penerapan pendidikan smk

7/23/2019 Penerapan Pendidikan SMK

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PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK OTOMOTIF

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA

2010

PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belaka!

D"#$a!ka%a UU N&. 22 teta! Pe'er"ta(a Daera( )a$a (ak"kat%a

'e'*er" ke+ea!a $a kelel#a,aa ke)a$a $aera( #t#k 'e!at#r $a

'e!#r#, ke)et"!a 'a,%arakat ,ete')at 'e#r#t )rakar,a ,e$"r" *er$a,arka

a,)"ra," 'a,%arakat ,e,#a" $e!a )erat#ra )er#$a!-#$a!a. Ke+ea!a

$"*er"ka ke)a$a $aera( ka*#)ate $a k&ta *er$a,arka a,a, $e,etral",a,"

$ala' +##$ &t&&'" l#a,/ %ata/ $a *erta!!#! a+a*.

Ke+ea!a $aera( ka*#)ate $a k&ta/ ,e*a!a"'aa $"r#'#,ka $ala' )a,al 11/

'eak#) ,e'#a *"$a! )e'er"ta(a/ %ak" )ekeraa #'#'/ ke,e(ata/

)e$"$"ka $a ke*#$a%aa/ )erta"a/ )er(#*#!a/ "$#,tr" $a )er$a!a!a/

)eaa'a '&$al/ l"!k#!a ("$#)/ )ertaa(a/ k&)era," ,erta tea!a kera.

De!a $e'"k"a/ ela,la( *a(+a ke*"aka )e$"$"ka *era$a $"*a+a(

ke+ea!a $aera( ka*#)ate $a k&ta.

Ketet#a &t&&'" $aera( %a! $"la$a," &le( #$a!-#$a! &'&r 22 $a

&'&r 2 ta(# 1/ tela( 'e'*a+a )er#*a(a $ala' *er*a!a" $"$a!

ke("$#)a ter'a,#k )e%ele!!araa )e$"$"ka. B"la ,e*el#'%a 'aae'e

)e$"$"ka 'er#)aka +e+ea! )#,at/ $e!a *erlak#%a #$a!-#$a!

ter,e*#t/ ke+ea!a ter,e*#t $"al"(ka ke)e'er"ta( k&ta $a ka*#)ate. Ak"*at

$e,etral",a," )e$"$"ka 'e%e*a*ka tera$"%a re3&r'a," 'aae'e

)er,ek&la(a. Per#*a(a 'aae'e ,ek&la( %a! ,"!"4ka $a 'e$a,ar a$ala(

$"tera)ka%a 'aae'e *er*a,", ,ek&la( ata# S(&&l-Ba,e$ Maae'et.

Pe$ekata MBS 'er#)aka ,ala( ,at# ,",te' %a! $"ke'*a!ka $ala' ra!ka

)e'*er"a ke+ea!a l#a, ke)a$a ,ek&la(. Pe$ekata "" *er)"ak )a$a a!!a)a

$a,ar *a(+a $e!a 'e'*er"ka ke+ea!a $a ke'a$"r"a ke)ala ,ek&la(

aka 'e")taka e3ekt"5"ta, $a e4,"e," $ala' )e!el&laa ,ek&la(. Peera)aMBS aka 'e"!katka )art",")a," +ar!a ,ek&la( 6!#r#/ ,",+a/ ,ta3/ $a

'a,%arakat7 $ala' )r&,e, )er,ek&la(a ,e("!!a )a$a !"l"ra%a 'e"!katka

ak#ta*"l"ta, ,ek&la( ke)a$a +ar!a%a.

