pengolahan dan analisis data kualitatif

7/23/2019 Pengolahan Dan Analisis Data Kualitatif

1/10

^MDGOJLJE @JE JEJOKRKR @JPJ I]JOKPJPKC

Jejokrkr `jpj `joja ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc hmxhm`j `medje jejokrkr `jpj `joja ~memokpkje

i}jepkpjpkc% Jejokrkr `jpj i}jokpjpkc hmxrkcjp ke`}ipkc `je hmximojef}pje% P}f}je jilkx jejokrkr

`jpj i}jokpjpkc j`jojl ama~mxgoml ajiej/ amedljrkoije ~medmxpkje!~medmxpkje/ igerm~!

igerm~ rmxpj amedmahjedije lk~gpmrkr jpj} pmgxk hjx}% Jejokrkr `jpj i}jokpjpkc j`jojl ~xgrmr

amebjxk rmxpj ame{}r}e rmbjxj rkrpmajpkr `jpj {jed `k~mxgoml `jxk ljrko tjtjebjxj/ bjpjpje

oj~jedje/ `je hjlje!hjlje ojkee{j rmlkeddj a}`jl `k~jljak jdjx `j~jp `kkecgxajrkije

im~j`j gxjed ojke ,Hgd`je/ :;


2/10

J% Xm`}irk @jpj

Xm`}irk `jpj j`jojl ~xgrmr jejokrkr }ep}i amakokl/ ama}rjpije ~mxljpkje/

am{m`mxljejije/ amedjhrpxjirkije rmxpj amepxjercgxajrkije `jpj {jed a}eb}o `jxk

bjpjpje!bjpjpje oj~jedje ,^jpkokaj/ 8>>=+% Amxm`}irk `jpj hmxjxpk amah}jp xjedi}aje/

amakokl ljo!ljo ~gigi/ amacgi}rije ~j`j ljo!ljo ~mepked/ amebjxk pmaj `je ~goj/ rmxpj


3/10

amah}jed {jed `kjeddj~ pk`ji ~mxo}% @medje `makikje/ `jpj {jed `kxm`}irk jije

amahmxkije djahjxje {jed omhkl r~mrkrkci `je ama~mxa}`jl ~memokpk amoji}ije

~med}a~}oje `jpj rmojef}pe{j rmxpj amebjxk `jpj pjahjlje fkij `k~mxo}ije% Rmajike ojaj

~memokpk hmxj`j `k oj~jedje/ f}aojl `jpj jije rmajike hje{ji/ rmajike iga~omir `je x}akp%

]ep}i kp}ojl `k~mxo}ije xm`}irk `jpj rmlkeddj `jpj pk`ji hmp}a~}i `je ama~mxr}okp

jejokrkr rmojef}pe{j% Xm`}irk `jpj `koji}ije `medje ~mxpkahjedje hjltj `jpj {jed `k~mxgoml

`jxk oj~jedje f}aojle{j b}i}~ hje{ji/ }ep}i kp} ~mxo} `k~kokl `je `k~kojl rmr}jk `medje

imh}p}lje `joja ~mambjlje ajrjojl ~memokpkje% @joja amxm`}irk `jpj rmpkj~ ~memokpk

`k~je`} goml ~mxpje{jje ~memokpkje {jed ljx}r `kfjtjh hmx`jrjxije `jpj% Fjtjhje

~mxpje{jje pmxrmh}p amx}~jije t}f}` e{jpj pma}je ~memokpkje% Impkij ~memokpk amema}ije

rmr}jp} ,`jpj+ {jed hmo}a fmojr `je hmo}a amakokik ~goj ~mxo} rmdmxj `koji}ije ~mebmxajpje

amojo}k ~xgrmr xm`}irk }ep}i amajljak ajiej {jed pmxije`}ed `joja `jpj pmxrmh}p% Rmbjxj

rm`mxljej/ ko}rpxjrk xm`}irk `jpj `j~jp `kdjahjxije rmhjdjk hmxki}p6

Hmx`jrjxije djahjx `k jpjr/ `k~mxokljpije ~memokpk ama~mxgoml `jpj {jed `kp}jedije

