pengaruh atribut produk islam dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan pendapatan dan...

7/31/2019 PENGARUH ATRIBUT PRODUK ISLAM DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP TINGKAT PERTUMBUHAN PENDAPATAN D

1/91

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Qegkhsuj H}socu} Qsimu` O|bhf mhg @uhbo}h|Qebhyhghg }esjhmhq ]ogk`h} Qes}ufcujhg

Qegmhqh}hg mhgSe}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/

megkhg @equh|hg Gh|hchj mhg Biyhbo}h|

Gh|hchj |echkho Thsohceb Og}estegogk

*\}umo Efqoso| Qhmh Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj mo Ogmige|oh/

\@SOQ\O

Mohnu`hg |echkho |hbhj |h}u |yhsh}

ug}u` fegyebe|ho`hg Qsikshf \hsnhgh *\8/ qhmh Qsikshf \hsnhgh Dh`ub}h| E`igifo

Ugotes|o}h| Moqigekisi

Mo|u|ug ibej >

F' SOD@O CH@J]OHS GOF' L3L41;1::

DH@UB]H\ E@IGIFO UGOTES\O]H\ MOQIGEKISI

\EFHSHGK 3188


2/91

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QES\E]UNUHG \@SOQ\O

Ghfh Qegyu|ug > F' Sodò Ch`j}ohs

Gifis Ogmu` Fhjh|o|{h > L3L41;1::

Dhùb}h|)Nusu|hg > Eìgifo)Hùg}hg|o

Numub \`soq|o > QEGKHSUJ H]SOCU] QSIMU@ O\BHF

MHG @UHBO]H\ QEBH_HGHG

]ESJHMHQ ]OGK@H] QES]UFCUJHG

QEGMHQH]HG MHGSE]USG IG H\\E]\

*SIH/ MEGKHG @EQUH\HG GH\HCHJ

MHG BI_HBO]H\ GH\HCHJ \ECHKHO

THSOHCEB OG]ESTEGOGK> \]UMO

EFQOSO\ QHMH CHG@ UFUF \_HSOHJ

MO OGMIGE\OH

Mi|eg Qefcofcogk > Jn' \o}o Fu}fhoghj" \'E'" F'\o'" H`}'

\efhshgk" 8< \eq}efces 3188

Mi|eg Qefcofcogk"

*Jn' \o}o Fu}fhoghj" \'E'" F'\o'" H`}'/

GOQ' 8?;


3/91

ooo

QEGKE\HJHG @EBUBU\HG UNOHG

]ebhj mogyh}h`hg bubu| unohg qhmh }hgkkhb ''''''''''8 L3L41;1::

Dhùb}h|)Nusu|hg > Eìgifo)Hùg}hg|o

Numub \`soq|o > QEGKHSUJ H]SOCU] QSIMU@ O\BHF

MHG @UHBO]H\ QEBH_HGHG

]ESJHMHQ ]OGK@H] QES]UFCUJHG

QEGMHQH]HG MHGSE]USG IG H\\E]\

*SIH/ MEGKHG @EQUH\HG GH\HCHJ

MHG BI_HBO]H\ GH\HCHJ \ECHKHO

THSOHCEB OG]ESTEGOGK> \]UMO

EFQOSO\ QHMH CHG@ UFUF \_HSOHJ

MO OGMIGE\OH


4/91

ot

QESG_H]HHG ISO\OGHBO]H\ \@SOQ\O_hgk ces}hgmh}hgkhg mo ch{hj ogo |hyh" F' Sodò Ch`j}ohs" fegyh}h`hg

chj{h |`soq|o megkhg numub> Qegkhsuj H}socu} Qsimu` O|bhf mhg @uhbo}h|

Qebhyhghg }esjhmhq ]ogk`h} Qes}ufcujhg Qegmhqh}hg mhg Se}usg ig H||e}|

*SIH/ megkhg @equh|hg Gh|hchj mhg Biyhbo}h| Gh|hchj |echkho Thsohceb

Og}estegogk> \}umo Efqoso| Qhmh Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj mo Ogmige|oh" hmhbhj jh|ob

}ubo|hg |hyh |egmoso' Megkhg ogo |hyh fegyh}h`hg megkhg |e|ugkkujgyh chj{h

mhbhf |`soq|o ogo }omh` }esmhqh} è|ebusujhg h}hu |echkohg }ubo|hg ishgk bhog yhgk

|hyh hfcob megkhg lhsh fegyhbog h}hu fegosu mhbhf ceg}u` shgk`hohg `hbofh}

h}hu |ofcib yhgk fegugnu``hg khkh|hg h}hu qegmhqh} h}hu qefoòshg mhso qegubo|

bhog" yhgk |hyh hùo |eibhj&ibhj |echkho }ubo|hg |hyh |egmoso" mhg)h}hu }omh`

}esmhqh} chkohg h}hu è|ebusujhg }ubo|hg yhgk |hyh |hbog" }osu" h}hu yhgk |hyhhfcob mhso }ubo|hg ishgk bhog }hgqh fefceso`hg qegkhùhg qegubo| h|bogyh'

Hqhcobh |hyh febhù`hg }ogmh`hg yhgk ces}eg}hgkhg megkhg jhb }es|ecu}

mo h}h|" cho` mo|egkhnh fhuqug }omh`" megkhg ogo |hyh fegyh}h`hg feghso` |`soq|o

yhgk |hyh hnu`hg |echkho jh|ob }ubo|hg |hyh |egmoso' Cobh èfumohg }escu`}o chj{h

|hyh febhù`hg }ogmh`hg fegyhbog h}hu fegosu }ubo|hg ishgk bhog |eibhj&ibhj

jh|ob qefoòshg |hyh |egmoso" ceshs}o kebhs mhg onh|hj yhgk }ebhj moceso`hg ibej

ugotes|o}h| ch}hb |hyh }esofh'

\efhshgk" 8< \eq}efces 3188

_hgk fefcuh} qesgyh}hhg"

*F' Sodò Ch`j}ohs/GOF' L3L 41; 1::


5/91


6/91

to

HC\]SHL]

]je dilu| id }jo| se|ehslj {h| }je u|e id h chbhglem |liselhsm {jolj

oglbume| }je h}}socu}e| id O|bhfol qsimul}| hgm xuhbo}y |estole }i }je beteb id

setegue ksi{}j hgm Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ \jhsoh Liffeslohb Chg`| {o}j

lu|}ifes |h}o|dhl}oig hgm lu|}ifes biyhb}y h| hg og}estegogk thsohcbe

]je me}esfogh}oig id |hfqbe| og }jo| |}umy u|ogk qusqi|ote |hfqbogk

fe}jim' ]je xue|}oigghose id 831 lu|}ifes| \jhsoh Liffeslohb Chg`| {jolj

xuhbody h| |hfqbe| hghby~em }ike}jes {o}j }je xuhs}esby doghglohb |}h}efeg}|' Mh}h

hghby|o| }iib u|em {h| h \}sul}ushb Exuh}oig Fimebbogk *\EF/ h} 84'1 HFI\

qsikshf'

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igby cy }je xuhbo}y id lhse" *3/ lu|}ifes biyhb}y {h| ogdbueglem mosel}by cy }je

qsimul} h}}socu}e| id O|bhf" *


7/91

too

HC\]SH@

Diù| qegebo}ohg ogo hmhbhj qegkkughhg chbhglem |liselhsmyhgk feboqu}o

h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf mhg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg

qegmhqh}hg mhg Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj megkhg èquh|hg

gh|hchj mhg biyhbo}h| gh|hchj |echkho thsohceb og}estegogk

Qegeg}uhg |hfqeb mhbhf qegebo}ohg ogo fegkkugh`hg qusqi|ote |hfqbogk'

@ue|oiges mhso 831 gh|hchj Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj yhgk fh|u` `so}esoh |hfqeb

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mokugh`hg hmhbhj \}sul}ushb Exuh}oig Fimebbogk *\EF/ qhmh qsikshf HFI\

84'1'

Jh|ob hghbo|o| mh}h fegugnu``hg chj{h> *8/ èquh|hg gh|hchj jhgyh

moqegkhsujo |elhsh bhgk|ugk ibej ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg" *3/ biyhbo}h| gh|hchj

moqegkhsujo |elhsh bhgk|ugk ibej h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf" *


8/91

tooo

@H]H QEGKHG]HS

H||hbhfuhbhoùf [h Shjfh}ubbhjo [h Chsh`h}uj

Hbjhfmubobbhjoshccobhbhfog" megkhg |ekhbh èsegmhjhg jh}o" qegubo|

qhgnh}`hg quno |yuùs èqhmh Hbbhj \ucjhghju [h ]hhbh yhgk }ebhj

febofqhj`hg shjfh} mhg `hsugoh&Gyh" |ejogkkh qegubo| mhqh} fegyebe|ho`hg

|`soq|o ogo megkhg numub Qegkhsuj H}socu} Qsimu` O|bhf mhg @uhbo}h|

Qebhyhghg }esjhmhq ]ogk`h} Qes}ufcujhg Qegmhqh}hg mhg Se}usg ig H||e}|

*SIH/ megkhg @equh|hg Gh|hchj mhg Biyhbo}h| Gh|hchj |echkho Thsohceb

Og}estesgogk> \}umo Efqoso| Qhmh Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj mo Ogmige|oh|echkho

|hbhj |h}u qes|yhsh}hg ug}u` fegyebe|ho`hg qsikshf |}umo \8 Dhùb}h| Eìgifo

Nusu|hg Hùg}hg|o Ugotes|o}h| Moqigekisi \efhshgk' Hmhqug }unuhg

mohmh`hggyh qegebo}ohg ogo hmhbhj ug}u` fegkhghbo|o| ce|hsgyh qes|eq|o gh|hchj

}esjhmhq h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf mhg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg yhgk hmh mo qeschg`hg

|yhsohj" |ejogkkh mhqh} fefceso`hg qefhjhfhg fegkegho èùshgkhg

qeschg`hg |yhsohj mhso |umu} qhgmhgk gh|hchj yhgk cesqegkhsuj nukh qhmh

ògesnh euhgkhg qeschg`hg |yhsohj' Megkhg mefoòhg mojhshq`hg jh|ob qegebo}ohg

ogo mhqh} fegnhmo fh|u`hg chko chmhg qefcuh} |}hgmhs *FUO/ mhg qefesog}hj

|ebhù sekubh}is mhbhf fegogk`h}`hg ùhbo}h| |}hgmhs mhg qesh}ushg yhgk hmh

|ejogkkh fegnhmo`hg qeschg`hg |yhsohj mo}esofh ibej fh|yhsh`h} mhg moces`hjo

Hbbhj \ucjhghju {h ]hhbh'

