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P asilanA amirP nanayaleP huragne naiadageP mureP nasaupeK padahreThabasaN

gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP habasaN adap susaK idutS

ISPIRKS

ispirkS siluneM akgnaR malad nakujaiD

nemejanaM nasuruJ ,nemejanaM idutS margorP atlukaF imonokE s

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

: helO rainamI ainatsetorF

301412260 :MIN

NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU ATRAKAYGOY

102 2

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

P asilanA amirP nanayaleP huragne naiadageP mureP nasaupeK padahreThabasaN

naiadageP mureP habasaN adap susaK idutS gnabaC gnalameP

ISPIRKS

ispirkS siluneM akgnaR malad nakujaiD

nemejanaM nasuruJ ,nemejanaM idutS margorP imonokE satlukaF

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

: helO rainamI ainatsetorF

301412260 :MIN

S MARGORP NEMEJANAM IDUT IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU ATRAKAYGOY

102 2


ii


iii


vi

NAHABMESREP

eb uknanigniek taaS“ ,naparah iagabes napmis uk akam ,iapacret mul

,ipmim malad ek maggneg uk ,dujuwret muleb uti naparah akitek nad

,naataynek idajnem uti ipmim akitek numan

”..…naaigahabek idajnem habureb naka akam

k kutnu aynah nakub uti naaigahabeK hibel idajnem naka ipatet ,nakasar uk nad irukuys u

,tabahas ,hisakek ,agraulek adapek ini naaigahabek nakrabeynem saib uka taas anrupmes

namet - uka aggnih ukpudih nanalajrep id ada ulales gnay akerem anerak helo gnay ,namet

.……gnarakes inisid adareb saib

asE ahaM gnaY nahuT adapek nakhabmesrepmem silunep rukuys asar alages nagneD

ini amales harguna alages sata

aB gnay aod atres atam ria nad tagnirek nagned ini amales nagnaujrep sata ,ubI nad kap

ukhakgnal ignirignem ulales

hab nad aggnab taub atik iram…ukkida“ agoY nad aytaS ”aut gnaro nakaiga

ukgnukudnem nad ignipmadnem ulales gnay aggnA ylevol yM

namet kutnU - kutnu hisakamiret ,retsE nad ,aksiS ,akI ,atiD ,nagnaujrepes namet

ini amales aynnaamasrebek

nameT - ,aynaumes naktubesid tapad kadit gnay 6002 natakgnA nemejanaM namet

kud sata hisakamiret .aynnagnu


v

OTTOM

apa nakrasadreb ayak aI .aynitah halada ayak gnaroeses taubmem gnaY

.aynikilimid gnay apa nakrasadreb nakub ,aynirid

)rehceeB draW yrneH(

.gnabmib nad tukanep halada ini ainud sata id ayahabreb gnilap gnay husuM

.huget gnay nanikayek nad nainarebek halaynah ,aites gnilap gnay nameT

)noskcaJ werdnA(


iv

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU IMONOKE SATLUKAF

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ - NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

: luduj nagned ispirkS awhab nakataynem ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

PADAHRET NAIADAGEP MUREP AMIRP NANAYALEP HURAGNEP ASILANAHABASAN NASAUPEK


22 laggnat adap ijuid kutnu nakujaid nad .ayas ayrak lisah halada 2102 iraurbeF

tapadret kadit ini ispirks malad awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayas ,ini nagneD uata ,nilaynem arac nagned libma ayas gnay nial gnaro nasilut naigabes uata nahurulesek

ata tamilak naiakgnar kutneb malad urinem uata nasagag nakkujnunem gnay lobmis uhaloes uka ayas gnay nial silunep irad narikimep uata tapadnep - gnay nasilut iagabes halo

naukagnep nakirebmem apnat nial gnaro nasilut irad libma ayas uata ,urit ayas ,nilas ayasunep adap )isnerefer malad naktubesid( .aynilsa sil

ayas akam tubesret nakadnit nakukalem ataynret ayas awhab itkubret irah naidumekid aliB raleg nad nakrugugid ini ispirks utiay isknas amirenem isknas amirenem ispirks aidesreb

d iauses sesorpid atres naklatabid )E.S( helorep ayas gnay kimedaka gnadnurep naruta nagne -.)07 lasap nad 52 lasap ,3002 nuhaT 02 oN UU( ukalreb gnay nagnadnu

2102 iraurbeF 92 ,atrakaygoY ,naataynrep taubmem gnaY rainamI ainatsetorF 301412260 :MIN


iiv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

ISAKILBUP NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK SIMEDAKA

hawab id nagnatadnatreb gnaY ini ayas awsisaham satisrevinU :amrahD atanaS

amaN : rainamI ainatsetorF

awsisahaMromoN 412260 : 301

imeD nagnabmegnep mli u ayas ,nauhategnep nakirebmem adapek nakatsuprep satisrevinU

haimli amrahD atanaS :ludujreb gnay ayas

“ silanA ”habasaN nasaupeK padahreT naiadageP mureP amirP nanayaleP huragneP a

b atrese alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep nagneD .)ada naikimed ayas nakirebmem adapek

naakatsupreP satisrevinU kah amrahD atanaS kutnu nakhilagnem ,napmiynem malad kutneb

aynalolegnem ,nial aidem malad kutneb nakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap araces abret ,sat

nad i id aynnakisakilbupmem kutnu nial aidem uata tenretn nitnepek nag simedaka apnat ulrep

atnimem niji irad ayas nupuam nakirebmem yor ytla adapek ayas tamales t pate

nakmutnacnem aman ayas iagabes .silunep

naikimeD naataynrep ini ayas taub nagned .aynranebes

atrakaygoY id taubiD

:laggnaTadaP iraurbeF 92 2102

nakataynem gnaY

( rainamI ainatsetorF )


iiiv

KARTSBA

NAIADAGEP MUREP AMIRP NANAYALEP HURAGNEP ASILANA HABASAN NASAUPEK PADAHRET


rainamI ainatsetorF atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

aguj asaj irtsudni malad nagniasrep ,naimonokerep ayngnabmekreb nikames nagneD .amirp gnay nanayalep nakirebmem kutnu asaj nesudorp tutnunem uti laH .tatek nikames

aiadageP mureP nagned alup utigeB id adareb gnay n nadab utas halas iagabes ,gnalameP atok amirp gnay nanayalep nakirebmem upmam surah aguj asaj gnadib id karegreb gnay ahasu gnay nanayalep irad nasaupek helorepmem naggnalep arap raga ,aynnaggnalep adapek

.nakirebid ni naitileneP lebairav irad huragnep anamiagab iuhategnem kutnu naujutreb i - lebairav

amasreb( natlumis araces kiab ,naggnalep nasaupek padahret amirp nanayalep - nupuam )amasiridnes( laisrap araces - nasaupek ihuragnepmem nanimod gnay lebairav atres )iridnes

raV .naggnalep lebai - halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay amirp nanayalep lebairav .nanamaynek nad ,bawaj gnuggnat ,nakadnit ,naitahrep ,nalipmanep ,pakis ,naupmamek

halada ini naitilenep irad helorep id gnay lisaH ,nalipmaneP ,pakis ,naupmameKnakadniT ,naitahreP nakirebmem amasreb araces nanamayneK nad ,bawaj gnuggnaT ,

F ,888.0 = ²R( .habasan nasaupeK padahret nakifingis huragnep - .)000.0 = p ,749.42 = gnutih k awhab nakkujnunem iserger sisilana lisah uti nialeS naupmameK utiay lebairav hujute

gnuggnaT ,)651,0( nakadniT ,)951,0( naitahreP ,)313,0( nalipmaneP ,)042,0( pakiS ,)436,0( nakifingis araces huragnepreb nahurulesek araces )202,0( nanamayneK nad ,)351,0( bawaj

ataynret nahalognep lisah nad nasaupek padahret huragnep iaynupmem naupmameK lebairav hujutek nanayalep satilauk nahaburep awhab nakatakid tapad ini lisaH .nakifingis gnilap gnay nahaburep amaturet habasan nasaupek nahaburep padahret ilakes fitisnes tubesret lebairav

uk akij aynitrA .naupmameK lebairav naka akam ,nanurunep imalagnem nanayalep satilahabasan nasaupek nanurunep adap kapmadreb .


xi

TCARTSBA

MOC YTAICUDIF EHT FO ECIVRES TNELLECXE FO TCEFFE EHT NO YNAP

NOISICED S’REMOTSUC EHT ’remotsuC tA ydutS esaC A icudiF ehT fO s gnalameP nI ynapmoC yra

rainamI ainatsetorF atrakaygoY ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS

eht taht deilpmi si tI .tnemevorpmi cimonoce eht ot sdael noitidnoc cimonoce gnisaercni ehT ytic gnalameP ni ynapmoC yraicudiF eht rof eurt si emas ehT .dednamed si ecivres tnellecxe

c esnetni htiw lluf si hcihw aera ecivres eht ni snur taht ynapmoc eht sa sihT .noititepmo era yeht taht os remotsuc eht rof ecivres tnellecxe eht edivorp ot ynapmoc eht sdnamed

.ecivres dedivorp eht htiw deifsitas fo tceffe eht gniyifnedi ta demia si hcraeser tnecer ehToitcafsitas s’remotsuc eht no selbairav ecivres tnellecxe emas eht ni( ylsuoenatlumis ni htob ,n

’sremusnoc eht decneulfni hcihw selbairav tnanimod eht dna )yllaudivni( yllaitrap dna )emit ,ytilibapac eht erew hcraeser siht ni detpoda ecivres tnellecxe fo selbairav ehT .noitcafsitas

oitnetta ,ecnaraeppa ,edutitta .trofmoc dna ytilibisnopser ,noitca ,n

dni tluser ehT ,noitca ,noitnetta ,ecnaraeppa ,edutitta ,ytilibapac eht taht detacitlumis trofmoc dna ytilibisnopser detceffa ylevitcelloc dna ylsuoena ’sremotsuc eht

.0 = ²R( .yltnacifingis noitcafsitas F ,888 - eht ,noitidda nI .)000.0 = p ,749.42 = gnutihnoiserger selbairav neves eht taht dewohs sisylana - ,)042,0( edutitta ,)436,0( ytilibapac

ytilibisnopser ,)651,0( noitca ,)951,0( noitnetta ,)313,0( ecnaraeppa trofmoc dna ,)351,0( elohw a sa )202,0( eht taht suoivbo si ti dna noitcafsitas ’sremotsuc eht detceffa yltnacifingis

si tI .noitcafsitas ’sremotsuc eht no yltnacifingis tsom detceffa ytilibapac fo lebairavegnahc eht taht detseggus neves eht ni ytilauq ecives ni eht ot evitisnes erew selbairav egnahc

’sremotsuc eht ni ylralucitrap ,noitcafsitas snaem tI .elbairav ytilibapac eht esaerced eht taht .noitcafsitas s’remotsuc eht ni noitcuder eht eht dael ecivvres tnellecxe eht ni


x

RATNAGNEP ATAK

harguna alages sata asE ahaM gnaY nahuT adapek nakrutah silunep rukuys ijuP

mureP amirP nanayaleP huragneP asilanA“ ludujreb gnay ispirks aggnihes ,ini amales

.nakiaselesid tapad ini ”habasaN nasaupeK padahreT naiadageP

s ihunemem kutnu nususid ini ispirkS anajraS raleg hiarem kutnu tarays utas hala

,imonokE satlukaF ,nemejanaM nasuruJ ,nemejanaM idutS margorP adap imonokE

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

.nautnab tapadnem kaynab silunep ,ini ispirks nanusuynep awhab iradaynem siluneP

i natapmesek malaD :adapek isaiserpa nad hisak amiret nakpacugnem nigni silunep in

.1 ukales .tkA ,.iS.M ,onoyidrapuS .P.Y .srD kapaB imonokEsatlukaF nakeD satisrevinU

atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS

.2 nemejanaM idutS margorP auteK ukales ,.A.B.M ,.ES ,onomdaydiW idraM .V kapaB

nU .amrahD atanaS satisrevi

.3 ,dpS ,itawainruK aicuL nad I gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales ,A.B.M ,idatuS surodoehT .srD

.silunep igab II gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales ,M.S.M

.4 amrahD atanaS satisrevinU imonokE satlukaF nawayrak nad nesoD panegeS

.5 lunep auT gnarO audeK atres nagnaujrep sata ,itaimuS ituT nad onoskaS idoyodnaH ,si

.ini amales gnayas hisak nad aod

.6 .agoY nad aytaS ,silunep kida audeK

.7 .ini amales aynnagnukud nad naitahrep kutnu hisak amiret ,aggnA

.8 a hisak amiret ,gnalegaM id ontayuS ijuP .Y agrauleK .ini amales nagnukud sat

.9 nameT - nad amirenem halet gnay retsE nad ,acsiS ,akI ,atiD nagnaujrepes namet

.aynnaamasrebek sata hisak amiret ,gnanes nupuam hasus malad silunep inamenem

.01 nameT - aumes naktubesid tapad kadit gnay 6002 natakgnA nemejanaM namet amiret ,ayn

.aynnagnukud sata hisak


ix

.11 ib kadit gnay aumeS as asam ,ulal asam sata hisak amiret ,utasrep utas naktubes silunep

.naped asam id tabahasreb atik agomes nad gnarakes

siluneP


iix

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH …… .……………………………………………………………… i

NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ii .…………………………………………………………

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH iii ..…………………………………………………………

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH vi ...………………………………………………………

OTTOM NAMALAH ..………………………………………………………………… v

TAYNREP NAMALAH AYRAK NAILSAEK NAA ………………………………… . Vi

ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH iiv .................................................................