`joja hmep}i bjpjpje oj~jedje% @jpj pmxrmh}p `kko}rpxjrkije `joja rkahgo!rkahgo

,8*:`8"2$0Jh-=bJ-HM#jB&m@&M+% I}a~}oje rkahgo pmxrmh}p hmo}a ama~mxokljpije

ajiej j~j!j~j% ]ep}i kp}ojl/ ~memokpk amoji}ije xm`}irk `jpj `medje bjxj rmhjdjk hmxki}p6

:% Amakokl `jpj {jed `kjeddj~ ~mepked9 ^j`j ko}rpxjrk `k jpjr `k~kokl `jpj {jed `ke{jpjije

`joja hmep}i l}x}c `je jedij ,8:`820Jh=bJHMjBm@M+ rmhjdjk `jpj {jed `kjeddj~

~mepked% Rm`jedije `jpj ojke {jed `ke{jpjije `joja rkahgo ,*"$--#&&+ `kh}jed ijxmej

`kjeddj~ pk`ji ~mepked%

8% Amah}jp ijpmdgxk `jpj9 ^j`j ko}rpxjrk `k jpjr `kh}jp pkdj ijpmdgxk {jkp} l}x}c hmrjx/ l}x}c

imbko/ `je jedij%


4/10

2% Amedmoga~giije `jpj `joja rmpkj~ ijpmdgxk9 ^j`j ko}rpxjrk `k jpjr/ `jpj `kimoga~giije

`joja pkdj ijpmdgxk {jed pmojl `kpmpj~ije {jkp} l}x}c hmrjx ,JJHMB@M+/ l}x}c imbko ,`hbjm+/

`je jedij ,8:820=+%

^xgrmr xm`}irk `jpj {jed `kko}rpxjrkije `k jpjr/ ama~mxokljpije hjltj `jpj ,bjpjpje

oj~jedje+ {jed rmhmo}ae{j pk`ji fmojr ,rmamxjt}p+ amefj`k omhkl fmojr `je rkrpmajpkr%

Pmx`j~jp ~mxhm`jje {jed b}i}~ amebgogi jepjxj `jpj bjpjpje oj~jedje `medje `jpj {jed

pmojl `kxm`}irk% ^xgrmr pmxrmh}p pmep}e{j jije ama~mxa}`jl ~memokpk amajiejk ajiej {jed

pmxije`}ed ~j`j pjlj~ jejokrkr rmojef}pe{j% @joja ~xjipmie{j/ xm`}irk `jpj pk`ji rma}`jl

rm~mxpk {jed `kp}ef}iije ~j`j ko}rpxjrk `k jpjr% @k~mxo}ije ~xgrmr hmx~kikx ixmjpkc/

imbmxajpje/ `je f}dj tjtjrje {jed o}jr pmepjed `jpj {jed rm`jed `kpmokpk%

Hjdk ~memokpk ~ma}oj/ xm`}irk `jpj `j~jp `koji}ije amojo}k `kri}rk `medje pmaje

rmfjtjp jpj} gxjed {jed `k~je`jed jlok `joja hk`jede{j% @kri}rk jije amah}ij `je

amedmahjedije tjtjrje ~memokpk rmlkeddj `j~jp amxm`}irk `jpj `medje hjki% Xm`}irk `jpj

{jed hjki jije amedljrkoije rmf}aojl `jpj {jed amakokik ekojk!ekojk pma}je rmhjdjk hjlje

}ep}i amejxki imrka~}oje%

H% ^me{jfkje ,@kr~oj{+ @jpj

Rmpmojl `jpj `kxm`}irk/ ojedijl jejokrkr rmojef}pe{j j`jojl ~me{jfkje ,`kr~oj{+ `jpj%