Qegubo| fegyhmhso chj{h |`soq|o ogo }omh` fugkòg }es|ebe|ho`hg megkhg

cho` }hgqh hmhgyh muùgkhg" cofcogkhg" chg}uhg" |es}h mih mhso ceschkho qojh`


9/91

oz

|ebhfh qegyu|ughg |`soq|o ogo' Ibej `hsegh o}u" mhbhf è|efqh}hg ogo qegubo|

megkhg e}ubu|hg jh}o fegkulhq`hg }esofh h|oj èqhmh>

8' Chqh` Qsid' Ms|' J' Fijhfhm Gh|os" F'|o'" H`}" Qj'M" |ebhù Me`hgDhùb}h| Eìgifo Ugotes|o}h| Moqigekisi'

3' Ocu Jn' \o}o Fu}fhoghj" \E'" F'\o'" H`}'" |ebhù mi|eg qefcofcogk yhgk}ebhj febuhgk`hg {h`}u ug}u` fefceso`hg gh|ejh} mhg hshjhg ug}u`

fegyebe|ho`hg |`soq|o ogo megkhg qeguj e|hchshg'


10/91


11/91

zo

MHD]HS O\O

Jhbhfhg

JHBHFHG NUMUB ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' o

JHBHFHG QES\E]UNUHG \@SOQ\O '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' oo

JHBHFHG QEGKE\HJHG @EBUBU\HG UNOHG ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ooo

QESG_H]HHG ISO\OGHBO]H\ \@SOQ\O'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ot

FI]I MHG QES\EFCHJHG'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' t

HC\]SHL]'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' to

HC\]SH@'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' too

@H]H QEGKHG]HS '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' tooo

MHD]HS O\O ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' zo

MHD]HS ]HCEB ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' zt

MHD]HS KHFCHS ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' zto

MHD]HS BHFQOSHG ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ztoo

CHC O QEGMHJUBUHG ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 8

8'8Bh}hs Cebh`hgk '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 88'3Sufu|hg Fh|hbhj '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ;8'


12/91

zoo

3'8'


13/91

zooo


14/91

zot

='3'5'< Ethbuh|o Fub}o`ibogehso}h|'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' :?

='3'5'= Hghbo|o| Mosel} Eddel}" Ogmosel} Eddel} mhg ]i}hb Eddel}:?

='3'4 Qegkunohg Gobho Se|omuhb ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?=

='< Thbomo}h| mhg Sebohcobo}h|'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''?=

='


15/91

zt

MHD]HS ]HCEB

Jhbhfhg

]hceb ='8 Nufbhj Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ;5

]hceb ='3 Nufbhj @ue|oiges '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ;4

]hceb ='< Nufbhj Se|qigmeg Qegebo}ohg ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ;4

]hceb ='= Me|`soq|o Se|qigmeg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ;;

]hceb ='5 Me|`soq|o Se|qigmeg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ;:

]hceb ='4 H||e|feg} id Gisfhbo}y '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' :;

]hceb ='; E|}ofh|o Qegkhsuj Bhgk|ugk ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' :?

]hceb =': E|}ofh|o Qegkhsuj ]omh` Bhgk|ugk '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?1

]hceb ='? E|}ofh|o Qegkhsuj ]i}hb ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?3

]hceb ='81 Uno Sehcobo}h| mhg Thsohgle Ez}shl}em''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?4

]hceb ='88 Sekse||oig [eokj}*Qegkhsuj Bhgk|ugk/ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?:

]hceb ='83 Sekse||oig [eokj}*Qegkhsuj ]omh` Bhgk|ugk/ '''''''''''''''''' ??

]hceb ='8< Jh|ob Uno Joqi}e|o| ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 81:


16/91

zto

MHD]HS KHFCHS

Jhbhfhg

Khfchs 8'8 Nhsogkhg @hg}is Qeschg`hg \yhsohj ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3

Khfchs 3'8 Qes|qe`}odChbhglem \liselhsm''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 31

Khfchs 3'3 @eshgk`h Qoòshg ]eiso}o| '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =:

Khfchs ='8 Fimeb Mohkshf Nhbus Jucugkhg @hu|hbo}h|'''''''''''''''''''''''''' :1

Khfchs ='3 Uno @igdosfh}iso Hg}hs @ig|}su`| E`|ikeg ''''''''''''''''''''''''' : \}h}o|}o`h Qeschg`hg \yhsohj Me|efces 3181

Qeschg`hg |yhsohj mo Ogmige|oh fegmhqh} se|qig yhgk luùq ce|hs mhso

fh|yhsh`h} mhg qojh` i}iso}h| fige}es *Chg` Ogmige|oh/' Cusjhgummog *3181/

fegnebh|`hg chj{h qesèfchgkhg qeschg`hg |yhsohj mo Ogmige|oh fesuqh`hg

|uh}u qes{unumhg mhso ècu}ujhg fh|yhsh`h} yhgk fegkjegmhò |uh}u |o|}ef

qeschg`hg yhgk fhfqu fegyemoh`hg nh|h èuhgkhg yhgk |ejh} mhg nukh

fefegujo qsog|oq&qsog|oq |yhsohj' Qesèfchgkhg |o|}ef èuhgkhg cesmh|hs`hg

qsog|oq |yhsohj |eceghsgyh }ebhj mofubho |ecebuf qefesog}hj |elhsh disfhb

febe}h``hg mh|hs&mh|hs juùf iqesh|oighbgyh' Ghfug mefoòhg" hkhs dugk|o

qeschg`hg mhqh} cesnhbhg iq}ofhb" }eg}u }e}hq moqesbu`hg qhyugk juùf yhgk

cesbhù |elhsh disfhb'

Se|qig mhso Chg` Ogmige|oh mo{unum`hg megkhg fegkebuhs`hg UU Gi' 81

}hjug 8??: }eg}hgk qesuchjhg h}h| UU Gi' ; }hjug 8??3 }eg}hgk Qeschg`hgyhgk

fege}hq`hg chj{h qegkefchgkhg |o|}ef qeschg`hg |yhsohj mo Ogmige|oh

mobhù`hg mhbhf èshgk`h muhb&chgògk |y|}ef h}hu |o|}ef qeschg`hg khgmh


20/91

èleqh}hg" e}eqh}hg" eshfhjhg mhg egyhfhghg'

Mo |hfqogk dh`}is&dh`}is qebhyhghg" }esmhqh} h}socu} qsimu` yhgk nukh fesuqh`hg

}o}o` }ibh` qegobhohg chko ìg|ufeg }eg}hgk }esqegujo h}hu }omh`gyh èquh|hg mhg

biyhbo}h| ìg|ufeg yhgk mojhshq`hg mhso |uh}u qsimu` yhgk |eceghsgyh' Mhbhf

qeschg`hg |yhsohj" h}socu} qsimu` }es|ecu} moomeg}odo`h|o |echkho h}socu}&h}socu}

qsimu` O|bhf yhgk cesguhg|h O|bhfo yhgk mo}h{hs`hg ibej chg` *Eb Nugu|o" 311?/'

\ebhog o}u" }ebhj |esogk moqesmech}`hg mhg moh|uf|o`hg fegkegho ògesnh

èuhgkhg iskhgo|h|o nh|h ceskhg}ugk qhmh }ogk`h} èquh|hg mhg biyhbo}h|

qebhgkkhg yhgk }ogkko *Je|è}}" m``'" 8??=0 Sullo" m``'" 8??:0 Seoljjebm mhg


22/91

5

Fhsèy" 31110 Thgmesfes{e" 31110 Dsemesol`|" 31180 Seoljjebm" 311= mhbhf

\obte|}si" 311;/' Ceceshqh qegebo}ohg hùg}hg|o }ebhj fegugnu``hg chj{h

}ogmh`hg èquh|hg qebhgkkhg hmhbhj ogmo`h}is u}hfh mhso ògesnh èuhgkhg *O}}ges

mhg Bhslès" 8??:0 Chgès" m``'" 3111 mhbhf \fo}j mhg [sokj}" 311=/' Chj`hg"

chgyh` yhgk cesqegmhqh} chj{h èquh|hg qebhgkkhg mhg biyhbo}h| hmhbhj |hbhj

|h}u ogmo`h}is yhgk qhbogk qeg}ogk chko ògesnh èuhgkhg nhgk`h qhgnhgk *@hqbhg

mhg Gis}ig 8??3" 8??4" 31180 Nige| mhg \h||es 8??50 Je|è}}" m``'" 311


23/91

4

ug}u` fegobho }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mhg Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/

moqegkhsujo ibej h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf mhg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg fh`h moqesbu`hg

qegobhohg gh|hchj cesuqh èquh|hg mhg biyhbo}h| gh|hchj fegkegho h}socu} qsimu`

O|bhf mhg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

\fo}j mhg [sokj} *311=/ fegebo}o fegkegho biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg }esjhmhq

ògesnh èuhgkhg' Qegebo}ohg mobhù`hg qhmh \OL *8/ megkhg fegnebh|`hg dh`}is&

dh`}is qegeg}u biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg" mhg *3/ megkhg fefqesnebh| jucugkhg hg}hsh

biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg mhg uùshg ogesnh euhgkhg'

Eb Nugu|o *311?/ fegebo}o h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf" ìfo}feg hkhfh" ùhbo}h|

nh|h" mhg èqeslhyhhg }esjhmhq èquh|hg mhg biyhbo}h| gh|hchj' Ugo} yhgk

mohghbo|o| hmhbhj gh|hchj mo Chg` Fuhfhbh} ì}h \efhshgk megkhg nufbhj 811

gh|hchj' Qegkufqubhg mh}h mobhù`hg megkhg fe}ime |ustey fegkkugh`hg

ùe|oiges megkhg |`hbh Boès} 81' ]e`go` qegkunohg joqi}e|o| megkhg

fegkkugh`hg }e`go` hghbo|o| \EF' Jh|ob qegebo}ohg fefcu`}o`hg thsohceb&


24/91

;

thsohceb yhgk fefqegkhsujo èquh|hg gh|hchj" hg}hsh bhog> h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf"

