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Pertemuan 6Transaksi Dokumen dan pembayaran Elektronik

Matakuliah : H0292 / E-Business

Tahun : 2005

Versi : v0 / Revisi 1

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Learning Outcomes

Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa

akan mampu :

• Menjelaskan cara kerja sistem transaksi pengiriman dokumen dan pembayaran elektronik

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Outline Materi

• Teknologi EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)

• Teknologi Pembayaran elektronik– Electronic / digital cash– Electronic checks– Online credit card based systems– Instrumen financial lain

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Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

Computer-to-computer exchange of business information has become an increasingly popular form of electronic commerce.

EDI enables firms to exchange business information faster, more cheaply, and more accurately than using paper-based systems.

EDI used in manufacturing, shipping, warehousing, utilities, pharmaceuticals, construction, petroleum, metals, banking, government, health care, etc.

EDI consists of standardized electronic-message formats (transaction sets) for business documents such as requests for quotations, purchase orders, purchase change orders, bill of lading, receiving advices, and invoices.To move to EDI, a company must have computerized accounting records and establish trading partners who agree to exchange EDI transactions.Benefits of EDI: improved in overall record keeping quality, reduced inventory, better information for mgt decision making.

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Document Flow without EDIPurchase requestinitiated in theorganization

Purchasedepartment

Inventory andwarehousing

Financedepartment

Paper-basedmailroom

Receivingdepartment

Paper-basedmailroom

Shippingdepartment

Manufacturingdepartment

Sales department

Financedepartment

Payment

Productdelivery

Orderdelivery

Bill

Orderconfir-mation

Buyer Seller

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Document Flow with EDI

Automated-order onfirmation

Purchase-orderdelivery

Purchase requestinitiated in theorganization

Purchasedepartment

Inventory andwarehousing

Financedepartment

EDI-capablecomputer

Receivingdepartment

EDI-capablecomputer

Shippingdepartment

Manufacturingdepartment

Sales department

Financedepartment

Productdelivery

Payment details

Billingdetails

Buyer Seller

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Electronic Credit Card Systemon the Internet

• The Players

– Cardholder

– Merchant (seller)

– Issuer (your bank)

– Acquirer (merchant’s financial institution, acquires the sales slips)

– Brand (VISA, Master Card)

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Cardholder Merchantcredit card

Card Brand Company

Payment authorization, payment data

Issuer Bank

CardholderAccount

Acquirer Bank

MerchantAccount

account debit data payment data

Credit Card Procedure (offline and online)8

payment data

amount transfer

© Prentice Hall, 2000

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Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT)on the Internet

An Architecture of Electronic Fund Transfer on the Internet

Internet

Payer

Cyber Bank

Bank

Cyber Bank

Payee

AutomatedClearinghouse

VANBank

VAN

PaymentGateway

PaymentGateway

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Debit Cards

• A delivery vehicle of cash in an electronic form

• Mondex, VisaCash applied this approach

• Either anonymous or onymous

• CyberCash has commercialized a debit card named CyberCoin as a medium of micropayments on the Internet

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Electronic Cash and Micropayments

• Smart Cards– The concept of e-cash is used in the non-Internet

environment– Plastic cards with magnetic stripes (old technology)– Includes IC chips with programmable functions on them

which makes cards “smart”– One e-cash card for one application– Recharge the card only at designated locations, such as

bank office or a kiosk. Future: recharge at your PC– e.g. Mondex & VisaCash

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Electronic Money

• DigiCash

– The analogy of paper money or coins– Expensive, as each payment transaction

must be reported to the bank and recorded– Conflict with the role of central bank’s bill

issuance– Legally, DigiCash is not supposed to issue

more than an electronic gift certificate even though it may be accepted by a wide number of member stores

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• Stored Value Cards

Electronic Money (cont.)

– No issuance of money– Debit card — a delivering vehicle of cash in

an electronic form– Either anonymous or onymous– Advantage of an anonymous card

• the card may be given from one person to another

– Also implemented on the Internet without employment of an IC card

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• Smart card-based e-cash– Can be recharged at home through the Internet– Can be used on the Internet as well as in a non-

Internet environment

• Ceiling of Stored Values – To prevent the abuse of stored values in money

laundry– S$500 in Singapore; HK$3,000 in Hong Kong

• Multiple Currencies– Can be used for cross border payments

Electronic Money (cont.)