B. Per'a,ala(a

Ber$a,arka )e$a(#l#a $"ata, 'aka 'a,ala( %a! aka $"*a(a, *er"k#t a$ala( 8


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1. Pe!ert"a $a t##a Maae'e Ber*a,", Sek&la( 6MBS7

2. Peera)a Maae'e Ber*a,", Sek&la( $" SMK

PEMBAHASAN

1. Pe!ert"a $a t##a Maae'e Ber*a,", Sek&la( 6MBS7

MBS 'er#)aka )ara$"!'a *ar# )e$"$"ka %a! 'e'*er"ka &t&&'" l#a, )a$a

t"!kat ,ek&la( $e!a 'ak,#$ a!ar ,ek&la( lel#a,a 'e!el&la ,#'*er $a%a $a

,#'*er $aa $e!a 'e!al&ka,"ka%a ,e,#a" $e!a )r"&r"ta, ke*#t#(a. MBS

'er#)aka )ara$"!'a *ar# )e$"$"ka %a! 'e'*er"ka &t&&'" l#a, )a$a

t"!kat ,ek&la( $e!a 'ak,#$ a!ar ,ek&la( lel#a,a 'e!el&la ,#'*er $a%a $a

,#'*er $aa $e!a 'e!al&ka,"ka%a ,e,#a" $e!a )r"&r"ta, ke*#t#(a. Pa$a

,",te' MBS ,ek&la( $"t#t#t ,eara 'a$"r" 'e!!al"/ 'e!al&ka,"ka/

'eet#ka )r"&r"ta,/ 'e!e$al"ka/ $a 'e')erta!!#!a+a*ka

)e'*er$a%aa ,#'*er-,#'*er/ *a"k ke)a$a 'a,%arakat 'a#)# )e'er"ta(. MBS

#!a 'er#)aka ,ala( ,at# +##$ $ar" re3&r'a," )e$"$"ka %a! 'ea+arka

ke)a$a ,ek&la( #t#k 'e%e$"aka )e$"$"ka %a! le*"( *a"k $a 'e'a$a" *a!"

,",+a. Hal "" #!a *er)&te," #t#k 'e"!katka k"era ,ta3/ 'ea+arka

)art",")a," la!,#! ke)a$a kel&')&k-kel&')&k terka"t/ $a 'e"!katka

)e'a(a'a ke)a$a 'a,%arakat ter(a$a) )e$"$"ka. Pe!ert"a MBS 9S#at#

k&,e) %a! 'ee')atka kek#a,aa )e!a'*"la ke)#t#,a %a! *erka"ta

$e!a )e$"$"ka $"letakka )a$a te')at %a! )al"! $ekat $e!a )r&,e,

*elaar 'e!aar 9 T##a MBS T##a #ta'a )eera)a MBS )a$a "t"%a a$ala(

#t#k )e%e"'*a!a ,tr#kt#r ke+ea!a atara ,ek&la(/ )e'er"ta( $aera(

)elak,aaa )r&,e, $a )#,at ,e("!!a 'aae'e 'ea$" le*"( e4,"e.

Ke+ea!a ter(a$a) )e'*elaara $" ,era(ka ke)a$a #"t %a! )al"! $ekat$e!a )elak,aaa )r&,e, )e'*elaara "t# ,e$"r" %a"t# ,ek&la(. D",a')"! "t#

#t#k 'e'*er$a%aka ,ek&la( a!ar ,ek&la( $a)at 'ela%a" 'a,%arakat ,eara

'ak,"'al ,e,#a" $e!a ke"!"a 'a,%arakat ter,e*#t. T##a )eera)a MBS

a$ala( #t#k 'e'a$"r"ka ata# 'e'*er$a%aka ,ek&la( 'elal#" ke+ea!a

6&t&&'"7 ke)a$a ,ek&la( $a 'e$&r&! ,ek&la( #t#k 'elak#ka )e!a'*"la

ke)#t#,a ,eara )art",")at"3. Le*"( r""%a MBS *ert##a #t#k8

a. 'e"!katka '#t# )e$"$"ka 'elal#" ke'a$"r"a $a "","at"3 ,ek&la( $ala'

'e!el&la $a 'e'*er$a%aka ,#'*er $a%a %a! ter,e$"a:

*. 'e"!katka ke)e$#l"a +ar!a ,ek&la( $a 'a,%arakat $ala''e%ele!!araka )e$"$"ka 'elal#" )e!a'*"la ke)#t#,a *er,a'a:

. 'e"!katka ta!!#! a+a* ,ek&la( ke)a$a &ra!t#a/ 'a,%arakat/ $a

)e'er"ta( teta! '#t# ,ek&la(%a: $a

$. 'e"!katka k&')et"," %a! ,e(at atar ,ek&la( teta! '#t# )e$"$"ka %a!

aka $"a)a".