ìfo}feg hkhfh" ùhbo}h| nh|h" mhg èqeslhyhhg' Jh|ob qegebo}ohg Eb Nugu|o

*311?/ nukh fefcu`}o`hg chj{h èquh|hg gh|hchj yhgk |efhòg }ogkko fh`h

|efhòg }ogkko qubh biyhbo}h| yhgk mosh|h`hg gh|hchj'

@efumohg Dhnsogh *311?/ fegebo}o fegkegho h}socu} gobho qsimu` *lo}sh

fes`" ogith|o qsimu`" ùhbo}h| qsimu`" mhg qebhyhghg qh|lh qegnuhbhg/ }esjhmhq

ògesnh èuhgkhg *}ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mhgSe}usg ig H||e}| *SIH//'

\emhgk`hg h}socu} qh|hs qsimu` *jhskh sh}h&sh}h mhg biyhbo}h| qsimu`/ |echkho

thsohceb femoh|o' Qegkufqubhg mh}h h}socu} gobho qsimu` mhg h}socu} qh|hs qsimu`

mobhù`hg megkhg fe}ime |ustey }esjhmhq qebhgkkhg nh|h |ebubes mo \efhshgk

megkhg qegkhfcobhg |hfqeb mhso fhjh|o|{h UGMOQ |emhgk`hg ògesnh èuhgkhg

mohfcob mhso bhqishg èuhgkhg }hjug 311; |)m 311?' ]e`go` qegkunohg joqi}e|o|

megkhg fegkkugh`hg }e`go` hghbo|o| \EF' Jh|ob qegebo}ohg fegugnu``hg

qegkhsuj |okgodo`hg" hg}hsh bhog> qegkhsuj ùhbo}h| qsimu` mhg ogith|o qsimu`

}esjhmhq biyhbo}h|" èfumohg biyhbo}h| }esjhmhq qsido}hcobo}h| mhg }ogk`h}

qes}ufcujhg qegnuhbhg' \emhgk`hg thsohceb bhoggyh }omh` fegugnu``hg qegkhsuj

yhgk |okgodo`hg'

8'3Sufu|hg Fh|hbhj

Qeschg`hg |yhsohj gh|oighb jogkkh }hjug 3181 fegkhbhfo qesèfchgkhg

yhgk qe|h} |ebhfh 83 }hjug' Qefchjhsuhg mhso |o|}ef cugkh fegnhmo |o|}ef chko

jh|ob mohmiq|o |enh` qefcesbhùhg UU Gi' ; ]hjug 8??3 }eg}hgk Qeschg`hg"

èfumohg moqeschsuo megkhg UU Gi' 81 ]hjug 8??: jogkkh fuglub Ugmhgk&

Ugmhgk Gi' 38 }hjug 311: }eg}hgk Qeschg`hg \yhsohj yhgk becoj ìfqbe`|


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|echkho qhyugk juùf yhgk fefhmho |es}h fegmisigk qes}ufcujhg qeschg`hg

|yhsohj |elhsh becoj leqh}'

Megkhg ceshkhf qsimu` |es}h bhyhghg nh|h qeschg`hg yhgk ceshkhf

megkhg |èfh èuhgkhg yhgk becoj cesthsoh}od" qeschg`hg |yhsohj fegnhmo

hb}esgh}od |o|}ef qeschg`hg yhgk `semoceb mhg mhqh} mogo`fh}o ibej |ebusuj

fh|yhsh`h} Ogmige|oh' H`hg }e}hqo" }es`ho} qesfh|hbhjhg yhgk mougk`hq`hg

\uchsmni *mhbhf Hg}igoi" 8???/ fegkegho segmhjgyh qegke}hjuhg gh|hchj

}esjhmhq qeschg`hg |yhsohj }esu}hfh yhgk mo|echc`hg mifogh|o qeschg`hg

ìgteg|oighb" fh|oj chgyh` fegmhqh} qesjh}ohg mhso qhsh qegebo}o fegkegho

qsimu` mhg bhyhghg mo chg` |yhsohj }esjhmhq èquh|hg mhg biyhbo}h| gh|hchj yhgk

qhmh h`josgyh mhqh} fefqegkhsujo }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mhg Se}usg

ig H||e}| *SIH/'

Cesmh|hs`hg bh}hs cebh`hgk mo h}h|" fh`h qesfh|hbhjhg yhgk h`hg

mo}ebo}o mhqh} mosufu|`hg mhbhf ceg}u` qes}hgyhhg |echkho cesoù}>

8' Hqh`hj h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq biyhbo}h|gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9

3' Hqh`hj h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq èquh|hggh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9


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5' Hqh`hj èquh|hg gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchjmo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9

4' Hqh`hj biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq }ogk`h}qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9

;' Hqh`hj biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}|*SIH/ mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9

:' Hqh`hj }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhqSe}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9

?' Hqh`hj h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq biyhbo}h|gh|hchj febhbuo èquh|hg gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9

81'Hqh`hj ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchjfebhbuo èquh|hg gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9

88'Hqh`hj h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq }ogk`h}qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf

\yhsohj9

83'Hqh`hj ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq }ogk`h}qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf

\yhsohj9

8


27/91

81

85'Hqh`hj èquh|hg gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq }ogk`h}qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf

\yhsohj9

84'Hqh`hj èquh|hg gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}|*SIH/ febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj9

8;'Hqh`hj biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}|*SIH/ febhbuo }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mo Chg` Ufuf

\yhsohj9

8'

8' Qegkhsuj h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo ChgÙfuf \yhsohj'

3' Qegkhsuj h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf }esjhmhq èquh|hg gh|hchj mo ChgÙfuf \yhsohj'


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5' Qegkhsuj èquh|hg gh|hchj }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo ChgÙfuf \yhsohj'

4' Qegkhsuj biyhbo}h| gh|hchj }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhgqegmhqh}hg mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

;' Qegkhsuj biyhbo}h| gh|hchj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ moChg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

:' Qegkhsuj }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg }esjhmhq Se}usg igH||e}| *SIH/ mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

?' Qegkhsuj h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj febhbuoèquh|hg gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

81'Qegkhsuj ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj febhbuoèquh|hg gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

88'Qegkhsuj h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhgqegmhqh}hg febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

83'Qegkhsuj ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhgqegmhqh}hg febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

8


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83

84'Qegkhsuj èquh|hg gh|hchj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

8;'Qegkhsuj biyhbo}h| gh|hchj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/febhbuo }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj'

8'8' Fefceso`hg ogdisfh|o fegkegho qegkhsuj h}socu} qsimu O|bhf mhg

ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg }esjhmhq èquh|hg mhg biyhbo}h| gh|hchj" biyhbo}h| mhg


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8 qes|qe`}od qefcebhnhshg mhg qes}ufcujhg"

qes|qe`}od qsi|e| co|go| og}esghb" qes|qe`}od qebhgkkhg" mhg qes|qe`}od èuhgkhg'

Jucugkhg mhso eefqh} qes|qe`}od }es|ecu} mhqh} mokhfchs`hg |echkho cesoù}>

Khfchs 3'8

Qes|qe`}odChbhglem \liselhsm

\ufces> @hqbhg mhg Gis}ig" 3111

Cesoù} ogo hmhbhj qegnebh|hg fh|ogk&fh|ogk qes|qe`}odchbhglem |liselhsmyhgk

monebh|`hg ibej @hqbhg mhg Gis}ig *3111/>

3'8'


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|hh} febhù`hg ogte|}h|o }omh` jhgyh qhmh dh|obo}h| qeshbh}hg fhuqug kemugk

ug}u` fegkjh|ob`hg qsimu`)nh|h" }e}hqo nukh febhù`hg ogte|}h|o qhmh

ogdsh|}su`}us" yho}u> |ufces mhyh fhgu|oh" |o|}ef iqesh|o mhg qsi|emus'

@hqbhg mhg Gis}ig *3111/ fegkugk`hq`hg ce}hqh qeg}ogkgyh |uh}u

iskhgo|h|o co|go| ug}u` }esu| fefqesjh}o`hg `hsyh{hggyh" fefhg}hu

è|enhj}eshhg `hsyh{hg mhg fegogk`h}`hg qegke}hjuhg `hsyh{hg `hsegh megkhg

fegogk`h}gyh }ogk`h} qegke}hjuhg `hsyh{hg h`hg fegogk`h}`hg qubh

èfhfquhg `hsyh{hg ug}u` cesqhs}o|oqh|o mhbhf qeglhqhohg jh|ob è}okh

qes|qe`}od |ebhgnu}gyh mhg }unuhg qesu|hjhhg' Ibej `hsegh o}u" qes|qe`}od ogo

mokugh`hg ug}u` fegkuùs mhg fefqeschoò ògesnh `hsyh{hg mhbhf

fefceso`hg qebhyhghg mhg |o|}ef ogdisfh|o mhbhf ces}shg|h`|o yhgk mhqh}

fefqegkhsujo qegogk`h}hg èquh|hg gh|hchj'

3'8'

8' Qsi|e| ogith|oMo mhbhf qsi|e| ogith|o }esmhqh} muh ìfqigeg" yho}u> omeg}odo`h|o èogkoghg

qebhgkkhg mhg febhù`hg qsi|e| qeshglhgkhg qsimu` yhgk |e|uho megkhg

èogkoghg qebhgkkhg' Qsi|e| ogith|o ogo }esnhmo |e}ebhj hmhgyh qescho`hg


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ògesnh mhg qefcebhnhshg fegkegho qsimu` yhgk mofoboò }esjhmhq jhshqhg

qebhgkkhg'

3' Qsi|e| iqesh|oQsi|e| iqesh|o fesuqh`hg h`}oto}h| yhgk mobhù`hg qesu|hjhhg" fubho mhso |hh}

qegesofhhg qe|hghg mhso qebhgkkhg |hfqho qsimu` moòsof è qebhgkkhg'

Qsi|e| iqesh|o fege`hg`hg èqhmh qegyhfqhohg qsimu` èqhmh qebhgkkhg

|elhsh edo|oeg mhg }eqh} {h`}u'

