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Prof. Ir. I Gede Putu Wirawan, M.Sc., Ph.DUPT Laboratorium Sumberdaya Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler

Universitas Udayana

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– Abstract

– Introduction

– Materials and Methods

– Results and Discussion

– Acknowledgement

– Reference

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UTILIZATION OF ELECTRIC PULSED POWER ON FRUITING OF EDIBLE MUSHROOMS

Abstract

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UTILIZATION OF ELECTRIC PULSED POWER ON FRUITING OF EDIBLE MUSHROOMS

Shoji OhgaDivision of Forest Environmental Sciences, Department of Agro-

environmental Sciences,Kyushu University, Fukuoka 811-2415, Japan

ohga@forest.kyushu-u.ac.jp

ABSTRACTEffect of pulsed power was investigated on fruit body formation of

10 edible mushrooms, Lentinula edodes, Glifola frondosa, Pholiotanameko, Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizygus marmoreus, Pleurotusostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus abalones, Agrocybe cylindraceaand Sparassis crispa. Pulsed power of 100-170 kV was directly chargedto the substrate just before fructification. The effect of the pulsedpower resulted to promote for 10 edible mushrooms fructification. Thetreatment especially stimulated the fructification on Pleurotus species.

ABSTRACT

Gene targeting events were analyzed in buckwheat(Fagopyrumesculentum, var. Shinano No. 1) that were inplantatransformed (T1)by the three strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciensharboring a gene targetingvectorfor an endogenous gene (acc.no.AB327276); M-1 mutant (abvA::Tn5) andM-31 mutant (virA::Tn5) strains, both of which are capable of transferring its T-DNA into nucleus of host plant cell, but have a deficiency in T-DNA integrationstep into chromosome and LBA4404 strain, being a commonly used strain. Theresults of both phenotype examination and Southern blot analysis implied thata targeting construct(s) was integrated into a different locus (loci) eachdepending on the strain of A. tumefaciens used for transformation. Both 5’-endand 3’-end flanking DNA segments that were expected from precise insertion oftargeting construct into the endogenous U-gene locus were obtained by PCRwith 3 (23%) transformants out of the randomly selected 13 transformants byM-1 mutant strain, while only 3’-end flanking DNA segment was obtained with3(21%) transformants out of 14 transformants by M-31 strain. Taken together,the results suggested the potential of usage of a mutant strain of A.tumefaciens for gene targeting which has a deficiency in T-DNA integration stepinto plant genome.

Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens; gene targeting; buckwheat;Fagopyrumesculentum; mutant strains ofA. tumefaciens

Effect of the soil protection sheet and the bag material on the soil microorganisms and the indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the volcanic devastated site in Mt.

Batur, Bali, Indonesia

Nobuyuki Kohno*1,4, Kayo Gouya*1, Shin-ichi Sekiyama*1, Motoyuki Suzuki*2 and Wirawan, I Gede Putu*3

*1 Takino Filter Inc., 904-16, Hayama 2-chome, Kudamatsu, Yamaguchi 744-0061 Japan*2 Yamaguchi University, Tokiwadai 2-16-1, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611 Japan

*3 Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia*4 Corresponding author: kouno@takino.co.jp

AbstractIn the volcanic devastated site of Mt. Batur located in the north eastern part of

Bali, Indonesia, the test construction with the soil protection sheet and the bag materialfor the prevention of soil erosion and the revegetation had been executed in December,2012 and the effect has been verified by now. This time, the effect of the sheet on thesoil microorganisms was investigated and the effect of the indigeneous arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi, which had been put into the bag material with 3 kinds of woody plantseeds, on the vegetation was verified. As a result, after 2 years and 8 months from theconstruction, it was showed that the soil microorganisms just under the sheet withoutthe plant increased 2 to 2.4 times more than those in the bare site without the plant andfurthermore, those just under the sheet with the plant increased 8.4 to 8.9 times morethan those in the bare site without the plant. And it is considered that the cuttingfragments in the length of about 5cm of the gramineous plant root existed near theconstruction site put into the bag material with the woody plant seeds contributed tothe colonization of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi into the roots of seedlings from theseeds and the survival of the seedlings from the seeds as the inocula of the fungi.

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Introduction

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INTRODUCTIONCultivation of edible mushrooms on sawdust-based substrate

is steadily improving to effective methods. Especially, efficienttechniques are useful for this cultivation method. Biologicalefficiency has been improved by optimizing various factors, such assubstrate formula, strain type, culture maturity, water conditionand other environmental conditions of the cultivation room. Electricpower utility is now applied to various agricultural crops, especiallyin horticultural fields. Cultivation system has been improved withelectricity utilization in the field of systematic house crops such astomato, lettuce, strawberry and various kinds of flower. Effect of airions on plants have experimented. Fruit body production waspromoted by the electric impulse treatment on the logwood orsawdust substrate (Ohga et al, 2001) of L. edodes. We investigatedhere effect of the pulsed power on the fruit body formation in thesawdust-based substrate of 10 edible mushrooms.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Materials and Methods

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MATERIALS AND METHODSStrains

Ten edible mushroom species used in this study, Lentinula edodes, Grifora frondosa, Pholiota nameko, Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizygusmarmoreus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus abalones, Agrocybe cylindracea, Sparassis crispa. All of these strains were isolated from fruit bodies of commercial sources. Strains were maintained on a potato dextrose agar medium (Difco) at 40C. Especially, as for L. edodesfour strains belonging to 3 diff erent fruiting types were examined in this work. These were KS-1, KS-2 (for year-round cultivation), KS-6 (for cultivation in autumn) and KS-12 (for cultivation in spring).

The substrate of L. edodes had three flushes in the fruiting stage. First flush occurred spontaneously just after movement of the substrates. Second and 3rd fl ushes were induced by soaking treatment of 16 hr (130-day substrate) and 20 hr (170-day substrate), respectively.

Culture and Growth Condition

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Results and Discussion

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Acknowledgement

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