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Pr",") $a I')le'eta," MBS Pr",") #ta'a )elak,aaa MBS a$a 6l"'a7 (al

%a"t#8

a. F&k#, )a$a '#t#

*. B&tt&'-#) )la"! a$ $e","& 'ak"!

. Maae'e %a! tra,)ara

$. Pe'*er$a%aa 'a,%arakat

e. Pe"!kata '#t# ,eara *erkela#ta

Pr",") MBS Dala' 'e!"')le'eta,"ka MBS ter$a)at ; 6e')at7 )r",") %a!

(ar#, $"3a(a'" %a"t#8 kek#a,aa: )e!eta(#a: ,",te' "3&r'a,": $a ,",te'

)e!(ar!aa.

a. Kek#a,aa Ke)ala ,ek&la( 'e'"l"k" kek#a,aa %a! le*"( *e,ar #t#k 'e!a'*"l

ke)#t#,a *erka"ta $e!a ke*"aka )e!el&laa ,ek&la( $"*a$"!ka $e!a

,",te' )e$"$"ka ,e*el#'%a. Kek#a,aa "" $"'ak,#$ka #t#k 'e'#!k"ka

,ek&la( *erala $e!a e3ekt"3 $a e4,"e. Kek#a,aa %a! $"'"l"k" ke)ala ,ek&la(

aka e3ekt"3 a)a*"la 'e$a)at $#k#!a )art",")a," $ar" *er*a!a" )"(ak/ ter#ta'a

!#r# $a &ra!t#a ,",+a. Se*era)a *e,ar kek#a,aa ,ek&la( ter!at#! ,e*era)a

a#( MBS $a)at $""')le'eta,"ka. Pe'*er"a kek#a,aa ,eara #t#(

,e*a!a"'aa $ala' te&r" MBS t"$ak '#!k" $"lak,aaka $ala' ,eket"ka/

'ela"ka a$a )r&,e, tra,"," $ar" 'aae'e %a! $"k&tr&l )#,at ke MBS.

Kek#a,aa %a! le*"( *e,ar %a! $"'"l"k" &le( ke)ala ,ek&la( $ala' )e!a'*"la

ke)#t#,a )erl# $"lak,aaka $e!a $e'&krat", atara la" $e!a8

17 'el"*atka ,e'#a 4(ak/ k(#,#,%a !#r# $a &ra!t#a ,",+a.

27 'e'*et#k t"'-t"' ke"l $" le5el ,ek&la( %a! $"*er" ke+ea!a #t#k

'e!a'*"l ke)#t#,a %a! rele5a $e!a t#!a,%a


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27 'e'a(a'" $a $a)at 'elak,aaka *er*a!a" a,)ek %a! *erka"ta $e!a

)elak,aaa ke!"ata =#al"t% a,,#rae/ =#al"t% &tr&l/ ,el3 a,,e,,'et/ ,(&&l

re5"e+/ *e'ark"!/ S>OT/ $ll7.

. S",te' I3&r'a," Sek&la( %a! 'elak#ka MBS )erl# 'e'"l"k" "3&r'a," %a!

ela, *erka"ta $e!a )r&!ra' ,ek&la(. I3&r'a," "" $")erl#ka a!ar ,e'#a +ar!a,ek&la( ,erta 'a,%arakat ,ek"tar *",a $e!a '#$a( 'e')er&le( !a'*ara

k&$"," ,ek&la(. De!a "3&r'a," ter,e*#t +ar!a ,ek&la( $a)at 'e!a'*"l )era

$a )art",")a,". D",a')"! "t# keter,e$"aa "3&r'a," ,ek&la( aka 'e'#$a(ka

)elak,aaa '&"t&r"!/ e5al#a,"/ $a ak#ta*"l"ta, ,ek&la(. I3&ra," %a! a'at

)et"! #t#k $"'"l"k" ,ek&la( atara la" %a! *erka"ta $e!a8 ke'a')#a !#r#

$a Pre,ta," ,",+a

$. S",te' Pe!(ar!aa Sek&la( %a! 'elak,aaka MBS )erl# 'e%#,# ,",te'

)e!(ar!aa #t#k 'e'*er"ka )e!(ar!aa ke)a$a +ar!a ,ek&la( %a!

