA

POLITE+NI+ NEGERI BAN,UNG

2014

P%a-'"-!m : 0) ,e&eme% 2014


2/10

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

*&*& Latar Be#akang

A"% 'a#ah aalah a"% a# 'e%aa' alam la"&a# 'a#ah a'a! ea'!a# " a3ah

e%m!-aa# 'a#ah. A"% 'a#ah me%!a-a# &alah &a'! &!me% aa a"%. Sela"# a"% &!#a" a#

a"% h!a# a"% 'a#ah !a mem!#a" e%a#a# a# &a#a' e#'"# 'e%!'ama alam

me#aa -e&e"ma#a# a# -e'e%&e"aa# aha# a-! a"% !#'!- -ee#'"#a# %!mah

'a#a 6*me&'"-7 ma!!# !#'!- -ee#'"#a# "#!&'%". ,"ee%aa ae%ah

-e'e%a#'!#a# a&*-a# a"% e%&"h a# a"% 'a#ah 'elah me#8aa" 9 0;.

Ae%a&" me%!a-a# &!a'! %*&e& e#amaha# !a%a -ealam a"% e#a# 8a%a

me#em%*'-a# a"% -e !a%a a'a! meme%"-a# !a%a -ealam a"% &eh"#a *-&"e#

'e%la%!' " alam a"% &ema-"# '"#". Be%a&a%-a# me-a#"&me#a ae%a&" aa' "a"

me#a" ae%a&" alam" ae%a&" "(!&" a# ae%a&" me-a#"-.

+emam!a# "(!&" *-&"e# me#"#-a' e#a# e#"#-a'a# &!h! &ea# 'ea#a#

e%m!-aa# a# -e-e#'ala# me#!%!# &e"%"# e#a# -e#a"-a# &!h!. Pe#"#-a'a# &!h!

alam a"% a-a# me#ea-a# 'e%a"#a e#!%!#a# -aa% O2 a# e#"#-a'a# -ela%!'a#e&" alam a"%. +ela%!'a# *-&"e# e%'amah &e"%"# e#a# e#!%!#a# 'eme%a'!%

e%a"%a# 3ala!!# h!!#a# "#" '"a- &elama#a e%ala# &e8a%a l"#"e%.

*&+& Tu,uan

Aa!# '!!a# a%" e%8*aa# "#" aalah

1.2.1. Me#e'ah!" e#a%!h &!h! 'e%haa -a#!#a# *-&"e# 'e%la%!' alam a"% -e%a#

1.2.2. Me#e'ah!" me-a#"&me a# al"# 'ea' a#'a%a ae%a&" "(!&" a# me-a#"-

!#'!- me#"#-a'-a# *-&"e# 'e%la%!' alam a"% -e%a#

1.2.). Me#e'ah!" e#a%!h &!h! 'e%haa e#!%!#a# -aa%


3/10

&e-'%*(*'*me'%" la%!'a# +S>N 10; a# la%!'a# HNO) 4N a# "!#a-a# ma&"#=

ma&"# &ea#a- ) ml a# 5 ml.

Pa%ame'e% a# a-a# " !" mel"#-!" :

a. O-&"e# 'e%la%!'

. ,aa ha#'a% l"&'%"-

8. +aa%


4/10

BAB II

TIN.AUAN PUSTAKA

A"% me%!a-a# (a-'*% e-*l*" a" mah-l!- h"!. ?ala!!# em"-"a# 'e%#a'a '"a-

&em!a a"% aa' &e8a%a la#&!# "!#a-a# meme#!h" -e!'!ha# ma-hl!- h"! 'e'a" ha%!&

meme#!h" -%"'e%"a alam &e'"a a%ame'e%=a%ame'e%#a. A"% 'a#ah me%!a-a# &!me% a"%

e%&"h a# al"# a#a- "!#a-a# &eaa" &!me% a"% e%&"h a" ma&a%a-a' "

ee&aaa#. Aa% a"% 'a#ah &elal! ama# "!#a-a# ma-a &!me% a"% 'a#ah ha%!& 'e%h"#a% a%"

e#8ema%a# &ee%'" ama# 'ema' em!a#a# &amah 'ema' em!a#a# l"mah/a"%

e-a& -*'*%a# 'e%#a- a# la"##a. Nam!# -*#"&" a"% 'a#ah a "-*#&!m&" ma&a%a-a'

&e%"#-al" '"a- &e&!a" e#a# ha%aa#. U#'!- me#"#-a'-a# -!al"'a& a"% 'a#ah a#

"ha&"l-a# e%l! "la-!-a# e%a"-a# -!al"'a& a"- &e8a%a -"m"a3" ma!!# a-'e%"*l*"&.

Salah &a'! me'*e e%a"-a# 'e%&e!' aalah e#a# Ae%a&".

+&*& Aerasi

Ae%a&" aalah emamaha# *-&"e# -e alam a"% &eh"#a *-&"e# 'e%la%!' " alam

a"% &ema-"# '"#". Paa %"#&"#a ae%a&" "'! me#8am!%-a# a"% e#a# !a%a a'a!

aha# la"# &eh"#a a"% a# e%*-&"e# %e#ah -*#'a- e#a# *-&"e# a'a! !a%a.

