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7/24/2019 Slide AKT 202 Akuntansi Keuangan Menengah Presentasi 12

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C H A P T E RC H A P T E R 1212

INTANGIBLE ASSETSINTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intermediate AccountingIFRS Edition

Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield


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1. Describe the characteristics of intangible assets.2. Identify the costs to include in the initial valuation of intangible assets.

3. Explain the procedure for amortizing intangible assets.

4. Describe the types of intangible assets.

. Explain the conceptual issues related to good!ill.

". Describe the accounting procedures for recording good!ill.

#. Explain the accounting issues related to intangible asset impairments.

$. Identify the conceptual issues related to research and developmentcosts.

%. Describe the accounting for research and development and similar costs.

1&. Indicate the presentation of intangible assets and related items.

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives


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'ar(eting)'ar(eting)relatedrelated

*ustomer)*ustomer)

relatedrelated

+rtistic)+rtistic)

relatedrelated

*ontract)*ontract)

relatedrelated

,echnology),echnology)

relatedrelated

-ood!ill-ood!ill

Intangib!eIntangib!e

Asset Iss"esAsset Iss"esT#$es %&T#$es %&

Intangib!esIntangib!esI'$air'ent %&I'$air'ent %&

Intangib!esIntangib!es

Researc( an)Researc( an)

*eve!%$'ent*eve!%$'ent

C%stsC%sts

Presentati%n %&Presentati%n %&

Intangib!es an)Intangib!es an)

Re!ate) Ite'sRe!ate) Ite's

*haracteristics*haracteristics

aluationaluation

+mortization+mortization

/imited)life/imited)lifeintangiblesintangibles

0eversal of0eversal of

impairment lossimpairment loss

Indefinite)lifeIndefinite)lifeintangibles otherintangibles otherthan good!illthan good!ill

-ood!ill-ood!ill

IdentifyingIdentifying0D0D

+ccounting for+ccounting for

0D0D

imilar costsimilar costs

*onceptual*onceptual

uestionsuestions

IntangibleIntangibleassetsassets

0D costs0D costs

Intangib!e AssetsIntangib!e Assets

Intangib!e AssetsIntangib!e Assets


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Intangib!e Asset Iss"esIntangib!e Asset Iss"es


LO 1 Describe the characteristics of intangible assets.LO 1 Describe the characteristics of intangible assets.

T(ree ,ain C(aracteristics

C(aracteristics

516 7isa diidentifi(asi

526 8urang memili(i e(sistensi fisi(

536 7u(an merupa(an instrumen (euangan

9ormally classified as n%n-c"rrent asset.


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P"rc(ase) Intangib!es.

:embelian a(tiva ta( ber!u;ud dicatat pada biaya.

,ermasu( semua biaya a(uisisi dan pengeluaran yang

diperlu(an untu( membuat a(tiva ta( ber!u;ud tersebut

siap diguna(an.

,ypical costs include

< :urchase price.

< /egal fees.

< =ther incidental expenses.

/a!"ati%n


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Intangib!e Asset Iss"esIntangib!e Asset Iss"esIntangib!e Asset Iss"esIntangib!e Asset Iss"es

LO 2 Identify the costs to include in the initial valuation of intangible assets.LO 2 Identify the costs to include in the initial valuation of intangible assets.

/a!"ati%n

Interna!!# Create)Intangibles

*ompanies expense all research phase costs and some

development phase costs.

*ertain development costs are capitalized once ec%n%'ic

viabi!it#criteria are met.

IRS identifies several specific criteria that must be metbefore development costs are capitalized.


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LO 2 Identify the costs to include in the initial valuation of intangible assets.LO 2 Identify the costs to include in the initial valuation of intangible assets.

Interna!!# Create) Intangib!es I!!"strati%n 12-1Researc( an)*eve!%$'ent Stages


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A'%rti4ati%n %& Intangib!es

Li'ite)-Li&eIntangibles

+mortisasi dibeban(an secara sistematis selama umur

manfaatnya.

*redit asset account or accumulated amortization.

>seful life should reflect the periods over !hich the asset

!ill contribute to cash flo!s. +mortization should be cost less residual value.

I?0 reuires companies to assess the residual values

and useful lives of intangible assets at least annually.


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LO 3 Explain the procedure for amortiing intangible assets.LO 3 Explain the procedure for amortiing intangible assets.


In)e&inite-Li&eIntangibles

,ida( terbatas tida( ada batas yang dapat diper(ira(an

dalam periode !a(tu dimana a(tiva tersebut dapatmemberi(an arus (as.

9o amortization.

'ust test indefinite)life intangibles for impairment at leastannually.