*er)re,ta,". S",te' )e!(ar!aa "" $")erl#ka #t#k 'e$&r&! kar"er +ar!a

,ek&la(/ %a"t# !#r#/ kar%a+a $a ,",+a. De!a ,",te' "" $"(ara)ka aka'##l '&t"5a," $a et(&, kera $ar" kala!a ,ek&la(. S",te' )e!(ar!aa %a!

$"ke'*a!ka (ar#, *er,"3at a$"l $a 'erata.

Ke+ea!a %a! D"$e,etral",a,"ka

a. Pereaaa $a E5al#a," Sek&la( $"*er" ke+ea!a #t#k 'elak#ka

)ereaaa ,ek&la( ,e,#a" $e!a ke*#t#(a%a 6,(&&l-*a,e$ )la7. Ole(

karea "t#/ ,ek&la( (ar#, 'elak#ka aal",", ke*#t#(a '#t# $a *er$a,arka (a,"l

aal",", ke*#t#(a '#t# ""la( ke'#$"a ,ek&la( 'e'*#at reaa )e"!kata

'#t#. Sek&la( $"*er" +e+ea! #t#k 'elak#ka e5al#a,"/ k(#,#,%a e5al#a,"

%a! $"lak#ka ,eara "teral. E5al#a," "teral $"lak#ka &le( +ar!a ,ek&la(#t#k 'e'ata# )r&,e, )elak,aaa $a #t#k 'e!e5al#a," (a,"l )r&!ra'-

)r&!ra' %a! tela( $"lak,aaka. E5al#a," ,e'aa' "" ,er"! $",e*#t e5al#a," $"r".

E5al#a," $"r" (ar#, ##r $a tra,)ara a!ar *ear-*ear $a)at 'e!#!ka)

"3&r'a," %a! ,e*ear%a.

*. Pe!el&laa K#r"k#l#' K#r"k#l#' %a! $"*#at &le( Pe'er"ta( P#,at a$ala(

k#r"k#l#' ,ta$ar %a! *erlak# ,eara a,"&al. Pa$a(al k&$"," ,ek&la( )a$a

#'#'%a ,a!at *era!a'. Ole( karea "t#/ $ala' "')eleta,"%a ,ek&la( $a)at

'e!e'*a!ka 6'e')er$ala'/ 'e')erka%a/ $a 'e'&$"4ka,"7/ a'# t"$ak

*&le( 'e!#ra!" "," k#r"k#l#' %a! *erlak# ,eara a,"&al. Sela" "t#/ ,ek&la(

$"*er" ke*e*a,a #t#k 'e!e'*a(!ka k#r"k#l#' '#ata l&kal.

. Pe!el&laa Pr&,e, Belaar Me!aar Pr&,e, *elaar 'e!aar 'er#)aka

ke!"ata #ta'a ,ek&la(. Sek&la( $"*er" ke*e*a,a 'e'"l"( ,trate!"/ 'et&$e/ $a

tek"k-tek"k )e'*elaara $a )ea!ara %a! )al"! e3ekt"3/ ,e,#a" $e!a

karakter",t"k 'ata )elaara/ karakter",t"k ,",+a/ karakter",t"k !#r#/ $a k&$","

%ata ,#'*er $a%a %a! ter,e$"a $" ,ek&la(. Seara #'#'/ ,trate!"?'et&$e?tek"k


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)e'*elaara %a! *er)#,at )a$a ,",+a 6,t#$et-etere$7 le*"( 'a')#

'e'*er$a%aka )e'*elaara ,",+a.