8' @ebifqi` uùshg u}hfh@ebifqi` qegkuùshg ogo mokugh`hg ug}u` fegkuùs chkhofhgh chg`

|yhsohj fefegujo ècu}ujhg gh|hchj mhbhf feglhqho èquh|hg"

fefqes}hjhg`hg" fefqesibej" mhg fesecu} qhgk|h qh|hs yhgk }ebhj

mo}hske}`hg' Mhbhf èbifqi` qegkuùshg u}hfh" moèghb bofh uùshg

qes|qe`}od qebhgkkhg" yho}u> qhgk|h qh|hs" hùo|o|o gh|hchj *qesibejhg

gh|hchj/" se}eg|o gh|hchj *gh|hchj yhgk moqes}hjhg`hg/" èquh|hg gh|hchj"

mhg qsido}hcobo}h| gh|hchj'


40/91

3 dugk|o qsimu`" jhskh qsimu`" mhg ùhbo}h|

qsimu` yhgk moogkog`hg qhsh qebhgkkhg'

c' Jucugkhg megkhg qebhgkkhg" yhgk feboqu}o> mo|}socu|o qsimu` èqhmh

qebhgkkhg" }esfh|u` se|qig mhso qesu|hjhhg" {h`}u qegkosofhg qsimu`"

|es}h chkhofhgh qesh|hhg qebhgkkhg |e}ebhj fefcebo qsimu`) nh|h mhso

qesu|hjhhg yhgk ces|hgkù}hg'

l' Lo}sh mhg sequ}h|o" yhgk fegkkhfchs`hg dh`}is og}hgkocbe chko qesu|hjhhg

ug}u` feghso` qebhgkkhg ug}u` cesjucugkhg megkhg qesu|hjhhg" h}hu

fefcebo qsimu`'

Qegkuùshg qes|qe`}od qebhgkkhg mhbhf qegebo}ohg ogo mobhù`hg megkhg

febojh} èquh|hg gh|hchj mhg biyhbo}h| gh|hchj }esjhmhq h}socu} qsimu` yhgk

o|bhfo mhg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg yhgk moceso`hg Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj" hqh`hj |e|uho

megkhg jhshqhg gh|hchj yhgk |echkohg ce|hs ceshkhfh O|bhf'


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3'8'


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chg` }hgqh cugkh hmhbhj befchkh èuhgkhg h}hu qeschg`hg yhgk u|hjh qiì`gyh

fefceso qognhfhg mhg nh|h&nh|h mhbhf bhbu bog}h| qefchyhshg |es}h qesemhshg

uhgk yhgk qegkiqesh|ohggyh mo|e|uho`hg megkhg qsog|oq&qsog|oq |yhsohj O|bhf

*Fujhffhm" 3115/' Qeschg`hg |yhsohj mhbhf fegnhbhg`hg iqesh|oighb

qesu|hjhggyh cescemh megkhg chg` ìgteg|oighb'

Mo mhbhf UU Gi'38 }hjug 311: }eg}hgk Qeschg`hg \yhsohj" }esmhqh}

ceceshqh medogo|o fegkegho Chg` \yhsohj>

Chg` hmhbhj chmhg u|hjh yhgk fegkjofqug mhgh mhso fh|yhsh`h} mhbhfceg}u` |ofqhghg mhg fegyhbus`hggyh èqhmh fh|yhsh`h} mhbhf ceg}u`

`semo} mhg)h}hu ceg}u` bhoggyh mhbhf shgk`h fegogk`h}`hg }hshd jomuq

sh`yh}'

Qeschg`hg \yhsohj hmhbhj |ekhbh |e|uh}u yhgk fegyhgkù} }eg}hgk Chg`\yhsohj mhg Ugo} U|hjh \yhsohj" feglhùq èbefchkhhg" èkoh}hg u|hjh"

|es}h lhsh mhg qsi|e| mhbhf febh`|hgh`hg èkoh}hg u|hjhgyh'

Chg` \yhsohj hmhbhj Chg` yhgk fegnhbhg`hg èkoh}hg u|hjhgyhcesmh|hs`hg qsog|oq |yhsohj mhg fegusu} nego|gyh }esmoso h}h| Chg` Ufuf

\yhsohj mhg Chg` Qefcohyhhg Sh`yh} \yhsohj'

Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj hmhbhj Chg` \yhsohj yhgk mhbhf èkoh}hggyhfefceso`hg nh|h mhbhf bhbu bog}h| qefchyhshg'

Fujhffhm *3115/ fegnebh|`hg chj{h mhbhf fegnhbhg`hg dugk|o mhg

qeshggyh chg` |yhsohj |elhsh khso| ce|hs" |o|}ef iqesh|oighb chg` |yhsohj

mo}eg}u`hg h`hm yhgk }esmoso mhso bofh mh|hs h`hm' @ebofh ìg|eq mh|hs h`hm

}es|ecu} hmhbhj>


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*8/ qsog|oq |ofqhghg fusgo *hb&{hmohj/"

*3/ chko jh|ob *|yos`hj/"

*


44/91

3;

qegkebibh mhgh" *3/ |èfh fu|yhsh`hj hmhbhj èsnh |hfh ogte|}h|o qhsh

qefobo` fimhb yhgk feglhfqus`hg fimhb fese`h qhmh |uh}u u|hjh }es}eg}u

megkhg qefchkohg èug}ugkhg cesmh|hs`hg go|chj yhgk }ebhj mo|eqh`h}o

|ecebufgyh" |emhgk`hg hqhcobh }esnhmo èsukohg mo}hgkkugk |efuh qefobo`

fimhb cesmh|hs`hg qis|o fimhb fh|ogk&fh|ogk *_hyh" m``'" 3115/'

*8/ Onhshj" |e{h fusgo yhgk mhbhf }e`go| qeschg`hg" chg`


45/91

3:

|yhsohj mhqh} fefcebo mhjubu qeshbh}hg yhgk mocu}uj`hg gh|hchj" èfumohg

fegye{h`hg mhbhf {h`}u mhg jhgyh yhgk }ebhj mo|eqh`h}o èqhmh gh|hchj'

*3/ Cho hb }h`noso h}hu onhshj hb fug}hjoyh co} }hfbo`fesuqh`hg qegkkhcugkhg

|e{h mhg cebo" mofhgh |o qegye{h fefqugyho jh` ug}u` fefoboò chshgk

qhmh h`jos fh|h |e{h'

5' Qsog|oq nh|h *hb&hns {hb ufubbhj/

Fujhffhm *3115/ fegnebh|`hg chj{h qsog|oq ogo feboqu}o |ebusuj bhyhghg

gig&qefcohyhhg yhgk moceso`hg chg`' Ceg}u` qsimu` yhgk cesmh|hs`hg

qsog|oq ogo hg}hsh bhog chg` khshg|o" `bosogk" og`h|i" nh|h" mhg }shg|des'

Qegkefchgkhg qsimu` chg` |yhsohj moèbifqi``hg ibej Fujhffhm

*3115/ fegnhmo }okh èbifqi`" yho}u>

h' Qsimu` Qegkjofqughg Mhghc' Qsimu` Qegyhbushg Mhghl' Qsimu` Nh|hh' Qsimu` Qegkjofqughg Mhgh

Qegkjofqughg mhgh mo qeschg`hg |yhsohj fefqugyho muh qsog|oq yhgk

mobhù`hg" yho}u>

8' Qsog|oq ]o}oqhg *{hmohj/_hyh" m``' *311?/ fegnebh|`hg chj{h {hmohj ceshs}o }o}oqhg mhso |h}u

qojh` è qojh` bhog" cho` ogmotomu fhuqug chmhg juùf yhgk jhsu| monhkh

mhg moèfchbo`hg ibej yhgk qegesofh }o}oqhg" `hqhg qug |o qego}oq

fegkjegmhò' [hmohj mochko muh" yho}u> *8/ [hmohj yhm mjhfhghj hmhbhj

}o}oqhg yhgk |ebhfh cebuf moèfchbo`hg èqhmh qego}oq" mhqh}


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3?

mofhgdhh}`hg ibej qegesofh }o}oqhg' Hqhcobh mhso jh|ob qefhgdhh}hg

}es|ecu} moqesibej èug}ugkhg" fh`h |ebusujgyh fegnhmo jh` qegesofh

}o}oqhg' *3/ [hmohj yhm hfhghj hmhbhj qegesofh }o}oqhg }omh` cibej

fefhgdhh}`hg chshgk }es|ecu} |hfqho |o qego}oq fegkhfcob èfchbo

}o}oqhggyh' Qsog|oq {hmohj yhgk bh~of mokugh`hg mo qeschg`hg |yhsohj

hmhbhj {hmohj yhm mjhfhghj mhg coh|h mo|ogk`h} megkhg {hmohj'

3' Qsog|oq Chko Jh|ob *fumjhshchj/Fumjhshchj hmhbhj qesnhgnohg h}h| |uh}u nego| èsnh |hfh u|hjh mo fhgh

gh|hchj |echkho qojh` qes}hfh fegyemoh`hg mhgh mhg chg` |yhsohj

|echkho qojh` èmuh ces}hgkkugk nh{hc h}h| qegkebibhhg u|hjh' Qojh`

yhgk fegyemoh`hg mhgh coh|h mo|ecu} megkhg o|}obhj |jijocub fhhb"

|emhgk`hg qojh` yhgk fegkebibh mhgh mo|ecu} megkhg o|}obhj fumjhsoc'

@eug}ugkhg jh|ob u|hjh mochko`hg |e|uho megkhg go|chj chko jh|ob yhgk

mo|eqh`h}o ces|hfh |enh` h{hb'

c' Qsimu` Qegyhbushg MhghQsimu` qegyhbushg mhgh chg` |yhsohj mhqh} moèfchgk`hg mhbhf }okh fimeb"

yho}u>

8' Qsog|oq Nuhb Cebo *}onhshj/Qsog|oq nuhb cebo moèfchgk`hg fegnhmo ceg}u`&ceg}u` qefcohyhhg |echkho

cesoù}> *8/ qefcohyhhg fushchjhj hmhbhj nuhb cebo megkhg fegyh}h`hg

jhskh qesibejhg mhg èug}ugkhg yhgk mo|eqh`h}o ibej qegnuhb mhg qefcebo"

