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    TM 9-782

    WAR DEPARTMENT

    TECHNICAL MANUAL

    TRACTOR, LIGHT,WHEELEDINDUSTRIAL TYPE (A-C MODEL B)June 12, 1942

    M I R D F I H EV Il BLE

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    FIRA NKLTN & rA RSHALLCOLLEGE LIBRARy T 9-782

    C 1TECHNICAL MANUAL

    TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE(A-C MODEL B)

    CHIANGEES WAR D)EPARTMENT,No. 1 J WASHINGTON, December 30, 1942.TM 9-782, June 12, 1942, ischanged as follows:Figure 6 is rescinded and the following substituted therefor:

    Lubricant * Interval Interval LubricantDragink C68 8 C6King in

    King Pin CC8 . 8C6Front WheelearingsFront Wheelearings C6S8 8 C6TieRod

    TieRodC68Crankcase Dra n Plug 640E Crankcase (Seeable)Drain, refill Note 3)Air Cleaner Note 2) OE Checkevel daily

    Dragink C68 300 Oil Filter Note S5Clutch Release Bearing Sparingly)Reached thiough openinginbottom of clutch housing)

    16

    Steering GearGO6MSeasonal grade)Fill andevel plug)Transmission and ifferentialrain Plugs

    Trans. andDiff. (Seeable) 60 6MFill andevel plug) Note 4) /Final Drive See Table) 60 6MIFillandevel plug) Note 41 / 606 Final Drive (Seeable)Fill andevel plug) Nole4)

    -- KEYLUBRICANTS INTERVALS

    OE-OIL engine CG-GREASE, general purpose.. 8- 8HOURSCrankcase grade No. I (above +32 16 16HOURSGO-LUBRICANT, gear, universal 300 300300--300HOURSHOURS

    No 0 (+32 0 to 00) 6M- MONTHSCHECK DAILYCrankcaseAir Cleaner

    FiGUI:E 6.-Lubl icationl chart. RAPD 35519[A. G. 062.11 (11-:11-42).] (C 1, Dec. 30, 1942.)501961'-42 .

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    TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE TM 9-782C 1

    Table of capacities and recommendations (page 10) is rescindedand thefollowing substituted therefor:

    Table of capacities and lubricants to be used0(qCapacity Above +320 +320 toO Bclow 0O(quarts)'

    OE OECrankcase .----------- 4 SAE 30 SAE 10Transmission and dif- 1 Refer to OFSB 6-11.'ferential. SGO GO

    Final drive (each unit)_ SAE 90 SAE 80No'rEs

    (Additional lubrication and service instructions on individual units avnd parts.For lubricationand service below 0 refer to OFSB 6-11.)1. Fittings.-Clean before applying lubricant. Lubricate until new grease is

    forced from the bearing. Caution: Lubricate after washing tractor.2. Air cleaners.-a. Engine.--Clean and refill oil cup dailywith used crankcase

    oilor OE.b. Crankcase breather.-Wash daily. Reoil with used crankcase oil or OE,

    drain and replace. Every 6 months remove entire cleaner from tractor, wash insolvent, dry-cleaning, dry, and oil with used crankcase oil or oil, engine, asspecified on lubrication guide. Wash breather pipe cap as indicated on lubrication guide. Clogged cap may causeoil leak due to pressurebuilt up in crankcase.Caution: If allowed to become clogged with dirt, crankcase pressure will becreated, causing oil leaks.

    3. Crankccase.-Drainonly when engine is hot. Refill to FULLmark on gage.Run engine a few minutes and recheck oil level. Every 6months, remove andclean oilpan and oil pump screen. Caution: Be sure pressure gage indicates oilis circulating. (See table.)4. Gear cases.-Check level of transmission, differential, and final drives daily.

    Add lubricant if necessary. Check with tractor on level ground. Drain, flush,and refill at the end of the first240 hours; thereafter as indicated at points onguide.' When draining, drain immediafely after operation. To drain final driveunit remove final drive housing cover.

    5. Oil filter.-Renew filter element every 300 hours, ormore often if necessary.After renewing element, refill crankcase to FULL mark on gage. Run.engine afewminutes and recheck oil level.

    6. Governor.-Clean and oil all linkage between governor and carburetor withOE every 64 hours.7. Fuel filter.-Check daily anddrain accumulated water and dirt, as required.8. Points requiring no lubrication.-Fan,water pump, magneto, governor, belt

    pulley, frontaxle pivotpin, clutch pilot bearing.9. Power take-off.--When power take-off is installed, add one extra quart of

    lubricant, gear, universal, seasonal grade, to transmission.[A. G. 062.11 (11-11-42).] (C 1, Dec. 30, 1942.)

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    TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE TM 9-782C 129. General.

    b. Indicated below are themaintenance duties forwhich toolsand parts have been provided for the using arm personnel.Otherreplacements andrepairsaretheresponsibility ofordnancemaintenance personnel, but may be performed by the usingarmpersonnel,when circumstancespermit,within thediscretionofthe commander concerned.

    [A.G. 062.11 (11-11-42).] (C 1, Dec. 30, 1942.)BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OFWAR:

    G.C.MARSHALL,Chief of Staff.OFFICIAL:

    J. A. ULIO,Major General,

    The Adjutant General.

    3iS. GOVERNMENIPRINTING OFFICE: 1942

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    TM 9-782

    TECHNICAL MANUAL WAR DEPARTMENT,No. 9-782 WASHINGTON, June 12, 1942.TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    (A-C MODEL B)

    CHAPTER 1. Operating instructions. ParagraphsSection I. General-------..-......... 1-2

    II. Description and tabulated data------------ - 3-4III. Operating instructions and controls----------- 5-11IV. Lubrication----------------------- .--- 12-16V. Inspections---------------------------- 17-21VI. General care and preservation-------------- 22-24VII. Materiel affected bygas-........ ..... 25-28

    CHAPTER 2. Organization instructions.Section I. Maintenance --------------------------- 29-30

    II. Equipment------------------- 31III. Engine---------------------------------- 32-43IV. Gasoline supply system-------------------- 44-47V. Cooling system-------------------------- 48-52VI. Clutch--------------------------------- 53-54VII. Power transmission system-----... 55-58VIII. Brakes--------------------------------- 59-60IX. Wheels and tires ...............-... _ 61-64X. Painting -.......................... 65-70

    PageAPPENDIX. References-........................ 55

    CHAPTER 1OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Paragraphs

    SECTION I..General....---------------------------- 1-2II. Description and tabulated data---------------- 3-4III. Operating instructions and controls----------- 5-11IV. Lubrication .....................-- 12-16V. Inspections-- - - - -------- 17-21VI. General care and preservation----- 22-24VII. Mat6riel affected bygas_--------------. 25-28

    SECTION IGENERAL Paragraph

    Purpose -\- -------------------------------.. -..---------------- 1 .Scope - 2

    466870 0-42 1 (1)

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    TM 9-7821-3 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    1. Purpose.-This manual is published for the information andguidance of thepersonnel of theusing arms or services charged withthe use, maintenance, and repairof this materiel. Major units andtheir functionare described in relation totheother components of thetractor, aswell as instructionsforoperation, inspection,minorrepair,andunitreplacement.2. Scope.-Chapter 1contains informationintendedchiefly fortheguidance ofoperating personnel. Chapter 2 contains information intendedchiefly fortheguidance ofpersonnel of theusingarmschargedwithmaintaining themateriel.

    I : .oki7 tj

    I

    FIGrURE 1.--Lightwheeled industrial type tractor, A-C-model B.SECTION II

    DESCRIPTION ANDTABULATED DATAParagraphDescription-----. _.. . ..................

    Tabulated data-------------- ------------------ - 43. Description.-The lighttractor,M2,Allis-Chalmers,model B,isafour-wheeled industrial typetractor. It ispoweredwith aheavy-duty,four-cylinder, water-cooled, gasoline engine. Steeringis accom

    2

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    _ _

    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 3--4

    plishedwithan automobile type steeringwheel. There are three forwardspeeds andonereverse speedprovided to accommodate differentloads.

    4. Tabulated data.-a. General.Weight,complete- --------- -___._ 2,250pounds.Overall length . . ...........111 inches.-_-_-_-_-.Overallheight-- _-_-_----_-_-____-- --. 613/4 inches.Overallwidth--------_- __ _ _------ 62 inches.Fronttread _ --.. .--------------......-2 inches.Fronttire size _._._--_----_._._ .. . ....00by15inches.Front tire pressure-------.......-- _ 28pounds.Rear tread _--__-__----- . ._ ..........40inches-44 inches.

    48inches-52 inches.Reartire size __-- ___-___ 8by24 inches....- .......Rear tirepressure-- __ _----------___ 12pounds.Turning radius _ _ __-- __-_----- 73/4 feet.Brakes -----_------ __-_----- _ Inclosedexternalcontract-----

    ingtypeonrearwheels.Drawbar pull----- _---- _-_-_------- _ Firstspeed, 1,406pounds.Secondspeed, 1,382pounds.Thirdspeed,684pounds.

    b. Engine.Numberofcylinders ----------- -_ _-------- 4.Bore and stroke-_-_-------- --- --_-__ _--- 31/4 by31/2 inches.Horsepower------------__-_-__ -- 19.2@1,400 r.p.mn.- -- ___Compression ratio-__-_--- -_____- ____ 4.92 to 1.._--Rated speed--------------_-_-_-_----_ __ 1,400 r.p.m.High idle _-_-----------------___-_-_-_----- 1,600r.p.in.Cylinderfiringorder ------ __----------------. 1, 2, 4,3.Cylinderdisplacement ._._.. _ .. _-_------- _ 116 cubic inches.c. Capacitiesof various units.Coolingsystem ----------------------------........... 2gallons.Engine crankcase capacity..........--.. .- - - 4quarts.Fueltank capacity___---------- 12 gallons........... --.Transmission and differential capacity--_---_ 6 quarts.Finaldrive gearscapacity __ . _-_-_---11/2 pints each.Air cleaner, capacity of oil cup __------------ 1/2int.

    d. Fuel and oil.Fuel ------------------- Gasoline.Lubricants._ __.-- ____--------- _ Seelubricationguide.