$. Pe!el&laa Ketea!aa Pe!el&laa ketea!aaa/ '#la" $ar" aal",",

ke*#t#(a/ )ereaaa/ rekr#t'e/ )e!e'*a!a/ (a$"a( $a ,ak," 6re+ar$

a$ )#",('et7/ (#*#!a kera/ ,a')a" e5al#a," k"era tea!a kera ,ek&la(6!#r#/ tea!a a$'"",tra,"/ la*&ra/ $a ,e*a!a"%a7 $a)at $"lak#ka &le( ,ek&la(/

ke#al" %a! 'e%a!k#t )e!#)a(a?"'*al a,a $a rekr#t'e !#r# )e!a+a"

e!er" %a! ,a')a" ,aat "" 'a,"( $"ta!a" &le( Pe'er"ta( P#,at?Daera(.

e. Pe!el&laa Fa,"l"ta, 6Peralata $a Perle!ka)a7 Pe!el&laa 3a,"l"ta, ,#$a(

,e(ar#,%a $"lak#ka &le( ,ek&la(/ '#la" $ar" )e!a$aa/ )e'el"(araa $a

)er*a"ka/ ("!!a ,a')a" )e!e'*a!a. Hal "" $"$a,arka &le( ke%ataa *a(+a

,ek&la(la( %a! )al"! 'e!eta(#" ke*#t#(a 3a,"l"ta,/ *a"k ke#k#)a/

ke,e,#a"a/ 'a#)# ke'#tak("ra%a.

3. Pe!el&laa Ke#a!a Pe!el&laa ke#a!a/ ter#ta'a

)e!al&ka,"a?)e!!#aa #a! ,#$a( ,e)ata,%a $"lak#ka &le( ,ek&la(. Hal ""

#!a $"$a,ar" &le( ke%ataa *a(+a ,ek&la(la( %a! )al"! 'e'a(a'"

ke*#t#(a%a ,e("!!a $e,etra,l",a," )e!al&ka,"a?)e!!#aa #a! ,#$a(

,e(ar#,%a $"l"')a(ka ke ,ek&la(. Sek&la( #!a (ar#, $"*er" ke*e*a,a #t#k

'elak#ka 9ke!"ata-ke!"ata %a! 'e$ata!ka )e!(a,"la@ 6"&'e

!eerat"! at"5"t"e,7 ,e("!!a ,#'*er ke#a!a t"$ak ,e'ata-'ata ter!at#!

)a$a )e'er"ta(.

!. Pela%aa S",+a Pela%aa ,",+a/ '#la" $ar" )eer"'aa ,",+a *ar#/

)e!e'*a!a?)e'*"aa? )e'*"'*"!a/ )ee')ata #t#k 'ela#tka

,ek&la( ata# #t#k 'e'a,#k" $#"a kera ("!!a ,a')a" )a$a )e!#r#,a al#'"/,e*ear%a $ar" $a(#l# ,#$a( $"$e,etral",a,"ka. Karea "t#/ %a! $")erl#ka

a$ala( )e"!kata "te,"ta, $a ek,te,"ta,%a.

(. H#*#!a Sek&la(-Ma,%arakat E,e," (#*#!a ,ek&la(-'a,%arakat a$ala(

#t#k 'e"!katka keterl"*ata/ ke)e$#l"a/ ke)e'"l"ka/ $a $#k#!a $ar"

'a,%arakat ter#ta'a $#k#!a '&ral $a 4a,"al. Dala' art" %a! ,e*ear%a/

(#*#!a ,ek&la(-'a,%arakat $ar" $a(#l# ,#$a( $"$e,etra,l",a,"ka. Ole( karea

"t#/ ,ekal" la!" %a! $"*#t#(ka a$ala( )e"!kata "te,"ta, $a ek,te,"ta,

(#*#!a ,ek&la(-'a,%arakat.

". Pe!el&laa Ikl"' Sek&la( Ikl"' ,ek&la( 64,"k $a & 4,"k7 %a! k&$#,"3-aka$e'"k 'er#)aka )ra,%arat *a!" ter,ele!!ara%a )r&,e, *elaar 'e!aar

%a! e3ekt"3. L"!k#!a ,ek&la( %a! a'a $a tert"*/ &)t"'",'e $a

(ara)a?e,)ekta," %a! t"!!" $ar" +ar!a ,ek&la(/ ke,e(ata ,ek&la(/ $a ke!"ata-

ke!"ata %a! ter)#,at )a$a ,",+a 6,t#$et-etere$ at"5"t"e,7 a$ala( &t&(-

&t&( "kl"' ,ek&la( %a! $a)at 'e#'*#(ka ,e'a!at *elaar ,",+a. Ikl'"

,ek&la( ,#$a( 'er#)aka ke+ea!a ,ek&la( ,e("!!a %a! $")erl#ka a$ala(

#)a%a-#)a%a %a! le*"( "te,"3 $a ek,te,"3.