^me{jfkje `jpj `kjxjlije jdjx `jpj ljrko xm`}irk pmxgxdjekrjrkije/ pmxr}r}e `joja ~goj

l}h}edje/ rmlkeddj ajike a}`jl `k~jljak% ^me{jfkje `jpj `j~jp `koji}ije `joja hmep}i

}xjkje ejxjpkc/ hjdje/ l}h}edje jepjx ijpmdgxk/ `kjdxja jo}x ,cogt bljxp+/ `je ojke rmfmekre{j%

^me{jfkje `jpj `joja hmep}i!hmep}i pmxrmh}p jije ama}`jlije ~memokpk amajljak

j~j {jed pmxfj`k `je amxmebjejije imxfj ~memokpkje rmojef}pe{j% ^j`j ojedijl kek/ ~memokpk

hmx}rjlj ame{}r}e `jpj {jed xmomsje rmlkeddj amefj`k kecgxajrk {jed `j~jp `krka~}oije

`je amakokik ajiej pmxpmep}% ^xgrmre{j `j~jp `koji}ije `medje bjxj ameja~koije `je

amah}jp l}h}edje jepjx cmegamej }ep}i amajiejk j~j {jed rmhmejxe{j pmxfj`k `je j~j

{jed ~mxo} `kpke`jiojef}pk }ep}i amebj~jk p}f}je ~memokpkje% ^meja~koje jpj} `kr~oj{ `jpj

{jed hjki `je fmojr jo}x ~kikxe{j amx}~jije ljo {jed rjedjp `kljxj~jije goml rmpkj~ ~memokpk%

@kr~oj{ `jpj {jed hjki amx}~jije rjp} ojedijl ~mepked ame}f} pmxbj~jke{j jejokrkr

i}jokpjpkc {jed sjok` `je lje`jo%

Rmbjxj rm`mxljej/ ko}rpxjrk ~me{jfkje `jpj `j~jp `kdjahjxije rmhjdjk hmxki}p6


5/10

Ljrko xm`}irk `jpj ~j`j ko}rpxjrk `k ama~mxokljpije `jpj {jed pmojl `kimoga~gijehmx`jrjxije ijpmdgxk pmxpmep} {jkp} l}x}c hmrjx ,JJHMB@M+ l}x}c imbko ,`hbjm+ `je jedij

,8:820=+% I}a~}oje `jpj `jxk rmpkj~ ijpmdgxk hmo}a ama~mxokljpije j`je{j ~goj pmxpmep}%

]ep}i kp}ojl/ ~memokpk amoji}ije `kr~oj{ `jpj `medje bjxj ame{jfkije `jpj hmx`jrjxije ~goj

pmxpmep} ,`joja hmep}i }x}pje+% Ljrko `kr~oj{ `jpj pmxrmh}p j`jojl j`je{j pkdj imoga~gi `jpj

{jkp} l}x}c hmrjx ,JHB@M+ l}x}c imbko ,jhb`m+ `je jedij ,:820=+ {jed pmojl pmxrjfk `joja

r}jp} ~goj ,hmx`jrjxije }x}pje{j+% Pmxokljp j`je{j ~mxhm`jje jepjxj ljrko xm`}irk `jpj

`medje `kr~oj{ `jpj% ^me{jfkje `jpj `joja r}jp} ~goj pmxpmep} jije amahmxkije ima}`jlje

hjdk ~memokpk }ep}i ame`j~jpije pma}je rmlkeddj {jed `j~jp `kfj`kije oje`jrje `joja

amedjahko imrka~}oje%

B% Smxkckijrk @jpj ,Bgebo}rkge @xjtked+

Ojedijl hmxki}pe{j `joja ~xgrmr jejokrkr `jpj i}jokpjpkc j`jojl amejxki imrka~}oje

hmx`jrjxije pma}je `je amoji}ije smxkckijrk `jpj% Imrka~}oje jtjo {jed `kima}ije ajrkl

hmxrkcjp rmamepjxj `je jije hmx}hjl hkoj `kpma}ije h}ipk!h}ipk i}jp {jed ame`}i}ed pjlj~

