social marketing
DESCRIPTION
SOCIAL MARKETING. MUJI SULISTYOWATI. PEMASARAN. Kotler : Proses sosial & manajerial Pemenuhan kebutuhan dan keinginan Pertukaran Produk / barang / nilai - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
SOCIAL MARKETING
MUJI SULISTYOWATI
PEMASARAN
Kotler : Proses sosial & manajerial Pemenuhan kebutuhan dan keinginan Pertukaran Produk/ barang/ nilai
Berbagai upaya yang terencana untuk meningkatkan penerimaan suatu produk oleh masyarakat sasaran melalui proses sosial dan manajerial sehingga terjadi transaksi sukarela
Kebutuhan : Keadaan merasa tidak memiliki kepuasan dasar
Keinginan : Hasrat akan pemuas tertentu dari kebutuhan
tersebut Produk (barang & jasa) :
Sesuatu yang ditawarkan untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginan
Pertukaran : Cara mendapatkan suatu produk yang diinginkan
PASAR…. ?
Wilayah Sasaran Pemasaran di mana ‘pembeli’ berada/berdomisili
Terdiri dari pelanggan potensial yang mempunyai kebutuhan tertentu serta mau dan mampu turut dalam pertukaran untuk memenuhi kebutuhan atau keinginan.
Pasar mempunyai ciri-ciri tertentu Tiap ciri membutuhkan pendekatan tersendiri
Diperlukan adanya analisis pasar
PEMASARAN SOSIAL
PEMASARAN SOSIAL :Desain, implementasi, dan kontrol dalam meningkatkan penerimaan ide/perubahan sosial untuk suatu kelompok targetProduk yang dipasarkan ‘ide’ atau pelayanan sosial
Kotler & Zaltman, 1971 :The use of marketing principles and techniques to advance a social cause, idea, or behavior
Concept
… A process for influencing human behavior on a large scale using marketing principles for the purpose of societal benefit rather than commercial profit” (W. Smith)
… Social marketing seeks to influence social behaviors, not to benefit the marketer, but to benefit the target audience and the general society” (Kotler & Andreasen)
Social marketing is basically applying commercial marketing principles to health and human service programs
BEHAVIOR CHANGE FOR SOCIETAL BENEFIT! – not profit Everything you do should be in the service of
behavior change The primary focus is on the consumer, on
learning what people want and need rather than trying to persuade them to buy what we happen to be producing
Continuum of Interventions
Unaware/ Considering change/ Maintaining Behavior
Aware/ Not Considering Change
Entrenched/ No desire to change
Education Social Marketing
Law
This shows you where social marketing fits in with other interventions to support behavior change
The differences………
1. Objectives
2. Profit oriented
3. Produk
4. Jangka waktu perubahan
Key concept = exchangeYou Give Me You Get
Rp. 5000,- A pepsi
• A thirst quencher• good taste • fun• youthfull feeling
Rp.2500,- A Condom
EmbarrassmentLoss of pleasure
• protection against pregnancy• protection against STD’s• peace of mind• sense of control• hope of the future
Money An immunization
TimeMomentary discomfort
• better health• avoidance a greater discomfort (sickness• ability to go school, work, etc
What sOcial marketing is not
Not social advertising Not driven by organizational expert’s
agendas Not promotion or media outreach only Not about coercing behaviors
Through punishment Not a “one approach” model
Mengapa dilakukan Pemasaran Sosial di bidang kesehatan?
Berbagai penyebab penyakit bersumber pada perilaku Untuk menanggulangi perlu intervensi perilaku. Tujuan pemasaran adalah perubahan perilaku
PEMASARAN : PERUBAHAN SUKARELA
Pemasaran lebih dapat diterima masayarakat
Pendekatan dalam Perubahan (Pemasaran) Sosial
1. Pendekatan legal/ hukum
2. Pendekatan teknologi
3. Pendekatan ekonomi
4. Pendekatan informasi
Tipe Perubahan dalam Bidang Kesehatan
Perubahan kognitif Perubahan aksi Perubahan perilaku Perubahan nilai
The Social Marketing Process
William D. Novelli
2Planning
6Feedback to stage 1
1 Analysis
3Develop test,
refine plan elements
4Implemen-
tation
5Assess in-
marketeffectiveness
1- Analysis Market Analysis
To define what/who the market is Making quantified estimates of the current and future
sizes of the market
Market definition : depend on the boundaries of (health) organization’s business Geographical scope distribution and sales outlets :
How do current product offerings now reach the target? What are the places, or outlets, in which these offerings are
exchanged and/ consumed?
Marketing Research is a systematic process of gathering, analyzing, and
interpreting relevant information for decision making
Systematic process infers to used of the systems approach in the research procedure, and that is consists of a series of steps
Specific informational needs must be stated The information must be gathered by one or several
techniques The relevant-information that needs to be researched
Cont’d
The possible hazards, without adequate market research :
1. The program would be direct to the wrong market
2. The potential user may NOT fully understand it
3. Hazards on the investment of substantial time, energy, and money
4. The demand for the program cannot be accurately estimated
Riset pasar sebagai bagian dari Analisis Pasar akan memberikan gambaran / deskripsi dari komposisi dan ukuran dari segmentasi pasar yang akan dilakukan
Consumer analysis is the individual in the marketing exchange The attributes are :
Demographic characteristic are : age, sex, income, education & literacy, social class, family size and life cycle, occupation, religion, culture, ethnicity
Geographic attributes : the region. size of place, population density, climate, mobility
Psychographic attributes : behavioral characteristics: how, why, when ‘market’ engage the
exchange life-styles and personalities Consumer-reported responses to current marketplace offerings User status The readiness stage of consumers Media patterns
Institutional analysis The own organization and other institutions and
agencies that are directly or indirectly involved in the market
2 - Planning
Setting marketing program objectives Market target segmentation Marketing mix strategies
Market Target Segmentation refers to the focusing of marketing efforts on a
particular group breaking down the total heterogeneous market
into smaller, more homogeneous groups that profitably satisfy
VARIABLES :1. Geographic : urban >< rural
2. Demographic : age, sex, income, race, ethnic, etc.
Easily identifiable group.