Ae%a&" 'e%ma&!- e#*laha# &e8a%a ("&"-a -a%e#a le"h me#!'ama-a# !#&!% me-a#"&a&"

a%" aa !#&!% "*l*". ,e#a# me#"#-a'#a *-&"e# za'=za' a# m!ah me#!a

&ee%'" h"%*e# &!l("e a# me'a#a a# meme#a%!h" %a&a a# a! aa' "h"la#-a#.

+a#!#a# -a%*#"*-&"a alam a"% a-a# e%-!%a#. M"#e%al a# la%!' &e%'" e&" a#

ma#a# a-a# 'e%*-&"a&" meme#'!- e#aa# a# aa' "h"la#-a# e#a#

&e"me#'a&" a# ("l'%a&". Ae%a&" aa' "la-!-a# &e8a%a alam" "(!&" ma!!# me-a#"-.

+&*&* Aerasi a#a'i me%!a-a# -*#'a- a#'a%a a"% a# !a%a a# 'e%a" -a%e#a

e%e%a-a# a"% &e8a%a alam". Bee%aa me'*e a# 8!-! *!le% "!#a-a#

!#'!- me#"#-a'-a# ae%a&" alam" a#'a%a la"# me#!#a-a# cascade

aerator waterfalls ma!!# cone tray aerator.

+&*&+ Aerasi se/ara difusi &e!mlah !a%a "al"%-a# -e alam a"% l"mah melal!"

"((!&e%. Ua%a a# ma&!- -e alam a"% l"mah #a#'"#a a-a# e%e#'!-

elem!#=elem!# 6bubbles7. Gelem!# a# 'e%e#'!- aa' e%!a

elem!# hal!& 6fine bubbles7 a'a! -a&a% 6coarse bubbles7. Hal "#" 'e%a#'!#

a%" e#"& "((!&e% a# "!#a-a#.


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+&*&- Aerasi se/ara 'ekanika'a! "-e#al !a e#a# "&'"lah mechanical agitation

me#!#a-a# %*&e& e#a!-a# e#a# &!a'! ala' &eh"#a mem!#-"#-a#

'e%a"#a -*#'a- a#'a%a a"% e#a# !a%a.

T!!a# !'ama %*&e& ae%a&" "alah aa% O2 " !a%a aa' e%ea-&" e#a# -a'"*# a#

aa " alam a"% *laha#. Rea-&" -a'"*# a# *-&"e# me#ha&"l-a# *-&"a&" l*am a#

&!-a% la%!' alam a"% &eh"#a aa' me#e#a. Ma#(aa' a# "aa' a%" %*&e& "#"

a"'! me#h"la##a %a&a &e%'a a! '"a- e#a- me#h"la##a a&=a& a# '"a- "!'!h-a# 6>O2

me'ha#e h%*e# &!l("a7 me#"#-a'#a e%aa' -ea&ama# a"% 6-a%e#a -aa% >O2

"h"la#-a#7 &e%'a me#amah a&=a& a# "e%l!-a# a'a!!# !#'!- me#"#"#-a# a"%.

Sela"# "'! e#a# %*&e& ae%a&" !a aa' me#!%!#-a# -aa% e&" 6


6/10

1 10

20 $.2

24 .5

)0 .Sumber: Chanlett (1979)

+&-& DO

Mema#'a! -*#&e#'%a&" ,O &!ah a&'" &a#a' e%-a"'a# e#a# ae%a&". Ae%a&" a#

"ma-&! " &"#" me#8a-! &!la" *-&"e# &e%'a me'*e ela%!'a# *-&"e# -e alam

&"&'em activated sludge (mixing). Mixingaa' "la-!-a# e#a# e%aa" 8a%a. A-a#

'e'a" alam &"&'em activated sludge&elal! "e%l!-a# ae%a&" &e8a%a me-a#"- -a%e#a la!

al"%a# a& *-&"e# m!%#" a# ma&!- -e alam &"&'em 'e%lal! lama' &eh"#a &!l"' !#'!-

me#e%aam-a# -*#&e#'%a&" " alam 'a#-".

Seaa" rule of thumb -e!'!ha# *-&"e# "-a'a-a# 'e%e#!h" aa"la -*#&e#'%a&"