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    TM 9-7825-6 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    SECTION IIIOPERATING INSTRUCTIONS AND CONTROLS

    ParagraphGeneral______________------__-------___ 5Prestarting inspection -----6----- - ----- 6Starting instructions ---------------- _-- - Operating the tractor .............................--- 8Stopping--------------------- --- -- - 9Cold weather instructions---------------------- 10tarting ----Safety precautions------- ----- 115. General.-a. Throttle.-A hand throttle lever is. provided toregulate the speed setting of the governor. The governor regula tes

    theamountofairandfuel fedto theengine,holding itsspeedconstantfor the particular setting inwhich the throttle lever may be placed.

    b. Steering wheel.-A- conventional automotive type steeringwheelisprovided.c. Brakes.-Independent brakes are provided for each of the rearwheels. Each brake is operatedby its control lever located over the

    rearwheel ateitherside ofthedriver (fig.4). Thebrakes are appliedas the lever is pulled back. A catch is provided to maintain brakesin full applied position. Sharp turnsmay be made by applying thehandbrake on the side towardwhich theturn is to be made andturning the steering wheel in the usual direction. Thiswill allow thetractor-topivot about the rear wheel on which the brake is applied.

    d. Gaarshift lever.- Agearshiftlever ismounted on the transmission case in frontof the driver (fig. 4). It provides three,forwardspeeds forthetractor andone reverse speed. The gearshift positionsasindicatedinfigure3are as follows:Firstspeed-to the right andforward.Secondspeed-to the leftand forward.Third speed-to the leftandback.Reverse-to the rightandback.e.Clutch.-A clutchpedal isprovided on'theleftsideof the tractor

    (fig. 4). convenient to the operator's left foot. The clutch pedal isdepressed each time it is desired to shift gears and the lever placedin theproper gear position, afterwhich the clutch pedal is releasedslowly toavoid asudden jerkatstarting andthethrottleisopened farenough to avoid stalling the engine. A latch is provided whichmaybeusedtohold theclutch indepressed position.6. Prestarting inspection.-Before the engine isstarted, thepre-starting inspectionoutlined insection Vmustbe accomplished.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 7

    THROTTLE G- A

    OIL_,ACIE

    RA PD 5639FIGURE 2.-Three-quarter view-rear.

    RA PD 5640FIGURE 3.-Gear shift diagram.

    7. Starting instructions.-a. Placethegearshiftlever in neutralposition.b. In cold weather lock the clutch pedal in forward position to permiteasier cranking.c. Open valve under large tank.d.Move throttlecontrol forward about four notches.e. Close' carburetor choke valve.f. Crankengine over two compression strokes.

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    TM 9-7827 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    RADIATOR CAP---\EXHAUST STACKK-WATER TEMPERATURE GAGE

    -BREATHER CAPAIR CLEANER CAP:z:UEL AXNK -FILLER SPOUT

    CLUTCH PEDAL GEAR SHIFTLEVER

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 7-9

    gageneedle should register within thisblack areawhen theengine isheated to operating temperature and running at its normal governedspeed.j. After the engine is started, close the radiator shutter with thecontrol located on the right side of the radiator shell, and keep it

    closed until the engine reaches normal operating temperature as indicated onthe temperature gagemounted on theenginehood immediately behind the radiator cap (fig. 5).' Then open the shuttersufficiently to keep the temperature normal.

    I-~~~~~~~X W~~~~~~OL

    FIGURE 5.-Finding diagram.8. Operating the tractor.-Depress the clutch pedal to release

    clutch. Move the gear shift lever as indicated in paragraph 5d intothe speed positiondesired. Release the clutch pedal slowly to avoida sudden jerk in starting and open the throttle far enough to avoidstallingof theengine. The selection of theproper gear positionwilldepend on the load and traction conditions.9. Stopping.-a. Stopping the tractor.-Depressthe clutch pedalandmove the gear shift lever toneutral position. Release the clutchpedal and allow it to return to its normal position. Close throttlepartly, toavoidracing theengine andapply thewheel brakes.

    b. Stopping the engine.-Close throttle completely and ground themagneto by holding themagneto ground switch lever firmly againstthemagneto frameuntil theengine has stopped, or in later typetractorsmove magneto ground switch to "Off" position. This switch islocated on instrumentpanel. 7

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    TM 9-78210-13 TRACTOR, L.IGHT, WHE.ELED INDUSTRIAL' TYPE10. Cold weather starting instructions.-If the engine does

    notstart readilywhencranked inaccordance withparagraph 7,morechoking may be necessary. Close the carburetor choke valve andcontinue cranking.11.. Safety precautions.-a. Be sure the gear shift lever is inneutral before cranking the engine.b.-Always engage the clutch gently, especially when going up a

    hillorpullingoutofa ditch.c.When driving on highways be sure thatboth wheels are braked

    simultaneously whenmakingan emergency stop.d. Be especially careful when working on hillsides. Watch for

    holes or ditches into which a wheel may drop and cause tractor tooverturn.

    e. Always keep tractor in gear when going down steep hills orgrades.

    f. Reduce speed before making a turn or applying brakes. Thehazard ofoverturning the tractor increases four timeswhen speed isdoubled.

    g. Never dismount from tractor when it is in motion. Wait untilitstops.h. Never permit persons other than the driver to ride'on tractor

    when it is inoperation.i. Never refuel tractor while motor is running or extremely hot.SECTION IV

    LUBRICATION ParagraphGeneral____________-------------------- 12System -______________________________________..______________________ 13Oil filter__________ - -14-------------------------------------Breather cap---_____----_______________________________________________ 15Gear cases________--______________ 16..12. General.-The lubrication guideinthissectionshowsalllubri

    cation points of the tractor to be serviced by the using troops, themethodsoflubrication, and thetypesoflubricantsrequired.13. System.-a. Engine system.-Engine oilunderpressure issup

    plied to crankshaft bearings; camshaft bearings, and rocker arms.Thecamshaft isprovidedwith fourmetering holespositioned todirecta sprayof oiltoeach connecting rodfor lubrication of theconnectingrodbearings,pistonpins, andcylinderwalls. Theoilunderpressure,isprovided bye vane-typeoilpump attached tothe rearofthe engineblock. Thispump isdriven by thecamshaft.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 13-15

    b. The crankcase, or engine oil sump, is filled through thebreathercap provided on thetopof theengine hood (fig. 5). A bayonetgage(fig. 5) located near the oil/filter on the right side of the engine isprovided to indicatethequantity of oil in thecrankcase; theoil levelinthe oil sumpmustbemaintained to the "Full"markon this gage.Aplug,located inthebottomof the crankcase, isremovedwhen necessarytodrainthesumpbeforerefillingwithfreshoil.

    14. Oil filter.-An oil filter is provided in the engine oil pressurecircuit forthe purpose ofremoving abrasiveparticles fromthe engineoil (fig. 5). Thefilter element is of the removable type and shouldbechanged asindicated on the lubrication guide.

    15. Breather cap.-The breathercap (figs. 5 and 8) provides forventilation of theengine sump. Should the breatherbecome cloggedwithdirt,pressurewill be created in thecrankcass andcause oil leaks

    Lubricant Interval Interval*LubricantDrag Link rG 8 8 CG KingPin

    King Pin CG 8 / 8 CG FrontWheel Bearings

    Front Wheel Bearings CG 8 ' ' 8 CG Tie Rod

    TieRod GG8

    Craatra, Dr~in 10. EO (SeeTable) /__-------60 CranicasePlu NA-fil IN.l. 2).C6.1 I... d~il,C .. k-, D-n Mc D,.;. n..

    AirCleaner (N.r.I) EG8 -300 -q OilFil-trIN.e6I

    Drag LinkCG 8

    KEYClatukReleaseB, . CG 16 Lubricants IntervalsClutch Rdelf~t ...Brq,CG 16/ ~cY~~~rIhtom(l..recd tIroulkop.ninginbot . mos.,;.. ortadfrct Crustg C, k. .de. I- 1hoaur

    6o- 0 h.ouGO--.G. O;ir 300-300 eoursSteering Gear GO TG-. .O T-0llbelI(F;Illd I '., ICG-Ch yerI....s Ni.t (bFle. r2F..d.) No.IIebone C 02'F.)

    Chk.ail

    Dr.in Plgs

    Trans. andDiff.(SeeTable) GO T(Fil. d .dI u. (rplm )Final Drire (See Table) GO T T GO FinalDin (SeeT.b!e)(Fell-ad .,.IlpruJ (Itr.4 (tFillndIr..l Ipl.) (N.t. 4)

    RAPD 5643FIGURE 6.--Lubrication guide.

    466870 0-42- 2 9

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    TM 9-78215-16 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    at themainbearings,magneto shafts,andother points. Thebreathercapshould be serviced daily as indicated in the lubrication guide.Table of capacities and recommendations

    Lowest expected atmospheric temperatureCapacity Above(quarts) 900 +320 +100 -100 -300 Below -300

    SAE SAE SAE SAECrankcase- 4 30 30 10 10Transmission 7 For operation inand differen- these temperaturetial. 140 140 90 80 ranges, refer to

    Finaldrive (each . OFSB'6-G-3.unit).

    Norms(Additional lubrication and service instructions on individual units and parts.)

    1. Air cleaner.-Clean and refill oil cup daily with EO (crankcase grade).Wash crankcase breather air cleaner daily. Reoil with EO, drain and replace.Caution.-If allowed to become clogged with dirt crankcase pressure will becreated causingoil leaks.

    2. Crankcase.-Drainonlywhen engine is hot. Flushwith 2quarts EO SAE10, idleengine 5minutes, and drain. Refill to "Full"mark ongage. Caution.Be sure pressure gage indicates oil is circulating. SeeTable.3. Fittings.-Clean:before applying lubricant. Lubricate until new grease

    extrudes from the bearing. Caution.-Lubricate tractor after washing.4.Gear cases.-Check level of transmission and differential every 250 hours

    and finaldrivesevery 60hours. Add lubricant if necessary. Checkwith tractoron level ground. Drain, flush and refill at the end of the first250 hours; thereafter as indicated on guide. Todrain final drive unitremove finaldrive housingcover.

    5. Governor.-Clean andoil all linkage between governor andcarburetor withEOevery 60hours.6. Oil filter.-Renew filter elementevery300 hours, ormore often if necessary.