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2. A)l"ka," Peera)a Meee'e Ber*a,", K&')ete," $" SMK

K&')&e %a! $"$e,etral",a,"ka Me#r#t >&(l,tetter $a M&(r'a ter$a)at

e')at ,#'*er $a%a %a! (ar#, $"$e,etral",a,"ka %a! )a$a (ak"kat%a

'er#)aka "t" $a "," $ar" MBS %a"t# )&+er?a#t(&r"t%/ k&+le$!e/ "3&r'at"& $a

re+ar$. Kee')at%a 'er#)aka *a!"a %a! t"$ak *",a $")",a(ka %a! ter$"r"$ar" 8

a. Kek#a,aa?ke+ea!a 6)&+er?a#t(&r"t%7 (ar#, $"$e,etral",a,"ka ke ,ek&la(-

,ek&la( ,eara la!,#! %a"t# 'elal#" $e+a ,ek&la(. Se$"k"t%a ter(a$a) t"!a

*"$a! )et"! %a"t# *#$!et/ )er,&el $a #rr"#l#'. Ter'a,#k $ala'

ke+ea!a "" a$ala( 'e%a!k#t )e!a!kata $a )e')er(et"a ke)ala

,ek&la(/ !#r# $a ,ta ,ek&la(.

*. Pe!eta(#a 6k&+le$!e7 #!a (ar#, $"$e,etral",a,"ka ,e("!!a ,#'*er$a%a

'a#,"a $" ,ek&la( 'a')# 'e'*er"ka k&tr"*#," %a! *erart" *a!" k"era

,ek&la(. Pe!eta(#a %a! )erl# $"$e,etral",a,"ka 'el")#t"8 ketera')"la %a!

terka"t $e!a )ekeraa ,eara la!,#! 6&* ,k"ll,7/ ketera')"la kel&')&k

6tea'+&rk ,k"ll,7 $a )e!eta(#a ke&r!a",a,"a 6&r!a"at"&al k&+le$!e7.

Ketera')"la kel&')&k $"atara%a a$ala( )e'ea(a 'a,ala(/ )e!a'*"la

ke)#t#,a $a ketera')"la *erk&'#"ka,". Ter'a,#k $ala' )e!eta(#a

ke&r!a",a,"a a$ala( )e'a(a'a l"!k#!a $a ,trate!" 'ere,)& )er#*a(a.

. Hak"kat la" %a! (ar#, $"$e,etral",a,"ka a$ala( "3&r'a," 6"3&r'at"&7. Pa$a

'&$el ,etral",t"k "3&r'a," (a%a $"'"l"k" )ara )"')"a )#ak/ 'aka )a$a '&$el

MBS (ar#, $"$",tr"*#,"ka ke ,el#r#( &,t"t#et ,ek&la( *a(ka ke ,el#r#(

,take(&l$er. A)a %a! )erl# $",e*arl#a,kaC Atara la" *er#)a 5","/ '","/ ,trate!"/

,a,ara $a t##a ,ek&la(/ ke#a!a $a ,tr#kt#r *"a%a/ ",#-",# ,ek"tar ,ek&la(/k"era ,ek&la( $a )ara )ela!!a%a. Pe%e*ara "3&r'a," *",a ,eara 5ert"kal

$a (&r"&tal *a"k $e!a ara tata) '#ka 'a#)# t#l",a.

$. Pe!(ar!aa 6re+ar$7 a$ala( (al )et"! la"%a %a! (ar#, $"$e,etral",a,"ka.

Pe!(ar!aa *",a *er#)a 4,"k 'a#)# &-4,"k %a! ,e'#a%a $"$a,arka ata,

)re,ta," kera. Pe!(ar!aa 4,"k *",a *er#)a )e'*er"a (a$"a( ,e)ert" #a!.

Pe!(ar!aa &-4,"k *er#)a kea"ka )a!kat/ 'ela#tka )e$"$"ka/

'e!"k#t" ,e'"ar ata# k&3ere," $a )eatara.