KARTSBA … …………………………………………………………………………… iiv i

TCARTSBA ....................................................... ....................................... ......................... xi

RATNAGNEP ATAK ..………………………………………………………………… x

ISI RATFAD …………………………………………………………………………… ix i

NAULUHADNEP I BAB ……………………………………………………………… 1

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL ………… ..…………………………………………… 1

.B halasaM nasumuR ……………………………………………………………… 4

.C naitileneP naujuT .……………………………………………………………… 4

.D naitileneP taafnaM ..…………………………………………………………… 5

AKATSUP NAIJAK II BAB ..………………………………………………………… 6

.A nasadnaL iroeT ………………………………………………………………… 6

.B aynmulebeS naitileneP ………………………………………………………… 51

.C naitileneP niaseD ……………………………………………………………… 71

.D sisetopiH nasumuR …………………………………………………………… 81

NAITILENEP EDOTEM III BAB ..………………………………………………… 91

.A naitileneP sineJ .……………………………………………………………… 91

.B naitileneP keybO nad keybuS ………………………………………………… 91

.C ………………………………………………………naitileneP isakoL ……… 91

.D lanoisarepO isinifeD nad naitileneP lebairaV ………………………………… 91

.E lepmaS nad isalupoP .………………………………………………………… 12

.F lepmaS nalibmagneP kinkeT .………………………………………………… 22

.G ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT …………………………………………………… 22

.H naijugneP kinkeT .…………………………………………………nemurtsnI 22

.I silanA kinkeT …ataD si .……………………………………………………… 32


iiix

NAITILENEP KEYBUS MUMU NARABMAG VI BAB .………………………… 52

.A naiadageP takgniS harajeS .…………………………………………………… 52

.B macaM - naiadageP helO nakrawatiD gnaY asaJ macam ……………………… 72

.C naiadageP isasinagrO rutkurtS …… ..………………………………………… 03

NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH V BAB ..…………………………… 13

.A nemurtsnI naijugneP lisaH …………………………………………………… 13

.1 satidilaV ijU lisaH ...……………………………………………………… 13

.2 satilibaileR ijU lisaH ……………………………………………………… 43

.B fitpirkseD naijugneP lisaH …………………………………………………… 53

.C aijugneP lisaH ………………………………………………………isergeR n 74

.1 natlumiS araceS huragneP ..……………………………………………… 74

.2 laisraP araceS huragneP ..………………………………………………… 84

MISEK IV BAB NARAS NAD NALUP ..…………………………………………… 75

.A pmiseK ……………………………………………………………………nalu 75

.B raS ..…………………………………………………………………………na 75

.C itileneP nasatabreteK .………………………………………………………… 85

AKATSUP RATFAD .………………………………………………………………… 95

NARIPMAL …………………………………………………………………………… 06


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

ini asawed tasep nikames gnay sinsib ainud nagnabmekrep anemoneF

iadnatid tubesret laH .asaj rasap ikusamem gnay naahasurep aynhabmatreb naklubminem

jes ripmah gnay asaj kudorp naklisahgnem gnay urab naahasurep aynlucnum nagned .sine

kutneb malad nakrawatid gnay asaj kudorp kaynab nikames halada aynkapmaD

adapek nakpadahid naggnalep taubmem naikimed isidnoK .magareb gnay nanayalep

aratnemes ,aynnahutubek ihunemem akgnar malad nailebmep nahilip fitanretla iagabreb

naahasurep igab naktapadnem malad iggnit nikames idajnem nagniasrep milki

tinu ,tatek nikames naggnalep padahret nanayalep nagniasreP .naggnalep - nanayalep tinu

inik aynadaes nagned nanayalep nakirebmem nasekret aynah uluhad gnay naahasurep

ayalep nakirebmem upmam tutnutid nanayal tinU .naggnalep adapek amirp gnay nan

ikilimem gnay amirp nagned naggnalep nanigniek nad nahutubek inayalem upmam gnay

ruku kolot nakidajid tubesret laH .asaj sinsib malad aracibreb upmam kutnu gnias ayad

ek naggnalep naayacrepek naktakgninem kutnu nanayal lah malad naahasurep adap

nagned nakgnubuhid surah gnay lah nakapurem nanayalep satilauk utauS .naggnalep

gnitnep halada nial atak nagned ,naggnalep naksaumem nad naggnalep naparah

salumrofmem kutnu aynutnabmem naidumek naggnalep araus nakragnednem naki

aggnihes ,ini naigab adap ijuid asaj irebmep arap lanoiseforp naupmameK .aynnahutubek

.naggnalep naparah nagned iauses surah asaj kudorp naklisahgnem malad nanayal tinu

amiretid gnay apa nakgnidnabmem nagned satilauk ialinem kahreb gnay halnaggnaleP

d halitsi lanekid ini asawed asaj ainud nagnabmekrep malaD .nakparahid gnay na


2

( amirp nanayalep ecnellecxe ecivres lah agit gnudnagnem amirp nanayalep isinifeD .)

adapek nailudepek nagned natiakreb gnay pakis natakednep aynada utiay ,kokop

s aynada ,naggnalep kutnu naujut aynada nad kiabret gnay nakadnit nagned inayalem paki

akitsawS( utnetret nanayal radnats adap isatneiroreb nagned naggnalep naksaumem

.)5002:3

ikilimem halsurah naahasurep kahip amirp gnay nanayalep utaus iapacnem kutnU

,utnetret nalipmaretek ,hamar pakisreb ,ipar nad kiab nalipmanepreb aynaratnaid

,ajrekeb malad gnanet ,inayalem kutnu pais ulales pakis nad ajrek hariag naktahilrepmem

gnay sagut kiab aynnaajrekep iasaugnem ,nakhutubid asarem anerak itah iggnit kadit

d uata naigab adap natiakreb upmam ,aynnial naigab nupuam aynnemetrape

naggnalep taraysi asahab imahamem nad itregnem upmam ,kiab nagned isakinumokreb

nagneD .lanoiseforp araces naggnalep nahulek inagnanem naupmamek ikilimem atres

p haubes nakirebmem kutnu awhab tahilid tapad naikimed adapek amirp gnay nanayale

id tubesret gnay lah aparebeb alib ipateT .hadum gnay naajrekep halnakub naggnalep

taafnam hiarem tapad naka natukgnasreb gnay naahasurep akam ,nakukalid tapad sata

nay naggnalep satilayol nad nasaupek apureb amaturet ,raseb gnay .raseb g

upmam surah asaj nesudorp akam amirp gnay nanayalep takgnit iapacnem kutnU

ikilimid gnay nalipmaretek nagned kiab ,naksaumem araces naggnalep inayalem helo

,naupmamek( nawayrak ,pakis gnat ,nakadnit ,naitahrep ,nalipmanep ,bawaj gnug

satiliaf naklamiskamem nagned nupuam )nahamarek ,natapetek ,natapecek - satilisaf

gnay )napakgnelrep/natalarep atres roiretxe nad roiretni niased ,gnudeg( gnajnunep

tapad nial atak nagned uatA .nemusnok igab nanamaynek naklubminem upmam

nakatakid asaj nesudorp naupmamek adap katelret amirp nanayalep upmut kitit awhab

nagned aynnemusnok adapek lamitpo araces nanayalep nakirebmem kutnu


3

satilisaf naklamiskamem nad ffats arap irad nuapmamek nakgnubaggnem - satilisaf

.gnajnunep

gnay ini naitilenep malaD mureP gnabaC rotnaK halada naitilenep keybo idajnem

ukalep utas halas nakapurem gnay ,gnalameP atok hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP

aynlanoisarepo nataigek malaD .knab non nagnauek gnadib malad karegreb gnay sinsib

areb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK kutnu tutnutid gnalameP atok hayaliw id ad

habasan arap raga aynhabasan arap adapek amirp gnay nanayalep nakirebmem upmam

nanayalep malad aynhotnoC .nakirebid gnay nanayalep nagned naksaupret tapad

s nawayrak arap helo nariskanep natapecek ,gnarab riskanem .tinem amil ratike

tinem hulupes ratikes utkaw nakhutubmem anad nariacnep malad natapecek nakgnadeS

babeS .tinem saleb amil ratikes aynah iadag sesorp malad utkaw nahurulesek idaJ .ajas

ay kaltum gnay lah utaus nakapurem nemusnok nasaupek asaj sinsib malad surah gn

akam habasan nasaupek aynihunepret nagneD .asaj sinsib ukalep helo ihunepid

malaD .habasan arap irad satilayol nad naayacrepek lucnum naka nakparahid

naiadageP mureP ,aynnaggnalep arap igab asaj naaideynep nataigek nakanaskalem

nakpadahid aynutnet .aynlanoisarepo nataigek tukgnaynem gnay halasam aparebeb adap

halasaM - gnay nanayalep padahret naialinep nakbabeynem tapad tubesret halasam

nasaupkaditek asar naklubminem tapad nakhab ,kiab gnaruk idajnem nakirebid

irebid gnay nanayalep padahret naggnalep gnay nanayalep naikimed nagneD .nak

gnalameP atok hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK helo nakirebid

naknikgnumid ,amirp kadit nakirebid gnay nanayalep alibapa babes ,amirp surah

irebid gnay nanayalep nagned naksaupret naka kadit naggnalep naka nad nak

gnabaC rotnaK irad gnilapreb habasan arap anamid fitagen gnay kefe naklubminem

knab non nagnauek agabmel ek gnalameP atok hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP

nay naiaru adap nakrasadreB .amirp hibel gnay nanayalep nakirebmem tapad gnay nial g


4

asilanA“ luduj irebid ini naitilenep akam sata id tubesret gnakaleb ratal malad tapadret

amirP nanayaleP huragneP naiadageP mureP adap iduts( ”naggnaleP nasaupeK padahret

.)gnalameP atoK hayaliW id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK

.B aM nasumuR halas

.1 lebairav hakapA - padahret huragnepreb natlumis araces amirp nanayalep lebairav

hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK adap naggnalep nasaupek

?gnalameP atok

.2 lebairav hakapA - dahret huragnepreb laisrap araces amirp nanayalep lebairav pa

hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK adap naggnalep nasaupek

?gnalameP atok

.3 nasaupek padahret huragnepreb nanimod gnay hakanam amirp nanayalep lebairaV

?gnalameP atok hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK naggnalep

.C naitileneP naujuT

.1 lebairav huragnep iuhategnem nad asilanagnem kutnU - nanayalep malad lebairav

rotnaK adap natlumis araces naggnalep nasaupek padahret huragnepreb amirp

.gnalameP atok hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC

.2 d asilanagnem kutnU lebairav huragnep iuhategnem na - nanayalep malad lebairav

gnabaC rotnaK adap laisrap araces naggnalep nasaupek padahret huragnepreb amirp

.gnalameP atok hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP

.3 lebairav huragnep iuhategnem nad asilanagnem kutnU - d lebairav nanayalep mala

naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK naggnalep nasaupek padahret nanimod gnay amirp

.gnalameP atok hayaliw id adareb gnay


5

.D naitileneP taafnaM

.1 siluneP igaB

kutnu ahasu malad amirp nanayalep naanaskalep gnatnet nasawaw habmaneM

nanayalep huragnep anamiagab iuhategnem nad nemusnok nasaupek iapacnem

.habasan nasaupek padahret naiadagep murep id amirp

.2 nakididneP ainuD igaB

.a nep hanasahk nad iskelok habmaneM nemejanam gnadibid amaturet nauhateg

.asaj irtsudni id amirp nanayalep gnatnet aynsusuhk narasamep

.b ,narasamep nemejanam naitilenep malad nakujur nahab utas halas iagabeS

.nemusnok nasaupek padahret amirp nanayalep huragnep gnatnet aynsusuhk

.3 nI igaB .natukgnasreB gnaY naahasureP uata isnats

nakirebmem ahasu malad tiakret gnay isnatsni igab nagnabmitrep nahab iagabeS

nemusnok nasaupek naktakgninem kutnu amirp gnay nanayalep


6

II BAB

AKATSUP NAIJAK

.A iroeT nasadnaL

.1 narasameP nemejanaM

.narasamep nad nemejanam utiay atak aud irad lasareb narasamep nemejanaM

noitaicossA gnitekraM naciremA :tukireb iagabes narasamep nakitragnem ,0691

kalep halada narasameP gnarab sura nakharaagnem gnay ahasu ainud naanas - gnarab

asaj nad - aynah ini isinefeD .iakamep kahip uata nemusnok ek nesudorp irad asaj

.narasamep nataigek adapirad isubirtsid kepsa naknakenem isgnuf nakgnadeS - isgnuf

atik aggnihes ,naktahilrepid kadit nial nad salej gnay narabmag helorepmem kadit

.narasamep gnatnet pakgnel

,naanacnerep ,sisilana halada narasamep )91:2002( reltoK pilihP turuneM

margorp irad nailadnegnep nad ,isatnemelpmi - kutnu gnacnarid gnay margorp

rep arahilemem nad ,nugnabmem ,nakatpicnem nagned nakgnutnugnem gnay narakut

.naahasurep naujut iapacnem kutnu narasas ilebmep halada nemejanam nakgnadeS

( naanacnerep sesorp gninnalP ( naisasinagrognep ,) gnizinagrO nakareggnep )

( gnitautcA narasameP nemejanaM awhab nakitraid tapad idaJ .nasawagnep nad )

gnay margorp nailadnegnep nad ,naparenep ,naanacnerep ,sisilana iagabes halada

gnay narakutrep naknahatrepmem nad ,nugnabmem ,nakatpicnem kutnu gnacnarid

ed narasas rasap nagned nakgnutnugnem naujut iapacnem kutnu duskam nagn –

.isasinagro naujut

halada narasamep nemejanam awhab naklupmisid tapad sataid naiaru iraD

itupilem gnay nakisasinagroid nad ,nakanacnerid gnay nataigek iagabes

awagnep nakukalid nad agrah napatenep ,gnarab naisubirtsidnep padahret nas


7

nakajibek - tapmet naktapadnem kutnu aynnaujut gnay taubid halet gnay nakajibek

.iapacret tapad narasamep irad amatu naujut raga rasapid

turunem nakgnadeS metsis halada narasamep )4991( notnatS .J mailliW

tid gnay ahasu nataigek irad nahurulesek nakutnenem ,nakanacnerem kutnu nakuju

tapad gnay asaj nad gnarab nakisubirtsidnem nad ,nakisomorpmem ,agrah

iraD .laisnetop ilebmep nupuam ada gnay ilebmep adapek nahutubek naksaumem

gnay naahasurep ahasu pukacnem narasamep awhab tahilret tubesret isinifed ialumid

naksaupid ulrep gnay rutibed nahutubek nakisakifitnedignem nagned nial aratna

awhab napaggnareb notnatS ayntujnaleS .utumreb gnay nanayalep iulalem

.naahasurep nalisahrebek nakutnenem narasamep malad nanayalep nalisahrebek

samep nataigek uti kutnU gnay arac nagned alolekid nad nakisanidrookid surah nara

.kiab

.2 asaj narasamep nemejanaM

turuneM halada asaj naitregnep nakakumegnem )273 : 6002( relleK dna reltoK

gnay nial kahip ek kahip utas helo nakrawatid gnay ajrenik uata nakadnit paites

rp araces .nakilimepek nahadniprep nakbabeynem kadit nad dujuwreb kadit pisni

adap asaJ .)kisif kudorp utaus adap takiret kadit uata takiret tapad asaj iskudorP

malad kudorp niales tuptuo nagned imonoke sativitka hurules halada aynrasad

ismusnokid ,kisif naitregnep aynaudek ,naamasreb taas adap iskudorpid nad

ilebmep igab dujuwreb kadit pisnirp araces nad habmat ialin nakirebmem

awhab nakataynem )913 : 3002( rentiB dna lmahtieZ nakgnadeS .aynamatrep

ada asaj narasamep ijnaj ianegnem hal - ijnaj gnalep adapek taubid gnay surah nad nag