    After renewing element, refill crankcase to "Full" mark on gage.7. Points requiringno lubrication.-Fan,water pump, magneto, governor, belt

    pulley, front axle pivotpin, clutch pilot bearing.16. Gear cases.-a. Steering gear, transmission, and differential,andfinaldrivegearcases shouldbekeptfilled withgearoilas indicatedin the lubrication guide. Plugs are provided in'the bottom of thetransmission and differential gear cases to permit draining of thelubricantwhennecessary.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 16-19

    b. Lubricationofother points is accomplished byuse ofa pressuregrease gun asindicated in the lubrication guide.SECTION V

    INSPECTIONSParagraph

    Purpose--- -------- -...... ______------- ___ _.___.___._______ 17Prestarting inspection ------------------------ 18Inspection during operation------------------- - --------- - 19Inspectionafter operation--- - - -------------- 20Periodic inspection- 2117. Purpose.-Itis necessary that the tractor be systematicallyinspected atprescribed intervals (see par. 21) in order toinsure relia

    bility of-operation andmaximum performance. Regular inspectionswillprevent prematurewearandfailureofvital parts.

    18. Prestarting inspection.-Before attempting to start the engine of the tractor the following inspectionswillbemade:a. Check theoil levql in theengine oil sump to see ifit isup to thethe fullmark-on gage.' Whennecessary, addoil oftheproper seasonalgrade as indicatedon thelubrication guidetobring the levelup tothefullmark.

    b. Inspect the oil level in the aircleaner oil cup (fig. 11). If theoilisinsufficient, refillasdirectedon the lubrication guide. Checkconnectionson the aircleaner tobe sure theyare airtightandsee thattheaircleaner hose isingood condition.

    c. Check to see that the cooling liquid in the radiator is adequate.If the level is below the level of theoverflow pipe, purewater ortheproper antifreeze solution as indicated in paragraph 49 should beaddedtobringthe levelup to theoverflow pipe.

    d. Remove cap fromgasoline tankandcheck supply offuel.e. Inspect ground beneath the tractor for any indication of oil,

    grease, orwater leakage from the tractor.f. Check air pressure in tires: front tire pressure, 28 pounds, reartire pressure, 12 pounds. The rear tire pressure shouldbemeasuredwith the valve stem at itshighest point above theground, as the tiresare filledwith liquidto this level inorder to add weight and stabilityto the tractor.

    19. Inspection during operation.-a. During operation thedriver should be alert todetect abnormal functioning of the engine.

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    TX 9-78219-21: TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    Unusual engine noiseswillbe detected by a trained operator afterhebecomes accustomed to the particular tractor.b. The instruments shouldbe referred to frequentlytosee if theen

    gine is functioning properly. The instruments provided include awater temperaturegage locatedon the hoodnear the radiatorcap andanoilpressuregagemounted neartheoilfilter (fig. 5).c. Anunsteady oil gage pointer indicates low oil level when theengine speedis fairlyconstant.d. Proper clutch, steeringmechanism, andbrake operationswill beevident to' the driver. When any of these parts are not operatingnormally areportwillbemade totheofficer incharge.

    e. The tractor ordinarily should not be operated after indicationsoftroublehave beenobserved. When there is anydoubt, the engineshouldbestoppedandaidofamechanic obtained.20. Inspection after operation.-At theconclusion ofeachday's

    operation aninspection willbemade in accordance withthe followingschedule, and'the indicated preventive maintenance function carriedout. (If defects cannot be corrected, they should be reportedpromptly tothechiefof the section orotherdesignated individuals.)a. Check to see that thevalvebeneath thefuel tank isturned to the"Off" position.b. Remove the breather cap, wash in gasoline, and dip in engineoil. Drainoff excess oilbefore replacing.o. All points indicated on the chart for service at8-hour intervalsshould be lubricated at this time.

    d. The air cleaner should becleaned and refilled with engine oilandthecrankcase oillevelshouldbebroughttothefullmark.21. Periodic inspection.-The followingperiodic inspections areprescribed:

    After 16hours of operationPoint of inspection Remarks

    Clutch release;bearings. Lubricate the bearingswith chassisgrease.After 25 hours of operation

    Fuel line strainer. Clean.Magneto breaker point. Clean,check, and adjust.Oil pan strainer. Clean.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 21-23

    After 100 hours of operationPoint of inspection Remarks

    Clutch and controls. Check and adjust.Spark plugs. Inspect and replace if necessary.Fueltanks. Drain and inspect for rust.Ignitionwiring. Clean and inspect for loose con

    nections or defective insulation.Clean contacts and replacewiring when necessary.

    SECTION VICARE AND PRESERVATION

    ParagraphRecords _____ 22 Cleaning________________________-___ _. 23Painting-_______________________________..................._____________ 24

    22. Records.-a. Use.-An accurate record must be kept of eachmotorvehicle issued by theOrdnance Department. For this purposethe Ordnance Motor Book (O. O. Form No. 7255), generally called"Log Book," is issued with each vehicle and must accompany it atalltimes. This bookfurnishes a complete record of thevehicle,'fromwhich valuable information concerning operation and maintenancecosts,etc., areobtained,andorganization commanders mustinsist thatcorrectentriesaremade. Thisbookwillhabituallybekeptin a canvascover to prevent it from becoming damaged or soiled.b. Thepagebearing arecord ofassignmentmustbe destroyed priortoenteringthecombatzone. Allotherreferences regarding theidentity

    of theorganizationmust also be destroyed.,23. Cleaning.-a. Grit,dust, andmud are the sources ofgreatest

    wear to avehicle. If deposits of dirtand gritareallowed toaccumulate, particleswill soon find their,way intobearing surfaces, causingpremature and unnecessary wear. If this condition is not remedied,serious difficulties will follow. When removing engine parts or anyotherunits inmaking repairs and replacements, or if in the course ofinspection bearing surfaces are to be exposed, all dirt and grit thatmight find its way to the exposed surfaces must first be carefullyremoved. Toolsmust beclean,andcaremustalwaysbetaken to eliminate thepossibility of brushing dirt or grit into anopening with thesleeve or otherpart of the -clothing. To cut oil-soaked dirt and gridor road oil, use solvent, dry-cleaning, applied with rags,(notwaste)orabrush. Carewillbe taken tokeep cleaning water from the powerunit,as itmightinterferewithproper ignition andcarburetion.

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    TM9-78223-27 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    b. Oil holes which have become clogged should be opened with apieceofwire. Wood slivers should never be used forthis purpose, assplinters are likely to break off and permanently block the'passages.c. Particular care, should be taken to clean and decontaminatevehicles thathave been exposed to a gas attack. See SectionVII fordetailsof these operations.24. Painting.-a. Painted portions of the tractor will be kept

    painted according to theoriginal color scheme. Detailed instructionsonpainting areincluded inTM9-850.b. Exposed metal parts thathave been previously painted will bekept in a well-painted condition; however, surfaces which were unpainted where the materiel was received should remain in thatcondition.

    SECTION VIIMATeRIEL AFFECTED BY GAS

    ParagraphProtective measures_-_ ____._------.------------ 25Cleaning--- ----- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26Decontamination -------------------- ... . ..-----__ _ . 27Special precautions for automotive materiel ------- _--------- 28

    25.,Protective measures.-When materiel is in constant dangerof gasattack, unpainted metal partswill .be lightly coated with oil.Instruments areincludedamong theitems to beprotected fromchemical clouds or chemical shells. Care will be taken that the oil doesnottouchtheopticalpartsof instrumentsor leatherorcanvas fittings.Materiel notin usewill be protected,with covers as far as possible.26. Cleaning.-All unpainted metal parts of materiel that havebeen exposed to anygas exceptmustard and lewisitemustbe cleanedas soon aspossible with solvent, dry-cleaning, or alcohol, denatured,and wiped dry. -All parts should thenbe coatedwith engine oil oroil, sperm.27. Decontamination.-For the removal of liquid chemicals(mustard, lewisite, etc.) frommat6riel, the following steps should betaken:.a.Protectivemeasures.-Forall ofthese operations acomplete suitof.impermeable clothing and a service gasmask will be worn. Immediately after removal of the suit, a'thoroughbath with soap andwater (preferably hot) mustbe taken. If any skin areas have comein contactwith mustard, ifeven avery small drop ofmustard getsintotheeye,orif thevaporofmustardhas-been inhaled, it isimperative thatcomplete first-aid measures begivenwithin20 to 30minutesafter exposure. First-aid instructions are given in TM 9-850 andFM21-40.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 27-28

    b. Procedvwre.-(1) Commence by freeingmateriel of dirt throughtheuse of sticks, rags, etc.,which mustbe burned or buried immediately after thisoperation.

    (2) If the surface of the mat6riel is coated with grease orheavyoil, thisgrease or oil should be removed before decontamination isbegun. Solvent, dry-cleaning, or other available solvents for oil.should beusedwithrags attached to endsof sticks. Following this,decontaminate themateriel with bleaching solution made bymixingone part agent, decontaminating (chloride of lime), with one partwater. Thissolution should be swabbed over all surfaces. Wash offwithwater,dryand oil all surfaces.(3) Allunpainted metalpartsand instruments exposed to mustardorlewisitemustbedecontaminated with agent, decontaminating, noncorrosive, mixed one part solid to fifteen parts solvent (acetylenetetrachloride). If this is not available, use warm water and soap.Bleaching solution must not be used, because of its corrosive action.Instrument lensesmay be cleaned only withpaper, lens, tissue, usingasmall amountofalcohol,ethyl. Coat allmetal surfaces lightlywithengine oil oroil, sperm.(4) Intheevent agent, decontaminating (chloride of lime), isnotavailable, materiel may be temporarily cleaned withlarge volumesofhotwater. However,mustard lying in jointsor in leather orcanvaswebbing is not removed by thisprocedure andwillremain a constantsource of danger until themat6riel can be properly decontaminated.Allmustardwashed frommateriel in thismanner liesunchanged ontheground,necessitating thatthecontaminated areabeplainlymarked,withwarning signsbefore abandonment.(5) Thecleaningor decontaminating ofmat6riel contaminated withlewisite will wash arsenic compounds into the soil, poisoning manywater supplies in thelocality foreithermenoranimals . .(6) Leatherorcanvaswebbingthathasbeencontaminated shouldbescrubbed thoroughlywithbleaching solution. In theeventthis treat-.ment is insufficient, itmaybe necessary toburnorbury suchmateriel.(7) Detailed information on decontamination is contained in FM21-40,TM 9-850, andTC 38 and 50,War Department, 1941.