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LO 3 Explain the procedure for amortiing intangible assets.LO 3 Explain the procedure for amortiing intangible assets.

I!!"strati%n 12-2Acc%"nting Treat'ent&%r Intangib!es



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T#$es %& Intangib!esT#$es %& Intangib!esT#$es %& Intangib!esT#$es %& Intangib!es

LO ! Describe the types of intangible assets.LO ! Describe the types of intangible assets.

Si6 ,aj%r Categ%ries.

516 'ar(eting)related.

526 *ustomer)related.

536 +rtistic)related.

546 *ontract)related.

56 ,echnology)related.

5"6 -ood!ill.


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,ar7eting-Re!ate) Intangib!e Assets E6a'$!es

< ,rademar(s or trade names@ ne!spaper

mastheads@ Internet domain names@ and non)competition agreements.

In the 8nite) States tra)e'ar7or tra)e na'ehas

legal protection for indefinite number of 1& year rene!al

periods 5perpan;angan6.

*apitalize acuisition costs.

9o amortization.


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C"st%'er-Re!ate) Intangib!e Assets E6a'$!es

< Dihasil(an dari intera(si dengan piha( luar. *ontoh

daftar pelanggan@ catatan pesanan atau catatanprodu(si@

*apitalize acuisition costs.

+mortized to expense over useful life.


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I!!"strati%n. -reen 'ar(et Inc. acuires the customer list of alarge ne!spaper for A"@&&&@&&& on Banuary 1@ 2&11. -reen

'ar(et expects to benefit from the information even!#over a

three)year period. 0ecord the purchase of the customer list and

the amortization of the customer list at the end of each year.

*ustomer /ist "@&&&@&&&Ban. 1

*ash "@&&&@&&&

+mortization expense 2@&&&@&&&Dec. 312&1&2&112&12

*ustomer list 2@&&&@&&&


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Artistic-Re!ate) Intangib!e Assets E6a'$!es

< Ca( (epemili(an nas(ah drama@ (arya sastra@ (arya

musi(@ gambar)gambar@ foto@ materi video@ audiovisual. *opyright granted for the life of the creator plus #& years.

*apitalize costs of acuiring and defending.

+mortized to expense over useful life.

,ic7e#,ic7e#

,%"se,%"sean)an)

LO !LO !


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LO !LO !

C%ntract-Re!ate) Intangib!e Assets E6a'$!es

< ?ranchise and licensing agreements@ construction

permits@ broadcast rights@ and service or supplycontracts.

?ranchise 5or license6 !ith a limited life should be amortized

to expense over the life of the franchise.

?ranchise !ith an indefinite life should be carried at cost

and not amortized.


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Tec(n%!%g#-Re!ate) Intangib!e Assets E6a'$!es

< :atented technology and trade secrets granted by a

governmental body. :atent gives holder exclusive use for a period of 2& years.

*apitalize costs of purchasing a patent.

Expense any 0D costs in developing a patent. +mortize over legal life or useful life@ !hichever is shorter.


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I!!"strati%n. Carcott *o. incurs 1$&@&&& in legal costs onBanuary 1@ 2&11@ to successfully defend a patent. ,he patents

useful life is 2& years@ amortized on a straight)line basis. Carcott

records the legal fees and the amortization at the end of 2&11 as

follo!s.

:atent 1$&@&&&Ban. 1

*ash 1$&@&&&

:atent amortization expense %@&&&Dec. 31

:atent %@&&&


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LO " Explain the conceptual issues related to good#ill.LO " Explain the conceptual issues related to good#ill.

G%%)9i!! Dalam penggabungan usaha@ biaya 5harga beli6 dibeban(an@@

(e a(tiva ber!u;ud yang dapat diidentifi(asi serta a(tiva ta(

ber!u;ud bersih@ dan sisanya dicatat dalam a(un a(tiva ta(

ber!u;ud yang disebut g%%)9i!!.

Canya dicatat (eti(a (eseluruhan perusahaan dibeli.

-ood!ill adalah sisa

kelebihan biaya atas nilai wajar aktiva bersih yang dapat

diidentifikasi yang diakuisisi.


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I!!"strati%n. 'ulti)Diversified@ Inc. memutus(an bah!a mere(amemerlu(an divisi (omponen untu( meleng(api distributor tra(tor.

:residen dire(tur 'ulti)Diversified tertari( untu( membeli

perusahaan (ecil di *hicago 5,ractorling *ompany6. 9eraca

,ractorling *ompany disa;i(an dalam ilustrasi 12)4

Rec%r)ing G%%)9i!!Rec%r)ing G%%)9i!!Rec%r)ing G%%)9i!!Rec%r)ing G%%)9i!!