Lanjt…..3. Attitudinal :
Positive-negative-neutral; AIETA; KPDIC can be determined through research To be used in conjunction with demographics
4. Behavioral : It relates to actions
1. Life-styles : activities, interests & opinions of indiv
2. Usage rate : how often a product or services is used ex : nonuser-light-moderate-heavyuser
3. The consumers benefits
Strategy to segment 3 requirements to be successful in
segmenting :1. Measurability : the size of potential market
2. Accessibility : how easily a segment can be reached & served
3. Substantiality : relates to whether a particular segment warrants separate marketing attention
3 Strategies :1. Undifferentiated marketing
2. Concentrated marketing
3. Differentiated marketing
3 – Develop test, refine plan elements
In this steps, the elements of the marketing mix are developed and tested,
And the program is refined
4 - Implementation
Execute action plan Monitor marketing progress Monitor institutional performance
5 – Market Effectiveness The purpose is to gather, process, and report
timely, adequate and accurate data for marketing decision making
Example in contraceptive marketing programs : Consumer response “retailer” response Health professional response Communication Sales and financial
6 - Feedback
Review Program revisions Feedback to analysis
Marketing Research Procedure
1. Problem definition or opportunity identification
2. Exploratory researcha. Internal sources
b. External sources
c. Secondary sources
3. Sampling plana. Sampling unit specification
b. Sampling method selection
c. Sample size determination
4. Questionnaire design
5. Collecting primary dataa. Observation
b. Survey-telephone, mail, personal
c. Experiments
6. Data analysisa. Data reduction
b. Statistical analysis
7. Interpretation and implementation of findings
The Social Marketing Mix
Product Tangible, physical products, services (e.g.
medical exams), practices (e.g. breastfeeding, ORT, eating a
heart-healthy diet), more intangible ideas (e.g. environmental protection)
To have Viable Products : People perceived that they have a genuine problem That product offering is a good solution for that
problem Role of research :
To discover the consumers’ perceptions of the problem and the product
To determine how important they feel it is to take action against the problem
Price
… What the consumer must do in order to obtain the social marketing products… i.e. : monetary price; time of effort, to risk embarrassment,
and disapproval
If the costs outweigh the benefits low value & not to be adopted
If the benefits are greater than costs chances of trial & adoption is greater
Price cont’d
For physical products, price must be balanced, not too low or high, at least a nominal fee to increase perceptions of quality and to present a sense of “dignity” to the transaction by research & positioning
Research : to determine the perceptions of costs and benefits
Place
…The way that the product reaches the consumer
For tangible products : the distribution system, i.e.: the warehouse, trucks, sales force, retail outlets, etc
For intangible products : the decisions about the channels through which consumers are reached with information or training, i.e.: doctor’s offices, shopping malls, mass media vehicles or in-home demonstrations.
Place… cont’d
Other elements: Decision on how to ensure accessibility of the
offering Quality of the service delivery
Research : To identify the most ideal means of distribution (by
determining the activities, habits, experience, satisfaction of target audience with the existing delivery system)
Promotion
… consists of the integrated use of advertising, public relation, promotions, media advocacy, personal selling and entertainment vehicles
The focus is on creating and sustaining demand for the product
Research : To determine the most effective and efficient
vehicles to reach target audience and increase demand
Additional P’s
Publics Refers to both external (target audience, secondary
audiences, policymakers, gatekeepers) and internal publics (those who are involved with approval or implementation of the program
Partnership Other organizations that have similar goals and to identify
ways to work together Policy Purse strings :
Where the funding will come from
Example…
The marketing mix strategy for a breast cancer screening campaign for older women
Product : Getting an annual mammogram Seeing a physician each year for breast exam Performing monthly breast self-exams
Price : Money to get the exam of mammogram Potential discomfort &/or embarrasment
Example cont’d…
Place : Medical and educational services are offered
might be a mobile van, local hospitals, clinics and worksites, etc
Promotion : Could be done through public service
announcement, billboards, mass mailings, media events and community outreach
Publics : Low income women age 40 to 65, their husbands,
their physicians, policymakers, board of directors and office staffs
Partnerships : Local or national women’s group, corporate
sponsors, medical organizations, media outlets, etc
Example cont’d…
Policy : Focus on increasing access to mammograms
through lower costs Requiring insurance and Medicaid coverage Increasing federal funding for breast cancer
research Purse strings :
Governmental grants, foundation grants, etc
Example cont’d…
Kotler
1. Problem definition
2. Goal setting
3. Target market segmentation
4. Consumer analysis
5. Influence channels analysis
6. Marketing strategy and tactics
7. Implementation and evaluation
Kuis Diskusikan segmentasi yang akan disusun
berdasarkan analisis pasar yang telah dilakukan kelompok : Sebutkan variabel segmentasi Alasan pembagian segmen
Tulis dalam bentuk Laporan Singkat :
1. Masalah kesehatan
2. Analisis pasar (singkat)
3. Segmentasi (variabel & alasan)
4. Nama-nama anggota kelompok + NIM +TTD