    28. Special precautions for automotive mat6riel.-a. Whenvehicles havebeen subjected togasattackwiththeengine running,the'air cleaner should be serviced by removing the oil, flushing withsolvent, dry-cleaning, and refillingwith thepropergrade of oil.b. Instrumentpanelswill becleaned in the.samemannerasoutlinedforinstruments.c. Contaminatedseatcushionswillbe discarded.

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    TM 9-78228-29 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    d. Washing the compartments thoroughly with bleaching solutionisthemostthatcanbedone in thefield. Operators should constantlybe on the alert,when running underconditions ofhigh temperatures,forslowvaporization ofthemustard or lew.isite.e. Exteriorsurfacesofvehicles willbe decontaminated withbleaching solution. Repaintingmay benecessary after thisoperation.

    CHAPTER 2ORGANIZATION INSTRUCTIONS'

    ParagraphsSECTION I. Maintenance _.-._.. _.__-___ _. __..._ ...- 29-30

    II. Equipment'_ ___ _- _____------_ __----- 31. .....II. Engine-___ .___.___________.. 32-43IV. Gasoline supply system ------________ 44-47V. Cooling system__ ____-________..... 48-52VI:Clutch -_ ..........--. .............. 53-54VII. Power transmission system-- _ ___------ 55-58VIII.'Brakes -------------...._.____ __._______ _ 59-60-_IX. Wheels and tires---___----- ______ __.....----- 61-6465-70. Painting-_--------- ___. .. ._______.

    SECTION IMAINTENANCE

    ParagraphGeneral ______.--------_--- _____________ - 29-. ___---------------------------ngine trouble-shooting-___ .. .------- 30

    29.'General.-a. The scope of maintenance and repairs by theoperatingandmaintenance personnel of theusingarms isdeterminedby the easewithwhich the project can be accomplished, amount oftime and equipment available, and skill of the personnel. Becauseof these variables,no exact system of procedure can be prescribed orfollowed and therefore the extent of maintenance operations will bedetermined locally.b. The 'following are themaintenance duties which may be performed by the usingarmmaintenance personnel. All other replacements and repairs will be made by the ordnance maintenancepersonnel.

    EngineReplace cylinder head gasket.Replace manifold and-gasket.Tune upengine.Replace valve cover.Adjust valve tappets. 16

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 29

    Cooling systemAdjustor replace'fan belt.Replace radiator hose or pipe.Clean and flush radiator.Replace temperature gage.Replace thermostat.

    Oiling systemReplace oil filter.Replace oilgage.Clean and replace external oil lines.Clean or replace oilpan, oil strainer.

    Fuel systemClean or replace aircleaner.Replace or adjustcarburetor.Repair or replace fuel line.Clean or replace fuel tank.

    ElectricalsystemReplace magneto.Cleanor adjustmagnetobreaker points.Replace ignition wiring.Replace spark plugs.

    Transmission clutchAdjust clutch.

    Chassis or running gearReplace steering gear assembly.Replaceor adjust frontwheelbearings.Adjustbrakes.

    MiscellaneousRepair punctures or replace tires.Replace wheel rims.Maintain calcium chloride solution in tires.General cleaning ofvehicle.Lubrication of vehicle.Painting of vehicle.Replace wheels.

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    TM 9-78230 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    30. Engine trouble-shooting.-a. Failureofenginetostartafter'repeated attempts may be due to any one or a combination of thefollowing conditions:

    (1) Lack of fuel.-Examine the fueltank,shut-offvalves, strainers,andlineconnections tothecarburetor. Seethatcarburetor floatvalveis notsticking.

    (2) Improper fuel mixture.--Adjusting screw (fig. 10) opened orclosed too far. Air cleaner is clogged or dirty. Leaking intakemanifold gasket.

    (3) Water in carburetor.-Remove the drain plug from the carburetor floatchamber anddrain offwaterand gasoline.(4) Over-choking.-The engine should not be choked when it ishot. To do so will flood themotor. If the engine is flooded, crankover a few turnswith the choke and throttle fully open to draw airintothe combustion chambers. It is sometimes desirable to close thecarburetor adjustingscrew whilecranking to preventmore fuel frombeing drawn into the combustion chambers. Excessive choking mayresultin all theoilbeingwashed away from the cylinder walls, thusbreaking the cylinder oil seal. In this case itmay be necessary t6pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinders through thespark plugopenings before sufficient suction can be obtained to drawfuel into thecombustion chambers.

    (5) Cold oil.-If the proper seasonal grade of engine oil as indicated on thelubrication guide isused, nodifficulty should be encountered fromstiffness due tocold oil.

    (6) Defective ignition wiring.-Examine the ignition wiring forbreaks,wear, and loose or incorrectconnections.(7) Spark plug8.-See that sparkplugs are clean and dry. Checkthe sparkplugsforfiring andpropergap. If defective, replace.(8) Magneto.-See that the magneto is not grounded and thatbreakerpointsareclean andhave the proper gap of 0:.020 inch. Testthe spark delivered by themagneto to the spark plugs by removingone of theplugs from theengine and attaching itshigh tensionwire.Lay thesparkplugon thecylinder head and observe whenthe engineiscranked overthat a fatspark jumpsbetween thepointsof theplug.Checkeach sparkplug in thismanner.(9) Miscellaneous.-Remove the spark plugs from the cylinders.

    Turn'the engine slowly by hand and check forfluid in the cylinders.Thiswouldbe indicatedby the fluidbeing forcedoutofthesparkplugopenings.- b. Operating troubles.-(1) Loss of oil pressure.-Stop the engineimmediately and notify ordnancemaintenance personnel.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 30

    (2) Excessive oil. oonsumption.-See that the level of the engineoilincrankcase ismaintained at the fullmark as indicated on bayonetgage. If it is over the full mark, the crankcase should be draineduntil only the proper supply of oil remains in the engine sump.Check thecooling system to be sure there are no leaks or stoppagesin the cooling lines. Observe that the radiator is full. With theengine running, look into the filler opening of the radiator to seeif the water pump is functioning. This will be indicated by themovement ofwater from theengineoutlet into theradiator.

    c. Engine overheated.-(1) (a) See that the fan belt is not slipping; iffound tobeslipping, adjustasnecessary as outlined in paragraph 50., Check for sufficient water in the radiator. Refill theradiator andcheck for leakage. See thatairpassages in theradiatorare not stopped up. Check for scale or dirt in the cooling system.If necessary, drain, flush, and refill with pure water or the propergrade of antifreeze solution. For detailed instructions on this procedure, see paragraph 50.

    (b) Ignitiontimingmay betoolate. Retime the engineinaccordancewith the instructions inparagraph 35.(c) 1. Oilsupply maybe insufficient. Check levelof oil in engine

    sump to see if it is up to "full"mark on bayonet gage. Iflow, add oil of proper seasonal grade to bring level up tofullmark.

    2. Improper seasonal grade of oil may be in the sump. Byreference to the logbook, check to see if proper grade is insump. If grade isfound to bewrong,drainengine oilandrefill sumpwithoilofproper grade as indicated inlubrication guide.

    (2) Enginemay beoverloaded ormotor speedmay be too low forheavy loads. Select the proper speed or lighten the load in accordance with the capacity of the tractor.

    (3) Low engine power and uneven running may be traced to anyofthe following causes:

    (a) Rich or lean mixture.-Too rich a mixture is indicated byuneven running and continuous smoke from the exhaust. Too leanamixture is evident by uneven running, over-heating, or back-firingthrough the carburetor, especially when the load is pushing thetractor. The adjustments to be made to obtain a proper mixturearedescribed in paragraph 38d(3)..

    (b) Leaks in the induction system.-Examine the intake pipes forcracks and forleaks in,the cylinder,and crankcase connections... Examine carburetor and intake flanges for tightness. Examine the air

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    TM 9-78230-31 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    cleaner hose.and connections to carburetor air in take. Examine allgaskets in thecarburetor and body of theengine.(c) Spark plugs.-Check to see that all spark plugs are clean andof the correct ratingor size for thisengine. If sparkplugs are notin good condition, replace with new or reconditioned parts fromstock.

    (d) Valve and valve gear trouble.-Check the valve tappet clearances (0.010 inch), valve springs, washers, rocker arms, and pushrods.' Make sure the valves are not sticking.SECTION II

    EQUIPMENTParagraph

    Equipment-----------------___----___.-- ---------------- 3131. Equipment.-The following tools are provided with eachtractor:

    Can, oil, 2-gallon_--__--____-.------------------------------- 1Crank, starting------------------- 1File, fiat, bastard, 12-inch ---------------------------- -- 1Pin, crank------.--------------- ------ ---- --- 1Pliers, combination, 12-inch------------------------- ---- 1Screw driver,common, normalduty, 6-inch------------------ 1Screw driver, common, normal duty, 10-inch-... _ ........... 1Wrench -- ----- --------- 1Wrench, crescent, 10-inch--- _-_----------_--_------------ 1Wrench, socket, withhandle-------------------------------- 1Fire extinguisher-1----------------------------------------- 1

    SECTION IIIENGINE

    ParagraphGeneral----------------------------------------___------- _ --------- 32Oil pump-- - -------------------------------------------------.- .- 33Manifolds -----------------.------------------------------------------ 34Magneto------.----- __.'_--_------------------------ ------ 35Spark plugs -------------------------------------------------- 36Ignition wiring---_____-- __------------- ----------------------------- 37.Carburetor---__-- ____ _ ..--- 38________________-Air cleaner-____________-__- _.- -_____ _-- 39Governor ---- __________--_________________________________________ 40Engine lubrication requirements----_----___---____--- -------- 41Valve tappet adjustment-__.____-_____--____._______---------- 42Cylinder head_---------------------------------------------------- - 43

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 32

    32. General.-The tractor is equipped with an Allis-Chalmers,model B-15,water-cooled engine.Engine characteristics

    Overall dimension: Width_ .--------------. 165/6 inchesHeight-__----_-_-- 315/8 inchesLength-__- - 27 inches____----

    Weightwithoutcarburetoror ignition -- 360poundsNumberofcylinders--------_--------___ 4Maximum horsepower with accessories._. 22@1,800r.p.m.Maximum torque-_-_------- _ - 74 pound feet @__-__-. _1,100r.p.m.Direction ofrotation (fromthe front

    or crankend) .----------.lockwiseDirection of rotation ofmagneto------ _. ClockwiseMagneto breaker point gap __.-____-..__ 0.020 inchSpark plug type- _ __--___. .----------- 0.14-mmSparkpluggap_ .........................030 inchCompression ratio-_______________-__-- _ 4.92/1Compression pressure__ _ _,_-___- 94 poundsNumber of pistonrings percylinder___--_. 3Valve arrangement-T----------_. __-- In-head..Valve clearance -- __ __-____. 0_-__.010 inchFiringorder-- -__-_-____ 1_,--_____--.,2,4,3