LO $ Describe the accounting procedures for recording good#ill.LO $ Describe the accounting procedures for recording good#ill.

I!!"strati%n 12-


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I!!"strati%n. 'ulti)Diversified investigates ,ractorlings underlyingassets to determine their fair values.


,ractorling *ompany memutus(an untu( menerima ta!aran 'ulti)

Diversified sebesar 4&&@&&&. 7erapa nilai good!ill@ ;i(a memang

adaF

I!!"strati%n 12-+


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I!!"strati%n. Determination of -ood!ill.


I!!"strati%n 12-

8arena nilai pasar !a;ar a(tiva bersih se(arang ditentu(an sebesar 3&@&&& ma(a mengapa'ulti Diversified membayar sebesar 4&&@&&&F :en;ual memili(i reputasi yang bai(@ pering(at (redityang bai(@tim mana;emen punca(@ (arya!an yang terlatih dengan bai(@ dan lainnya.


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I!!"strati%n. 'ulti)Diversified records this transaction asfollo!s.



:roperty@ :lant@ and Euipment 2&@&&&

:atents 1$@&&&Inventories 122@&&&

0eceivables 3@&&&

*ash 2@&&&

-ood!ill &@&&&/iabilities @&&&

*ash 4&&@&&&


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G%%)9i!!G%%)9i!!G%%)9i!!G%%)9i!!

G%%)9i!! :rite-%&&

-ood!ill dianggap memili(i umur yang tida( terbatas

,ida( boleh diamortisasi


Bargain P"rc(ase

:urchase price !ess t(anthe fair value of net assetsacuired.

+mount is recorded as a gainby the purchaser.


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I'$air'ent %& Intangib!e AssetsI'$air'ent %& Intangib!e AssetsI'$air'ent %& Intangib!e AssetsI'$air'ent %& Intangib!e Assets

I'$air'ent %& Li'ite)-Li&e Intangib!es

LO % Explain the accounting issues related to intangible&asset impairments.LO % Explain the accounting issues related to intangible&asset impairments.

Sa'e as i'$air'ent &%r !%ng-!ive) assets in C(a$ter 11;

I!!"strati%n 11-1+


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I!!"strati%n. /erch@ Inc. memili(i paten mengenai bagaimanamenge(stra(si minya( dari serpihan batu @ dengan carrying value

of @&&&@&&& pada a(hir tahun 2&1&. ayangnya harga minya(

yang menurun telah membuat te(nologi serpihan minya( ini

men;adi tida( menguntung(an. /erch menentu(an recoverable

amountfor the patent@ berdasar(an value-in-use5because there is

no active mar(et for the patent6. /erch estimates the patents

value)in)use at 2@&&&@&&&@ 5based on the discounted expected net

future cash flows at its market rate of interest6.


LO % Explain the accounting issues related to intangible asset impairments.LO % Explain the accounting issues related to intangible asset impairments.


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I!!"strati%n 11-1+


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I!!"strati%n 11-1+


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I'$air'ent %& In)e&inite-Li&e Intangib!es Ot(ert(an G%%)9i!!


hould be tested for impairment at least annually.

Impairment test is the same as that for limited)lifeintangibles. ,hat is@

< compare the recoverable amount of the intangible

asset !ith the assets carrying value.

< If the recoverable amount is less than the carrying

amount@ the company recognizes an impairment.


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I!!"strati%n. +rcon 0adio purchased a broadcast license for2@&&&@&&&. ,he license is rene!able every 1& years. +rcon 0adio

has rene!ed the license !ith the -** t!ice@ at a minimal cost.

7ecause it expects cash flo!s to last indefinitely@ +rcon reports the

license as an indefinite)life intangible asset. 0ecently@ the -**

decided to auction these licenses to the highest bidder instead of

rene!ing them. 7ased on recent auctions of similar licenses@ +rcon

0adio estimates the fair value less costs to sell 5the recoverable

amount6 of its license to be 1@&&@&&&.



I!!"strati%n 12-


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I'$air'ent %& G%%)9i!!


*ompanies must test good!ill at least ann"a!!#.

7ecause there is rarely a mar(et for cash)generating units@

estimation of the recoverable amount for good!illimpairments is usually based on va!"e-in-"se esti'ates.


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I!!"strati%n. 8ohlbuy *orporation has three divisions. It purchasedone division@ :ritt :roducts@ four years ago for 2 million.