~med}a~}oje `jpj hmxki}pe{j% ^xgrmr }ep}i ame`j~jpije h}ipk!h}ipk kekojl {jed `krmh}p

rmhjdjk smxkckijrk `jpj% J~jhkoj imrka~}oje {jed `kima}ijije ~j`j pjlj~ jtjo `k`}i}ed

goml h}ipk!h}ipk {jed i}jp `joja jxpk igerkrpme `medje ige`krk {jed `kpma}ije rjjp ~memokpk

imahjok im oj~jedje ajij imrka~}oje {jed `k~mxgoml amx}~jije imrka~}oje {jed ixm`khmo%

Rmfji jtjo ~med}a~}oje `jpj/ ~memokpk rmhjkie{j a}ojk ama}p}rije jepjxj `jpj {jed

ama~}e{jk ajiej `medje `jpj {jed pk`ji `k~mxo}ije jpj} pk`ji hmxajiej% ^j`j ojedijl

smxkckijrk kek ~memokpk rmhjkie{j ajrkl pmpj~ pmxh}ij }ep}i amemxkaj ajr}ije `jpj% Hjlije

~j`j ojedijl smxkckijrk kek rmhjdkje ~memokpk f}dj ajrkl ij`jed xjd}!xjd} am{jikeije

`kxke{j j~jijl `j~jp amebj~jk imrka~}oje ~j`j pkedijp ckejo/ `k ajej ojedijl ~med}a~}oje


6/10

`jpj `ke{jpjije pmojl hmxjilkx% Impkij ~memokpk pmxf}e im oj~jedje/ hkjrje{j amxmij

ame`j~jpije hjltj rmhmejxe{j hje{ji hmep}i `je xjdja dmfjoj jpj} kecgxajrk {jed

`kpma}k/ pmpj~k pk`ji rma}j `jpj `j~jp `k~xgrmr jpj} `kjahko rmhjdjk ~me`}i}ed cgi}r

~memokpkje/ jpj} amedjxjl ~j`j pmxbj~jke{j imrka~}oje% Lje{j `jpj {jed amakokik

~mxr{jxjpje pmxpmep} rjfj {jed `k~mxo}ije ~memokpk% ^mxr{jxjpje `jpj {jed `j~jp `k~xgrmr

`joja jejokrkr omhkl ojef}p rm~mxpk/ jhrjl/ hmxhghgp/ `je_ i}jp/ rm`jedije `jpj ojke {jed pk`ji

ame}efjed/ omajl/ `je ame{ka~jed fj}l `jxk imhkjrjje ljx}r `k~krjlije% Amakokl `jpj

{jed amame}lk ~mxr{jxjpje pmxrmh}p pk`jiojl a}`jl% ^xgrmr pmxrmh}p `k rja~ked amamxo}ije

impmokpkje `je imbmxajpje/ ~memokpk ljx}r amedd}ejije ampg`m {jed sjxkjpkc `je pm~jp jdjx

`k~mxgoml `jpj {jed `j~jp `kd}ejije }ep}i p}f}je xm`}irk% ]ep}i amebj~jk p}f}je pmxrmh}p

hmhmxj~j pjipki ~mepked pmxajr}i pmrpked jpj} amedigeckxajrk ajiej/ amedlke`jxk hkjr/ `je

am{jikeije i}jokpjr imrka~}oje ~mxo} `koji}ije rmojaj amoji}ije jejokrkr `jpj% ]ep}i