.agajid

gnay utauses halada aynrasad adap asaj akam sata id isinifed aparebeb nakrasadreB

iric iaynupmem - :tukireb iagabes iric


8

.a nemusnok nahutubek ihunemem tapad ipatet ,dujuwreb kadit gnay utaus

.b a nakanuggnem tapad asaj iskudorp sesorp utaus nautnab nakanuggnem kadit uat

kisif kudorp

.c nakilimepek uata kah nahilarep naktabikagnem kadit asaj

.d .asaj anuggnep nagned asaj aideynep aratna iskaretni tapadret

.3 rotkaF - halada asaj narasamep nalisahrebek nakutnenem gnay rotkaf

.a ( kudorP P tcudor )

( kudorP tcudorP irad nahutubek naksaumem kutnu narawat halada )

.naahasurep .aynaudek narupmac uata ,asaj ,gnarab kutnebreb tapad ini narawaT

tapet gnay kudorp nakatpicnem naahasurep anamiagab nakrabmaggnem kudorP

.narasas rasap kutnu gned natiakreB ,kerem nairebmep halada kudorp na

inil nad kudorp satilauk ,urab kudorp nagnabmegnep ,nanimaj ,nasamegnep

.ada gnay kudorp

.b ( agraH P ecir )

( agraH P ecir kutnu nemusnok nakrayabid ulrep gnay gnau halmujes halada )

iagabes agrah tahilem naahasurep akiJ .naahasurep narawat naktapadnem

ulrep gnaY .ayaib iagabes agrah tahilem nemusnok akam ,natapadnep

agrah nakajibek ,agrah napatenep naujut halada nakitahrepid ,nakanugid gnay

.sinsib ainud id agrah nakpatenem anamiagab nad

.c ( tapmeT P ecal )

( tapmeT ecalP kudorp taubmem naahasurep anamiagab halada ) / aynasaj

nakulremem nemusnok akitek tapet gnay isakol nad halmuj malad aidesret

kudorp / hibel kutnU .tubesret asaj imahapid tapad inisid tapmet ,anahredes

malad naahasurep helo nakanugid naka gnay isubirtsid narulas iagabes

.aynkudorp nakisubirtsidnem


9

.d ( isomorP P noitomor )

( isomorP noitomorP nakisakinumokgnem naahasurep anamiagab halada )

kudorp / ulas adapek aynasaj kutnu aynnarasas rasap nad isubirtsid nar

utiay ,3 idajnem nakadebid isomorP .akerem ukalirep nad pakis ihuragnepmem

( idabirp nalaujnep gnilles lanosrep ( assam nalaujnep ,) gnilles ssam nad ,)

( nalaujnep isomorp noitomorp selas .)

rotkaf .4 - uk babeynep rotkaf la kurub asaj nanayalep sati

rotcaf aparbeb tapadreT - idajnem asaj nanayalep satilauk nakbabeynem gnay rotkaf

58:2002( aynukub malad onotpijT ydnaF turunem ,kurub - : itupilem utiay ,)88

.a natlumits araces ismusnok nad iskudorP

asaj kitsiretkarak utas halaS asaj aynitra ,ytilibarapesni halada gnitnep gnay

malad nial atak nagneD .naamasreb taas adap ismusnokid nad iskudorpid

lubmit ayntabikA .naggnalep isitrap naridahek nakhutubid asaj nakirebmem

halasam - nad nesudorp aratna iskaretni nagned nagnubuhes halasam nemusnok

malad nawayrak adap ada nikgnum gnay nagnarukek aparebeB .asaj

inayalem malad nawayrak aynlipmaret kadit ,itrepes nanayalep nakirebmem

atak rutut ,nemusnok abeynem pakisreb uata napos tapad ini laH .nakl

m nemusnok ispesrep padahret ihuragnepmem .asaj nanayalep satilauk ianegne

.b iggnit gnay ajrek aganet satisnetnI

malad uata asaj naiapmaynep malad fisnetni gnay ajrek aganet natabilreteK

utiay ,satilauk adap halasam naklubminem tapad nanayalep nakanaskalem

laH .iggnit gnay satilibairav takgnit - halada aynihuragnepmem asib gnay lah

iauses kadit nakhab uata iadamem gnaruk gnay nahitalep ,hadner gnay hapu

natakgnit revo nrut .iggnit gnay nawayrak

.c .iadamem gnaruk )aratnarep naggnalep( lanretni naggnalep padahret nagnukuD


01

nawayraK enil norf kapurem .asaj nairebmep metsys irad kabmot gnuju na

naktapadnem ulrep akerem ,fitkefe gnay asaj nakirebmem tapad akerem ayapuS

isgnuf irad nagnukud - apureb asib tubesret nagnukuD .nemejanam amatu isgnuf

.isamrofni nad ,nalipmaretek nahitalep ,natalarep

.d gnajneseK na - isakinumok nagnajnesek

tagnas gnay rotcaf nakapurem isakinumok awhab igal irikgnupid tapad kadiT

malad nagnajnesek /PAG idajret aliB .naggnalep nagned katnok malad laisnese

satilauk padahret fitagen ispesrep uata naialinep lubmit naka akam ,isakinumok

.asaj nanayalep

.e amas gnay arac nagned nemusnok nakukalrepmeM

nad naasarep iklimem anerak ,kinu tafisreb gnay aisunam halada nemusnoK

nad lanosrep tafisreb gnay asaj nairebmep nagned iskaretni malaD .lanoisome

nem ini laH .nial naggnalep nagned adebreb naahasurep igab nagnatnat naklubmi

nahutubek imahamem tapad raga - nad laudividni naggnalep susuhk nahutubek

naahasurep nanayalep nagned nagnubuhes nemusnok naasarep imahamem

.akerem padahret

.f nahibelreb araces nanayalep nagnabmegnep uata nasaulreP

utasiD amal nanayalep ayakrepmem uata urab nanayalep naklanekrepmem isis

aynidajret iradnihgnem tapad nad narasamep gnaulep naktakgninem tapad

nanayalep narawanep kaynab uapmalret alib ,ipatet nakA .kurub gnay nanayalep

nanayalep padahret nahabmat nad urab gnay gnay lisah akam ,ada hadus gnay

lubmit nanikgnumek pututret kadit nakhab ,lamitpo utnet muleb helorepid

.asaj nanayalep satilauk ratikes halasam

.g kednep akgnaj sinsib isiV


11

akgnaj kutnu kutnebid gnay asaj nanayalep satilauk kasurem asib ini laH

.gnajnap

.5 habasan nasaupek nad amirp nanayalep naitregneP

.a amirp nanayaleP

utaus halada )2:4002( ataraB turunem iridnes nanayalep naitregneP

aratna gnusgnal iskaretni malad idajret gnay nataigek naturu uata nataigek

sem uata nial gnaro nagned gnaroeses nakaideynem nad ,kisif araces ni

.naggnalep nasaupek

halada amirp nanayaleP kiabret gnay nanayalep utaus malad ihunemem

amirp nanayalep ,nial atak nagneD .naggnalep nahutubek nad naparah

y nanayalep utaus nakapurem gnay nanayaleP .satilauk radnats ihunemem gna

nagned iauses gnay nanayalep utaus halada satilauk radnats ihunemem naparah

uata naggnalep nasaupek nad .takaraysam

utiay ,natiakreb gnilas gnay nemele aud tapadret amirp nanayalep malaD

.satilauk nad nanayalep kutnu gnitnep tagnas tubesret nemele audeK

nakitahrepid helo ,nayalep ,gnagadep ,laujnep( nanayalep aganet uata .)namselas

amirp nanayalep pesnoK tapad ,isnatsni ,isasinagro iagabreb adap nakparetid

.sinsib naahasurep nupuata ,hatniremep

agit gnudnagnem amirp nanayalep isinifed ,) 3:5002( akitsawS turuneM

nailudepek nagned natiakreb gnay pakis natakednep aynada utiay ,kokop lah

p adapek naujut ada nad kiabret gnay nakadnit nagned inayalem ayapu ,naggnale

.utnetret nanayal radnats adap isatneiroreb nagned naggnalep naksaumem kutnu

halsurah naahasurep kahip amirp gnay nanayalep utaus iapacnem kutnU

ynaratnaid ,utnetret nalipmaretek ikilimem ,ipar nad kiab nalipmanepreb a

kutnu pais ulales pakis nad ajrek hariag naktahilrepmem ,hamar pakisreb


21

,nakhutubid asarem anerak itah iggnit kadit ,ajrekeb malad gnanet ,inayalem

uata naigab adap natiakreb gnay sagut kiab aynnaajrekep iasaugnem

nnemetraped ,kiab nagned isakinumokreb upmam ,aynnial naigab nupuam ay

ikilimem atres naggnalep taraysi asahab imahamem nad itregnem upmam

.lanoiseforp araces naggnalep nahulek inagnanem naupmamek

haubes nakirebmem kutnu awhab tahilid tapad naikimed nagneD

nanayalep .hadum gnay naajrekep halnakub naggnalep adapek amirp gnay

naahasurep akam ,nakukalid tapad sata id tubesret gnay lah aparebeb alib ipateT

apureb amaturet ,raseb gnay taafnam hiarem tapad naka natukgnasreb gnay

.raseb gnay naggnalep satilayol nad nasaupek

( amirp nanayalep )3:4002( ataraB turuneM ecnellecxe ecivres 6 irad iridret )

: nial aratna ,kokop rusnu

.1 ( naupmameK ytilibA )

( naupmameK )ytilibA gnay utnetret nalipmaretek nad nauhategnep halada

,amirp nanayalep margorp gnajnunem kutnu nakulrepid kaltum gnay

d naupmamek itupilem a nakanaskalem ,inuketid ajrek gnadib mal

isakinumok itom nakgnabmegnem ,fitkefe gnay nakgnabmegnem nad ,isav

noitaler cilbup nad maladek nagnubuh anibmem malad tnemurtsni iagabes

.naahasurep uata isasinagro raulek

.2 ( pakiS dutittA e )

( pakiS edutittA akitek naklojnotid surah gnay iagnarep uata ukalirep halada )

,isares nad napos gnay nalipmanep itupilem gnay ,naggnalep ipadahgnem

iagrahgnem pakisreb nad ,sigol nad tahes ,fitisop rikipreb

.3 ( nalipmaneP ecnaraeppA )

( nalipmaneP ecnaraeppA tafisreb gnay kiab gnaroeses nalipmanep halada )


31

nakiskelferem upmam gnay ,kisif non uata kisif nupuam ajas kisif

.nial kahip irad satilibiderk nad irid naayacrepek

.4 ( naitahreP noitnettA )

( isneta uata naitahrep ,)032:4002( ataraB turuneM tnetta noi pakis halada )

unem gnay gnaroeses tanim uata utauses padahret nailudepek nakkujn

utauses padahret gnaroeses tanim uata nailudepeK .utauses padahret

idajret gnay nahutubek uata nakiratretek asar anerak lucnum aynasaib

ay isautis huragnp anerak uata aynitah irad nagnorod ada anerak gn

( naitahrep nial atak nagned uata aynipadahid noitnetta nailudepek halada )

naka naitahrep nagned natiakreb gnay kiab ,naggnalep padahret hunep

nad naras sata namahamep nupuam naggnalep nanigniek nad nahutubek

)23:4002 ,ataraB( aynkitirk

.5 ( nakadniT itcA no )

.a ( nakadniT“ ,awhab nakakumegnem )272:4002( ataraB turuneM noitca )

naujut iapacnem kutnu nakukalid gnay utauses uata nataubrep halada

nagned naktiakid aliB .”utauses naklisahgnem kutnu uata utnetret

nakadnit nagned duskamid gnay ,nanayalep naanaskalep halada inisid

ayapu - nakirebmem kutnu nakujutid gnay atayn nataubrep uata ayapu

naka aynutnet gnay ,kiab gnay nanayalep uata rajaw gnay nanayalep

id alib iapacid tapad tapadret nanayal irebmep irid malad fo esnes

edutitta ecivres ahrep naknapedegnem nagned ( nait noitnetta gnay )

( inayalem naupmamek helo gnajnutid ytiliba ecivres nalipmat nad )

( nanayal ecnaraeppa ecivres .kiab gnay )

.b mumU nahatniremeP laredneJ tarotkeriD nahitaleP ludoM turuneM

kadnit natakednep nakrasadreb naggnalep padahret amirp nanayalep na


41

( noitca ,naggnalep nahutubek uata nanasep paites tatacnem“ utiay )

nahutubek nakdujuwem ,naggnalep nahutubek ilabmek naksagenem

akerem naparah nagned hisak amiret nakataynem nad ,naggnalep

.”saup

.6 ( bawaj gnuggnaT ytilibatnuoccA )

( bawaj gnuggnaT tnuoccA ytiliba adapek nakahiprebek pakis utaus halada )

uata nakradnihgnem kutnu nailudepek dujuw utaus iagabes naggnalep

.naggnalep nasaupkaditek uata naigurek naklaminimem

( amirp nanayalep )21:6991( onotpijT turunem nakgnadeS ecnellecxe ecivres )

u 4 irad iridret :nial aratna ,kokop rusn

.1 natapeceK

.2 natapeteK

.3 nahamareK

.4 nanamayneK

.b habasan nasaupeK

:utiay ,ilha aparebeb turunem nasaupek naitregneP

onotpijT ydnaF ,notliW nad esT malad( nakisinifednem )641:6991

fitingok naialinep uata radas araces isaulave iagabes nemusnok nasaupek

kudorp hakapa uata kelej uata sugab fitaler kudorp ajrenik hakapa tukgnaynem

.aynnaiakamep nagned kococ kadit uata kococ natukgnasreb

turuneM reltoK pilihP 91( nemusnok nasaupek awhab nakatagnem )64:89

haubes ajrenik imalagnem gnay ilebmep helo nakasarid gnay lisah halada

ualak saup asarem nemusnoK .aynnaparah nagned iauses gnay naahasurep

akerem naparah akij aribmeg tagnas asarem nad ihunepret akerem naparah

ret ilebmem ,amal hibel layol patet gnurednec saup gnay nemusnoK .iuapmal


51

aynnaaracibmep nad agrah nahaburep padahret akep gnaruk ,kaynab hibel

.naahasurep nakgnutnugnem

utiay ,nasaupek ianegnem naksalejnem )64:3002( ataraB ayntujnaleS

radnats nakutnenem malad uata kudorp taubmep naahasurep kahip ,nasaupek

akerem nakarikrepmem upmam naka aynah asaj - abocnem nad ,akerem

ek aynasaj uata gnarab kudorp nakharagnem nemusnok nasaupek hara

id gnay ulal asam id naggnalep napaggnat nakrasadreb uata tesir lisah irad tapad

.naitilenep

isinifed iraD - ,sata id isinifed nasaupek awhab naklupmisid tapad uata

naparah aratna nagnajnesek/naadebrep nakapurem habasan nasaupkaditek

.nailebmep haletes nakasarid gnay lisah uata ajrenik nagned nailebmep mulebes

.B aynmulebeS naitileneP

.1 I kopeD samseksuP neisaP nasaupeK padahret nanayaleP satilauK huragneP sisilanA

namelS id

helo nakirebid gnay nanayalep hakapa iuhategneM halada naitileneP naujuT

.neisap naparah nagned iauses hadus atrakaygoY namelS I kopeD samseksuP

nad )x( tnednepedni lebairav iagabes nanayalep satilauK halada naitileneP lebairaV