,O " alam %ea-'*% "*l*" me#8aa" m"#"mal 2 m/L. Mema# hal "#" "&a &aa

e%!ah 'e%a#'!# -*#"&" l"mah ma&"#=ma&"# "#&'ala&". Saa' -*#&e#'%a&" ,O e%aa

" a3ah #"la" *'"mal#a "#"-a'*% e%'ama aalah m!#8!l#a a-'e%" e%e#'!-

("lame# alam !mlah a# &"#"("-a# " alam 'a#-" ae%a&". +*m*&"&" m"-%*a a-a#

"*m"#a&" *leh a-'e%" e#"& "#" &eh"#a meme#a%!h" -emam!a# l!m!% !#'!-

me#e#a. Selama l!m!% ma&"h aa' ""&ah-a# a%" e(l!e# 6" 8la%"("e%7 ma-a

ma&alah ma&"h aa' "a'a&" e#a# Cmema&m"D a-'e%" ("lame#'*!& 'e%&e!'. J"-a

-*#&e#'%a&" ,O 'e%!& me#!%!# ma-a e%'!m!ha# a-'e%" ("lame# a-a# &ema-"#

me#"#-a' la". +*#"&" la#!'a# &ee%'" "#" aa' me#!%!#-a# e("&"e#&" e#*laha#

-a%e#a e(l!e# a-a# me#a" -e%!h. Paa -*#"&" a# le"h a%ah l!m!% aa' e%!ah

3a%#a me#a" -eh"'ama# a# a-a# m!#8!l a! !&!- a-"a' -*#"&" 'a#-" a# 'elah

e%!ah me#a" a#ae%*.

+&0& Kandungan !e

A"% 'a#ah a# "&al!%-a# !#'!- -ee#'"#a# *me&'"- %!mah 'a#a a# "al"%"

le3a' -e%a# 6a"% -e%a#7 "a&a#a e%3a%#a a# e%a! l*am. A"% 'a#ah -h!&!a !#'!-

ema-a"a# %!mah 'a#a a# "#!&'%" " 3"laah !%a# a# a'a%a# %e#ah mem"l"-"

-e8e#e%!#a# !#'!- me#a#!# -aa% e&" a'a! a&am *%a#"- '"#". Hal "#" "&a

"a-"a'-a# a%" -*#"&" e*l*"& I#*#e&"a a# &e8a%a alam" mem"l"-" e*&"'


7/10

'e%!'ama " ae%ah le%e# !#!# a'a! "a-"a'-a# !la *leh a-'""'a& ma#!&"a.

Sea#-a# a"% e#a# -a#!#a# a&am *%a#"- '"#" "&a "&ea-a# *leh aa#a laha#

am!' a'a! ae%ah a-a! a# -aa a-a# -a#!#a# &e#a3a *%a#"-. >"%"=8"%" a"%

a# me#a#!# -aa% e&" '"#" a'a! -a#!#a# &e#a3a *%a#"- '"#" "&a "l"ha'

&eaa" e%"-!' :

2.5.1 A"% me#a#!# e&"

A"% e#a# -a#!#a# za' e&" '"#" a-a# me#ea-a# a"% e%3a%#a -!#"#.

Pe%'ama -el!a% a%" -%a# a"% #ama- e%#"h #am!# &e'elah ee%aa &aa' a"% a-a#

e%!ah 3a%#a me#a" -!#"#. Hal "#" "&ea-a# -a%e#a a"% a# e%a&al a%"

&!me% a"% &eel!m -el!a% a%" -%a# e%aa alam e#'!- "*#


8/10

BAB III

METODOLOGI

Paa %a-'"-!m "#" "e%l!-a# ala' a# aha# !#'!- me#!#a# ala##a %*&e& ae%a&".

-&* A#at dan Bahan

-&*&* A#at

Ala' a# "!#a-a# !#'!- %a-'"-!m ae%a&" "#" aalah &eaa" e%"-!':

1 ?aah/a- ae%a&" l"mah 6 2 e#'!- e*me'%" 7

2 Ala' e#!-!% la! al"% !a%a 6


9/10

-&+ Pr"sedur Ker,a

Paa %a-'"-!m "#" a"% -e%a# "ae%a&" &elama 0 me#"' e#a# e%eaa#

me-a#"&me ae%a&" a"'! a- 1 e#a# ae%a&" "(!&" a# 'eme%a'!% 25> a# a- 2

e#a# ae%a&" me-a#"- a# 'eme%a'!%e 25>. Se'elah "'! "la-!-a# -emal" ae%a&"

&elama 0 me#"' e#a# e%eaa# me-a#"&me ae%a&" 'e'a" me#!#a-a# 'eme%a'!%e

a# e%ea a"'! a- 1 e#a# ae%a&" "(!&" a# 'eme%a'!% 40> a# a- 2 e#a#

ae%a&" me-a#"- a# 'eme%a'!%e 40>.

-&+&* Pr"ses Aerasi

1 Me#"a-a# 2 !ah a- ae%a&" a# me#"&"#a e#a# ma&"#=ma&"# 1. l"'e% a"%

-e%a# 'a#a ema#a&a#.2 Mema&a# (l*3me'e% a# me#ema'-a# &ela# ae%a&"

) Me#e8e- #"la" ,O a# -a#!#a# "*# N a# 9 5 ml HNO ) -e alam la! 'a-a%

-em!"a# "-*8*-. Lal! mema&!-a##a -e alam -!e' !#'!- "a"#-a# e#a# la#-*aa &e-'%*(*'*me'e%.

-&- Diagra' A#ir

A"% -e%a#Ba- ae%a&"


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bab i iii mekanisme aerasi revisi

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