Se'etara "t# 'e#r#t De)$"ka, 3#!,"-3#!," %a! $a)at $"$e,etral",a,ka ke

,ek&la( a$ala( 8

a. Pereaaa $a e5al#a," )r&!ra' ,ek&la(. Sek&la( $"*er" ke+ea!a #t#k

'elak#ka )ereaaa ,e,#a" $e!a ke*#t#(a%a/ )a$a 3#!," "" tela( $",#,#

reaa ,trate!", 6re,tra7 %a! 'e'#at reaa )e!e'*a!a ,ek&la( $ala'

a!ka +akt# l"'a ta(# ke$e)a $a re&) 6reaa &)era,"&al7 %e! 'er#)aka

reaa ta(#a. Da ,et"a) ak("r *#la ata# ,e'e,ter ter'a,#k ak("r ta(#

$"a$aka e5al#a," )elak,aaa )r&!ra'.


7/8

*. Pe!el&laa k#r"k#l#'. Sek&la( $a)at 'e!e'*a!ka/ a'# t"$ak *&le(

'e!#ra!" "," k#r"k#l#' %a! *erlak# ,eara a,"&al %a! $"ke'*a!ka &le(

Pe'er"ta( P#,at. Pa$a 3#!," "" tela( $"ke'*a!ka Sta$ar K&')ete," $a

K&')ete," Da,ar 'elal#" )ea*ara ke$ala' "$"kat&r-"$"kat&r ,et"a) 'ata

)elaara $a #!a )e!e'*a!a k#r"k#l#' '#ata l&kal.

. Pe!el&laa )r&,e, *elaar 'e!aar. Sek&la( $"*er" ke*e*a,a #t#k 'e'"l"(

,trate!"/ 'et&$e $a tek"k )e'*elaara $a )e!aara %a! )al"! e3ekt"3

,e,#a" $e!a karakter",t"k 'ata )elaara/ karakter",t"k ,",+a/ karakter",t"k !#r#

$a k&$"," %ata ,#'*er $a%a %a! ter,e$"a $" ,ek&la(. Pa$a 3#!," ""/ !#r# tela(

$"*er" ke*e*a,a 'e'"l"( 'et&$e-'et&$e %a! te)at $ala' )r&,e, )e'*elaara

%a! "t"%a a$ala( )er#,e, )e'*elaara k&,tr#kt"3.

$. Pe!el&laa ketea!aa. Pe!el&laa ketea!aa '#la" $ar" aal",", ke*#t#(a

)ereaaa/ rekr#t'e/ )e!e'*a!a/ )e!(ar!aa $a ,a!,"/ (#*#!a kera

("!!a e5al#a," k"era tea!a kera ,ek&la( $a)at $"lak#ka &le( ,ek&la( ke#al"

!#r# )e!a+a" e!er" %a! ,a')a" ,aat "" 'a,"( $"ta!a" &le( *"r&kra," $" ata,%a.F#!," "" tela( $"lak,aaka $ala' *et#k )e!a$aa !#r# t"$ak teta) $a

)e!a+a" t"$ak teta) *er$a,ar ke)a$a k&')ete," $a,ar *a!" !#r# $a )e!a+a"

a$'"",tra,"/ )elat"(a %a! ter#, 'eer#,.

e. Pe!el&laa )eralata $a )erle!ka)a. Pe!el&laa 3a,"l"ta, ,e(ar#,%a

$"lak#ka &le( ,ek&la( '#la" $ar" )e!a$aa/ )e'el"(araa $a )er*a"ka ("!!a

)e!e'*a!a%a. Hal "" $"$a,ar" &le( ke%ataa *a(+a ,ek&la(la( %a! )al"!

'e!eta(#" ke*#t#(a 3a,"l"ta, *a"k ke#k#)a/ ke,e,#a"a $a ke'#tak("ra%a

ter#ta'a 3a,"l"ta, %a! ,a!at erat ka"ta%a ,eara la!,#! $e!a )r&,e,

*elaar 'e!aar. F#!," "" tela( $"lak,aaka $ala' *et#k )e!a$aa *ara!