*3/ qefcohyhhg |hbhf hmhbhj nuhb cebo yhgk qebugh|hggyh mobhù`hg

}esbecoj mhjubu ibej qefcebo |ecebuf chshgk qe|hghg mo}esofh' *


47/91

*8/ |èfh fumjhshchj

hmhbhj chg` ces}ogmh` |echkho |jhjocub fhhb" |emhgk`hg gh|hchj yhgk

fegesofh qefcohyhhg ces}ogmh` |echkho qegkebibh mhgh" *3/ |èfh

fu|yhsh`hj hmhbhj èsnh |hfh ogte|}h|o qhsh qefobo` fimhb yhgk

feglhfqus`hg fimhb fese`h qhmh |uh}u u|hjh }es}eg}u megkhg qefchkohg

èug}ugkhg cesmh|hs`hg go|chj yhgk }ebhj mo|eqh`h}o |ecebufgyh"

|emhgk`hg hqhcobh }esnhmo èsukohg mo}hgkkugk |efuh qefobo` fimhb

cesmh|hs`hg qis|o fimhb fh|ogk&fh|ogk *_hyh" m``'" 3115/'


48/91


49/91


50/91


51/91

*8/ ]omh` hmh ug|us soch"

*3/ Fegkkugh`hg |o|}ef chko jh|ob" *


52/91


53/91


54/91


55/91


56/91


57/91

=1

gh|hchj" ghfug |ubo} mhbhf fefcuh} fese`h fegnhmo bhgkkhghg |e}oh' @ehmhhg

qebhyhghg yhgk moceso`hg |hh} ogo fubho cesuchj" mobojh} mhso qe}ukh| èhfhghg"

qegesofh }hfu" mhg }ebbes qeguj |egyuf megkhg }unuhg hkhs gh|hchj }e}hq |e}oh

fegnhmo qebhgkkhg'

Biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg mohs}o`hg |echkho biyhbo}h| yhgk mo}ugnu``hg qhsh

gh|hchj }esjhmhq chg`' Biyhbo}h| fegnhmo`hg gh|hchj febhù`hg ogte|}h|o

fhuqug qefcohyhhg ubhgk" èfumohg feseìfegmh|o`hg qsimu`)nh|h yhgk

mokugh`hggyh qhmh ishgk bhog" mhg mojhshq`hg fhfqu ces}hjhg ug}u` }e}hq

fegkkugh`hg qsimu`)nh|h }es|ecu} fe|òqug chgyh` qsifi|o mhso qsimu`)nh|h

chg` bhog'

Biyhbo}h| ìg|ufeg mhqh} momedogo|o`hg |echkho |uh}u qesobhù qefcebohg

qegkubhgkhg yhgk }ebhj fegnhmo ècoh|hhg" yhgk fhgh }ebhj hmh è}es`ho}hg mhg

è}esboch}hg }ogkko qhmh qobojhg ìg|ufeg }esjhmhq icye` }es}eg}u" mhg cesloso`hg

megkhg è}ohmhhg qeglhsohg ogdisfh|o e`|}esghb mhg ethbuh|o hb}esgh}od *Egkeb"

Cbhl`{ebb" mhg Fogohsm" 8??5 mhbhf Qsh|e}yhgogksuf" 311?/' Nh|dhs *3115/

fegnebh|`hg chj{h biyhbo}h| mhqh} |echkho thsohceb jh|ob)iu}life *fo|hb Fiskhg

hgm Jug}" 8??=/" nukh mhqh} |echkho thsohceb qeshg}hsh)femoh}ogk thsohcbe *fo|hb

Dubbes}ig hgm ]hybis" 3111/'

Fegusu} êo}jhfb" m``' *8??4/ mhbhf Nhqhsohg}i" m``' *311;/" }unuhg h`jos

ècesjh|obhg qesu|hjhhg fegnhbog jucugkhg sebh|o megkhg qebhgkkhggyh hmhbhj

ug}u` fefceg}u` biyhbo}h| yhgk ùh}' Ogmo`h}is mhso biyhbo}h| yhgk ùh} yho}u>

8' \hy qi|o}ote }jogk|" hmhbhj fegkh}h`hg jhb yhgk qi|o}od }eg}hgk qsimu`yhgk }ebhj moìg|uf|o'


58/91

=8

3' Seliffegm dsoegm" hmhbhj fese`ifegmh|o`hg qsimu` yhgk }ebhjmo`ig|uf|o eqhmh }efhg'


59/91

=3

3'8'? ]ogk`h} Qes}ufcujhg Qegmhqh}hg\hbhj |h}u bhgk`hj u}hfh yhgk jhsu| mo}efquj ibej Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj

mhbhf shgk`h fefeghgk`hg qes|hogkhg hmhbhj megkhg fegogk`h}`hg ògesnh

èuhgkhg' Qsog|oq u}hfh yhgk jhsu| moèfchgk`hg ibej Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj

mhbhf fegogk`h}`hg ògesnh èuhgkhg hmhbhj èfhfquhggyh mhbhf febhù`hg

qegkebibhhg mhgh' Qegogk`h}hg ògesnh èuhgkhg fefqugyho mhfqh` yhgk buhs

coh|h ug}u` fegnhkh èqeslhyhhg gh|hchj hkhs }e}hq |e}oh fegkkugh`hg nh|hgyh'

Qegobhohg ògesnh èuhgkhg Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj mhqh} mobhù`hg megkhg

fegkhghbo|h bhqishg èuhgkhg yhgk mo}esco}`hg yho}u megkhg fegkhghbo|h }ogk`h}

qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mhg qsido}hcobo}h| Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj yhgk

ces|hgkù}hg'

Jhghdo mhg Jhbof *311;/ fegnebh|`hg no`h qegnuhbhg }ufcuj megkhg

sebh}od |}hcob" fh`h }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg }es|ecu} co|h moqh`ho ug}u`

fefqsiye`|o`hg qegnuhbhg qhmh fh|h&fh|h fegmh}hgk' Mhbhf qesu|hjhhg nh|h"

qegnuhbhg }es|ecu} moèghb |echkho qegmhqh}hg' Kji~hbo mhg Ljhsoso *311;/

fegnebh|`hg chj{h qegmhqh}hg jhgyh feglhùq jh|ob&jh|ob mhso èkoh}hg

qegnuhbhg iu}qu} mhg }omh` fefh|u``hg ebefeg ug}ugk *khog|/' \elhsh ufuf"

muh `so}esoh yhgk monhmo`hg mh|hs ug}u` fegkhùo qegmhqh}hg hmhbhj }ebhj

}esehbo|h|o mhg qegmhqh}hg }ebhj }esceg}u`' ]ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mhqh}

mojo}ugk megkhg sufu| *Ubdhj" 3181/>

k o 6 *k o}k o}&8/) k o}&8 z 811 %

@e}eshgkhg> k 6 ]ogk`h} Qes}ufcujhg

o 6 Qegmhqh}hg Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj


60/91

=

SIH 6%811z

]i}hbH|e}

fQhnh Bhch\ecebu

3'3 Qegebo}ohg ]esmhjubuQhmh ufufgyh qegebo}ohg hùg}hg|o mobhù`hg }es`ho} megkhg qegkuùshg

ògesnh megkhg fegkkugh`hg ogmo`h}is&ogmo`h}is èuhgkhg mhg gig&èuhgkhg mo

mhbhf chbhglem |liselhsm' \emhgk`hg qegebo}ohg fegkegho dh`}is&dh`}is yhgk

fefqegkhsujo èquh|hg qebhgkkhg mhg biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg mo}efuo qhmh so|e}

fhghnefeg qefh|hshg' Qegebo}ohg yhgk mobhù`hg |hh} ogo" |ebhog fesunu` qhmh

bo}esh}us&bo}esh}us yhgk hmh nukh fegkhfcob sunu`hg mhso qegebo}ohg&qegebo}ohg

|enego| yhgk }ebhj mobhù`hg" mohg}hshgyh>


61/91

==

]hceb 3'8

Qegebo}ohg ]esmhjubu

Qegebo}o

*]hjug/

Thsohceb Fe}ime

Hghbo|o|

@e|ofqubhg

\fo}j mhg

[sokj}

*311=/

Thsohceb Ogmeqegmeg>

]ogk`h} Lo}sh Fes`]ogk`h} @ebhgk|ugkhg@uhbo}h|Nh|h Qh|lh

Qegnuhbhg

@uhbo}h| Qsimu`Thsohceb Og}estesgogk>

Biyhbo}h| QebhgkkhgJhskh Qsimu` Sh}h&

Sh}h

Thsohceb Meqegmeg>

]ogk`h} Qes}ufcujhgQegnuhbhg

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Hbh}

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cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq }ogk`h}

biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg mhg sh}h&

sh}h jhskh nuhb' \ebhgnu}gyh

uùshg biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhgyhgk sebh}od }ogkko

fegkjh|ob`hg eug}ugkhg

ìfqe}o}od yhgk }ogkko chko

qesu|hjhhg'

Shjfhg Eb

Nugu|o

*311?/


H}socu} Qsimu` O|bhf@ifo}eg Hkhfh@uhbo}h| Nh|h

@eqeslhyhhgThsohceb Og}estesgogk>

@equh|hg gh|hchjThsohceb Meqegmeg>

Biyhbo}h| Gh|hchj

Hbh}

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H}socu} qsimu` O|bhf

cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od ghfug

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cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq

èquh|hg' @uhbo}h| bhyhghg

mhg èqeslhyhhg cesqegkhsuj

qi|o}od mhg |okgodo`hg

}esjhmhq èquh|hg' @equh|hg

qebhgkkhg cesqegkhsuj

qi|o}od mhg |okgodo`hg

}esjhmhq biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg'


62/91

=5

\ughs}i

*3114/


@uhbo}h| BhyhghgSequ}h|o Fese`Thsohceb Og}estesgogk>

@equh|hg Gh|hchjBiyhbo}h| Gh|hchjThsohceb Meqegmeg>

@uhbo}h| BhyhghgThsohceb Og}estesgogk>

Qefh|hshg Sebh|oighb

Thsohceb Egmikeg>

Biyhbo}h| Qebhgkkhg

Hbh}

hghbo|o|>

Sekse|o

muhbhgk`hj

Qegkhsuj bhgk|ugk mhso

ùhbo}h| bhyhghg }esjhmhq

è|e}ohhg qebhgkkhg |es}h

qegkhsuj }omh` bhgk|ugk mhsoùhbo}h| bhyhghg }esjhmhq

è|e}ohhg qebhgkkhg megkhg

qefh|hshg sebh|oighb |echkho

thsohceb og}estegogk'