`j~jp amedmpjl}k i}jokpjr `jpj/ rmgxjed ~memokpk `j~jp amekojk amojo}k hmhmxj~j ampg`m

rm~mxpk hmxki}p6

j% Amedmbmixm~xmrmepjpksmemrr jpj} impmxtjikoje `jpj

h% Amedmbmi `jpj `jxk ~medjx}l ~memokpk

b% Amedmbmi amojo}k pxkjed}ojrk

`% Amoji}ije ~mahghgpje h}ipk `jxk r}ahmx `jpj!`jpj {jed `j~jp `k~mxbj{j

m% Amah}jp ~mxhje`kedje jpj} amedigepxjrije `jpj

c% ^medd}ejje ijr}r mirpxka {jed `kxmjokrjrk `medje amajiejk `jpj emdjpkc

@medje amedigeckxajrk ajiej rmpkj~ `jpj {jed `k~mxgoml `medje amedd}ejije rjp}

bjxj jpj} omhkl/ `kljxj~ije ~memokpk ama~mxgoml kecgxajrk {jed `j~jp `kd}ejije }ep}i

ame`}i}ed pmxbj~jke{j p}f}je ~memokpkje% @medje `makikje imrka~}oje `joja ~memokpkje

i}jokpjpkc a}edike `j~jp amefjtjh x}a}rje ajrjojl {jed `kpmpj~ije rmfji jtjo/ pmpj~k

a}edike f}dj pk`ji/ ijxmej rm~mxpk x}a}rje ajrjojl `joja ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc ajrkl_

hmxrkcjp rmamepjxj `je jije hmximahjed rmpmojl ~memokpk hmxj`j `k oj~jedje%

^mejxkije imrka~}oje `joja ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc {jed `kljxj~ije j`jojl amx}~jije

pma}je hjx} {jed hmo}a ~mxejl j`j% Pma}je pmxrmh}p `j~jp hmx}~j `mrixk~rk jpj} djahjxje

r}jp} ghfmi {jed rmhmo}ae{j xmajedxmajed jpj} dmoj~ amefj`k fmojr rmpmojl `kpmokpk% Pma}je

pmxrmh}p `j~jp hmx}~j l}h}edje ij}rjo jpj} kepmxjipkc/ hkrj f}dj hmx}~j lk~gpmrkr jpj} pmgxk%

@% ^med}fkje Imjhrjlje @jpj

@joja ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc pma}je jpj} `jpj `ke{jpjije sjok` j~jhkoj pk`ji j`j

~mxhm`jje jepjxj {jed `koj~gxije ~memokpk `medje j~j {jed rmr}edd}le{j pmxfj`k ~j`j ghfmi{jed `kpmokpk% Imhmejxje xmjokpjr `joja ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc pk`ji hmxrkcjp p}eddjo pmpj~k fjaji


7/10

`je pmxdjep}ed ~j`j imaja~}je ~memokpk amedigepx}irk cmegamej {jed `kjajpk/ rmxpj

`khmep}i `joja `kxk rmgxjed rmhjdjk ljrko ~xgrmr amepjo pkj~ ke`ksk`} `medje ojpjx

hmojijede{j% Goml ijxmej kp} fkij j`j okaj gxjed ~memokpk `medje ojpjx hmojijed hmxhm`j

amemokpk ghfmi {jed rjaj jije ame`j~jpije okaj pma}je `je rma}je{j `ke{jpjije sjok`

fkij {jed `kpma}ije pmxrmh}p pk`ji hmxhm`j j~j {jed pmxfj`k rmr}edd}le{j ~j`j ghfmi {jed

`kpmokpk% ]fk imjhrjlje `jpj `joja ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc amok~}pk }fk bxm`khkokp{ ,sjok`kpjr

kepmxejo+/ pxjercmxjhkokp{ ,sjok`kpjr mirpmxejo+/ `m~me`jhkokp{ ,xmokjhkokpjr+ `je bgecgxajhkokp{

,ghfmipkskpjr+%

:% ]fk Ixm`khkokpjr

Hmxajbja!ajbja bjxj ~med}fkje ixm`khkokpjr `jpj `kp}ef}ije ~j` djahjx 2%=%

Hmx`jrjxije djahjx pmxrmh}p pmxokljp hjltj }fk ixm`khkokpjr `jpj jpj} im~mxbj{jje pmxlj`j~

`jpj ljrko ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc jepjxj ojke `koji}ije `medje ~mx~jefjedje ~medjajpje/