>nfortunately@ :ritt experienced operating losses over the last three

uarters. 8ohlbuy management is no! revie!ing the division 5the

cash)generating unit6@ for purposes of its annual impairment

testing. :ritt Divisions net assets@ including the associated good!ill

of %&&@&&& from the purchase

LO %LO %

I!!"strati%n 12-15


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I!!"strati%n 11-1+


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I!!"strati%n 11-1+


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8n7n%9n


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Researc( an) *eve!%$'ent C%stsResearc( an) *eve!%$'ent C%stsResearc( an) *eve!%$'ent C%stsResearc( an) *eve!%$'ent C%sts

LO ' Identify the conceptual issues related to research and development costs.LO ' Identify the conceptual issues related to research and development costs.

:erusahaan mengeluar(an dana untu( penelitian dan

pengembangan guna mencipta(an produ( atau proses baru@memperbai(i produ( yang ada@ dan menemu(a pengetahuan

yang baru di masa depan.

< ne! product@

< process@

< idea@

< formula@< composition@ or

< literary !or(.

Researc( an) )eve!%$'ent >R?*@ c%stsbu(anmerupa(an a(tiva tida( ber!u;ud.


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*ompanies spend considerable sums on researc( an))eve!%$'ent.

I!!"strati%n 12-12


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emua biaya penelitian dan pengembangan harusdibeban(an (e beban pada saat ter;adinya.


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I)entiing R ? * Activities



Researc( Activities:encarian yang direncana(an atauinvestigasi (ritis yang ditu;u(an untu(menemu(an pengetahuan baru.

Researc( Activities:encarian yang direncana(an atauinvestigasi (ritis yang ditu;u(an untu(menemu(an pengetahuan baru.

E6a'$!es/aboratory research aimed at discovery ofne! (no!ledgeG searching for applications ofne! research findings.

E6a'$!es/aboratory research aimed at discovery ofne! (no!ledgeG searching for applications ofne! research findings.

*eve!%$'ent Activities:en;abaran penemuan penelitian (edalam suatu rencana atau rancangan

untu( produ( dan proses baru.:erbai(an yang signifi(an terhadapprodu( atau proses yang ada

*eve!%$'ent Activities:en;abaran penemuan penelitian (edalam suatu rencana atau rancangan

untu( produ( dan proses baru.:erbai(an yang signifi(an terhadapprodu( atau proses yang ada

E6a'$!es*onceptual formulation and design ofpossible product or process alternativesG

construction of prototypes andoperation of pilot plants.

E6a'$!es*onceptual formulation and design ofpossible product or process alternativesG

construction of prototypes andoperation of pilot plants.

I!!"strati%n 12-13


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Acc%"nting &%r R ? * Activities

*osts +ssociated !ith 0D +ctivities

'aterials@ Euipment@ and ?acilities

:ersonnel

:urchased Intangibles

*ontract ervices

Indirect *osts


LO ( Describe the accounting for research and development and similar costs.LO ( Describe the accounting for research and development and similar costs.


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C%st %& engineering activit# re"ire)

t% a)vance t(e )esign %& a $r%)"ct t%t(e 'an"&act"ring stage;

C%st %& e"i$'ent %btaine);

C%st %& testing in searc( %& $r%)"ct

a!ternatives; C%st %& )eve!%$ing a $atent;

C%st %& c%nce$t"a! &%r'"!ati%n %&

$%ssib!e $r%)"ct a!ternatives;

Ite'Ite'Ite'Ite' C!assi&icati%nC!assi&icati%nC!assi&icati%nC!assi&icati%n


E12-1. In)icate (%9 ite's %n t(e !ist be!%9 9%"!) genera!!# bere$%rte) in t(e &inancia! state'ents;

LO (LO (

R?* e6$ense


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*ost of euipment acuired that !ill have alternative uses in

future 0D pro;ects over the next years.

'aterials consumed in 0D pro;ects

*onsulting fees paid to outsiders for 0D pro;ects

:ersonnel costs of persons involved in 0D pro;ectsIndirect costs reasonably allocable to 0D pro;ects

'aterials purchased for future 0D pro;ects

33&@&&&

%@&&&

1&&@&&&

12$@&&&&@&&&

34@&&&

""@&&&

%@&&&

1&&@&&&

12$@&&&&@&&&

&

0D0D

ExpenseExpense

4&3@&&&


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*opyright H 2&11 Bohn iley ons@ Inc. +ll rights reserved.0eproduction or translation of this !or( beyond that permitted in

ection 11# of the 1%#" >nited tates *opyright +ct !ithout the

express !ritten permission of the copyright o!ner is unla!ful.

0euest for further information should be addressed to the:ermissions Department@ Bohn iley ons@ Inc. ,he purchaser

may ma(e bac()up copies for hisJher o!n use only and not for

distribution or resale. ,he :ublisher assumes no responsibility for

errors@ omissions@ or damages@ caused by the use of theseprograms or from the use of the information contained herein.

C%$#rig(tC%$#rig(tC%$#rig(tC%$#rig(t

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