63/91

=4

Dhsomh

Nh|dhs

*3115/


@uhbo}h| Nh|hThsohceb Meqegmeg>@ifo}fegThsohceb Og}estesgogk>

Biyhbo}h|

Hbh}

hghbo|o|>\}sul}ushb

Exuh}oig

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Qegebo}ohg mo |hbig èlhg}o`hg

fegugnu``hg @uhbo}h| Nh|hcesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq

biyhbo}h| mhg luùq gekh}od

}esjhmhq ifo}feg' Biyhbo}h|

cesqegkhsuj gekh}od }esjhmhq

ìfo}feg'

Kughs}i

\ujhsmo*311:/


H}socu} Qsimu`Thsohceb Og}estesgogk>

@eqeslhyhhgThsohceb Meqegmeg>

Biyhbo}h|

Hbh}

hghbo|o|>

\}sul}ushb

Exuh}oig

Fimebogk

*\EF/

Qegebo}ohg mo chg` \ushchyh

fegugnu``hg h}socu} qsimu`

cesqegkhsuj |okgodo`hg

}esjhmhq èqeslhyhhg'

@eqeslhyhhg cesqegkhsuj

|okgodo`hg }esjhmhq biyhbo}h|'

Ogmhj M{o

Qsh|e}yhgog

ksuf

*311?/


Qefcebhnhshg@uhbo}h| QebhyhghgThsohceb Og}estesgogk>

@equh|hg Fhjh|o|{hThsohceb Meqegmeg>

Biyhbo}h| Fhjh|o|{h

Hbh}

hghbo|o|>

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Qegebo}ohg fegugnu``hg

qefcebhnhshg mhg uhbo}h|

qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj

qi|o}od }esjhmhq equh|hg

fhjh|o|{h' @equh|hg

fhjh|o|{h cesqegkhsuj

qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h|

fhjh|o|{h'

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Thsohceb E`|ikeg>

@uhbo}h| BhyhghgThsohceb Egmikeg>@equh|hg Qebhgkkhg@eqeslhyhhg

Qebhgkkhg

Biyhbo}h| Qebhgkkhg

Hbh}

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*\EF/

Qegebo}ohg qhmh qebhgkkhg

}ebìf|qeemy fegugnu``hg

ùhbo}h| bhyhghg cesqegkhsuj|okgodo`hg }esjhmhq equh|hg

mhg èqeslhyhhg ghfug }omh`

|okgodo`hg }esjhmhq biyhbo}h|

qebhgkkhg' @equh|hg mhg

èqeslhyhhg cesqegkhsuj

|okgodo`hg }esjhmhq biyhbo}h|

qebhgkkhg'


64/91

=;

_eggy

Shljfh{h}o

\'*3114/


Sebohcobo}yH||ushgle]hgkocbeEfqh}jySe|qig|otege||Thsohceb Og}estesgogk>

@equh|hg QebhgkkhgBiyhbo}h| QebhgkkhgThsohceb Meqegmeg>

@eugkkubhg Ces|hogk

Hbh}

hghbo|o|>\}sul}ushb

Exuh}oig

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*\EF/

Qegebo}ohg qhmh Chg` Qesfh}h

fegugnu``hgSebohcobo}y"H||ushgle" ]hgkocbe"

Efqh}jy" Se|qig|otege||

cesqegkhsuj |okgodo`hg mekhg

èquh|hg mhg biyhbo}h|'

Biyhbo}h| mhg èquh|hg

cesqegkhsuj |okgodo`hg

megkhg èugkkubhg ces|hogk

Foh \o}o

So~òyhg}o

*3115/


H}socu} Qsimu`Thsohceb Meqegmeg>

Biyhbo}h| Qebhgkkhg

Hbh}

Hghbo|o|>

Sekse|o

Ceskhgmh

Qegebo}ohg qhmh @ishg Jhsohg

Qoòshg Sh`yh} Chgmugk

fegugnu``hg hmhgyh

jucugkhg |okgodo`hg hg}hsh

h}socu} qsimu` }esjhmhq

biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg'


65/91

=:

3'


66/91

=?

Mhbhf }eiso |}hèjibmes|" èbhgk|ugkhg jomuq qesu|hjhhg }eskhg}ugk qhmh

muùgkhg |}hèjibmes| mhg muùgkhg }es|ecu} jhsu| molhso |ejogkkh h`}oto}h|

qesu|hjhhg mo}unu`hg ug}u` feglhso muùgkhg }es|ecu}' Icne` mhso }eiso

|}hèjibmes| mhbhf qegebo}ohg ogo hmhbhj qesobhù gh|hchj Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj

yhgk }omh` mhqh} mouùs mhbhf |h}uhg fige}es'

3'='8 H}socu} Qsimu` O|bhf }esjhmhq Biyhbo}h| Gh|hchj\e}ohq gh|hchj fu|bof è}o`h ogkog fegnhkh èjhbhbhg jhs}hgyh" cech|

mhso ug|us soch" kjisis" fhuqug numo" |es}h fegkkugh`hg |o|}ef chko jh|ob ug}u`

fefqesibej qegmhqh}hg" fh`h moh h`hg fefoboj chg` yhgk fefoboò h}socu}

qsimu` O|bhf' Hqhcobh Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj yhgk moqoboj" |elhsh ìg|o|}eg

fegugnu``hg h}socu} èo|bhfhg qhmh qsimu`gyh fh`h gh|hchj h`hg |efhòg

biyhb fegkkugh`hg Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj }es|ecu} mhg h`hg fegibh` ug}u`

fegkkugh`hg Chg` @igteg|oighb" |es}h feseìfegmh|o`hg èqhmh ishgk

}esme`h}gyh ug}u` fegkkugh`hg Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj' Jucugkhg h}socu} qsimu`

mhg biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg momuùgk ibej qegebo}ohg So~òyhg}o *3115/ yhgk

fegugnu``hg chj{h }esmhqh} jucugkhg qi|o}od mhg |ehshj hg}hsh h}socu} qsimu`

megkhg biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg \ush} @hchs Qoòshg Sh`yh} mo Chgmugk' Qhmh

qegebo}ohg \ub}jigo *3181/ nukh fegugnu``hg h}socu} qsimu` |elhsh |ofub}hg

cesqegkhsuj |okgodo`hg }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg DOD mo Qsicibogkki'

Cesmh|hs`hg ushohg mo h}h|" fh`h qegebo}ohg ogo fegkhnu`hg joqi}e|o| |echkho

cesoù}>

J8> H}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj


67/91

51

3'='3 H}socu} Qsimu` O|bhf }esjhmhq @equh|hg Gh|hchj\e}ohq gh|hchj fu|bof è}o`h ogkog fegnhkh èjhbhbhg jhs}hgyh" cech|

mhso ug|us soch" kjisis" fhuqug numo" |es}h fegkkugh`hg |o|}ef chko jh|ob ug}u`

fegkjh|ob`hg qegmhqh}hg" fh`h moh h`hg fefoboj chg` yhgk fefoboò h}socu}

qsimu` O|bhf' @e}o`h h}socu} qsimu` Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj fegugnu``hg h}socu}

qsimu` yhgk o|bhfo fh`h gh|hchj h`hg fesh|h quh| }esjhmhq qsimu` }es|ecu}' Jhb

ogo momuùgk ibej qegebo}ohg Fi{eg *8??5/ mhbhf Eb Nugu|o *311?/ yhgk

fegyh}h`hg chj{h }ogk`h} ògesnh qsimu` mhqh} mouùs h}hu mobojh} qhmh }ogk`h}

èqeg}ogkhggyh cesmh|hs`hg h}socu}&h}socu} ùglo yhgk |umhj moomeg}odo`h|o ibej

ìg|ufeg' Megkhg mefoòhg" h}socu} qsimu` fesuqh`hg }o}o` }ibh` qegobhohg chko

gh|hchj }eg}hgk }esqegujo h}hu }omh`gyh ècu}ujhg mhg èogkoghg gh|hchj yhgk

mojhshq`hg mhso |uh}u qsimu` yhgk |eceghsgyh' H}socu}&h}socu} qeg}ogk yhgk

mogobho ìg|ufeg }es|ecu} h`hg fefqegkhsujo |o`hq quh| }esjhmhq qsimu`'

Qegebo}ohg Eb Nugu|o *311?/ fefcu`}o`hg chj{h h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf fefqugyho

jucugkhg qi|o}od }esjhmhq èquh|hg gh|hchj' Qegebo}ohg [onhyhg}o *311:/ nukh

fegugnu``hg chj{h h}socu}&h}socu} qsimu` fefqegkhsujo èquh|hg gh|hchj'

Cesmh|hs`hg ushohg mo h}h|" fh`h qegebo}ohg ogo fegkhnu`hg joqi}e|o| |echkho

cesoù}>

J3> H}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq èquh|hg gh|hchj

3'='