    F:-:

    FIGURE 7.Engine-right side view.21

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    TM 9-78233 TRACTOR, LIGHT, VWHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    33. Oil pump.-a. Oil is supplied to the engine by a vane typepump, located at rear of engine block, and driven by the camshaft.Thispumpdraws oil fromtheengine sumpthrough a screen andpipeinto a cored passagein block,and then to pump. The pressure side ofpumpsupplies oil tothe engine through two different outlets(1) Through a pipe connection to the oil filter and rocker armassemblies,halfgoingto each point. The oil to thefilter actuates thepressure gage, is filtered, and returns to the sump through base offilter. The oil going to the rocker arm system is fed into a hollowrockerarmshaft. Fromthisshaft it is fedequally to all rocker arms.A small amount is metered by a shed on rocker arm, and allowed tolubricate the valve stems. The balance of this supply flows to thetappetadjusting screws, and follows down the push rods, lubricating'the cam followers, as-itreturns totheoil sump.(2) The balance of the oil passes to drilled passage in camshaftthrough two holes drilled in pump body. These holes are opened upfourtimes foreachrevolution of thecamshaft. Whenthepumppressure increases to 15 pounds, the oil by-pass valve, located in pumpshaft,is opened. This oil also passes into the drilledpassage of camshaft. The camshaft center drilling is opened into the camshaftbearings, supplying themwithoil, andthrough a cored passage tothe,crankshaft main bearings. Fourmetering holes are drilled into thecamshaft directly opposite each connecting rod. These are timedtocoincide with the connecting rod travel,,thus spraying oil onto theconnecting rod. Oil enters theconnecting rod through a hole drilledthrough theupperportion of rod into a groove in thebearing. Thebalance ofoil not usedbymotor passes throughgrooves on the sideofthespringloaded camshaft end thrustplunger, lubricating the timinggears,governor, andreturning tooil sump.b. If the oil filterbecomes clogged and the oil cannot pass throughit,theballofthepressurereliefvalvewillbeforced from itsseat,allowingoilto by-pass thefilter through the camshaft,andback into the oilsumpatthe frontend oftheengine.

    c. Oil pan strainer.-A screen is provided in the sump (fig. 8) towhich the intakepipe.of the oilingsystem is connected. Sludgemustnotbeallowed to collectaround thestrainer,especially in coldweather,as itwillcongeal and shutoff the oil supply. After every 25 hours ofoperationtheoilpanstrainershouldbe removedandcleanedas follows:(1) Drain theoil from the sump.(2) Remove thecap screws, holding the oilpan inplace, andliftoffthe oilpan andgasket. . . .(3) Remove oil strainerand clean with solvent,dry-cleaning.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 33-34

    CRANK HAF.

    oilpangasket ifavailable.34. XManifolds.--a. The intake and exhaustmanifold (fig. 10) is

    located on the lefthand,sideof the engine and is a one piece casting.Themanifold isfastened totheportconnectionsbyhex nutsandstudswhich pass through lugs on the manifold. The hex nuts ateach endofthemanifold aremade ofbronze tofacilitate removal. Theremainingfournutsareofsteel. An exhaustpipeor stack extendsverticallyfrom the central opening in the manifold for discharge of exhaustgases into theopenair. It isheld in place by a lockingboltandnut,and lockwasher.b. Replacement.-The motor should be allowed to cool before anattempt ismade to remove the manifold. To remove themanifold

    from the motorwhile it is hotmay cause it to warp, thus making itimpossible toprevent leakagebythemanifoldgaskets. The followingprocedure is used to remove the entire manifold and exhaust stackassembly:

    (1) Disconnect the carburetor by 'removing the two cap screwswhich pass through themanifold and carburetor flange ;'and removethecarburetor gasket.

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    TI 9-78234-35 TRACTOR, LIGHT, ~WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE.

    (2) Remove thesixhexnutsfrom themanifold studs.(3) Liftmanifold assembly from studs.(4) Remove intake andexhaust manifoldgaskets.(5) Toreplace, reverse theaboveprocedure. Installnewintake andexhaust manifoldgasketsandanew carburetor gasket.35. Magneto.-a. Description.-Themagneto is of standard de

    sign and isflange-mounted to theright sideofthe cylinderblock. Itis provided with an impulse coupling which facilitates starting byholding back themagneto rotoruntil the'engine is in firing position.At thisinstant therotor issnapped forward at a relatively highspeedproducing an intense spark, automatically retarded to prevent backfiringor kick-back ofthestartingcrank. As soon as theengine speedpicksup,the impulse feature ceases to actand serves simply as aconventional coupling.

    FIGURE 9.--Close-up of magneto..b. Breaker point inspection and adjustment.-The breaker points

    may be reached by removing thedistributor end cap. Be careful nottodamage the sealing gasketsbetween the end cap and frame of themagneto. The points will be inspected for indications of pitting orpyramiding. If necessary, the contact points will bemade smoothwitha smalltungsten file. If there are indicationsof extremepittingorpyramiding,themagnetowill bereplaced. If thedistributorpointsare determined t6 be ingood condition, theclearance will becheckedand thepointsadjusted as follows:

    (1) Turnethe engine over slowly by hand untilthebreaker pointsareseparated theirmaximum distance.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE ' 35

    (2) Inserta 0.020 inch feeler gage between the points. The feelergageshouldfitsnugly. It shouldnotfittoo looselyorbeextremelydifficult to insert or remove from between the breaker points. If thebreaker point gap is too large or too small, it should be adjusted byloosening the round head locking screw at the upper endof the stationary point bracket and then turning the eccentric head adjustingscrew until theproper gapof 0.020 inch isobtained aschecked by thefeeler gage.

    (3) Lock the assembly by tightening the round head screw andagain check thegap to be sure ithasnot changed from the0.020 settingduring tightening.(4) Before replacing the distributor cap, the sealing edgeswill be

    cleaned and a newgasket installed ifavailable. Shellac will be usedto seal the joint surfaces, the top replaced, and the holding screwsdrawn up tight.

    c. Removing magneto.--(1) Remove the sparkplugwires fromthedistributor cover.

    (2) Remove theher: nutandlockwashersfromthestudonthe lowerpart of themagneto flange and remove the cap screw and its lockwasher fromthehole in theupperpartoftheflange.(3) Draw themagneto straight backuntil the coupling is disengaged fromthedrivingmember.

    d. Replacing magneto.-To replace magneto, proceed as follows:(1) Type FMK.(a) Turn themagneto drive shaft in the direction opposite to the

    indicated rotation until thewhitemark on the distributor disk coincideswiththecenterlineoftheendcapwindow.(b) Turn theengineover byhand until the firingmark on the flywheel is in the centerof the hole in the left-hand side of the flywheelhousing.

    (c) Reinstall themagneto on the enginemounting bymeans of thecap screw and retaining nut; be sure to replace the gasket and lockwashersintheirproperplaces.

    (d) Themagneto shouldbe pivotedaboutthescrewin thetopflangeopening until thewhite mark of the distributor disk is in line withthecenterofthewindow intheendcover.

    (e) Tighten the cap screw and lock nut to secure themagneto incorrectly timedposition.

    (2) If the tractor is provided with a type FMJmagneto, the followingprocedure shouldbe followed for replacement:

    (.a) First, set the magneto for actual spark discharge to No. 1terminal. This is accomplished by replacing the ignition cable of

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    TM 9-78235 ' RACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    No. 1 socket with a short, stiff wire, bent to within 1/8 inch of themagneto frame. Then turn themagneto rotor in itsnormal directionof rotationuntil a spark is observedbetween thewire and the frame.The impulsecoupling should be held inthe position atwhich the tripoccurred.(b) Remove thespark plug,or otherwise determine topdead center

    for the position of No. 1 cylinder. Turn the engine over until thisposition is obtained (be certain that it is on the compression stroke).

    MANIFOLDASSEMBLY

    A

    ,]=L _ _ _------IDLE ADJUSTIP

    I lr 0 -C ARBURETORI | , 5 7 A AIR NTAKEi IIIA DRAINPLUG RA PD 5648

    FIGURE O.--Carburetor and manifold.

    (c) Without disturbing ,the setting of either the magneto or theengine, themagneto is coupled to the engine by engaging the drivelugsof the impulsecouplingwiththedriving slots of the enginedrivemember. A slight movement of the flywheel may be necessary tosecureaccurate alinement.

    (d) Tighten the cap screw andretaining nutto secure themagnetointhecorrectly timedposition. Besure to replacethegasketandtheirwashers in their proper places.

    e. Lubrication.-The magneto ispermanently oiled at the time ofmanufacture andshouldnotbe lubricated inthe field.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 36

    I - ' w- ITAK STACK.~:;,

    AR JRE C . LLM'

    OI. CW.RE .

    11 . ,'.'---,Ra PD 5649FiGURE 1.-Air cleaner-sectional view.

    36. Spark plugs.-a. The sparkplugs issued foruseon thisengineare of the regularautomotive type,14-mm size.27

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    TM 9-78236-38 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPEb.At the time of the 100-hour inspection orwhenever spark plugreplacement is foundnecessary, unserviceable plugswillbereplaced byserviceableplugs.c. To removespark plugs.--(1) Disconnect themagneto cable fromeachplug.(2) Usinga sparkplugwrench provided, unscrew the sparkplugsand remove themtogetherwith theirgaskets.(3) When replacingwith serviceable plugs, be sure to install newgaskets under the sparkplugsand tightenthem sufficiently topreventgas leakage around the plugs.(4),Do notuse a wrench with a handle more than 10 inches long.It is possible todistortcertain sections of theplug if too much forceis used to tighten the spark plugs in the engine cylinders.37. Ignition wiring.-Atthetimeof the100-hour inspection, themagneto cables should be inspected fordefective insulation, loose contacts, and dirt. If dirty, they should be cleaned with solvent, dry-cleaning. If otherwise defective, they should be replaced with newcable.38. Carburetor.-a. Description.-The carburetor is of the updraft type and'is attached directly to the lower part of the intakemanifold by means of mating flanges and two cap screws with associated lockwashers (fig. 10).b. Maintenance.-After the carburetor is properly installed, little

    attention is needed between major engine overhauls. A small plugis provided asa drainin thebottom of thecarburetor float chamber.The gasoline supply should be.shut off by the valve at the gasolinetank and the drain plug removed at frequent intervals to allow accumulated dirt to be discharged from the system. The entire carburetor shouldbe inspected to insure that allparts aretight, andthattherearenocracks orotherdefects inthebody.c. Replacement.-When it becomes necessary to remove or replaceacarburetor, theprocedure below shouldbe followed:(1) 'Shut offthe valve in themain fuel linebeneath the fuel tank.