.)y( tnedneped lebairav iagabes neisap nasaupek

I kopeD samseksuP nakirebid gnay nanayalep satilauk halada aynnaitileneP lisaH

em aynhunepes muleb nupiksem atrakaygoY namelS ipatet neisap naparah ihunem

.kiab pukuc hadus

.2 .rd VI .kT tikaS hamuR id tawareP nanayaleP satilauK irad uajnitid neisaP nasaupeK

enopmataW nisaY .M


61

helo nakasarid gnay nasaupek takgnit iuhategnem kutnu halada naitileneP naujuT

upuam kiab iulalem neisap helo nakirebid gnay nanayalep satilauk aynkurub n

.enopmataW nisaY .M .rd VI .kT tikaS hamuR

tnednepedni lebairav iagabes tawarep nanayalep satilauK halada naitileneP lebairaV

.)y( tnedneped lebairav iagabes neisap nasaupek nad )x(

ubuh adA halada aynlisaH nagned tawarep nanayalep satilauk aratna fitisop nagn

kiab nikameS .enopmataW nisaY .M .rd VI .kT tikaS hamuR id neisap nasaupek

nanayalep satilauk gnay nasaupek iggnit nikames akam tawarep nakirebid gnay

igeB .tubesret tikas hamur id neisap helo nakasarid kurub nikames aynkilabes alup ut

nasaupek alup hadner nikames akam tawarep nakirebid gnay nanayalep satilauk

.tubesret tikas hamur id neisap nakasarid gnay

.3 sisilanA padahret nemusnoK nasaupeK nagnidnabreP adaP nanayaleP satilauK

ned teramodnI tekraminiM isakeB kerggnA anoseP skelpmoK id tramaflA nag

nemusnok nasaupek nagnidnabrep iuhategnem kutnu halada naitileneP naujuT

.tramaflA nad teramodnI tekraminiM nakirebid gnay nanayalep satilauk iulalem

kraminim adap nanayalep satilauK halada naitileneP lebairaV nagned teramodnI te

nemusnok nasaupek nagnidnabrep nad )x( tnednepedni lebairav iagabes tramaflA

.)y( tnedneped lebairav iagabes

:halada naitilenep lisaH

.a nemusnok nasaupek nagned teramodnI nemusnok nasaupek naadebrep aynadA

isnemid adap tramaflA snopser ,ssenevi elbignat ,yhtapme ,ecnarussa adap gnades

audek anerak nakifingis gnay naaadebrep nakumetid kadit naladnahek isnemid

.naitilenep nakadaid haletes amas ripmah gnay satilisaf ikilimem ini tekraminim

.b rotkaF - nemusnok nasaupek nakadebmem gnay rotkaf teramodnI tekraminim

:tukireb iagabes halada tramaflA nagned


71

)1 id gnay satilisaF id ikilim nanayalep nakirebmem malad

)2 isakol nautneneP

)3 nakirebid gnay nanayaleP

naitileneP lautpesnoK akgnareK

naitileneP niaseD .C

a ianegnem narabmag helorepmem kutnu nakukalid ini naitileneP satilauk sisilan

gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP adap asaj nanayalep nanayalep satilauk hakapa nad

kahip helo nakirebid gnay naiadageP mureP gnay nasaupek takgnit nakirebmem hadus

pakiS

nalipmaneP

habasaN nasaupeK naitahreP

nakadniT

gnuggnaTbawaJ

nanamayneKnnnnn

naupmameK


81

helo nakasarid tapad gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP habasan niaseD . naitilenep

gid gnay fitpirksed naitilenep edotem halada ini rihkA saguT naitilenep malad nakanu

edotem utaus halada sisilana fitpirksed naitilenep ,)42:3002( onoyiguS turuneM .sisilana

ianegnem aynsusuhk ,aynranebes gnay naadaek nakrabmaggnem gnay atad nalibmagnep

rotkaf - kaf id helorepid gnay atad anamid ,itiletid gnay rot id ,naklupmuk id nad ,nusus

.nasutupek libmagnem kutnu sisilanaid naidumek nakiaru

kutnu nakduskamid ini fitpirksed sisilana arac nagned naitilenep nagnacnaR

lauk anamiagab susuhk narabmag nagned naksalejnem mureP adap asaj nanayalep sati

.gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP

.D sisetopiH nasumuR

sisetopih aparebeb nakujagnem itilenep akam ,ada gnay nahalasamrep nakrasadreB

naksumurid gnay halasam sata aratnemes nabawaj iagabes :tukireb iagabes

H1 : P nayale aces amirp na natlumis ar adap naggnalep nasaupek padahret huragnepreb

.gnalameP atok hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK

H2 : P ayale laisrap araces amirp nan adap naggnalep nasaupek padahret huragnepreb

yaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK .gnalameP atok ha

H3 : nanayaleP nasaupek padahret nanimod gnay huragnep ikilimem nakadnit

atok hayaliw id adareb gnay naiadageP mureP gnabaC rotnaK naggnalep

.gnalameP


91

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.A naitileneP sineJ

nakapurem ini naitileneP gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP rotnaK adap susak iduts .

nakanugid gnay atad nakgnadeS malad remirp ataD .remirp atad halada naitilenep

nupuam renoiseuk nakanuggnem nagned naiadagep habasan irad gnusgnal helorepid

.aracnawaw

.B naitileneP keybO nad keybuS

halada ini naitilenep malad naitilenep keybuS ,gnalameP naiadageP mureP habasan

bo nakgnades )x( tnednepedni lebairav iagabes amirp nanayalep halada aynnaitilenep key

.)y( tnedneped lebairav iagabes habasan nasaupek nad

.C naitileneP isakoL

halada naitilenep isakoL gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP

.D lanoisarepO isinifeD nad naitileneP lebairaV

B idajnem amirp nanayalep nakgnabmegnem itilenep tubesret nasalejnep adap nakrasadre

: nial aratana ,lebairav 7

.1 ( naupmameK ytilibA )

( naupmameK )ytilibA ret nalipmaretek nad nauhategneP halada kaltum gnay utnet

naupmamek itupilem gnay ,amirp nanayalep margorp gnajnunem kutnu nakulrepid

da isakinumok nakanaskalem ,inuketid ajrek gnadib mal ,fitkefe gnay

itom nakgnabmegnem nakgnabmegnem nad ,isav noitaler cilbup tnemurtsni iagabes


02

ubuh anibmem malad ,natakeC .naahasurep uata isasinagro raulek nad maladek nagn

.gnarab nariskanep malad itilet atres natapetek nad natapecek ,lipmaret

.2 ( pakiS edutittA )

( pakiS edutittA akitek naklojnotid surah gnay iagnarep uata ukalireP halada )

aggnalep ipadahgnem rikipreb ,isares nad napos gnay nalipmanep itupilem gnay ,n

iagrahgnem pakisreb nad ,sigol nad tahes ,fitisop

.3 ( nalipmaneP ecnaraeppA )

( nalipmaneP ecnaraeppA ajas kisif tafisreb gnay kiab gnaroeses nalipmaneP halada )

mam gnay ,kisif non uata kisif nupuam nad irid naayacrepek nakiskelferem up

.nial kahip irad satilibiderk

.4 ( naitahreP noitnettA )

( isneta uata naitahreP noitnetta padahret nailudepek nakkujnunem gnay pakis halada )

gnaroeses tanim uata nailudepeK .utauses padahret gnaroeses tanim uata utauses

gnay nahutubek uata nakiratretek asar anerak lucnum aynasaib utauses padahret

p anerak uata aynitah irad nagnorod ada anerak idajret e gnay isautis huragn

( naitahrep nial atak nagned uata aynipadahid noitnetta hunep nailudepek halada )

iab ,naggnalep padahret nad nahutubek naka naitahrep nagned natiakreb gnay k

.aynkitirk nad naras sata namahamep nupuam naggnalep nanigniek

.5 ( nakadniT noitcA )

( nakadniT noitca iapacnem kutnu nakukalid gnay utauses uata nataubrep halada )

utnetret naujut naklisahgnem kutnu uata utauses naanaskalep nagned naktiakid aliB .

ayapu halada inisid nakadnit nagned duskamid gnay ,nanayalep - nataubrep uata ayapu

gnay nanayalep uata rajaw gnay nanayalep nakirebmem kutnu nakujutid gnay atayn

id alib iapacid tapad naka aynutnet gnay ,kiab malad nanayal irebmep irid

tapadret edutitta ecivres fo esnes ( naitahrep naknapedegnem nagned noitnetta gnay )


12

( inayalem naupmamek helo gnajnutid ytiliba ecivres ( nanayal nalipmat nad ) ecivres

ecnaraeppa .kiab gnay )

.6 ( bawaj gnuggnaT ytilibatnuoccA )

( bawaj gnuggnaT ytilibatnuoccA naggnalep adapek nakahiprebek pakis utauS halada )

naigurek naklaminimem uata nakradnihgnem kutnu nailudepek dujuw utaus iagabes

.naggnalep nasaupkaditek uata

.7 ( nanamayneK ssenhserF )

uata nagnaur nahisrebek halada nanamayneK rotnak satilisaf aynaidesret ,tekol

nial nad,saul gnay rikrap ,uggnut gnaur ,isivelet :itrepes - .nial

.8 habasan nasaupeK

asaj ajrenik padahret habasan kednep akgnaj lanoisome iskaer halada nasaupeK

.utnetret

.9 amirp nanayaleP

amirp nanayaleP nanayal nakirebmem nagned naggnalep adapek nailudepek halada

nakdujuwem nad nahutubek nahunemep nahadumek isatilisafmem kutnu kiabret

.isasinagro uata naahasurep adapek layol ulales akerem raga ,aynnasaulek

.E lepmaS nad isalupoP

nakukalid ini naitileneP hayaliw id hagneT awaJ haread lepmas hilimem nagned apureb

atok/netapubak meP nad ,sifargoeg ,imonoke kitsiretkarak ilikawem naka gnay gnala

halada ini naitilenep malad isalupop ,naikimed nagneD .sifargomed mureP habasan

alameP atok id adareb gnay naiadageP gn . J aka gnay lepmas halmu halmujreb libmaid n

03 habasan id iskasnartreb uata asaj nakanuggnem gnires gnay gnabaC naiadageP mureP

.gnalameP


22

.F lepmaS nalibmagneP kinkeT

nakanuggnem lepmas nalibmagneP gnilpmas evisoprup utiay , lepmas nakiranep kinket

gnay isalupop nemele padahret nakpatetid gnay kitsiretkarak nakrasadreb nakukalid

.naitilenep halasam uata naujut nagned nakiausesid gnay tegrat utauses uata gnaroeseS

utauses uata gnaroeses awhab paggnagnem itilenep anerak lepmas iagabes libmaid

.aynnaitilenep igab nakulrepid gnay isamrofni ikilimem tubesret

.G ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT

ay renoisiuk nagned utiay iakapid gnay atad nalupmugnep edoteM iagabreb isireb gn

gnisam rotakidni nagned natiakreb gnay naaynatrep - fitanretla nagned lebairav gnisam

iakapid gnay nemurtsnI .ujutes tagnas nagned iapmas ujutes kadit tagnas irad nabawaj

id nagned renoisiuk naisignep halada atad nalibmagnep malad aw udnap aracnaw

utiay ,gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP isatnemukod nad nednopser nagned gnusgnal

gnabaC naiadageP rotnaK .0191 nuhat adap iridreb gnalameP naiadageP mureP rotnaK

rotnaK malad ini taas naD .581.on namriduS laredneJ nalaj id katelret iridnes gnalameP

hurusep utas ,nawayrak ffats agit ,gnabac rejanam utas tapadret iridnes gnalameP gnabaC

.maptas uata malam agajnep utas nad ,rotnak

.H nemurtsnI naijugneP kinkeT

.renoiseuk satilibailer iju nad satidilav iju nakanuggnem nemurtsni naijugnep kinkeT

)a ijU satidilav

nemurtnI .nakanugid gnay ruku tala nahihasek nad naladnaek takgnit halada satidilaV

kutnu nakanugrepid gnay ruku tala nakkujnunem itrareb dilav nakatakid naktapadnem

ruku id aynsurahes gnay apa rukugnem kutnu nakanugid tapad uata dilav uti atad

nemurtsni nakapurem dilav gnay nemurtsni ,naikimed nagneD .)731:4002 ,onoyiguS(


32

raneb gnay - satidilav ijU .ruku id kadneh gnay apa rukugnem kutnu tapet raneb

anugreb naataynrep ada hakapa iuhategnem kutnu - ay renoiseuk adap naataynrep gn

uata gnaubid surah naveler kadit paggnaid anerak itnagid .