~mekedijpje impmi}eje `joja ~memokpkje/ pxkjed}ojrk/ `kri}rk `medje pmaje rmfjtjp/ jejokrkr

ijr}r emdjpkc/ `je amahmx blmbi%


8/10

j% ^mx~jefjedje ^medjajpje

@medje ~mx~jefjedje ~medjajpje hmxjxpk ~memokpk imahjok im oj~jedje/ amoji}ije

~medjajpje/ tjtjebjxj ojdk `medje r}ahmx `jpj {jed ~mxejl `kpma}k aj}~}e {jed hjx}%

@medje ~mx~jefjedje ~medjajpje kek l}h}edje ~memokpk `medje r}ahmx `jpj jije rmajike

pmxhmep}i/ rmajike jixjh/ rmajike pmxh}ij/ rjoked ama~mxbj{jk rmlkeddj pk`ji j`j kecgxajrk

{jed `krmah}e{kije% Imlj`kxje ~memokpk `kjeddj~ amx}~jije imtjfjxje rmlkeddj imlj`kxje

~memokpk pk`ji jije ameddjed} ~mxkoji} {jed `k~mojfjxk% Ojaje{j ~mx~jefjedje ~medjajpje

rjedjp pmxdjep}ed ~j`j im`jojaje/ imo}jrje/ `je im~jrpkje `jpj% Im`jojaje jxpke{j j~jijl

~memokpk ameddjok `jpj rja~jk `k~mxgoml ajiej {jed ~jrpk% Imo}jrje hmxjxpk hje{ji

rm`kikpe{j jpj} imp}epjrje kecgxajrk {jed `k~mxgoml% @jpj {jed ~jrpk j`jojl `jpj {jed sjok`

{jed rmr}jk `medje j~j {jed pmxfj`k% @joja ~mx~jefjedje ~medjajpje%}ep}i amed}fk

ixm`khkokpjr `jpj/ rmhjokie{j `kcgi}rije ~j`j ~med}fkje pmxlj`j~ `jpj {jed pmojl `k~mxgoml/

j~jijl `jpj {jed `k~mxgoml kp} hmejx jpj} pk`ji%

h% Amekedijpije Impmi}eje

Amekedijpije impmi}eje hmxjxpk amoji}ije ~medjajpje rmbjxj omhkl bmxajp `je

hmximrkejah}edje% @medje bjxj pmxrmh}p ajij im~jrpkje `jpj `je }x}pje ~mxkrpktj jije

`j~jp `kxmija rmbjxj ~jrpk `je rkrpmajpki% Amekedijpije impmi}eje `kkhjxjpije ikpj rm`jed

amedmxfjije rgjo!rgjo }fkje jpj} amemokpk imahjok p}okrje `joja ajijojl j`j {jed rjojl jpj}

pk`ji% @medje amekedijpije impmi}eje/ ~memokpk `j~jp amoji}ije ~medmbmije imahjok

j~jijl `jpj {jed `kpma}ije kp} rjojl jpj} pk`ji rmlkeddj `j~jp amahmxkije `mrixk~rk `jpj

{jed ji}xjp `je rkrpmajpkr pmepjed j~j {jed `kjajpk%

b% Pxkjed}ojrk

Pxkjed}ojrk `joja ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc `kjxpkije rmhjdjk ~med}fkje imjhrjlje `jpj

{jed `k~mxgoml `jxk hmxhjdjk r}ahmx/ hmxhjdjk ampg`m/ `je hmxhjdjk tjip}% Goml ijxmeje{j

pmx`j~jp pmieki ~med}fkje imjhrjlje `jpj amojo}k pxkjed}ojrk r}ahmx/ pxkjed}ojrk ampg`m/ `je

pxkjed}ojrk tjip}% Pxkjed}ojrk r}ahmx }ep}i amed}fk imjhrjlje `jpj `koji}ije `medje bjxj

amedmbmi `jpj {jed pmojl `k~mxgoml im~j`j hmhmxj~j r}ahmx% Rmhjdjk bgepgl }ep}i amed}fk

ixm`khkokpjr `jpj pmepjed dj{j im~maka~keje im~joj rmigojl ajij ~med}fkje `jpj `j~jp