68/91

58

ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg yhgk fegyeghgk`hg mochgmogk`hg mo Chg` @igteg|oighb

fh`h gh|hchj h`hg |efhòg biyhb fegkkugh`hg Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj }es|ecu}

mhg h`hg fegibh` ug}u` fegkkugh`hg Chg` @igteg|oighb' Jhb ogo momuùgk ibej

qegebo}ohg Shljfh{h}o *3114/ yhgk fegnebh|`hg chj{h jucugkhg hg}hsh ùhbo}h|

bhyhghg megkhg biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mhqh} fefceg}u` jucugkhg bhgk|ugk fhuqug

jucugkhg }omh` bhgk|ugk megkhg mohg}hsho ibej èquh|hg gh|hchj' Qegebo}ohg

Nh|dhs *3115/" Shljfh{h}o *3114/" \ughs}i *3114/" mhg Nhqhsohg}i *311;/

fegugnu``hg chj{h ùhbo}h| nh|h) qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj |okgodo`hg }esjhmhq

biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg' Cesmh|hs`hg ushohg mo h}h|" fh`h qegebo}ohg ogo fegkhnu`hg

joqi}e|o| |echkho cesoù}>

J @uhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj

3'='= @uhbo}h| Qebhyhghg }esjhmhq @equh|hg Gh|hchj\e}ohq gh|hchj mo Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj fegkjhshq`hg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg

yhgk fegyeghgk`hg' @e}o`h qebhyhghg yhgk moceso`hg Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj

fegugnu``hg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg yhgk fegyeghgk`hg mhg gyhfhg fh`h gh|hchj

h`hg fesh|h quh| }esjhmhq qebhyhghg }es|ecu}' \hbhj |h}u dh`}is qeg}ogk yhgk

mhqh} fefcuh} qebhgkkhg quh| hmhbhj ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg' \elhsh efqoso| chgyh`

qegebo}ohg megkhg bh}hs cebh`hgk |hfqeb yhgk cescemh&cemh }ebhj fefcu`}o`hg

chj{h ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg mhg èquh|hg qebhgkkhg ces|odh} qi|o}od' Jhb ogo

momuùgk ibej qegebo}ohg Cbiefes" m``' *8??:/" Shljfh{h}o *3114/" \ughs}i

*3114/" Hbo \yhdox" Eb Nugu|o *311?/ mhg \e}oyh{h}o *311?/' Cesmh|hs`hg ushohg mo

h}h|" fh`h qegebo}ohg ogo fegkhnu`hg joqi}e|o| |echkho cesoù}>

J=> @uhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq equh|hg gh|hchj


69/91

53

3'='5 @equh|hg Gh|hchj }esjhmhq Biyhbo}h| Gh|hchj\ljghhs| mhbhf ]noq}igi *311;/ fegnebh|`hg chj{h èquh|hg yhgk

mosh|h`hg qebhgkkhg fegnhmo mh|hs chko }esloq}hgyh qefcebohg ubhgk mhg biyhbo}h|

qebhgkkhg' Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj è}o`h fefceso`hg h}socu} qsimu` yhgk O|bhfo

mhg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg yhgk fefuh|`hg |e|uho yhgk mojhshq`hg gh|hchj fh`h

gh|hchj h`hg fesh|h quh| èfumohg èquh|hggyh h`hg fegmisigk moh ug}u`

}e}hq biyhb fegkkugh`hg Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj" feseìfegmh|o`hg è ishgk bhog"

mhg fegibh` ug}u` }omh` fegkkugh`hg Chg` @igteg|oighb' \elhsh ugotes|hb

èquh|hg mhg biyhbo}h| fefqugyho jucugkhg qi|}od" jhb ogo |e|uho megkhg

qegmhqh} Lsigog mhg ]hybis" 8??30 \jefh{ebb" m``'" 8??:0 Disgebb" 8??30 \ebge|"

8??30 Ki}boec" m``'" 8??=0 _o" 8??10 Co}ges" 8??1 mhg Ibotes" 8??10 ]is [hbbog

Hgmseh||eg" 8??=0 Cij}e" 8??;0 Fi{eg" 8??50 ]eh|" 8?? O|ghmo" 31150 \ughs}i" 31140 \ujhsmo" 311:0

[onhyhg}o" 311:0 Eb Nugu|o" 311?0 mhg \e}oyh{h}o" 311?/' Cesmh|hs`hg ushohg mo

h}h|" fh`h qegebo}ohg ogo fegkhnu`hg joqi}e|o| |echkho cesoù}>

J5> @equh|hg gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj |elhsh qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj

3'='4 Biyhbo}h| Gh|hchj }esjhmhq ]ogk`h} Qes}ufcujhg Qegmhqh}hg@i}bes mhg Hsf|}sigk *3118/ fegnebh|`hg chj{h fegogk`h}gyh nufbhj

ìg|ufeg yhgk biyhb h`hg cesmhfqh` qhmh qegogk`h}hg qegmhqh}hg qesu|hjhhg'

Seoljjebm *8??


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J;> Biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhqSe}usg Ig H||e}| *SIH/

3'=':

]ogk`h} Qes}ufcujhg Qegmhqh}hg }esjhmhqSe}usg Ig H||e}|

*SIH/

\fo}j mhg [sokj} *311=/ fegnhmo`hg }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg

|echkho thsohceb qefimesh|o fegkegho mhfqh` sebh}od |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk mhso

biyhbo}h| qebhgkkhg }esjhmhq qsido}hcobo}h| yho}u Se}usg Ig H||e}| *SIH/ mo

qesu|hjhhg mhbhf ogmu|}so yhgk |enego|' Hqhcobh }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg


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fegogk`h} fh`h h`hg cesqegkhsuj qhmh qegogk`h}hgSe}usg Ig H||e}| *SIH/ mo

Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj }es|ecu}' Cesmh|hs`hg ushohg mo h}h|" fh`h qegebo}ohg ogo

fegkhnu`hg joqi}e|o| |echkho cesoù}>

J:> ]ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq Se}usg ig

H||e}| *SIH/

3'='? H}socu} Qsimu` O|bhf mhg @uhbo}h| Qebhyhghg }esjhmhq ]ogk`h}Qes}ufcujhg Qegmhqh}hg mhg Se}usg Ig H||e}| *SIH/ febhbuo

@equh|hg Gh|hchj mhg Biyhbo}h| Gh|hchj

Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| < yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf

cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq èquh|hg gh|hchj mhg joqi}e|o| 5 yhgk fegyh}h`hg

chj{h èquh|hg gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj" fh`h

mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg chj{h h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf fefqegkhsujo biyhbo}h|

gh|hchj |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk febhbuo èquh|hg gh|hchj' Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| =

yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq

èquh|hg gh|hchj mhg joqi}e|o| 5 yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h èquh|hg gh|hchj

cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj" fh`h mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg

chj{h ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg fefqegkhsujo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk

febhbuo èquh|hg gh|hchj'

Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| 8 yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf

cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mhg joqi}e|o| 4 yhgk fegyh}h`hg

chj{h biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg

qegmhqh}hg" fh`h mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg chj{h h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf

fefqegkhsujo }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk febhbuo


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biyhbo}h| gh|hchj' Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| 3 yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h ùhbo}h|

qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mhg joqi}e|o| 4 yhgk

fegyh}h`hg chj{h biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq }ogk`h}

qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg" fh`h mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg chj{h ùhbo}h|

qebhyhghg fefqegkhsujo }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk

febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj'

Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| 8 yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf

cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mhg joqi}e|o| ; yhgk fegyh}h`hg

chj{h biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/"

fh`h mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg chj{h h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf fefqegkhsujo

Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj'

Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| 3 yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj

qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mhg joqi}e|o| ; yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h

biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/" fh`h

mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg chj{h ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg fefqegkhsujo Se}usg ig

H||e}| *SIH/ |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj'

Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| 5 yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h èquh|hg gh|hchj

cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mhg joqi}e|o| 4 yhgk fegyh}h`hg

chj{h biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg

qegmhqh}hg" fh`h mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg chj{h èquh|hg gh|hchj

fefqegkhsujo }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk febhbuo

biyhbo}h| gh|hchj' Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| 5 yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h èquh|hg

gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj mhg joqi}e|o| ; yhgk


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fegyh}h`hg chj{h biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq Se}usg ig

H||e}| *SIH/" fh`h mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg chj{h èquh|hg gh|hchj

fefqegkhsujo Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk febhbuo biyhbo}h|

gh|hchj'

Cesmh|hs`hg joqi}e|o| 4 yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h biyhbo}h| gh|hchj

cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg mhg joqi}e|o| :

yhgk fegyh}h`hg chj{h }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg cesqegkhsuj qi|o}od

}esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/" fh`h mhqh} mo}hso` |uh}u mukhhg chj{h

biyhbo}h| gh|hchj fefqegkhsujo Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ |elhsh }omh` bhgk|ugk

febhbuo }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg'

Cesmh|hs`hg ushohg mo h}h|" fh`h qegebo}ohg ogo fegkhnu`hg joqi}e|o|

|echkho cesoù}>

J?> H}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj febhbuo

èquh|hg gh|hchj

J81> @uhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq biyhbo}h| gh|hchj febhbuo

èquh|hg gh|hchj

J88> H}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg

febhbuo biyhbo}h| gh|hchj

J83> @uhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg


J8 H}socu} qsimu` O|bhf cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhqSe}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ febhbuo

biyhbo}h| gh|hchj


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J8=> @uhbo}h| qebhyhghg cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ febhbuo

biyhbo}h| gh|hchj

J85> @equh|hg gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq }ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg


J84> @equh|hg gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ febhbuo

biyhbo}h| gh|hchj

J8;> Biyhbo}h| gh|hchj cesqegkhsuj }esjhmhq Se}usg ig H||e}| *SIH/ febhbuo

}ogk`h} qes}ufcujhg qegmhqh}hg


75/91

5:

CHC OOO

FE]IME QEGEBO]OHG


76/91

5?

qegebo}ohg ogo hmhbhj *8/ `equh|hg gh|hchj" *3/ biyhbo}h| gh|hchj" *


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\yhsohj' Qsog|oq&qsog|oq |o|}ef èuhgkhg O|bhf yhgk moèfu`h`hg Oxchb *8??;/

fesuqh`hg h}socu} qsimu` `jh| yhgk mofoboò ibej qeschg`hg |yhsohj' Ogmo`h}is

yhgk mokugh`hg mhbhf qegebo}ohg ogo fegkhlu qhmh qsog|oq&qsog|oq yhgk

moèfu`h`hg Oxchb *8??;/" hmhbhj>

8' ]omh` hmh ug|us soch3' Fegkkugh`hg |o|}ef chko jh|ob


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ogo mokugh`hg bofh mofeg|o ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg yhgk mo}efu`hg ibej Qhsh|ushfhg

*8?::/' Ogmo`h}is yhgk mokugh`hg mhbhf qegebo}ohg ogo hmhbhj>

8' Dh|obo}h| bhyhghg3' @eleqh}hg mhg è}hgkkhqhg feghgkhgo ècu}ujhg gh|hchj


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\yhsohj' Ogmo`h}is yhgk mokugh`hg mhbhf qegebo}ohg ogo hmhbhj *Disgebb" 8??3

mhbhf ]noq}igi" 311=/>

8' @equh|hg |elhsh è|ebusujhg yhgk mosh|h`hg gh|hchj3' @igdosfh|o jhshqhg yh`go }ogk`h} è|e|uhohg hg}hsh ògesnh megkhg

e`|qe`}h|o


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4 nego| èbhfog" u|oh" qegmomo`hg }esh`jos" qeèsnhhg"

qegkjh|obhg" mhg chg` |yhsohj yhgk mokugh`hg'