)b satilibailer ijU

ugreb satilibailer ijU ini lah malad gnay nemurtsni hakapa nakpatenem kutnu an

amas gnay nednopser helo kadit gnilap ,ilak utas irad hibel nakanugid tapad renoiseuk

nemurtsni satilibailer ,nial atak nagneD .netsisnok gnay atad naklisahgnem naka

.isnetsisnok takgnit nakiricnem

.I ataD sisilanA kinkeT

satilibailer iju nad satidilav iju halada nakanugid gnay atad asilana edoteM

gnay renoiseuk isaruka iuhategnem kutnu halada ini naijugnep irad naujuT .renoiseuk

nil iserger nad anahredes iserger nakanuggnem ini naitileneP .nakrabesid .adnagreb rei

babes nagnubuh nakutnenem kutnu edotem utas halas itrareb iridnes isergeR

tubesid asib babeynep lebairaV .aynnial lebairav nagned utas lebairav aratna tabika

bairav nakapurem ini lebairav audeK .Y itrarab tabika lebairav nakgnades ,X lebairav le

.modnar uata kaca

aratna nagnubuhgnep naijugnep nakukalem kutnu nakanugid raenil isergeR

tnednepedni lebairav aparebeb uata utas nagned )gnutnagret( tnedneped lebairav haubes

dneped lebairav akiJ .iserger naamasrep kutneb malad naklipmatid gnay )sabeb( tne

naklisahid gnay iserger naamasrep ,ajas tnednepedni lebairav utas nagned nakgnubuhid

tnednepedni lebairav akiJ .anahredes raenil iserger halada - akam ,utas irad hibel ayn

coc gnay atad sineJ .adnagreb raenil iserger naamasrep halada ayniserger naamasrep ko

kutnebreb atad nagned aguj asib numaN .oisar atad halada raenil iserger iju kutnu

.lebairav nagned utnabid surah ipatet ,)irogetak( fitatilauk


42

: tukireb iagabes halada anahredes iserger sumur nupadA

xb + a = Y

: anamiD tnedneped( gnutnagret lebairav = Y )

sabeb lebairav = X

atnatsnok ialin = a

iserger hara neisifeok = b

: tukireb iagabes halada adnagreb raenil iserger sumur nakgnadeS

Xb + a = Y 1 Xc + 2 Xk +....... + k

adnagreb raenil iserger sisilana nakanuggnem 3 nad 1.on halasam nasumur adaP

anahredes iserger sisilana nakanuggnem 2.on halasam nasumur adap nakgnadeS


52

VI BAB

naitileneP keybuS mumU narabmaG

.A naiadageP takgnis harajeS

)COV( adnaleB nahajajneP hatniremeP taas adap ialumid naiadageP harajeS

tiderk nakirebmem gnay nagnauek agabmel utiay GNINEEL NAV KNAB nakiridnem

iadag metsis nagned L . 02 laggnat adap aivataB id nakiridid ilak amatrep ini agabme

.6471 sutsugA adnaleB nagnat irad aisenodnI naasaukek hila libmagnem sirggnI akiteK

1181( - irebid takaraysam nad ,nakrabubid hatniremep kilim gnineeL naV knaB )6181

su nakiridnem kutnu naasaulelek hatniremep irad isnesil tapadnem lasa naiadagep aha

tapmetes haread )leslets eitneceil( gnagemep ,kurub kapmadreb tubesret edotem numaN .

gnaruk nakasarid gnay tarad hatnil uata rinetner ketkarp naknalajnem isnesil

sirggnI( asaukreb hatniremep nakgnutnugnem edotem ,uti anerak helO .) leslets eitneceil

gnay mumu adapek nakirebid naiadagep nairidnep utiay leslets htcap idajnem itnagid

.hatniremep adapek iggnit gnay kajap nakrayabmem upmam

edotem uata alop ,ilabmek asaukreb adnaleB taas adaP leslets htcap patet

ataynret kah gnagemep anamid amas gnay kapmad naklubminem nad naknahatrepid

ayntujnaleS .aynsinsib naknalajnem malad nagneweleynep nakukalem kaynab

nagned tubesid gnay apa nakparenem adnaleB aidniH hatniremep ’leslets rutluc‘ anamid

ep gnatnet naijak malad nataigek aynkiabes halada nakakumekid gnay naras ,naiadag

nad nagnudnilrep nakirebmem tapad raga hatniremep helo iridnes inagnatid naiadagep

,tubesret naitilenep lisah nakrasadreB .takaraysam igab raseb hibel gnay taafnam

aulegnem adnaleB aidniH hatniremep teraM 21 laggnat 131 .oN )lbtS( dalbstaatS nakr

nad hatniremeP iloponom nakapurem naiadageP ahasu awhab rutagnem gnay 1091


62

,)taraB awaJ( imubakuS id amatrep arageN naiadageP nakiridid 1091 lirpA 1 laggnat

abes itagnirepid lirpA 1 laggnat paites ayntujnales .naiadageP nuhat gnalu irah iag

gnay naiadageP natawaJ tasuP rotnaK gnudeg ,gnapeJ nakududnep asam adaP

tasuP rotnaK nad gnarep nanawat tapmet nakidajid 261 ayaR tamarK nalaJ id katelret

kaynab kadiT .231 ayaR tamarK nalaJ ek nakhadnipid naiadageP natawaJ nahaburep

rutkurtS nupuam nakajibek isis irad kiab ,gnapeJ nahatniremep asam adap idajret gnay

tubesid gnapeJ asahaB malad naiadageP natawaJ .naiadageP natawaJ isasinagrO ijtiS‘

’ukuykiegiE manreb gnay gnapeJ gnaro helo gnagepid naiadageP natawaJ nanipmiP , a

onhO - .irabuaS .M amanreb gnay imubirp gnaro aynlikaw nagned naS

eP natawaJ rotnaK ,aisenodnI kilbupeR nahatniremep lawa asam adaP naiadag

gnaraK ek hadnip tapmes suret naik gnay gnarep isautis anerak )nemubeK( raynA

dek gnay adnaleB retilim isergA .sanamem naiadageP natawaJ rotnaK askamem au

natawaJ rotnaK naakedremek gnarep acsap ,ayntujnaleS .gnalegaM ek igal hadnipid

hatniremeP helo alolekid ilabmek naiadageP nad atrakaJ ek igal ilabmek naiadageP

aparebeb hadus naiadageP ini asam malaD .aisenodnI kilbupeR utiay ,sutats habureb ilak

nakrasadreb naidumek ,1691 iraunaJ 1 kajes )NP( arageN naahasureP iagabes

nakrasadreb ayntujnales ,)NAJREP( natawaJ naahasureP idajnem 9691/7.oN.PP

idajnem igal habureb )0002/301.oN.PP nagned iurahabrepid gnay( 0991/01.oN.PP

reP .gnarakes aggnih )MUREP( mumU naahasu

helo nakasarid nikames taafnam ,nuhat sutares irad hibel halet naiadageP aisu iniK

isim awabmem naahasurep nupiksem ,takaraysam noitagilbo ecivres cilbup ataynret ,

ngis gnay isubirtnok nakirebmem upmam hisam naahasurep kajap kutneb malad nakifi

aynnial nagnauek agabmel satiroyam taasid ,hatniremeP adapek nagnutnuek igab nad

.nakgnutnugnem kadit gnay isautis malad adareb


72

.B macaM - :utiay ,naiadagep helo nakrawatid gnay asaj macam

.1 m nagned tapec nagned gnau nakmajnimeM gnarab nakiadaggne - gnay idabirp gnarab

.agrahreb pukuc

adneb apureb naklasa aynkutneb nupapa ,nanuga awabmem nagned aynaH

,irid satitnedi atres nakilimepek tarus nagned ipakgnelid gnay simonoke ialinreb

in nagned iauses namajnip naktapadnem asib gnaroeses .tubesret gnarab nariskat ial

pR irad ialin gnatner malad namajnip nakajibek ikilimem naiadageP mureP

.irah 51 paites nakukalrebid agnub nagnutihreP .iadag tarus/atuj 02 pR iapmas 000.5

em gnay iadaggnep ,naikimed nagneD ulrep aynah 000.04 pR rasebes gnau amiren

ayngnarab subenem asib alib nesrep 52,1 namajnip agnub sulp kokop rayabmem

.irah 51 asam mulebes

igab hadumret naiaseleynep fitanretla nakirebmem ulales naiadageP mureP

S .tiderk rayabmem malad )iadaggnep( majnimep habasan igab natapmesek ada ulale

agnub rayabmem uata ,kokop licicnem ,namajnip asam gnajnaprepmem kutnu

.naknabrep isutitsni id tiderk namajnip anaras nagned naikimed kadiT .ajas namajnip

nreb kutnu abocnem uata gnajnaprepmem akgnar malad tilus hibel nakA isaisoge

nasanulep ayapu nakukalem kadit habasan anam aliB .habasan gnatuh ianegnem

naiadageP mureP ,tiderk rumu gnajnaprepmem alup kadit nad ilakes amas tiderk

gnalel gnau naktapadnem kah irebid hisam habasaN .naiadag gnarab gnalelem naka

nalel lisah akij ladom awes habmatid kokop gnatuh ialin ihibelem amiretid gnay g

uti lah ,habasan nabijawek irad licek hibel gnalel lisah akij naD .gnalel ayaib nad

.naiadageP mureP gnuggnatid surah gnay okisir idajnem

.2 HNO samE nioK nalaujneP

kutnu nakanugid asib gnay niok kutnebreb gnay same halada HNO samE nioK

ilebmem laggniT .aynilebmep igab ijah igrep anad napaisrep naujut niok halmujes


82

nupuam ajas ilakes kiab ,)tareb nahilip iagabreb malad aidesret gnay( HNO same

iok haleteS .nitur araces 052 ratikes aynasaib( ipukucnem paggnaid HNO same n - 003

iulalem ijah haamej nolac iagabes nakratfadid naka sitamoto araces akam ,)marg

aguj habasan ,same aguj aynaman ,ijah kutnu nialeS .)taoksiS( udapreT ijaH metsiS

satsevni naujut kutnu same ilebmem asib .ijah kutnu ulales surah kadit nad ,nial i

.3 gnarab napitinep asaJ

kiab hibel ,amal gnay utkaw akgnaj malad hamur naklaggninem naka aliB

gnarab nakpitinem - asaj ikilimem aguj naiadageP anerak inI .naiadageP id gnarab

.naktaafnam asib gnay gnarab napitinep napitinep asaj ikilimid gnay naluggnueK

gnarab ,uakgnajret tagnas aynfirat niales awhab halada naiadagep - id gnay gnarab

.isnarusa helo ignudnilid aguj nakpitit

.4 isaerK

orkiM ahasU adapek nakirebid gnay ,AISUDIF metsis nagned tiderk halada isaerK

liceK .aynahasu nakgnabmegnem kutnu )MKMU( hagneneM nad

.5 adisarK

malad( licek nad orkim ahasugnep arap adapek namajnip nairebmep halada adisarK

namajnip nailabmegnep nagned iadag rasad sata )ahasu nagnabmegnep akgnar

.narusgna emsinakem iulalem nakukalid

.6 aG hairayS iad

pisnirp adap naksadnalreb gnay iadag asaj kudorp halada hairays iadaG - pisnirp

ayaib( horaji nad isartsinimda ayaib tugnupid naka aynah habasan anamid ,hairays

.)nanimaj gnarab naarahilemep nad napmis asaj

.7 mukuh rasad sata namajnip nairebmeP )iadag asaj( iadag , tiderk nakapurem utiay

id aggnih 000.01 pR irad ianut gnau namajnip nakirebmem nagned kednep akgnaj

,aggnat hamur tala ,niak( karegreb adneb nanimaj nagned ,atuj 02 .pR sata


92

.naaradnek ,same/nasaihrep ,kinortkele

.8 hairays rasad sata namajnip nairebmeP

rakut tala iagabes gnau nakpatenem ini hairays rasad sata namajnip aynrasad adaP

kutnu sinsib nakukalem nad ,nakgnagadrepid gnay itidomok iagabes nakub

dag amireneP .lisah igab uata nad asaj sata nalabmi helorepmem tubesid ia mihatuM ,

itkuB taruS naktapadnem naka nhaR majnimem majnip daka nagned tukireb )iadag(

( tapmeT aweS dakA nad hairayS iadaG dakA tubesid gnay harajI akgnaj aliB .)

( nanuga iujuteynem iadaggnep akam gnajnaprepid kadit daka utkaw nuhram )

d aynkilim helo lauji nihatrum aweS dakA nakgnadeS .namajnip isanulem anug

( tapmeT horaji iadag amirenep nagned iadaggnep aratna natakapesek nakapurem )

nakanegnem naka iadag amirenep nad nanapmiynep kutnu tapmet aweynem kutnu

.napmis asaj

.9 nalaujnep nad iskudorP takifitres nagned same okot inkay ,)42 irelaG( same

halada 42 irelag id laujid gnay nasaihreP .aynnasaihrep esatarak iauses nanimaj

namalagnep nagneD .same nasaihrep iskudorp tinu ahasu irad lisah nakapurem

ep akam ,1091 nuhat kajes same esatarak ijugnem nanayal kudorp irad same nasaihr

.ilebmep adapek nailsaek nanimaj irebmem ini

.01 gnadug naawesreP

napmiynem kutnu nakanugid aynaides gnay nanapmiynep tapmet nad gnaduG

ada takaraysam helo nakiadagid gnay gnarab aynalak ruggnagnem satisapak tapadret

tnu akam aynnaanuggnep isasilamitpo ku uata naawesrep asaj kutnu naktaafnamid

.gnarab napitinep anaras iagabes

.11 ,gnaleL ialaB padahret gnalel nataigek nakanaskalem gnay asaj ahasu nakapurem

hanat ,ytreporp ,nasaihrep gnarab nial nad - gnarab nupadA .takaraysam adapek nial

y gnarab nakapurem tubesret gnalelid naka gnay ahasu nadab helo nakasaukid gna


03

takaraysam uata P kahip adapek .naiadage

.C eP isasinagrO rutkurtS naiadag


13

V BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH

.nednopser idajnem isapisitrapreb gnalameP naiadageP mureP habasan 03 kaynabeS

malad nakgnautid gnay naataynrep halmujes padahret nabawaj nakirebmem akereM

abawaj nakrasadreB .renoiseuk asilana nakukalem itilenep aynn kutnu huragnep isaulavegnem

.laisrap nupuam natlumis araces naggnalep nasaupek padahret amirp nanayalep

lisaH - aparebeb nakitkubmem kutnu ini bab malad nakiaruid naka tubesret lisah

,nemurtsni naijugnep lisah naiaru :itupilem nial aratna ,nakujaid gnay sisetopih lisah

.adnagreb iserger naijugnep lisah nad ,fitpirksed naijugnep

.A nemurtsnI naijugneP lisaH

abes renoiseuk naanuggneP utnabmem tagnas atad lupmugnep nemurtsni iag

nakbabeynem ini arac ,numaN .nagnapal id nanamaynek tapecrepmem malad itilenep

gnaruk gnay renoiseuK .renoiseuk satilauk adap gnutnagret lupmukret gnay atad satilauk

ad isamrofni nagnudnak nakbabeynem tapad kiab aynkilabes ,saib idajnem atad mal

.saib kadit isamrofni nagnudnak nimajnem kiab gnay renoiseuk

kutnu renoiseuk nakayalek isaulavegnem kutnu nakduskamid nemurtsni naijugneP

h alib ,satilibailer nad satidilav naijugnep iulalem nakukaliD .nakanugid a lav aynlis nad di

.kayal kadit itrareb aynkilabes nad ,iakapid kutnu kayal renoiseuk itrareb lebailer