`koji}ije pmxlj`j~ d}x} `je rpjc Pjpj ]rjlj rmigojl% @jpj {jed `k~mxgoml `k`mrixk~rkije/

`kijpmdgxkije/ ajej ~je`jedje {jed rjaj/ ajej {jed hmxhm`j rmxpj ajej {jed r~mrkcki `jxk

impkdj r}ahmx pmxrmh}p% @jpj {jed pmojl `kjejokrkr rja~jk amedljrkoije r}jp} imrka~}oje

rmojef}pe{j `kakepjije imrm~jijpje ~j`j pkdj r}ahmx `jpj pj`k% Pxkjed}ojrk pmieki }ep}i

amed}fk ixm`khkokpjr `jpj `koji}ije `medje bjxj amedmbmi ~j`j r}ahmx {jed rjaj pmpj~k`medje pmieki hmxhm`j% Akrjoe{j `jpj {jed `k~mxgoml amojo}k tjtjebjxj ima}`kje `kbmi


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`medje `jpj ljrko ghrmxsjrk/ jpj} ljrko jejokrkr `gi}ame% Hkoj amedljrkoije `jpj hmxhm`j/

~memokpk amoji}ije `kri}rk omhkl ojef}p `medje r}ahmx `jpj {jed hmxrjedi}pje }ep}i

ame`j~jpije `jpj {jed `kjeddj~ hmejx% Jpj} a}edike rma}je{j hmejx ijxmej rmpkj~ r}ahmx

`jpj amakokik r}`}p ~je`jed {jed hmxhm`j%

@joja hmhmxj~j ljo/ tjip} ~medjahkoje `jpj rmxked ijok ama~medjx}lk ixm`khkokpjr

`jpj% Akrjoe{j/ `jpj {jed `k~mxgoml amojo}k tjtjebjxj ~j`j ~jdk ljxk/ hmxhm`j `medje `jpj

{jed `k~mxgoml amojo}k tjtjebjxj ~j`j rkjed ljxk jpj} rgxm ljxk% ]ep}i kp}/ `k~mxo}ije

~med}fkje ~j`j tjip} `je rkp}jrk {jed hmxhm`j% Hkoj amedljrkoije `jpj hmxhm`j ~medjahkoje

`jpj ~mxo} `koji}ije hmx}ojed!}ojed rja~jk ame`j~jpije im~jrpkje `jpj%

`% Jejokrkr @jpj Ijr}r Emdjpkc

Ijr}r emdjpkc j`jojl ijr}r {jed pk`ji rmr}jk jpj} hmxhm`j `medje ljrko ~memokpkje

lkeddj ~j`j rjjp pmxpmep}% @medje amoji}ije jejokrkr ijr}r emdjpkc hmxjxpk ~memokpk amebjxk

`jpj {jed hmxpmepjedje `medje `jpj {jed pmojl `kpma}ije% Hkoj pk`ji j`j ojdk `jpj {jed

hmxhm`j jpj} hmxpmepjedje `medje ljrko pma}je ajij ljrko pma}je pmxrmh}p r}`jl `j~jp

`k~mxbj{j% Jije pmpj~k hkoj ajrkl pmx`j~jp `jpj {jed hmxhm`j jpj} hmxpmepjedje `medje ljrko

pma}je pmx`j~jp ima}edikeje ~memokpk ljx}r amx}hjl pma}jee{j% Ljo kek pmxdjep}ed ~j`j

rmhmxj~j hmrjx ijr}r emdjpkc {jed a}eb}o%

m%Amahmx Blmbi

Amahmx blmbij`jojl ~xgrmr ~medmbmije `jpj {jed `k~mxgoml ~memokpk im~j`j r}ahmx

`jpje{j% P}f}jee{j j`jojl }ep}i amedmpjl}k imrmr}jkje `jpj {jed `kpma}ije `medje `jpj