Chkohg èmuh ceso|o qesgyh}hhg se|qigmeg" cesuqh nh{hchg&nh{hchg

mhso ue|oiges yhgk moqesibej mhso qegyechshg ue|oiges eqhmh gh|hchj Chg`

Ufuf \yhsohj {obhyhj \efhshgk' @ue|oiges mhbhf qegebo}ohg ogo

feghgyh`hg }ogk`h} iqogo se|qigmeg }esjhmhq ceceshqh qesgyh}hhg ces`ho}hg

megkhg thsohceb&thsohceb qegebo}ohg' Mhbhf ùe|oiges ogo ghg}ogyh }esmhqh}

shglhgkhg qes}hgyhhg yhgk |elhsh biko| cesjucugkhg megkhg fh|hbhj

qegebo}ohg mhg }ohq qes}hgyhhg fesuqh`hg nh{hchg&nh{hchg yhgk fefqugyho

fh`gh mhbhf fegkuno joqi}e|o|'

Qegebo}o fegkkugh`hg |`hbh bofh qiog ug}u` fegke}hjuo qes|eq|o

gh|hchj fegkegho h}socu} qsimu` O|bhf mhg ùhbo}h| qebhyhghg |es}h }ogk`h}

èquh|hg mhg biyhbo}h| gh|hchj Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj megkhg fegeg}u`hg |ìs

qhmh |e}ohq qes}hgyhhg' Megkhg |`hbh bofh qiog" thsohceb yhgk h`hg mouùs

èfumohg monhchs`hg fegnhmo ogmo`h}is thsohceb' Qegebo}ohg ogo fegkkugh`hg

|enufbhj qesgyh}hhgmegkhg |`hbh 5 *bofh/ qiog yhgk fegugnu``hg |e}unu h}hu

}omh` |e}unu fhuqug quh| h}hu }omh` quh| }esjhmhq qesgyh}hhg}es|ecu}'


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4:

8 6 |hgkh} }omh` |e}unu3 6 }omh` |e}unu< 6 ge}shb ) shkushku= 6 |e}unu5 6 |hgkh} |e}unu

8 6 |hgkh} }omh` quh|3 6 }omh` quh|< 6 ge}shb ) shkushku= 6 quh|5 6 |hgkh} quh|

3' Fe}ime Miùfeg}h|oMiùfeg}h|o mobhù`hg megkhg fegkkugh`hg mh}h yhgk cesh|hb mhso

miùfeg&miùfeg yhgk |umhj hmh' Mh}h mhbhf qegebo}ohg ogo cesh|hb mhso

bhqishg èuhgkhg }so{ubhghg 311:&3181 yhgk moqesibej mhso |o}u| fh|ogk&

fh|ogk Chg` Ufuf \yhsohj yhgk fefegujo `so}esoh'


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4?

mhso Feh|usefeg} Fimeb mhg \}sul}ushb Fimeb' Feh|usefeg} Fimeb h}hu fimeb

qegkuùshg mo}unu`hg ug}u` fegkìgdosfh|o |ecuhj mofeg|o h}hu dh`}is

cesmh|hs`hg ogmo`h}is&ogmo`h}is efqoso|gyh' \sul}ushb Fimeb hmhbhj fimeb

fegkegho |}su`}us jucugkhg yhgk fefceg}u` h}hu fegnebh|`hg `hu|hbo}h| hg}hs

dh`}is' Jhos" m``' *8??:/ mhbhf Kji~hbo *311:/" fegnebh|`hg chj{h }hjhqhg

qefimebhg mhg hghbo|o| qes|hfhhg |}su`}ushb mocuh} megkhg }unuj bhgk`hj>

Bhgk`hj 8' Qegkefchgkhg Fimeb Cesmh|hs ]eiso

Fimeb qes|hfhhg |}su`}ushb momh|hs`hg jucugkhg `hu|hbo}h|" mofhgh

qesuchjhg |h}u thsohceb moh|uf|o`hg h`hg ceshòch} qhmh qesuchjhg thsohceb

bhoggyh' @uh}gyh jucugkhg `hu|hbo}h| hg}hsh muh thsohceb yhgk moh|uf|o`hg ibej

qegebo}o cu`hg }esbe}h` qhmh fe}ime hghbo|o| yhgk moqoboj" }e}hqo }esbe}h` qhmh

nu|}odo`h|o *qefceghshg/ |elhsh }eiso}o| ug}u` fegmuùgk hghbo|o|' Ibej `hsegh

o}u" \EF }omh` mokugh`hg ug}u` fegkjh|ob`hg |ecuhj fimeb" }e}hqo mokugh`hg

ug}u` fegkìgdosfh|o fimeb }eiso}o| febhbuo mh}h efqoso|'

Bhgk`hj 3' Fegyu|ug Mohkshf Nhbus yhgk Fegugnu``hg Jucugkhg @hu|hbo}h|

Jucugkhg hg}hs ìg|}su` mo}ugnu``hg megkhg khso| megkhg |h}u hgh`

qhghj yhgk fegugnu``hg sekse|o mhg megkhg muh hgh` qhghj yhgk fegugnu``hg

ìsebh|o h}hu ìthsohg hg}hs ìg|}su`' Desmoghgm *3114/ fegnebh|`hg chj{h mo

mhbhf qefimebhg \EF" qegebo}o coh|hgyh ceèsnh megkhg lig|}sul} h}hu

dh`}is yho}u ìg|eq&ìg|eq yhgk fefoboò qonh`hg }eise}o| yhgk luùq ug}u`

fegnebh|`hg ceschkho ceg}u` jucugkhg'

@ig|}su`&ìg|}su` yhgk mochgkug mhbhf mohkshf hbus" mhqh} mocemh`hg

mhbhf muh èbifqi` ìg|}su` yho}u ìg|}su` e`|ikeg mhg ìg|}su` egmikeg'


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@ig|}su` e`|ikeg moèghb nukh |echkho |iusle thsohcbe| h}hu ogmeqegmeg}

thsohcbe| yhgk }omh` moqsemo`|o ibej thsohceb yhgk bhog mhbhf fimeb' @ig|}su`

egmikeg hmhbhj dh`}is&dh`}is yhgk moqsemo`|o ibej |h}u h}hu ceceshqh ìg|}su`'

@ig|}su` egmikeg mhqh} fefqsemo`|o |h}u h}hu ceceshqh ìg|}su` egmikeg

bhoggyh" }e}hqo ìg|}su` e`|ikeg jhgyh mhqh} cesjucugkhg `hu|hb megkhg

ìg|}su` egmikeg'

Bhgk`hj


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;8

yhgk mobhù`hggyh' Ic|esth|o ogmotomuhb mokugh`hg mhbhf qsikshf ogo" èfumohg

ogqu}&ogqu} o}u h`hg |ekesh moìgtes|o è mhbhf ceg}u` fh}so`| ìthsohg| h}hu

fh}so`| ìsebh|o |ecebuf e|}ofh|o mobhù`hg' Jhb ogo `hsegh diù| \EF cu`hgbhj

qhmh mh}h ogmotomuhb }e}hqo qhmh qibh jucugkhg hg}hs se|qigmeg' Fimeb e|}ofh|o

yhgk mokugh`hg hmhbhj fimeb e|}ofh|o Fhzofuf Boèbojiim*FB/' \hfqeb yhgk

mokugh`hg hg}hsh 811 |)m 311 |hfqeb mhg mouùs mhso nufbhj ogmo`h}is mo`hbo 5&81

hkhs fegkjh|ob`hg Kiimge|| id Do} yhgk cho`'

Bhgk`hj 5' Fegobho Omeg}odo`h|o Fimeb \}su`}ushb

Qegobhohg mobhù`hg ug}u` febojh} hmh }omh`gyh qesfh|hbhjhg omeg}odo`h|o

mhbhf fegkjh|ob`hg e|}ofh|o ugo` mhbhf fimeb' Ug}u` fegkh}h|o fh|hbhj

omeg}odo`h|o" mocu}uj`hg qege}hqhg becoj chgyh` ìg|}shog mhbhf fimeb'

Qeghfchjhg mobhù`hg |hfqho fh|hbhj yhgk hmh fegkjobhgk'

Bhgk`hj 4' Fegobho @so}esoh Kiimge||&id&Do}

\ecebuf fegobho èbhyh`hg fimeb" mobhù`hg qegobhohg hqh`hj mh}h yhgk

h`hg moibhj }ebhj fefegujo h|uf|o fimeb qes|hfhhg |}su`}ushb' \ebhgnu}gyh

mobojh} hmh }omh`gyh iddegmogk e|}ofh}e" yho}u e|}ofh|o ìedo|oeg cho` mhbhf fimeb

qegkuùshg yhgk gobhogyh moh}h| ch}h| yhgk mhqh} mo}esofh' \e}ebhj |ohq"

mobhù`hg qegkuùshg Kiimge||&id&Do} h}h| fimeb yhgk mo hnu`hg'

Ug}u` o}u

}ogmh`hg qes}hfh yhgk mobhù`hg hmhbhj fegkethbuh|o hqh`hj mh}h yhgk

mokugh`hg mhqh} fefegujo h|uf|o&h|uf|o \EF'

Cesoù} ogo ceceshqh ogme`| è|e|uhohg mhg lu}& id thbue ug}u` fegkuno

hqh`hj |ecuhj fimeb \EF mhqh} mo}esofh h}hu mo}ibh`'


89/91

;3

Z3&Ljo \xuhse |}h}o|}olFimeb moqhgmhgk cho` h}hu fefuh|`hg cobh gobho ljo&|xuhsegyh segmhj'

\efhòg èlob gobho Z3

|efhòg cho` fimeb o}u `hsegh }omh` hmh qescemhhg

|okgodo`hg hg}hsh mh}h megkhg yhgk moe|}ofh|o' Ljo&|xuhse mo}esofh

cesmh|hs`hg qsichcobo}h| megkhg lu}&id thbue |ece|hs q 7 1"15 h}hu q 7 1"81

*Jubbhgm" m``'" 8??4 mhbhf Desmoghgm" 3114/'

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