    (2) Disconnect thefuelline fromthecarburetor.(3) Drain the carburetor by removing the drain 'plug. Reinstall the plugafter draining.(4) Disconnect the throttle linkage.(5) Disconnect the air cleaner connections at the carburetor intake.(6) Remove the two cap screws used to secure the carburetor to themanifold flange'and remove carburetor.

    (7) Remove carburetor gasket.28

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    TX 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 38

    (8) To replace carburetor, reverse thesteps outlined above, installinganew carburetor gasket beforemounting the carburetor tomanifoldflange.

    d. Adjustmrent.-After a new carburetor is installed it will beadjusted tothe engine. Two adjustments are provided, one for controlling the idling speed of theengine andone forquality of mixtureat idling speed.

    JAM NUTADJUSTING SCREW

    ROCKERARM

    VALVE STEM

    FIGURE 12.-Valve tappet adjustment.(1) Pull the hand throttle control lever all theway back to the"Off"position.(2) With the engine idling, adjust needle valve located on front

    top of the carburetor (fig. 10) for correct fuel mixture. Back offtheneedleuntiltheengine beginstorununevenly, thenturntheneedleinwardly (clockwise) slowly until the engine runs smoothly. Turningtheneedle inwardly provides for a richermixture to be deliveredtotheengine.

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    T1 9-78238-39 TRACTOR, LIGHIT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    (3) Thenormal needle setting isapproximately 11/2 turns outfromthe seat. After themixture'has beenproperly set, regulatethe idlingspeed.of the engine by adjusting the set screw on the throttle valvearm located on the inner side of the carburetor to obtain the lowestidling speed consistent with reliable operation of the engine. Aftermaking this adjustment, recheck the setting of idle needle valveadjustment.39. Air cleaner.-a. Description.-An air cleaner of the oil bathtype (fig. 11) ismounted on the left-hand sideof the tractor and ishose connected tothecarburetor air intakeopening.b. Mainte'nance.-Instructionsfor the care of the air cleaner aregiven on the aircleaner body. At the end of every day's operation,the air cleaner should be serviced in the followingmanner:(1) Remove the oilcup fromthe cleanerbody.(2) Empty oil and dirt from the cup and clean thoroughly.(3) Refill the oil cup to the,level Of the bead stamped on its side,with the proper oil as specified in the lubrication guide, ,section IV.Care should be taken not to overfill the cup above the level of thebead.(4) Replace cup. Be sure the cup assembly isproperly fastened.(5) Inspect hose connections to carburetor to see that they are tight and that thehose is in good condition. If defective, it shouldbe replaced.

    X 9 1 i ROCKER ARMSROCKER SH AFT

    VALVE SPRIN

    RA PD 5651

    FICURE 13.-Cylinder head assembly.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 39-40

    FIGURE 14.-Cylinder head-underside.c. Filter element.-Once every season the filter element will bewashedwithcleaning fluid orgasoline anddried byblowing out with

    compressed air in reverse direction to that ofnormal air travel.d. Replacement of air cleaner.-In the event itbecomes necessary toremove andreplace the aircleaner, proceed as follows:(1)Loosen thehoseclamp near the aircleaner endof the carburetorhose connection.(2) Remove the two hex head cap screws which secure the air

    cleanerto theengine block. above procedure, beingsure to replace the lockwashers beneath theheads of the cap screws.

    (3) Toreplace, proceed inse reverse offthe thee. Breathercap.-The breather cap should be serviced daily asoutlined inparagraph 15.40. Governor.-The governor unitis located in frontofthemagneto support bracket. It functions to regulate and limit the speedof

    th e in accordance with the throttle settings. Thisprovides a,constant engine speed and prevents dangerous overspeeding. Thegovernormustnotbe tamperedwith inthe field.

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    TM 9-78241-43 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    41. Engine lubrication requirements.-For description of the'engine lubricating system and theproperlubricants to be used therewith, refer toparagraph 13.42. Valve tappet adjustment.-The valve clearance is adjustedwith the engine at normal operating temperature. The followingprocedure is prescribed (fig. 12):a. Remove the cylinder head cover (fig. 7) by removing the twohex nuts and their associated washers which hold it in place andlift off.b. Turn the engine overwith thehand crankuntil the valve to be

    checked is fully closed and its push rod is in its lowest position.c. Check clearance between the rocker arm and valve stem with a0.010-inch feeler'gage.d. If the clearance istoo largeortoo smallloosen the valve adjustingscrew lock nut and then turn the screw until there is a 0.010-inchclearance between the rocker armand valve stem asmeasured with afeeler gage.e. Tighten the lock nut and again check the clearance to be sure

    that it has notchanged from 0.010 inch by the tightening operation.f. Check andadjust the clearance ofeach valve as in b to e.g.Replace the cylinder head cover andthe nuts and washers usedtohold it inplace.43. Cylinder head.-a. The cylinder head (figs. 13 and 14) is ofthevalve-in-head typewith removable valve guides.b. Replacement.-To replace the cylinder head with the valvesassembled, proceed as follows:(1) Take off the hood.(2) Drain the cooling system by.opening the drain on the bottom

    manifold of the radiator and the drain cock on the left hand side oftheblock.(3) Remove fuelline connections and carburetor control rod.(4) Remove sparkplugwires and sparkplugs.(5) Remove cylinder head cover.

    (6) Remove rockerarm assembly byunscrewing the hexnutsfromthe rocker arm support studs, and removing thenuts and washers.(7) Disconnect watermanifold and oil line.(8) Remove all cylinder headcap screws.(9) Lift off the cylinderhead and valve assembly, and remove theold gasket.(10) Before reinstalling thehead, clean thebottom of the head andthetop of theblock.

    (11) Installa new head gasket on thetop of the cylinder block.32

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 43-44

    (12) Replace thecylinderhead and cylinder head cap screws. Thecylinder headcap screws should betightened to insure even pressureover theentiresurface ofthecylinder head. Thismaybebestaccomplishedbydrawingupall thecapscrewshandtightandthentighteningthemwith awrench, startingwith thecenter cap screws andworkingtowardtheends. Each capscrew shouldbe tightened asmall amountat a time, and each of them should be gone over three or four timesbefore they are tight.(13) Reverse the olderof disassembly of parts to complete the replacement ofcylinderhead parts.

    (14) After themotorhasbeen started and warmed up, the cylinderhead capscrews should be again tightened.(15) After the cylinderhead hasbeen replaced the valve clearancesshould be checked and adjusted asdescribed inparagraph 42.FUELTANKCAP

    TO REMOVE FUEL TANKBO LOST C D\REMD E sroI AT END o.

    DRE MOVEL LINEAT UEL E RT RA PD 5653REMOVA CAPSCAES.NEON EACHSID ATrREAD TANS.

    FIGURE 15.-Removal of fuel tank.

    SECTION IVGASOLINE SUPPLY SYSTEM Paragraph

    Description__________-.-- . ._____ - - - - - 44Fuel strainer------ __---------.---------------------------------------- 45Fuel lines---------------------------------------------- 46Grades of engine gasoline--------_------- ----------------------------- 4744. Description.-a. Tank.-A fuel tankhaving a capacity of12gallonsismounted at the rearof theengine hooddirectly in front of

    theoperator. A'shut-offvalve is located at thebottom of the tank onthe left hand side.

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    TM 9-78244-45 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    FIGURB 16.-Fuel strainer.

    b.Drain.-Thereare nodrainplugs provided forthefuel tank. Inorderto drainthe tank itwillbe necessary todisconnect the fuellineandopen the shut-off valve.c. Replacement.-Fuel tankswillbe replacedwhen excessive rust ispresent or when leaks develop. To remove the fuel tanks, proceedas follows (see fig. 15):(1) Remove stoveboltsatfrontendofhood.(2) Remove hood strap at rear of hood.(3) Remove fuel line at fuel filter and drain tank.(4) Remove twocap screws,oneoneach sideat the rearof thetank.(5) To replace, proceed in the reverse order of removal.45. Fuel strainer.-a. Description.-A fuelfilter (fig. 16) is located at thebottom of the fuel tank connected between the fuel tankand the carburetor. The fuel filter should be inspected daily andcleaned when necessary.

    b.MainteaBwnce.-Toservice the fuel filter,proceed as follows:(1) Shutoffthevalveinfuel lineat thetank.(2) Remove theglass bowl and filter screen.(3) Wash out with gasoline any sediment orwater thatmay'haveaccumulated.. , . . . .(4) Replace theglassbowlandscreen, andmakesurethatthegasketforthebowl of thefilter is in good condition andin itsproper place.

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    ---------------- -

    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 45-48

    (5) Turn valve in fuel line to"On" position before attempting tostart engine.46. Fuel lines.-Fuel flows from thefueltankbygravitythrough

    the fuel tanks shut-off valve, fuel filter, and then to the carburetor.The connecting line should be inspected for tightness at the end connectionsand fordents inthe line,whichwould block it, andfor leaks.If the lineis found tobe in a leaky condition or blocked by dents, itshould be replaced. Accumulation of sediment in the line may alsoblock the line; thismay be corrected bydrawing a small wire throughthe line to clean the passage and then washing out with gasoline.After ithasbeen determined that the line isclear, itshould beblowndry.