.1 satidilaV ijU lisaH

)naupmamek( 1x lebairav malad amatrep naaynatrep satidilav naijugnep lisaH

hibel ,485.0 rasebes neisifeok naktapadnem tnemom naupmamek isalerok nagned

r naheloreP .)%5=α ,83=fd( 832.0 rasebes lebat_r ialin irad raseb - r > gnutih - lebat


23

ngned iauses rukugnem lisahreb natukgnasreb gnay naaynatrep nakadnanem

nakaynatid gnay rotakidni .)2002 ,idaH onsirtuS( dilav nakataynid aggnihes ,

aumes nakkujnunem 1.4 lebat malad naktahilrepid gnay naijugnep lisaH

.dilav nakataynid aggnihes ,932.0 irad hibel isalerok neisifeok ikilimem naaynatrep

uk malad naaynatrep aumes akam ini lisah nakrasadreB nakanugid naka renoise

.naitilenep atad libmagnem kutnu

nemurtsnI satidilaV ijU lisaH 1.4 lebaT

lebairaV metI r- yx r- lebat

)%5=α ,82=fd(

.teK

naparaH

naupmameK 1 485.0 932.0 dilaV

2 966.0 932.0 dilaV

3 637.0 932.0 dilaV

4 765.0 932.0 dilaV

5 805.0 932.0 dilaV

pakiS 1 855.0 932.0 dilaV

2 185.0 932.0 dilaV

3 627.0 932.0 dilaV

4 714.0 932.0 dilaV

5 215.0 932.0 dilaV


33

nalipmaneP 1 285.0 932.0 dilaV

2 585.0 932.0 dilaV

3 486.0 932.0 dilaV

4 366.0 932.0 dilaV

5 874.0 932.0 dilaV

naitahreP 1 984.0 932.0 dilaV

2 424.0 932.0 dilaV

3 607.0 932.0 dilaV

4 325.0 932.0 dilaV

5 684.0 932.0 dilaV

nakadniT 1 557.0 932.0 dilaV

2 484.0 932.0 dilaV

3 397.0 932.0 dilaV

4 624.0 932.0 dilaV

5 464.0 932.0 dilaV

bawaJ gnuggnaT 1 034.0 932.0 dilaV

2 125.0 932.0 dilaV

3 276.0 932.0 dilaV


43

4 305.0 932.0 dilaV

5 967.0 932.0 dilaV

nanamayneK 1 505.0 932.0 dilaV

2 364.0 932.0 dilaV

3 405.0 932.0 dilaV

4 394.0 932.0 dilaV

5 884.0 932.0 dilaV

.2 satilibaileR ijU lisaH

surah aguj naaynatrep ,dilav uata rukugnem naupmamek ikilimem surah nialeS

iju nagned nakukalid halet ini padahret isaulavE .imahapid kutnu nalibatsek ikilimem

:rasebes neisifeok naktapadnem aynlisah ,hcabnorC ahplA

nemurtsnI satilibaileR lisaH 2.4 lebaT

.oN lebairaV ahplA neisifeoK r- lebat

)%5=α ,82=fd(

nagnareteK

1 naupmameK 118.0 832.0 lebailer

2 pakiS 677.0 832.0 lebailer

3 nalipmaneP 208.0 832.0 lebailer


53

4 naitahreP 47.0 832.0 lebailer

5 nakadniT 888.0 832.0 lebailer

6 bawaJ gnuggnaT 297.0 832.0 lebailer

7 nanamayneK 427.0 832.0 lebailer

8 habasaN nasaupeK 818.0 832.0 lebailer

.B fitpirkseD naijugneP lisaH

naiadageP mureP helo nakirebid gnay nanayalep padahret habasan napaggnaT

araceS .lupmukret gnay renoiseuk nabawaj roks irad nakrabmagid tapad gnalameP

uata kiab gnay napaggnat nakisakidnignem iggnit nabawaj roks nagned nednopser mumu

yalep padahret fitisop gnaruk nakisakidnignem licek nabawaj roks aynkilabeS .nana

.fitisop

1 utiay renoiseuk malad nakanugid gnay nabawaj alaks nagned iauseS - roks akam ,5

halet lupmukret gnay )nabawaj( ataD .3 narasik adap alib gnades nakrisfatid nabawaj

3.4 lebat malad naktahilrepid aynlisah nad fitpirksed kitsitats nagned ijuid

isaH 3.4 lebaT fitpirkseD naijugneP l

retemaraP naupmameK pakiS nalipmaneP naitahreP nakadniT gnuggnaT

bawaJ nanamayneK naeM 0028.3 3339.3 7661.4 3318.3 3398.3 3376.3 3350.4

.dtSnoitaiveD 32434.0 76374.0 70155.0 50525.0 13275.0 10685.0 13236.0

ecnairaV 02.2 00.2 00.2 04.2 02.2 00.3 06.2 muminiM 08.2 08.2 00.3 06.2 08.2 08.1 04.2 mumixaM 00.5 08.4 00.5 00.5 00.5 08.4 00.5

remirp atad naijugnep lisaH : rebmuS


63

.1 naupmameK lebairaV

lamep naiadageP mureP nawayrak naupmamek nakujnunem 3.4 lebaT malad gna

sret habasan inayalem atar rok - 28.3 rasebes atar ≈ 1 nabawaj alaks malaD .4 – 5

nakaynatid gnay isik nagned iauseS .fitisop pukuc napaggnat utaus nakisakidnignem

inisid fitisop napaggnat ,renoiseuk malad :lah malad naupmamek pukacnem

i naiapmaynep em ,isamrofn nad tapec nagned iskasnart inayal mem ,tapet ikili

atres kiab gnay nauhategnep .habasan nahutubek iuhategnem

,2434.0 rasebes naupmamek napaggnat )isaived radnats( ukab nagnapmiS

iggnit pukuc napaggnat nakirebmem nednopser aumes kadit nakujnunem padahret

malaD .iggnit pukuc irad hibel uata gnaruk gnay ada naknialem ,habasan naupmamek

irebmem habasan satiroyam naktahilrepid 1 rabmag s nak narasik malad napaggnat rok 3

– s nagned habasan aud ada ,4 ad hibel rok s nagned habasan utas nad ,4 ir gnaruk rok

malad hisam idajret gnay nagnapmis nakujnunem ini satiroyam halmuJ .3 )itakednem(

.fitisop napaggnat isnarelot

S narabeS .1 rabmaG naupmameK rok


73

atnesrep nagnutihreP hawab id 4.4 lebat malad naklipmatid aynlisah gnay es

nad ,hadner pukuc napaggnat nakirebmem gnay habasan %01 uata 3 ada nakujnunem

ial gnaY .iggnit %01 s nakirebmem %08 kayngabes aynn gnatner malad napaggnat rok

.iggnit pukuc

aggnaT esatnesreP .4.4 lebaT naupmameK nap

kopmoleK lavretnI isneukerF % isneukerF hadneR 1 – 2 0 0.0

hadneR pukuC 1.2 – 3 3 0.01 iggniT pukuC 1.3 – 4 42 0.08

iggniT 1.4 – 5 3 0.01 latoT 03 0.001

remirp atad nahalognep lisaH : rebmuS

.2 pakiS lebairaV

atar araces roksret pakiS - iggnit hibel tahilret akgna araces ,339.3 rasebes atar

hisam numan aynmulebes nakiaruid halet gnay naupmamek roks nakgnidnabid

inisid pakiS .fitisop pukuc utiay amas gnay napaggnat takgnit nakisakidnignem

asek ,nahamarek :pukacnem nad ,nakadebmem apnat inayalem nauamek ,narujujek ,narab

.amiretid hadum gnay isamrofni nakirebmem tapad

b pukuc nakujnunem 2 rabmag malad aynnarabeS nakirebmem gnay habasan kayna

s irad hibel nawayrak pakis utaus nakisakidnignem ,4 irad hibel napaggnat rok pukuc

nA .kiab uata fitisop hadus ini kopmolek isaiserpa nakatakid tapaD .fitisop halmuj sisila

s turunem habasan ,hadner pukuc gnologret %7.6 uata 2 kaynabes nakumenem aynrok

%33.33 uata 01 kaynabes aynasis nad ,iggnit pukuc gnologret %06 uata 81 kaynabes

.)5.4 lebaT( iggnit gnologret


83

S kitsiretkaraK .2 rabmaG pakiS rok

pakiS napaggnaT esatnesreP .5.4 lebaT kopmoleK lavretnI isneukerF % isneukerF

hadneR 1 – 2 0 0.0 hadneR pukuC 1.2 – 3 2 7.6 iggniT pukuC 1.3 – 4 81 0.06

iggniT 1.4 – 5 01 3.33 latoT 03 0.001


.3 nalipmaneP lebairaV

id nalipmanep padahret napaggnaT naiparek isaulavegnem kutnu utiay nakhara

kitsitats nagnutihreP .naignawek nad natahesek ,naisaresek ,nahisrebek ,naiakapreb

atar roks naktapadnem ini atad padahret fitpirksed - atamacak itrepeS .7661.4 rasebes atar

taus nakisakidnignem ini roks aynmulebes .fitisop tapaggnat u

hilret hawab id rabmag malaD s nagned nednopser ada kadit ta napaggnat rok

linem aynaumes itrareb ,3 irad gnaruk P mureP nawayrak nalipmanep ia naiadage

atar sata id gnalameP - lreT .atar s gnay habasan kaynab aguj tahi hibel aynnapaggnat rok


93

hunep araces amiretid tapad habasan nalipmanep nakujnunem ,5 iapacnem nakhab 4 irad

.naggnalep helo

s sisilanA rep rok ynabes nakumenem udividni s nagned habasan %3.3 uata 1 ka rok

gnisam ,iggnit nad iggnit pukuc gnologret aynnial gnaY .hadner pukuc - gnisam halmujreb

.%3.35 uata habasan 61 nad %4.34 uata habasan 31

S kitsiretkaraK .3 rabmaG nalipmaneP rok

nalipmanaP napaggnaT esatnesreP .6.4 lebaT kopmoleK lavretnI isneukerF % isneukerF


iggniT 1.4 – 5 61 3.35 latoT 03 0.001



04

.4 naitahreP lebairaV

asib ripmah ,nanuga nagned namajnimep asaj nagned kitnedi gnay naiadageP

malaD .habasan nagnauek natilusek nagned napadahreb ulales ini agabmel nakitsapid

idajnem naka inayalem malad naitahrep nakirebmem nawayrak naupmamek ini narep

natatac nad namalagnep fitpirksed kitsitats nagnutihreP .habasan igab iridnesret

roksret nawayrak nakirebid gnay naitahrep nagned habasan napaggnat nakujnunem

.kiab pukuc gnay napaggnat utaus nakujnunem ,3318.3 rasebes

naupmameK rokeS kitsiretkaraK .4 rabmaG

sata id rabmag malad tahilreT s adap rabesret napaggnat 3 rok – 4 nad 4 – lebaT .5

71 kaynabes nakujnunem hawab id s nakirebmem habasan %7.65 uata 3 aratna rok – ,4

.kiab pukuc nakhamejretid tapad gnay iggnit pukuc napaggnat nakisakidnignem

,iggnit napaggnat nakirebmem aynnial habasan %3.33 kaynabes naidumeK

araces nawayrak helo nakirebid gnay naitahrep amirenem tapad hadus nakisakidnignem

.hunep


14

s kopmolek audeK k ,%09 iapacnem fitalumuk araces tubesret napaggnat ro

nakirebmem habasan aumes ripmah aynitrA .nanimod pukuc gnay halmuj nakujnunem

.naitahrep padahret fitisop napaggnat

naitahreP napaggnaT esatnesreP .7.4 lebaT kopmoleK lavretnI isneukerF % isneukerF


iggniT 1.4 – 5 01 3.33 latoT 03 0.001


.5 nakadniT lebairaV

,habasan inayalem malad nawayrak iska iagabes inisid nakhamejretid nakadniT

pes kajes nanayalep nakukalem :itre pais ulales ,ilak amatrep gnatad habasan inayalem

malad habasan nad paggnat ,inayalem malad netsisnok ,ajrek maj amales nalipmanep

ubek utnabmem kepsa malaD .habasan nahut - nakirebmem habasan tubesret kepsa

3398.3 rasebes roks malad napaggnat ≈ .kiab pukuc hadus gnay napaggnat nakujnunem ,4

t nagned habasan tikides ada aynah hawab id rabmag malad naktahilrepiD napaggna

s( hadner pukuc beles ,)3 < rok i s narasik nagned rabesret aynh 3 rok - 4 nad 4 – narabeS .5

araces naknialem ,atarer araces iggnit aynah kadit habasan napaggnat naksalejnem ini

it nakhab iggnit pukuc hadus aynnapaggnat gnay habasan kaynab aguj udividni n .igg


24

S kitsiretkaraK .5 rabmaG nakadniT rok

halmuj itsap araces nakujnunem hawab id lebaT kopmolek nakrasadreb habasan

s lad kaynab gnilaP .nakirebid gnay nabawaj rok s uata iggnit pukuc irogetak ma aratna rok

3 – dumeK .%7.64 iapacnem aynhalmuj ,4 s nai 4 rok – kaynabes iggnit irogetak uata 5

. %7.61 aynah ,%7.63

nakadniT napaggnaT esatnesreP .8.4 lebaT



iggniT 1.4 – 5 11 7.63 latoT 03 0.001


.6 bawaj gnuggnaT lebairaV

naka taas utaus naidagep id namajnimep nataigek malad nanamaynek iagabreB

imalagnem :itrepes ,naknigniid kadit gnay isautis malad nalasamrep ,nanamaek


34

kutneb nad ,atad naurilkek ,nanayalep - bawaj gnuggnaT .nial naurilekek kutneb

irad suires naitahrep tapadnem tubesret agudret kadit isautis ipadahgnem naahasurep

.habasan

hret habasan napaggnat iuhatekid naklupmukid gnay atad iraD gnuggnat pada

iadagep helo nakirebid gnay bawaj s ,776.3 rasebes roksret na nakatakid tapad ini rok

gnilap kusamret aynmulebes lebairav nagned nakitahrepid alib nupiksem iggnit pukuc

.hadner

S kitsiretkaraK .6 rabmaG bawaj gnuggnaT rok

sata id rabmaG s habasan satiroyam nakujnunem 3 narasik malad adareb aynrok –

T .iggnit pukuc napaggnat nakujnunem ,4 s habasan aparebeb aguj tahilre hibel aynrok

nakisakidnignem 2 irad gnaruk roks nagned habasaN .2 nahab 3 irad gnaruk nad 4 irad

1 aynaH .naiadagep nakirebid gnay bawaj gnuggnat padahret fitisop kadit napaggnat