%a! $"$a(#l#" &le( aal",", ,kala )r"&r"ta,/ )er*a"ka?)e!!at"a ,araa $a)ra,araa *elaar ter'a,#k )e!e'*a!a%a $ala' ra!ka 'e%e,#a"ka

$e!a )erke'*a!a.

3. Pe!el&laa ke#a!a. Pe!el&laa ke#a!a/ ter#ta'a

)e!al&ka,"a?)e!!#aa #a! ,#$a( ,e)ata,%a $"lak#ka &le( ,ek&la(.

Sek&la( #!a (ar#, $"*er" ke*e*a,a #t#k 'elak#ka ke!"ata-ke!"ata %a!

'e$ata!ka )e!(a,"la/ ,e("!!a ,#'*er ke#a!a t"$ak ,e'ata-'ata

ter!at#! )a$a )e'er"ta(. F#!," "" $"ta$a" $e!a )e!!#aa ke#a!a

%a! a$a $" ,ek&la( 'elal#" )e$",tr"*#,"a )a$a RAPBS %a! $",#,# &le( Ke)ala

Sek&la( *er,a'a K&'"te Sek&la( ,erta !#r# ,e"&r.

!. Pela%aa ,",+a. F#!," "" $a)at $"lak,aaka $ala' *et#k )ela%aa ,",+a

'#la" $ar" )eer"'aa ,",+a *ar#/ )e!e'*a!a/ )e'*"aa/ )e'*"'*"!a/

)ee')ata #t#k 'ela#tka ,ek&la( ata# #t#k 'e'a,#k" $#"a kera ("!!a

)e!#r#,a al#'".

(. H#*#!a ,ek&la( $a 'a,%arakat. F#!," "" $a)at $"lak,aaka 'elal#"

(#*#!a ,ek&la( $a ',%arakat #t#k 'e"!katka keterl"*ata/ ke)e$#l"a/


8/8

ke)e'"l"ka $a $#k#!a $ar" 'a,%arakat/ ter#ta'a $#k#!a '&ral $a

4a,"a.l

". Pe!el&laa "kl"' ,ek&la(. F#!," "" $a)at $"lak,aaka $ala' *et#k

'e")taka Ikl"' ,ek&la( %a! k&$#,"3-aka$e'"k %a! 'er#)aka 'er#)aka

)ra,%arat *a!" ter,ele!!ara%a )r&,e, *elaar 'e!aar %a! e3ekt"3. L"!k#!a,ek&la( %a! a'a $a tert"*/ &)t"'",'e $a (ara)a %a! t"!!" $ar" +ar!a

,ek&la(/ ke,e(ata ,ek&la( $a ke!"ata-ke!"ata %a! ter)#,at )a$a ,",+a.

PENUTUP

Ke,"')#la

17 Ba(+a MBS 'er#)aka )ara$"!'a *ar# )e$"$"ka %a! 'e'*er"ka &t&&'"

l#a, )a$a t"!kat ,ek&la( $e!a 'ak,#$ a!ar ,ek&la( lel#a,a 'e!el&la ,#'*er

$a%a $a ,#'*er $aa $e!a 'e!al&ka,"ka%a ,e,#a" $e!a )r"&r"ta,

ke*#t#(a. MBS 'er#)aka )ara$"!'a *ar# )e$"$"ka %a! 'e'*er"ka &t&&'"

l#a, )a$a t"!kat ,ek&la( $e!a 'ak,#$ a!ar ,ek&la( lel#a,a 'e!el&la ,#'*er

$a%a $a ,#'*er $aa $e!a 'e!al&ka,"ka%a ,e,#a" $e!a )r"&r"ta,

ke*#t#(a

27 Peera)ka 3#!,"-3#!," MBS $a)at $"lak,aaka $ala' *et#k Pereaaa

$a e5al#a," )r&!ra' ,ek&la(/ Pe!el&laa k#r"k#l#'/ Pe!el&laa )r&,e, *elaar'e!aar/ Pe!el&laa ketea!aa/ Pe!el&laa )eralata $a )erle!ka)a/

Pe!el&laa ke#a!a/ Pela%aa ,",+a/ H#*#!a ,ek&la( $a 'a,%arakat/ ,erta

Pe!el&laa "kl"' ,ek&la(

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

De)$"k*#$. 1

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