    47. Grades of engine gasoline.--Gasoline, all purpose, havinganoctane ratingof80,ispreferred andshouldbe used. Inemergency,commercial gasoline with an octane rating of not less than 70maybe u'sed.SECTION V

    COOLING SYSTEM ParagraphDescription___-._____._____________________________-_________ . 48Operating and .. ..--.. .. '____________ervicing .---. ..... 49Fanbelt tension-------------------- _____-------------- 50 Replacement of heat indicating gage-___-----__----------------------.-__ 51To replace thermostat__-__--___------------------_____ _______________ 52

    48. Description.-a. Radiator.-The water cooling system (fig.17) incorporates a tubular type one-piece radiator,a radiator fan, anda centrifugal waterpump. The capacity of the cooling system is twogallons. Thesystem maybe drainedbyopening thedrain cockat thebottomofthewatermanifoldon theleft-hand sideoftheradiatorandthedraincock on theleft-hand side ofthe engineblock in frontof thecarburetor.b. Fan.-The air-flow through the radiator core ismaintained bymovement of the vehicle and a four-bladed fan. The fan ismountedon the water pump shaft and is driven by a V-belt from the pulleymountedon the forwardpartof the enginecrankshaft.c. Thermostat.-A thermostat (fig. 19) ismounted in a housing onthe forwardpartoftheengineblock. It functions to allow theenginetowarmup quickly by limitingthe amount of water circulation untilthewater intheengineisheated to a temperature sufficienttoopen thethermostat. d. Temperature gage.-A watertemperature gage ismounted on thethermostathousingandprotrudes through thehood forvisibilityofthe

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    TM 9-78248-49 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    operator. The desired operating range of the temperature gage ismarked black and thegage iscalibrated in degrees Fahrenheit.49. Operation and servicing.-a. The operatormust always be

    sure thatthere is a sufficient supply ofwater orcooling liquid in thesystem. Should the engine run low on water and overheat, it mustbe stopped andallowed to cool before refillingwithcleanwater. Thehoseconnections andpipesshouldbeexamined frequently andreplacediftheyshow signsofdisintegration inordertopreventleaksor obstructionof the system. If the vehicle is to standexposed to freezing temperature without sufficient antifreeze protection, the system should bethoroughly drained (twodrain cocks) to preventextensive damage totheengine. It isadvisableto runthe engine forabout 1/2 minute afterdraining is complete to eliminate water in pockets and to clear thepump.b. Cold weather precautions.-(1) If the temperature atwhich thetractor isto beused isexpected tofallbelow 320 F.,the system shouldbe filled with an antifreeze solution. Use either approved alcohol,ethylene glycol, or the equivalent.

    (2) Thecoolingsystem shouldbethoroughlycleaned andanydefective hose connection or pipe replaced. The entire system should bechecked for tightness before any antifreeze solution is added. Thechartbelowgives theapproximatequantityofantifreezenecessary fordifferent expected temperature conditions, butitis advisable tocheckthe protection of any given antifreeze solution with an antifreezehydrometer. To thequantityofantifreeze indicated inthechart addsufficientwater tomake twogallonsofsolution.

    Antifreeze chart

    Freezingpoint Ethylene glycol Radiatorglycerin Denatured alcohol(pints) (pints) (pints)

    + 10 F------------ --. 4 8 500 F----------------------. 5 11 6- 10 F . 6 12 7- 20

    F- 7 14 8--30 F-__. .----------- 8 16 10

    -- 40 F-. . 9 11................----------- 50 -. ----------- 9 12-- 60 F-------------------- 10 -------------- 13--70 F -------------------. 10 ...........................

    (3) To prevent excessive cooling of the engine andpoor operationin coldweather, the radiator shutters shouldbe keptpartly closed or36

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 49

    ' r-F ILULErAP

    -EII. AND tI XLL

    TUiULAR RADIATOR

    HOSE CLAMPS

    ,, OT O :

    RA PD:S655

    FtGURE 17.-Radiator-sectional view.

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    TM 9-78249 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    so adjusted that the temperature of the liquid in the coolingsystemwillbemaintained in thenormal range indicated on the temperaturegage.c. To clean thesysten.-The cooling system should be given a systematic servicing about twice a year (spring and fall). It is par

    ticularly desirable to service the cooling system before the introduction ofantifreeze into the system and after its removal. The servicingof the cooling system includes dissolving of the dirt, rust, scale,and grease in the system, and flushing. The following procedure isprescribed.(1) Drain thesystem andrefillwith a solutionof 1/2 poundofwashingsoda,or1pound ofsalsoda,in 2gallonsofwater.(2) Run the enginewith the shutters closed until the solution inthe cooling system boilsthoroughly (about 1/2 hour).

    (3) Drain the liquid from the system by disconnecting the lowerhose connection, care being taken notto scald the hands. The draincocks should not be used for this purpose because their openings aretoo small and would probably become plugged with rust, scale, orsediment.(4) Disconnect theupper hoseand thermostat and flush the system.(5) Thesystem is flushedwith cleanwaterinthe directionoppositethatofnormal flow. The radiator isflushed in the upward directionandtheblock,after ithasbeen allowed to cool, is flushed in thedownward direction.(6) After thesystem hasbeen flushed putthe thermostat ina container ofhot water and check that it opens. The water should be

    heated to 135 F.or almost to boiling before the thermostat opens.Remove the thermostat from thehotwater and immerse it in coldwater tocheck thatitcloses.(7) If the thermostat does not function properly, it should be replaced.(8) Before reconnecting sections examine thehose, pipes, and theirclamps carefully for serviceability. Replace if swollen, cracked, orotherwise defective.(9) Do notuse shellac for the hose connections. By meansof thehose clamps, draw the hose up tight enough to prevent leaking.d. Thawing.--(1) If thewater in the cooling system of a vehiclefreezes solid thevehicle mustbe towed toa warm place where itwillbe allowed to thaw out. Under no circumstances should the enginebe runwhen thewater-in the systemiscompletely frozen.(2) If only mush ice is present, itmay be thawed by closing theradiator shutters and running the engine slowly. After the radiatoris steaming, stop the engine and cover radiator and hood. When

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 49-50

    VM L--t a y FANX

    IRELAD 5656

    FIGUgE18.-Water pump showing fan belt tension adjustment on pump pulley-sectional view.the steaming stops, start the engine again and let it run at idlingspeed, keeping thewater below the boiling or steaming point untilproper circulation is reestablished. However, if possible it is saferto place the vehicle in a warm place to allow the mush ice to thaw.50. Fan belt tension.-a. The fanbelt tension should be so adjusted as to allow notmore than 1/4 inch of deflection ateither sideof thebeltstretch.b. To tighten the fanbelt, proceed as follows:(1) Loosen the two'nuts on the fan pulley (fig. 18).(2) Grasp the pulley flange from the rear and turn it c6minterclockwise; when desired tension is obtained, tighten the nuts on thepulleyfan. 39

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    TM 9-782.50-52 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE(3) Do not tighten the fan belt more than the amount necessaryto preventslippage.(4) If the fanbelt cannot be tightened sufficiently to prevent slip

    page, or if it isworn or frayed, replace itwith a new belt.51. Replacement of heat indicating gage.-Replacement ofgage will be necessary if gage becomes damaged or gives incorrectreading. To replace: remove tractor engine hood, remove gage byloosening nutunder head of gage. When replacing, line up dial soreadingmaybeobtained fromoperator's seat. Donotattempt to lineup dialwhenretainingnutis tightor partlytightas thiswilldamagegage.52. To replace thermostat.-a.General.-The thermostat isheldin place in the thermostat housing by a spring and adapter plate.A gasket located between the thermostat and the housing prevents water leakage between these parts.

    b. To remove thermostat rom engine.--(1) Remove the radiatorhose.(2) Remove thecap screws from the topof the thermostathousing(fig. 19).CAP SCREWTHERMOSTATTHERMOSTATHOUSING

    THERMOSTATSPRING

    ADAPTER PLATECAP SCREW

    WATEF OUTLETRAPD 5690

    FIGUReD 19.-Thermostat.40

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 52-54

    (3) Remove the adapter plate from the bottom of the thermostathousingby removing the twocap screwsand lockwashers. Thethermostatgasket andthespringcannowberemoved fromthehousing.(4) To replace, proceed in the reverse order of the above disas

    sembly.SECTION VICLUTCH

    ParagraphClutch ------------------- 53Lubrication ___ ________ _____ _____ ______________________ 4

    53. Clutch.-a. General.-A single plate, dry disk clutch ismounted in the forward portion of the torque tube housing. Theclutch is of the spring loaded type. It may be adjusted to providefor some freemovement of the clutch pedal before the clutchbeginstodisengage (fig.20).

    b. Adjustment.-The only adjustment on the clutch is to obtain1/4 inch clearance between the release levers and throw-out bearings.This clearance diminishes as the clutch facings wear. Each releaseleverhasan adjusting screwwhichcan be turned to obtain the necessaryclearance. Toadjust theclearance, proceed as follows:

    (1) Remove the plate from the bottom of the clutch housing.(2) Turn engine overwith hand crank until one of the three ad

    justing screwsis accessible fromthe opening.(3) Loosen the locking nut and turn the adjusting screw until

    the distance between the throw-out bearing shoulder and the endofthe release lever is approximately 1/4 inch.

    (4) Tighten theclamp nut.(5) Proceed tomake the same adjustment on the two remainingadjusting screws. The clearance should be the same for all threelevers.

    (6) Replace theclutchhousingcover plate.54. Lubrication.-The clutchrelease bearingshould belubricated

    with chassis grease asindicated on thelubrication guide. It maybereached by removing the cover plate in the bottom of the clutchhousingandlockingclutchpedalin forwardposition.

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    TM 9-78254 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    RELEAS, d";2

    RA PDo 657

    FrIuuE 20.Clutch adjustment.

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    TX 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 55-57

    FIGuRE 21.-Transmission and differential-phantom view.SECTION VII

    POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMParagraph

    General --------------____- ______----- ______------------------ 55Drive shaft___________.--_------ _____ __ -__ 56Transmission and differential------- _------------------------------ 57Final drive--____________--_--___---------. 58

    55. General.-The power transmission system comprisesthedriveshaft, transmission, differential, and final drive mechanisms.

    56. Drive shaft.-a. Description.-Thedrive shaft connects theclutch and transmission for transfer of power. Auniversal joint isprovided just ahead of the transmission to allow fordisplacement ofthe transmission case relative to the drive shaft. The entire assemblyis inclosed in a torque tube throughwhich the engine power is transmitted to thevehicle. The torque tube also forms a housing fortheclutch andclutch shaft.

    b. Maintenance.-Nomaintenance operations forthe driveshaftareauthorized theusingarmsmaintenance personnel.