.hadner kusamret aynnapaggnat gnay %3.3 uata habasan


44

lmuj nagned nial habasaN %7.65( aynhorapes irad hibel ha napaggnat nakirebmem )

s nagned 3 rok – %76.62 halmuj nagned igal aynnial gnaY .iggnit pukuc nakatakid nad 4

et aynnapaggnat habasan 8 uata sr 4 aratna rok – halmujes aynaH .iggnit nakatakid nad 5

lebat( hadner pukuc gnay %3.31 .)9.4

bawaJ gnuggnaT napaggnaT esatnesreP .9.4 lebaT



iggniT 1.4 – 5 8 7.62 latoT 03 0.001


.7 nanamayneK lebairaV

d gnay lebairav nakapurem nanamayneK s nagned habasan helo ipaggnati rok

utiay ,4 iapacnem P id nanamaynek aynitrA .3350.4 hunep amiretid tapad hadus naiadage

alaW .aynmumu adap habasan helo u d nup hilret hawab id rabmag mala tikides ada ta

s nagned habasan 2 aratna rok – .hadner pukuc uata 3


54

S kitsiretkaraK .7 rabmaG nanamayneK napaggnaT rok

tid 01 lebat malaD s nagned habasan halmuj nakujnu 2 kaynabes hadner pukuc rok

napaggnat nakirebmem habasan hurules irad %05 utiay satiroyaM .%7.6 uata nakadnit

aynasis naD .hunep araces nanamaynek amirenem tapad hadus ini akerem ,iggnit

.kiab uata iggnit pukuc aynnapaggnat %3.34 kaynabes

sreP .01.4 lebaT nanamayneK napaggnaT esatne



iggniT 1.4 – 5 51 0.05 latoT 03 0.001


.8 nasaupeK lebairaV

ayad ,isatuper ,kudorp ,nawayrak naupmamek utiay ,kepsa pukacnem nasaupeK

atar araces roksreT .nanayalep satilauk nad ,paggnat - nakujnunem ,7680.4 rasebes atar


64

idajret nasaupek tahilret hawab id rabmag malaD .naiadageP nagned saup hadus habasan

arem araces 3 roks narasik malad adareb aynaumes ,at - 4 nad 4 - .5

S kitsiretkaraK .8 rabmaG nasaupeK napaggnaT rok

et naiadagep habasan huruleS sr gnisam ,iggnit nad iggnit pukuc irogetak malad rok -

63 nad %3.36 halmujes gnisam s nagned habasan ada kadit ,%7. .aynhawabid rok

.hadner fitaler gnay nasaupek nagnajnesek nakujnunem ini esatnesreP

nasaupeK napaggnaT esatnesreP .11.4 lebaT kopmoleK avretnI l isneukerF % isneukerF


iggniT 1.4 – 5 11 7.63 latoT 03 0.001



74

.C isergeR naijugneP lisaH

K lebairav huragneP ame ,nakadniT ,naitahreP ,nalipmaneP ,pakiS ,naupm

iulalem isaulaveid habasan nasaupeK padahret nanamayneK nad bawaj gnuggnaT

araces naktahilrepid nakukalid halet gnay naijugnep lisah ,adnag iserger naijugnep

.hawab id lebat adap sakgnir

eP lisaH .21.4 lebaT isergeR naijugn rotkaF .geR .feoK T tih P

tpecretnI - 598.51 - 991.5 000.0 1X – naupmameK 436.0 980.9 000.0 2X – pakiS 042.0 075.3 200.0 3X – nalipmaneP 313.0 597.5 000.0 4X – naitahreP 951.0 244.2 320.0 5X – nakadniT 651.0 356.2 510.0 6X – bawaj gnuggnaT 351.0 508.2 010.0 7X – nanamayneK nenopmoK 202.0 421.4 000.0

)R( adnaG isaleroK 249.0 )²R( isanimreteD .feoK 888.0

F tset F lebat ,22;7 = fd( � )%5=

)000.0=p( 749.42 464.2


.1 natlumiS araceS huragneP

nasaupeK padahret natlumis araces nednepedni lebairav hurules huragneP

isalerok irad tardauk nakapurem gnay isanimreted neisefeok helo naksalejid habasan

%8.88 uata 888.0 = ²249.0 rasebes naktahilrepid sata 11.4 lebat malaD .adnag .

helo naksalejid tapad gnay habasan nasaupek radak nakujnunem ini akgnA

habasan nasaupek %2.11 awhab nakujnunem sugilakes ,itiletid gnay nednepedni

.itiletid muleb gnay aynnial lebairav helo igal naksalejid tapad hisam

amrebeK nk ad tubesret isanimreted naa F ialin iulalem isaulaveid tap - gnutih

helorepid gnay B . F ihibelem uata amas aynialin ali - ,nakifingis itrareb lebat

F nakujnunem hawab id rabmaG .nakifingis kadit itrareb licek hibel alib aynkilabes -


84

d raseb hibel anerak aH naamirenep haread id adareb gnutih F ira - ,464.2 rasebes lebat

nakrasadreb isaulaveid alib aguj naikimeD .nakifinigis nakataynid aggnihes

F satilibaborp - nakadnanem 50.0 irad licek hibel 000.0 rasebes satilibaborp ,gnutih

.nakifngis

F- 749.42 = tih

F- ,24;7 = fd( 464.2 = bat � )%5=

isanimreteD neisefeoK isnakifingiS .1 rabmaG

.2 laisraP araceS huragneP

lebairav huragneP K naitahreP ,)3x( nalipmaneP ,)2x( pakiS ,)1x( naupmame

,)4x( nasaupeK padahret )7x( nanamayneK nad )6x( bawaj gnuggnaT ,)5x( nakadniT

utiay ,helorepid gnay iserger naamasrep iulalem naksalejid laisrap araces habasan

exuleD ramak kutnu :

= Y - + 6x351.0 + 5x651.0 + 4x951.0 + 3x313.0 + 2x042.0 + 1x436.0 + 598.51

.0 7x202

; naksalejnem tubesret naamasreP

.a atnatsnoK


94

rasebes ialin ,tpecretni aguj nakamanid atnatsnoK - raseb naksalejnem 598.51

lebairav alib habasan nasaupeK - uata nakadaitid aynihuragnepmem gnay lebairav

.lon paggna id idajnem habasan nasaupek naksalejnem fitagen adnaT

nakirebmem tapad kadit naiadagep taas adap saup kadit uata nakilabekreb uata

.nednepedni aumes nakaraggneleynem

.b naupmameK

naupmamek isubirtnok raseb naksalejnem 436.0 rasebes iserger neisefeoK

adahret habasan nasaupek p H . utas natakgninep paites kutnu naksalejnem ini lisa

natakgninep gnorodnem tapad subirap siretac araces naupmamek lebairav nautas

.nautas 436.0 rasebes habasan nasaupek

ialin iulalem nakukalid aynhuragnep isnakifingis padahret isaulavE t-

t aynraseb hawabid rabmag adap tahilret ,gnutih - naupmamek lebairav gnutih

t irad iggnit hibel anerak aH naamirenep haread id adareb - 740.2 rasebes lebat

,22=fd( � id aguj tapad isnakifingiS .nakifingis nakataynid aggnihes ,)%5=

aborp ialin iulalem isaulave ikilimem ini lebairav tahilret ,naklisahid gnay satilib

.nakifingis nakataynid aggnihes 000.0 utiay 50.0 irad gnaruk satilibaborp

gnay sisetopih gnukudnem kutnu siripme itkub nakapurem ini naumeT

.habasan nasaupeK padahret huragnepreb naupmameK nakataynem


05

-t- = lebat - 740.2 t- 980.9 = tih

t- 740.2 = lebat

naupmameK huragnep isnakifingiS .2 rabmaG

.c pakiS

lebairav isubirtnok aynraseb nakapurem 042.0 rasebes iserger neisefeoK

aksalejnem ini lisah ,habasan nasaupeK ihuragnepmem malad pakiS kutnu n

utas natakgninep paites - tapad subirap siretac araces pakis lebairav nautas

habasan nasaupek natakgninep gnorodnem nautas 042.0 rasebes .

t ialin iulalem nakukalid aynhuragnep naankamrebek padahret isaulavE -

t aynraseb hawabid rabmag adap tahilret ,naklisahid gnay gnutih - lebairav gnutih

t irad raseb hibel pakiS - ,22=fd( 740.2 rasebes lebat � id adareb aggnihes )%5=

haread tahilid tapad aguj huragnep naankamrebeK .nakifngis uata aH naamirenep

nakujnunem 200.0 utiay 50.0 irad gnaruk ialin ,aynsatilibaborp iulalem

gnukudnem kutnu siripme itkub nakapurem ini naumeT .nakifingis aynhuragnep

reb pakiS nakataynem gnay sisetopih .habasan nasaupeK padahret huragnep


15

-t- = lebat - 740.2 t- 075.3 = tih

t- 740.2 = lebat

pakiS huragnep isnakifingiS .3 rabmaG

.d nalipmaneP

aynraseb nakapurem 313.0 rasebes nalipmaneP lebairav iserger neisefeoK

K ihuragnepmem malad isubirtnok kutnu naksalejnem ini lisah ,habasan nasaupe

tapad subirap siretac araces nalipmanep lebairav nautas utas natakgninep paites

.nautas 313.0 rasebes habasan nasaupek natakgninep gnorodnem


h t aynraseb hawabid rabmag adap tahilret ,naklisahid gnay gnuti - lebairav gnutih

t irad raseb hibel nalipmaneP - ,22=fd( 740.2 rasebes lebat � aggnihes )%5=

aynsatilibaborp nakrasadreB .oH kalonem uata aH naamirenep haread id adareb

,nakifingis nakataynid aguj utiay 50.0 irad gnaruk satilibaborp ikilimem anerak

gnay sisetopih gnukudnem kutnu siripme itkub nakapurem ini naumeT .000.0

.habasan nasaupeK padahret huragnepreb nalipmaneP nakataynem


25

t- = lebat - t 740.2 - 597.5 = tih

t- 740.2 = lebat

nalipmaneP huragnep isnakifingiS .4 rabmaG

.e naitahreP

ger neisefeoK aynraseb nakapurem 951.0 rasebes naitahreP lebairav iser

malad isubirtnok H .habasan nasaupeK ihuragnepmem aksalejnem ini lisa kutnu n

utas natakgninep paites - tapad subirap siretac araces naitahrep lebairav nautas

sebes habasan nasaupek natakgninep gnorodnem .nautas 951.0 ra



t irad raseb hibel naitahreP - ,22=fd( 740.2 rasebes lebat � adareb aggnihes )%5=

haread id ialin iulalem isaulaveid alib uatA .oH kalonem uata aH naamirenep

aggnihes 320.0 utiay 50.0 irad gnaruk satilibaborp ikilimem tahilret satilibaborp

gnukudnem kutnu siripme itkub nakapurem ini naumeT .nakifingis nakataynid

aitahreP nakataynem gnay sisetopih .habasan nasaupeK padahret huragnepreb n


35

t- = lebat - t 740.2 - t 740.2 = lebat - 244.2 = tih

naitahreP huragnep isnakifingiS .5 rabmaG

.f nakadniT

aynraseb nakapurem 651.0 rasebes nakadniT lebairav iserger neisefeoK

kutnu naksalejnem ini lisah ,habasan nasaupeK ihuragnepmem malad isubirtnok

tapad subirap siretac araces nakadnit lebairav nautas utas natakgninep paites

natakgninep gnorodnem .nautas 4651.0 rasebes habasan nasaupek

t ialin iulalem nakukalid aynhuragnep isnakifingis padahret isaulavE -


t irad raseb hibel nakadniT - ,22=fd( 740.2 rasebes lebat � ihes )%5= adareb aggn

isaulaveid tapad aguj naankamrebeK .oH kalonem uata aH naamirenep haread id

ikilimem ini lebairav tahilret ,naklisahid gnay satilibaborp ialin iulalem

.nakifingis nakataynid aggnihes 510.0 utiay 50.0 irad gnaruk satilibaborp

akapurem ini naumeT gnay sisetopih gnukudnem kutnu siripme itkub n

.habasan nasaupeK padahret huragnepreb nakadniT nakataynem


45

t- 356.2 = tih

t- = lebat - t 740.2 - 740.2 = lebat

nakadniT huragnep isnakifingiS .6 rabmaG

.g bawaj gnuggnaT

nakapurem 351.0 rasebes bawaj gnuggnaT lebairav iserger neisefeoK

malad isubirtnok aynraseb H .habasan nasaupeK ihuragnepmem isa ini l

bawaj gnuggnat lebairav nautas utas natakgninep paites kutnu naksalejnem

rasebes habasan nasaupek natakgninep gnorodnem tapad subirap siretac araces

.nautas 351.0

t ialin iulalem nakukalid aynhuragnep isnakifingis padahret isaulavE -

isahid gnay gnutih t aynraseb hawabid rabmag adap tahilret ,nakl - lebairav gnutih

t irad raseb hibel bawaj gnuggnaT - ,22=fd( 740.2 rasebes lebat � aggnihes )%5=

iulalem isaulaveid alib uatA .oH kalonem uata aH naamirenep haread id adareb

ilret naklisahid gnay satilibaborp ialin 010.0 utiay 50.0 irad gnaruk aynialin tah

kutnu siripme itkub nakapurem ini naumeT .nakifingis nakataynid aggnihes

nakifingis huragnepreb bawaj gnuggnaT nakataynem gnay sisetopih gnukudnem

.habasan nasaupeK padahret


55

t- 508.2 = tih

t- 740.2 = lebat

bawaj gnuggnaT huragnep isnakifingiS .7 rabmaG

.h nanamayneK

ebairav iserger neisefeoK nakapurem 202.0 rasebes nanamayneK l

malad isubirtnok aynraseb N .habasan nasaupeK ihuragnepmem fitisop iali

nasaupeK naktakgninem tapad nanamayneK lebairav natakgninep naksalejnem

.subirap siretac 202.0 rasebes habasan

gnep isnakifingis padahret isaulavE t ialin iulalem nakukalid aynhura -


t irad raseb hibel nanamayneK - ,22=fd( 740.2 rasebes lebat � aggnihes )%5=

isaulaveid alib uatA .oH kalonem uata aH naamirenep haread id adareb iulalem

000.0 utiay 50.0 irad gnaruk aynialin tahilret naklisahid gnay satilibaborp ialin

gnukudnem kutnu siripme itkub nakapurem ini naumeT .nakifingis nakadnanem

padahret nakifingis huragnepreb nanamayneK nakataynem gnay sisetopih

.habasan nasaupeK


65

t- 421.4 = tih

t- 740.2 = lebat

nanamayneK huragnep isnakifingiS .7 rabmaG


75

V BAB I

SEK NARAS NAD NALUPMI

.A nalupmiseK

nad ,bawaj gnuggnaT ,nakadniT ,naitahreP ,nalipmaneP ,pakis ,naupmameK

huragnep nakirebmem amasreb araces nanamayneK gnay nasaupeK padahret nakifingis

.habasan nakgnadeS raseb gnilap gnay lebairav laisrap araces huragnepmem nasaupek i

habasan tapad sata id naiaru iraD .436,0 rasebes utiay ,naupmameK lebairav halada