{jed `khmxkije goml r}ahmx `jpj% J~jhkoj `jpj {jed `kpma}ije `krm~jijpk goml r}ahmx `jpj

ajij `jpj pmxrmh}p sjok`/ jije pmpj~k hkoj pk`ji `krm~jijpk ~mxo} `koji}ije `kri}rk omhkl ojef}p

`medje r}ahmx `jpj% Fkij ~mxhm`jjee{j rjedjp fmojr ~memokpk ljx}r amx}hjl ljrko pma}jee{j%

Amahmx blmbi`j~jp `koji}ije rmpmojl ~med}a~}oje `jpj rmomrjk/ rmpmojl ame`j~jp pma}je/

jpj} rmpmojl ama~mxgoml imrka~}oje%

8% ]fk Pxjercmxjhkokp{

Pxjercmxjhkokp{ ~j`j ~memokpkje i}jokpjpkc hmximejje `medje ~mxpje{jje/ lkeddj `kajej

~memokpkje `j~jp `kpmxj~ije jpj} `kd}ejije `joja rkp}jrk ojke% Pxjercmxjhkokp{ pmxdjep}ed ~j`j

~majijk/ ajejijoj ljrko ~memokpkje pmxrmh}p `j~jp `kd}ejije `joja igepmir `je rkp}jrk rgrkjo

ojke% Goml ijxmej kp}/ ~memokpk ljx}r amah}jp oj~gxjee{j `medje }xjkje {jed xkebk/ fmojr/

rkrpmajpki rmlkeddj `j~jp `k~mxbj{j% @medje `makikje ~mahjbj amefj`k fmojr `je

ama}p}rije `j~jp jpj} pk`jie{j ljrko ~memokpkje pmxrmh}p `kj~okijrkije `kpma~jp ojke%


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2% ]fk@m~me`jhkokp{

]fk `m~me`jhkokp{ `koji}ije amojo}k j}`kp pmxlj`j~ imrmo}x}lje ~xgrmr ~memokpkje%

Rmxked pmxfj`k rmgxjed ~memokpk pk`ji amoji}ije ~xgrmr ~memokpkje {jed rmhmejxe{j pmpj~k

~memokpk pmxrmh}p `j~jp amahmxkije `jpj% Goml ijxmej kp} ljx}r `koji}ije }fk `m~me`jhkokp{%

^med}fkje `m~me`jhkokp{ hkjrje{j `koji}ije goml pka j}`kpgx ke`m~me`me/ jpj} ~mahkahked

}ep}i amedj}`kp imrmo}x}lje jipkskpjr ~memokpk `joja amojirjejije ~memokpkje% Fkij ~memokpk

pk`ji ama~}e{jk jpj} pk`ji aja~} ame}ef}iije jipkskpjre{j `k oj~jedje ajij

`m~me`jhkokpjr ~memokpkjee{j ~jp}p `kxjd}ije% ^memokpk ljx}r aja~} amah}ipkije hjltj

rmo}x}l xjedijkje ~xgrmr ~memokpkje a}ojk `jxk amemep}ije cgi}r' ajrjojl/ amajr}ik

oj~jedje/ amed}a~}oije `jpj/ amedjejokrkr `jpj/ rja~jk amah}jp r}jp} imrka~}oje hmejx!

hmejx `koji}ije%

0% ]fk Bgeckxajhkokp{

]fk bgeckxajhkokp{ akxk~ `medje }fk `m~me`jhkokp{ rmlkeddj ~med}fkjee{j `j~jp

`koji}ije rmbjxj hmxrjajje% ]fk bgeckxajhkokp{ hmxjxpk amed}fk ljrko ~memokpkje% Hkoj ljrko

~memokpkje amx}~jije c}edrk `jxk ~xgrmr ~memokpkje {jed `koji}ije/ ajij ~memokpkje pmxrmh}p

pmojl amame}lk rpje`jx bgeckxajhkokp{e{j%

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