    57. Transmission and differential.-a. Description.-Thetransmission and differential areboth installed in the same case, as shownin figure 21. The transmission provides three forward speeds and

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    TM 9-78257-58 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    one reverse speed for the tractor. A plug, located at the bottom ofthe transmission case, can be removed to drain the lubricant fromthe casewhen necessary.b. Lubrication.-The level ofthe lubricant in the transmission differential gear case shouldbe checked after every 250operating hours,andlubricantoftheproperseasonal gradeadded ifnecessary. Forinformation ontheproper grade ofgearoil andsupplementary lubrica

    tioninstructions, refer tosection IV.c. .Maintenance.-Only themaintenance operation described aboveis authorized.

    RAPD 5659c

    FIauRE 22.-Final drive case.58. Final drive.-a. Description.-A housing for the final drivegears (figs. 22 and 23) is attached to each side of the transmissioncase by four studs and nuts. Apinion shaftconnects the final drivereduction gearing with the differential and transmission. Keyed to each pinion shaft is a brake drum through which, the hand brakeacts to stopthe rearwheels. At the outerend ofeach pinion shaft ismounted a small final drive gear which meshes with a large final

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 58

    drive gearmountedon.the stubaxle for transmission ofpower to thewheels.b.Lubrication.-(1) Thefinal drivegearsandbearings are alllubri

    cated by oil contained in an oil pan bolted to the bottom of eachfinaldrive housing.(2) The level of the lubricant in the final drive oil pan should be

    checked after every 60 operating hours and, if necessary, lubricantof theproper seasonal grade added. For information on the propergrade of gear oil and supplementary lubrication instructions, seesection IV.

    c.Maintenance.-Only themaintenance operationdescribed above isauthorized.

    BEAR0NG CONEa

    DRIVE GEAR

    PINION SHAFTCONE ECTING WilTTRA^MISSON

    ~~~i . Be _a?~~~~~ FINALARGEB SEARINGA DRIVE GJAR .,

    FIGURE 23.-Final drive gears-phantom view.

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    TM 9-78259-60 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    SECTION VIIIBRAKES

    ParagraphGeneral ----------- .--- __--------_---------------------------__--__ 59Brake adjustment-----------.------------------------- - 6059. General.-Separate brakes of the inclosed contracting typeare provided for each of the rear wheels. Separate brake operatinghandles are providedwhichpermit the selective application of brakestoeither or both of the rearwheels. The handbrakes may be usedasan aid in turning by applying thebrake on the side toward which

    theturnis tobe madewhileengine power is being transmittedto therear wheels. As the frontwheels are turned, the tractor will pivotabout the rearwheel on which thebrake is being applied andmakesharper turns possible.

    60. Brake adjustment.-a.Adjustment (fig.24) istheonlymaintenance operation authorized to beperformed on the brakes.b. To adjust(1) Remove the cover from the topof thebrake housing.(2) Tighten the adjusting nut until the brake latch can only beengaged in the topnotch of lever.

    BRAKE LEVERBRAKE BAND ADJUSTING NUT

    BRAKE BAND.RETURN SPRING

    BRAKE BAND,,, ~BRAKE DRUM

    RA PD 5661FIGURE 24.-Brake adjustment.

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 61-62

    SECrION IXWHEELS AND TIRES

    ParagraphFront wheels--------------------------------------------------------- 61Frontwheel bearings------------- __ ---- 62___ ____------ _-------------Rear wheels----------------------- _.....---.... 63Hydromatic rear tires _ _----------------------------- 64

    61. Front wheels.-a. General.-The front wheels (fig. 25) areof the pressed steel type with drop center rim riveted to the wheelbody. Eachwheel is secured to a frontwheel hub by five hub bolts.Front tires are 5.00 by 15 inch size, ribbed industrial type. Properinflation pressure is28 p. s. i.

    b. To change front tires.- 1) Jack up the frontwheel.(2) Take off the wheel by removing the five hub bolts with the

    wrench provided.(3) Laywheelandtireflatontheground and removethevalve core

    to deflatethe tire.(4) Break tire beads loose from the rim.(5)' Using the tire toolprovided, pry thebead over the edgeoftherim.(6) Push the valve stem inside of the rim and proceed until tire

    and tube are removed from thewheel.c. To replace. Reverse the above outlined procedure after first

    replacing thevalvecore and inflating the tube sufficiently tomaintain-itsshapewithinthetire.62. Front wheel bearings.-Each front wheel isprovided with

    apairof taperrollerbearings toreduce friction andmaintain reliableoperation. Hubcaps areprovided on thewheelhubs tokeep outdirtand prevent prematurewear from this cause.

    a. Lubrication.-Frontwheel bearings are to be replenished withchassisgreaseof theproperseasonalgrade, as shownin the lubricationguide in section IV,after each day's operation.

    b. To adjust front wheel bearings.-(1) Jack up the front wheel.(2) Remove hub cap.(3) Removecotterpin from frontwheel spindle.(4) Tighten theslotted hexnutuntilthewheel binds slightlywhen

    rotated byhand. Thenbackoff thenutuntil thenearest slot isalinedwith thecotterpinhole.(5) Install a newcotter pinof thesame sizeandreplace thehubcap.

    c. Disassembly and assembly.-When replacement of front wheelbearingsisnecessary duetowear,ordefective parts,proceed as follows:

    (1) Jack up thefrontwheel.(2) Removehubcap. 47

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    TM 9-78262-63 TRACTOR, LIGHT; WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    '~~~~~I'df6'S 0 I:

    FlIURE 25.-Front and rear wheels.

    (3) Removecotterpin from frontwheelspindle.(4) Examine air seal and replace ifnecessary.(5) Unscrew,the slottedhexnutfrom thefrontwheel spindle.(6) Pullconebearing andremove wheel fromspindle.(7) Pull inner bearing.(8) To assemble, reverse thesteps of theprocedure outlined above.(9) Adjust the frontwheel bearing as described in paragraph 62b.63. Rear wheels.-a. The rearwheels, of cast iron construction,

    aresupported anddriven by a splined axle connected to thefinaldrivegears. An 8.00by24inch tire ismounted onaone-piece rimwhichinturn ismounted on the wheel by two stationary rim clamps and twoadjustable rimclampsheld inplacebyeccentric bolts. Thestationaryrimclampsare installed 900 apart When replacingwheel makecertain the eccentric rim bolts are turned out to the tightest positionobtainable, locking in this positionwith lugbolt nut. Thisprocedurelocks rim firmly towheel.

    b. To change rear tires.-To changerear tires,proceed as follows:(1) Remove the liquid from the tires as in paragraph 64c.(2) Jack up the rearwheel.(3) Remove the rim clampsby taking off theeight wheel nutsandtheir lockwasherswith thewrench provided.(4) Removetireand rimfrom thewheel.(5) -Dismount and replace tire from rim as described in para

    graph 61.48

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    TM 9-782TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 64

    64. Hydromatic rear tires.-a. Description.-To obtain maximum traction and stability for the tractor, the rear tires are of thehydromatic type,thatis,partly filledwithliquid (fig.26). Theliquidaddsweightto the tractorneartheground, lowering thecenter ofgravity, and tends to eliminate bouncing to a great extent. To preventfreezing, the liquid used in the tires is a solution of calcium chlorideand water. The solution prescribed below will in no way harm thecasing, tube, orvalve, and will not freeze at temperatures as low as-400 F.

    VALVE IN TOP POSITION

    LIQUID LINE WHEN TRACTORIS STANDING STILL

    RA PD 5663

    FIGURE 26.-Hydromatic rear tire.

    b.Charging.-(1) Foreach tiremakeup a solution as follows: Dissolve 43 pounds of calcium chloride in 12 gallons of water. The calcium chloride should bepouredinto thecontainer ofwater ratherthanwater poured over thecalcium chloride to prevent formationoflargelumps, and to facilitate making the solution. Cold water may beused since thecrystalswill readily dissolve in it.(2) Jack up one rearwheel until the tire is clear of the ground,usingblocksin addition to the jackasasafetyprecaution.(3) Rotate the wheel until the valve stem of the tire is at the top.(4) Install a conical cap on the valve stem or take other precautions to prevent the stem from slipping inside the wheel rim.

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    TX 9-78264' TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    (5) Remove the valvecore or, ifoftwo-piece construction, thecoreandhousing, to release the air.(6) Connect thedischarge hose from theforce pump (fig.2). to the

    valvestem andpump the calcium chloride solution into the tire.

    .RAPD 5664

    FiGURE 27.-Pump for fillinghydromatic tires.

    , (7) After about one-hilf of the required' amount of solution hasbeen pumped into the tire and after.the pressure in the pump isspent, press theair release on the hoseconnection torelease air whichhasbeencompressed by theliquid forced intothe tire.(8) Continue pumping until the required amount of liquid hasbeenputintothetire.(9) Disconnect thepump hose fromthevalve stem.(10) Reinstall valve core (or valve core and housing).

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    TX 9-782TRACTOR; LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE 64

    (11) Inflate thetirewith compressed airto a pressure of 30p. s. i.to seat thebeads.(12) After the beads are seated,' reduce the tire pressure to about17p. s. i.(13) Remove the jack and blocks.and repeat the above steps withtheotherrear tire.

    .4 '

    FIGURE 28.-Filling hydromatic tires.(14) Afterthe tractor hasbeen driven foraboutan hour, check thetire pressure again and make a final adjustment of pressure to 12

    p.s. i.NOTE.-When measuring tire pressure, be sure the valve stein is at the top

    of thewheel to avoid loss of liquid.51

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    TM 9-78264 TRACTOR, LIGHT, WHEELED INDUSTRIAL TYPE

    c. Draining.-Two procedures may be followed in draining thehydromatic rear tires. When a supply.of calcium chloride crystalsandwater isathand,it is preferable todiscard theold solution whenremoved. However, if suchsupply isnotreadily obtainable, the solutionmay be removed from thetires and saved forrefilling them.(1) The following procedure will be followed when it is desiredto discard'theoldsolution:(a) Stop thetractor so the valve stem of the rearwheel is at thelowestpointof:itstravel.(b) .Remove the valve core (or valve core andhousing), and allowtheweightof the tractortoforce theliquid out.(c) Allbutaboutone-fourthof the solutionwilldrainoutofthetire.Thisresidual amount will not preventsatisfactory handling in changingthetire.(2) If the solution is to be saved for refilling, proceed as follows:(a) Stop the tractorwith the valve stem at the top of the wheel(at itshighest pointabove the ground) and remove the core (or coreandhousing).

    (b) Disconnect