:itrepes ,nawayrak naupmameK awhab naklupmisid d naupmamek a ajrek gnadib mal

isakinumok nakanaskalem ,inuketid itom nakgnabmegnem ,fitkefe gnay nad ,isav

nakgnabmegnem noitaler cilbup ek nagnubuh anibmem malad tnemurtsni iagabes malad

ek nad naahasurep uata isasinagro raul ek padahret huragnepreb ini lisaH .habasan nasaup

naka akam ,nanurunep imalagnem nanayalep satilauk akij awhab nakatakid tapad

b .habasan nasaupek nanurunep adap kapmadre

.B naraS

kitit utas halas iagabes nakanugrepid tapad sata id naklupmisid halet gnay naumeT

D .habasan nasaupek naalolegnep kalot ,nawayrak naupmameK awhab naklupmisid tapa

S gnay nanamayneK nad ,bawaj gnuggnaT ,nakadniT ,naitahreP ,nalipmaneP ,paki

ebmem tapad gnalameP naiadageP mureP helo nakirebid r ankamreb huragnep naki

lebairav aynanerak helO .habasan nasaupek padahret - ad nakayapuid surah ini lebairav tap

ab nagned ihunepid P helo ki .naiadage

nagned iskasnart nakukalem malad nawayrak naupmamek lebairav hotnoc iagabeS

nart sinket ,ada gnay igolonket nagnabmekrep nagned nalajeS .tapec rusgnareb iskas

tapecrepid nad ,nakhadumid ,nakanrupmesid itrepes utnab tala naanuggnep helo


85

ok halada aynispesrep gnay enilno halitsi nagned asaibret hadus habasan gnarakeS .retupm

ketnok malaD .sesorp natapecek s atat nahaburep ada akam ini nad isaksnart arac

id gnay nagned sigolokisp .nanayalep natapecek duskam ada mulebes ilakgnaraB

,retupmok san orp utkaw amirenem tapad haba t ,maj 1 iapacnem asib gnay ses ipate

akgnarab tapeC .habureb hadus aynsigolokisp gnarakes l 51 utkaw nagned kitnedi i – 03

.tinem

itnep tubesret nahaburep narabmaG P mureP raga naknaras silunep kutnu gn naiadage

jnem tapad gnalameP ga S ,naupmameK a ,nakadniT ,naitahreP ,nalipmaneP ,paki

.nanamayneK nad ,bawaj gnuggnaT

.C itileneP nasatabreteK

:nial aratna nasatabretek aparebeb imalagnem itilenep ,naitilenep nakukalem malaD

.1 itilenep nauhategnep nad utkaw ,anad nasatabreteK

.2 leneP malad nednopser irad helorepid gnay atad naranebek kacalem tapad kadit iti

nakirebid gnay atad hakapa iuhategnem kadit itilenep aggnihes ,renoiseuk bawajnem

.kadit uata rujuj araces nabawaj halada nednopser helo

.3 nasatabreteK kutneb malad nususid gnay naaynatrep meti nanusuynep malad

naitilenep tala iagabes renoiseuk

.4 kaynab aggnihes ,itilenep helo nakukalid ilak amatrep urab ini naitilenep nanusuyneP

.itilenep naupmamek nad namalagnep nasatabretek


95

AKATSUP RATFAD

.imisrahuS ,otnukirA atpiC akeniR :atrakaJ ,naitileneP nemejanaM .7002

rasaD .4002 .ataraB aydA ,petA - odnitupmoK aideM xelE : atrakaJ .amirP nanayaleP rasad

nahamejreT( sinsiB naitileneP edoteM .6991 .yromE .C mailliW nad dlanoD .R ,repooC

ad nawanuG nellE .aggnalrE :atrakaJ .)nawamruN mamI n

di.oc.naiadagep.www//:ptth

moc.ispirkslanruj.www//:ptth

isnemid/90/0102/moc.topsgolb.isatresidsiset//:ptth - nad - rotakidni -

G1zzxi#lmth.satilauk EPsh37d

rasaD .5891.pilihP ,reltoK - aidemretnI VC : atrakaJ .narasameP rasad

ltoK .5002 .pilihP ,re nadisatnemelpmI ,naanacnereP ,sisilanA : narasameP nemejanaM

aisenodnI id nailadnegneP : atrakaJ .itawatinA helo asahaB hilA . abmelaS tibreneP

asahaB hilA.asaJ narasameP nemejanaM .5002.neruaL ,thgirW nad rehpotsirhC ,kcolevoL

skednI : atrakaJ .orotnaydiW sugA helo

habasaN nasaupeK padahreT nanayaleP satilauK huragneP .)0102( .ydE akirA ,otnayluM

.atrakaygoY gnabaC hairayS NTB

3002 ,S.Y A ,uyahaR adI malaD .nanugnabmeP nahuluyneP nad kilbuP nanayaleP . , anitsuY

.3002.tajarduS dajdA P kutnebmeM :rogoB .nanugnabmeP aisunaM ukalirP alo BPI

.sserP

naD nanayaleP satilauK gnatneT idutS .)5002( .M ,nidduyhaW nad zizA .S ,onoyiW

hamuR iD nemusnoK nasaupeK .netalK oggnersinaM malsI tikaS

dnaF ,onotpijT y. eS .5002 ecivr amirP nanayaL nakdujuweM : tnemeganaM . :atrakaygoY

tesffO idnA .


06


16

1 naraipmaL

NEDNOPSER SATITNEDI

nimaleK sineJ :

naajrekeP :

RENOISEUK NAISIGNEP KUJNUTEP

.1 bawajnem kutnu araduaS/ubI/kapaB naaidesek nad ,nautnab ,tamroh nagned nohoM

.ini renoiseuk malad ada gnay naaynatrep hurules

.2 ( gnatnec adnat halireB √ gnay naadaek nagned iauses gnay tukireb naataynrep )

.aidesret gnay molok adap aynhuggnuses

.3 l( 5 adA gnisam kutnu aidesret gnay nabawaj nahilip )ami - :utiay ,naataynrep gnisam

)STS( ujuteS kadiT tagnaS

)ST( ujuteS kadiT

)N( larteN

)S( ujuteS

)SS( ujuteS tagnaS


26

.1 naupmameK

.oN naataynreP STS ST N S SS .1 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS

nakiapmaynem upmam gnalameP nad itregnemid hadum gnay isamrofni

imahapid

.2 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS iskasnart inayalem upmam gnalameP

tapec nagned

.3 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS iskasnart inayalem upmam gnalameP

tapet nagned

.4 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS gnay nauhategnep ikilimem gnalameP nad naaynatrep bawajnem kutnu iadamem

habasan nahalasamrep

.5 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS nahutubek iuhategnem upmam gnalameP

habasan

.2 pakiS

.oN naataynreP STS ST N S SS

.1 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS napos nad hamar pakisreb ulales gnalameP

habasan padahret

.2 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS inayalem malad rabas pakisreb gnalameP

iskasnart

.3 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS inayalem malad rujuj pakisreb gnalameP

habasan

.4 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatSP iskasnart inayalem aidesreb gnalame

takaraysam nagnalak aumes adapek

.5 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS isamrofni nakirebmem ulales gnalameP amiretid hadum nad nakhutubid gnay

habasan


36

.3 nalipmaneP


.1 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatSipar nalipmanepreb ulales gnalameP

.2 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatShisreb naiakapreb ulales gnalameP

.3 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatSisares naiakapreb ulales gnalameP

.4 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS paites malad ignaw ulales gnalameP

nalipmanep

.5 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS taas tahes isidnok malad ulales gnalameP

habasan nagned iskasnart inayalem

.4 naitahreP


.1 naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS nakgnaulem aidesreb gnalameP gnabaC inagnanem utnabmem kutnu utkaw malad habasan nahalasamrep

iskasnartreb

.2

naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS naktagnignem ulales gnalameP gnabaC

kij habasan ignubuhgnem nad gnarab aopmet hutaj naka iadag id gnay

.3 naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS padahret kitapmisreb gnalameP gnabaC


.4 naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS amirenem aidesreb gnalameP gnabaC

habasan irad naras


46

.5 naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS aidesreb gnalameP gnabaC

habasan nahulek nakragnednem

.5 nakadniT


.1 gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP ilak amatrep kajes habasan inayalem

gnatad

.2 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatSmaj adap ada patet gnalameP - ajrek maj

)kubis(

.3

gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP amas gnay nanayalep nakirebmem

habasan aumes adapek irah gnajnapes

.4 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS isautis alages padahret paggnat gnalameP

idajret gnay

.5 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS ihunemem tapad ulales gnalameP

habasan nahutubek

.6 bawaJ gnuggnaT


.1 gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP malad habasan nanamaek nimajnem

naahasurep nagned iskasnart nakukalem

.2 inareb gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP utaus idajret akij okiser libmagnem

habasan inayalem malad halasam

.3 tapad gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP murePtaruka nad raneb nagned atad napmiynem

.4 gnabaC naiadageP mureP id iskasnarTnaurilekek irad sabeb gnalameP


56

.5 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayrak ffatS nakiaseleynem tapad ulales gnalameP


.7 nanamayneK


.1 gnabaC naiadageP mureP isakoLuakgnajid hadum nad sigetarts gnalameP

.2 gnabaC naiadageP mureP rotnaK ,namayn gnay satilisaf ikilimem gnalameP

:itrepes( ,hisreb gnay uggnut gnaur)uggnut gnaur id isivelet tapadret

.3 gnabaC naiadageP mureP rotnaK nagnauRhisreb nad ipar atatret ulales gnalameP

.4

gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP mureP tahilret gnay natalarep nakanuggnem

nredom nad higgnac

.5 nad bitret tahilret ulales nanayaleP tekoLrutaret

.8 habasaN nasaupeK


.1 gnabaC naiadageP mureP nawayraK kudorp kiab nagned iuhategnem gnalameP

nakrawatid gnay

.2 mureP nakrawatid gnay urab kudorP nahutubek ihunemem tapad naiadageP

habasan

.3 gnabaC naiadageP mureP isatupeRayacrepid tapad gnalameP

.4 gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP murePhabasan nahulek amirenem malad paggnat


66

.5 mureP nakirebid gnay nanayalep satilauKkiab hadus gnalameP gnabaC naiadageP


76

1 lebaT

satidilaV ijU lisaH elbaT

nemurtsnI satidilaV ijU lisaH 1.4 lebaT

lebairaV metI r- yx r- lebat

)%5=α ,82=fd(

.teK

naparaH

naupmameK 1 485.0 932.0 dilaV

2 966.0 932.0 dilaV

3 637.0 932.0 dilaV

4 765.0 932.0 dilaV

5 805.0 932.0 dilaV

pakiS 1 855.0 932.0 dilaV

2 185.0 932.0 dilaV

3 627.0 932.0 dilaV

4 714.0 932.0 dilaV

5 215.0 932.0 dilaV

nalipmaneP 1 285.0 932.0 dilaV

2 585.0 932.0 dilaV

3 486.0 932.0 dilaV


86

4 366.0 932.0 dilaV

5 874.0 932.0 dilaV

naitahreP 1 984.0 932.0 dilaV

2 424.0 932.0 dilaV

3 607.0 932.0 dilaV

4 325.0 932.0 dilaV

5 684.0 932.0 dilaV

nakadniT 1 557.0 932.0 dilaV

2 484.0 932.0 dilaV

3 397.0 932.0 dilaV

4 624.0 932.0 dilaV

5 464.0 932.0 dilaV

bawaJ gnuggnaT 1 034.0 932.0 dilaV

2 125.0 932.0 dilaV

3 276.0 932.0 dilaV

4 305.0 932.0 dilaV

5 967.0 932.0 dilaV

nanamayneK 1 505.0 932.0 dilaV


96

2 364.0 932.0 dilaV

3 405.0 932.0 dilaV

4 394.0 932.0 dilaV

5 884.0 932.0 dilaV

2 lebaT

satilibaileR lisaH lebaT

nemurtsnI satilibaileR lisaH 2.4 lebaT

.oN lebairaV ahplA neisifeoK r- lebat

)%5=α ,82=fd(

nagnareteK

1 naupmameK 118.0 832.0 lebailer

2 pakiS 677.0 832.0 lebailer

3 nalipmaneP 208.0 832.0 lebailer

4 naitahreP 47.0 832.0 lebailer

5 nakadniT 888.0 832.0 lebailer

6 bawaJ gnuggnaT 297.0 832.0 lebailer


07

7 nanamayneK 427.0 832.0 lebailer

8 habasaN nasaupeK 818.0 832.0 lebailer

3 lebaT

fitpirkseD naijugneP lisaH

fitpirkseD naijugneP lisaH 3.4 lebaT

retemaraP naupmameK pakiS nalipmaneP naitahreP nakadniT gnuggnaT

bawaJ nanamayneK naeM 0028.3 3339.3 7661.4 3318.3 3398.3 3376.3 3350.4

.dtSnoitaiveD

32434.0 76374.0 70155.0 50525.0 13275.0 10685.0 13236.0 ecnairaV 02.2 00.2 00.2 04.2 02.2 00.3 06.2

muminiM 08.2 08.2 00.3 06.2 08.2 08.1 04.2

mumixaM 00.5 08.4 00.5 00.5 00.5 08.4 00.5

remirp atad naijugnep lisaH : rebmuS


17

4 lebaT

lebaT isergeR naijugneP lisaH

isergeR naijugneP lisaH .21.4 lebaT

rotkaF .geR .feoK T tih P

tpecretnI - 598.51 - 991.5 000.0 1X – naupmameK 436.0 980.9 000.0 2X – pakiS 042.0 075.3 200.0 3X – nalipmaneP 313.0 597.5 000.0 4X – naitahreP 951.0 244.2 320.0 5X – nakadniT 651.0 356.2 510.0 6X – bawaj gnuggnaT 351.0 508.2 010.0 7X – nanamayneK nenopmoK 202.0 421.4 000.0

)R( adnaG isaleroK 249.0 )²R( isanimreteD .feoK 888.0

F tset F lebat ,22;7 = fd( � )%5=

)000.0=p( 749.42 464.2



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